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Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Enough Solar Energy falls on
New York in ONE DAY to power
the state for ONE YEAR
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 1
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Learning How the Universe Works
Particle Physics is Fun
Simple capacitor Fermilab Particle
Bank is first stage Accelerator
Particle accelerator
Proton Splatter
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 2
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
From “The Professional Pest” by G. Canough:
Rule #1: Determination and Persistence Will Get You Anywhere!
In this case,
To the Moon!
The Lunar Prospector
As designed by ETM And SSI As built by Lockheed
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 3
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Space Solar Power 24 hours per day!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 4
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 5
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Use Renewable Energy because
You care about the future
Earth is our one and only home
You want to “grow your own” electricity
Sources of fossil fuel are finite
Increasing CO2 leads to climate change
Distributed generation more robust than
centralized
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 6
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
500 MW of PV would have prevented this. It would have cost $3
billion. Cost of power outage to business: $8 billion! --- R. Perez
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 7
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Europe and Asia Take the Lead
Source: Solarbuzz
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 8
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Electricity Farming in Germany
Village Solar
Power Plant, 10 MW
May 18,2006
Bavaria Solarpark in Muehlhausen, Guenching, and Minihof
NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 9
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Did you know that:
The entire country of Germany is NORTH of 46
degrees latitude. Munich: 48 degrees N
While Syracuse is at 43 degrees NORTH
latitude.
Yet, there are around 250,000 PV systems
installed in Germany, around 20,000 in the
USA, and 300 in NY.
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 10
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Solar Energy in New York
Source: NYSERDA
New York: 2.5 MW installed
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 11
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
USA gives up manufacturing leadership
Consolidated world production of photovoltaic cells
increased to 1146 MW in 2004. Japanese manufacturers
contributed 48%, with the US contributing 11%, compared
to 26% five years ago. Total production from the Rest of the
World more than doubled to 171 MW.
See www.solarbuzz.com/Marketbuzz2005-intro.htm
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 12
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 13
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Scotty Says: Reduce Your Load, Captain Kirk!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 14
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Energy Efficiency Saves Big Bucks
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 15
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Units
A Kilowatt Is a Unit of Power
A Kilowatt-hour is a Unit of Energy
Power is momentary effort required to do something. It’s
like the strength needed to lift that battery.
Energy is Power x Time. It’s like the amount of pizza
required to keep a solar installer lifting batteries for an hour.
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 16
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
The Solar Resource
The Definition of Full Sun is 1000 Watts/square meter
Under these conditions:
In 1 hour 1 square meter of the Earth’s
surface intercepts
1 Kilowatt-hour of solar energy.
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 17
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
June 21
West North
Dec 21
PV modules
South East
Path of the Sun
Face your PV South, DO NOT SHADE!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 18
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
30 Years of Data Does Not Lie!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 19
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
3% of the State of New York’s land area is
covered with buildings and parking lots.
1% of NY’s land area could
power the state if covered
with photovoltaics.
From Dr. R. Perez
If we covered just 1/3 of these buildings and
parking lots with photovoltaics, we could power
the entire state!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 20
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
30 yr average kWh per sq. meter per year in:
San Diego, Ca……….. 2044
Phoenix, Az ………….2336
Syracuse, NY ………..1533
Binghamton, NY …….1496
New York City ………1642
Seattle, Wa …………..1387
Seattle gets 60% of the amount of sun that Phoenix gets.
Binghamton gets 73% of the amount of sun that San Diego
gets.
This means we need a LARGER AREA of photovoltaics in
Binghamton than they do in San Diego to make the same
amount of KILOWATT-HOURS.
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 21
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
New York City, Long Island and NJ get
70% of the amount of sun Phoenix gets
Summer peaking load
(air conditioning)
+ high utility rates
+ lots of sun in the
summer
+ dire need of grid
support
= some of the best
places in the USA for
Solar power!
From Dr. R. Perez
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 22
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
The Wind Resource
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 23
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
The Site Survey
Can I see for miles in the direction of the prevailing wind?
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 24
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
You can find the exact location of the site using Google Earth
This one is 43° 01’ 36.52” x 75° 19’ 32.41”
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 25
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Now look up the wind speed and prevailing wind direction using
www.awstruewind.com
From Google Earth measurement from Kellogg Rd., I guessed that
The hill at Spring Farm is here:
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 26
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Here’s the wind report for that spot:
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 27
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Prevailing wind
direction
This is nice…
the long view is
in the direction
of the prevailing
winds.
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 28
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Installing Wind Turbines
Turban Turbine
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 29
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Southwest Windpower
Whisper 200
H 80 Whisper 100
H 40 Whisper 175 Air 403
Rotor diameter:10' Rotor diameter:7„ Rotor diameter:15' (5.0 meters) Rotor Diameter:46"
Weight:65 lbs Weight:47 lbs Start-Up wind speed:7.1 mph Start up wind speed:7
Start-Up wind speed:7.0 mph Start-Up wind speed:7.5 mph mph
Peak Power:3200 W @ 27 mph
Peak Power:1000 W @ 24 mph Peak Power:900 W @ 28 mph Output:400 W at 28 mph
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 30
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Bergey
Windpower
EXCEL 10 kW
Start-up Wind Speed: 3 m/s (6.7 mph)
Start-up Wind Speed: 3.4 m/s (7.5 mph)
Cut-in Wind Speed: 2.5 m/s (5.6 mph)
Cut-in Wind Speed: 3.1 m/s (7 mph)
Rated Wind Speed: 11 m/s (24.6 mph)
Rated Wind Speed: 13.8 m/s (31 mph)
Rated Power: 1000 Watts
Rated Power: 10 kW (grid & pumping), 7.5 kW for
battery-charging
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 31
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
This site looks good. Now what?
