Standard Semester Exam Review
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____ 1. The horizontal motion of a horizontally launched projectile affects its vertical motion.
____ 2. The SI system uses three base units.
____ 3. The number of significant digits in the mass of a body measuring 4200.0 kg is 2.
____ 4.
y
14 C
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
Speed (m/s)
6 B M
5
4
3
2
1
A
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 x
Time (s)
The acceleration of the above graph is 1.25 m/s2.
____ 5. In a chosen coordinate system, the position of an object in motion can have negative values.
____ 6. The slope of a position-time graph of an object gives the speed of the object.
____ 7. A time interval is a scalar quantity.
____ 8. The position-time graph of an object moving with a constant average velocity is always a straight line.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 9. 1 micrometer (1 µm) equals:
a. 10–3 m c. 103 m
–6
b. 10 m d. 106 m
____ 10. What is the number of significant digits in the measurement 34.000 m?
a. 2 c. 4
b. 3 d. 5
____ 11. The slope of the graph given below is:
a. b. c. d.
____ 12. A car is moving with a uniform speed of 15.0 m/s along a straight path. What is the distance covered by the
car in 12.0 minutes?
a. 1.02 0–3 km c. 8.00 0–5 km
–1
b. 1.80 0 km d. 1.08 01 km
____ 13. Which of the following is a pair of vector quantities?
a. Speed — Distance c. Velocity — Displacement
b. Velocity — Distance d. Speed — Displacement
____ 14. What is the resultant of two displacement vectors having the same direction?
a. The resultant is the sum of the two displacements having the same direction as the original
vectors.
b. The resultant is the difference of the two displacements having the same direction as the
original vectors.
c. The resultant is the sum of the two displacements having the direction opposite to the
direction of the original vectors.
d. The resultant is the sum of the two displacements having the direction perpendicular to the
direction of the original vectors.
____ 15. A man starts his car from rest and accelerates at 1 m/s2 for 2 seconds. He then continues at a constant velocity
for 10 seconds until he sees a tree blocking the road and applies brakes. The car, decelerating at 1 m/s2, finally
comes to rest. Which of the following graphs represents the motion correctly?
a. v (m/s) c. 38
v (m/s)
30 36
28 34
26 32
30
24 28
22 26
20 24
18 22
16 20
18
14 16
12 14
10 12
8 10
6 8
6
4 4
2 2
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 t (s) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 t (s)
b. 10
v (m/s) d. 10
v (m/s)
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
5 10 15 20 25 t (s) 5 10 15 20 25 t (s)
____ 16. Which of the following system of forces provides the block the highest net force?
a. c.
11 N 71 N 227 N 153 N
b. d.
405 N 403 N 22.7 N 15.3 N
____ 17. The path of a projectile through space is called its:
a. equilibrant c. range
b. torque d. trajectory
____ 18. A soldier throws a grenade horizontally from the top of a cliff. Which of the following curves best describes
the path taken by the grenade?
a. Circle c. Hyperbola
b. Ellipse d. Parabola
____ 19. A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a 25.00-m cliff. The stone lands at a distance of 40.00 m from
the edge of the cliff. What is the initial horizontal velocity of the stone?
a. 2.260 m/s c. 17.70 m/s
b. 15.60 m/s d. 22.05 m/s
____ 20. A ball is thrown horizontally at 10.0 m/s from the top of a hill 50.0 m high. How far from the base of the cliff
would the ball hit the ground?
a. 23.6 m c. 31.9 m
b. 26.4 m d. 45.0 m
____ 21. A ball is thrown horizontally from a hill 29.0 m high at a velocity of 4.00 m/s. Find the distance between the
base of the hill and the point where the ball hits the ground.
a. 2.43 m c. 10.06 m
b. 9.73 m d. 3.28 m
____ 22. A player kicks a football at an angle of 30.0° above the horizontal. The football has an initial velocity of 20.0
m/s. Find the horizontal component of the velocity and the maximum height attained by the football.
a. 10.0 m/s, 17.6 m c. 25.1 m/s, 7.40 m
b. 17.3 m/s, 5.10 m d. 30.3 m/s, 9.50 m
____ 23. A missile launches at a velocity of 30.0 m/s at an angle of 30.0° to the normal. What is the maximum height
the missile attains?
a. 11.5 m c. 34.4 m
b. 27.5 m d. 45.9 m
____ 24. A player kicks a football with an initial velocity of 3.00 m/s at an angle of 60.0° above the horizontal. What is
the horizontal distance traveled by the football?
a. 0.312 m c. 0.673 m
b. 0.397 m d. 0.795 m
____ 25. What is the volume of a cube whose side is 10 cm?
a. 10–3 m3 c. 102 m3
b. 10 m3 d. 103 m3
____ 26. According to Boyles’ law, PV = constant. If a graph is plotted with the pressure P against the volume V, the
graph would be a(n):
a. straight line c. hyperbola
b. parabola d. ellipse
____ 27. The time period T of a simple pendulum is given by the relation , where L is the length of the
pendulum and g is the acceleration due to gravity at the place. From the above relation, we can say that:
a