Is there zoning? Yes Are there height limits? Yes Apply for Variance
No If Variance granted
No
Fill out SEQR
Aesthetics issues may kill
Apply for Building permit project at this stage
If there is zoning, the Town is the Lead Agency
for the SEQR, otherwise it’s NYSERDA
Complete NYSERDA paperwork May not be approved if wind speed less than 10 mph
May approve less than 50% of the total cost
approved
Complete utility paperwork Install it
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 32
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Things to submit for building permit
Engineering drawings of the tower
Site plan showing location of turbine, wire runs
One-line diagram
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 33
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
inverter
DC
input
10 kW Bergey
240 V
AC
output
Disconnect
next to
utility meter
200 A box
with 150 A NYSEG
main breaker Meter 60 A
50 A
Main House
circuit box
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 34
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
The Tilt Up
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 35
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Art of the Tilt-up “gin pole”
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 36
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Base for tilt-up
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 37
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Crane can pick
up lattice tower
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 38
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Lattice Tower
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 39
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Things do not
always go as
planned!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 40
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
See www.powernaturally.org/Programs/Wind/incentives.asp for details
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 41
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
So, can humans be at least as smart as
trees and shrubs and
Harness the Power of the Sun ?
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 42
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Stepping up to solar power
Solar electricity (photovoltaics)
And wind power
Active solar heating (solar hot water)
Passive solar design
Energy efficiency
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 43
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
House with solar hot
water heaters
Searsburg Road
Trumansburg, NY
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 44
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
“Photovoltaic Array”
8.66 ft wide
24.2’ long
module
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 45
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Stand-alone
photovoltaics
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 46
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Off the Grid in Upstate NY
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 47
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
The Power Shed
900 W
Inverter, charge control
And battery bank in shed
To house
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 48
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Really, Really Remote
Cathead Mountain
Adirondacks
Jan 1998
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 49
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
You’ll need one of these pesky things
For off-grid solar power
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 50
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Don’t like batteries? Try…
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 51
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
The Lehman Alternative Community School Goes Solar!
Ithaca, NY
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 52
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works See data for all schools at:
www.powernaturally.org/Programs/SchoolPowerNaturally/
Alternative Community School
Peak Power for last 14 days
Power production curve
on June 10
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 53
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
“Praise the Lord !”(for sunshine). The church
reduced their electric bill by 88%!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 54
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
PV on aluminum rack, bolted to rafters will withstand a hurricane!
Sidney, NY Bethpage, NY
Rochester, NY
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 55
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 56
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Albany County Hockey Facility
Solar Power Keeps Ice Cold!
40 kW
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 57
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Sidney Library 10 kW
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 58
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Tompkins County Public Library in Ithaca NY
Goes solar: 186 kW
20000 sq.ft. of PV
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 59
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
NY Department of Transportation goes solar.
40 kW in Kirkwood NY
Powerlight
PV system
generates
electricity,
protects roof
and adds
insulation to
roof.
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 60
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
60,000 sq.ft. PV array, 612 kW
Just in case you are still thinking that
solar power can’t serve a large load here’s
over ½ a megawatt in Farmingdale NY!
Photo source: Powerlight
Every 100,000 square feet of roof space
can generate 1 megawatt with PV on it.
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 61
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
2.5 kW solar array, Where?
UniSolar PV Shingles in Speonk, NY
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 62
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Solar Electric Roof with Atlantis SunSlates
50 year warranty!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 63
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Don’t like “panels”? Try
photovoltaic roofing!
Unisolar PV Laminates stick to
Galvalume metal roof.
7 kW on “Green Cinderella”
in Brooklyn NY
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 64
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Atlantis Energy
Day-lighting PV
Light AND electricity
for your building!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 65
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Interconnection Rules
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 66
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works Certified Devices
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 67
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Cost of Solar Electricity
SUV Life expectancy: 8 years 4 kW Solar Electric System
Life expectancy: 35 years
These things both cost $40,000
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 68
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
How much photovoltaics do YOU need for your house?
Your Load in KILOWATT-HOURS per year
Divided by
Hours of Full Sun x system efficiency
If your yearly load is 5000 kWh, the sun in Ithaca is
1496 Hours of Full Sun per year and
the system efficiency is 75% (typical)
then the PV system you will need to run it is:
5000/ (1496 x 0.75) = 4.46 kW Photovoltaic System
South roof, NO shade
4.46 kW requires about 356 square feet of roof.
For irradiance data in your area, visit www.nrel.gov
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 69
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Cost of Solar Electricity
The 4.46 kW PV system will cost around $44,600 (or $10/Watt).
Words to the Wise:
But what you pay is: • Larger systems cost less per Watt.
$44600 • Solar roofing costs more per Watt than panels.
• Battery backup adds $7000 to the cost.
-$17,840 • Roof mounts are less expensive than ground-mounts
---------- • Some contractors are less expensive than others
$26760 • Some contractors are better qualified than others
You can finance up to $20,000 with the Energy Smart Loan
Then at tax time, you get up to $5000 NYS CREDIT
and up to $2000 Federal tax credit
So the cost is ultimately less than $20,000
So it is comparable to buying a new car.
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 70
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
New York Encourages Solar Power
You get $4/W discount on solar electric systems
Up to $5000 tax credit
Low interest Energy Smart Loan
Even the federal government is beginning to feel the sunshine
In 2006 and 2007, you get up to $2000 federal tax
credit on solar energy systems
For more incentive info see: www.dsireusa.org
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 71
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works Syracuse NY
Look at all that roof space crying out for photovoltaics!
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 72
Dr. Gay E. Canough
ETM Solar Works
Google Earth your Town to Prospect for Roof Space
The MOST, Syracuse, NY
May 18,2006 NYSERDA Energy Town Meeting 73
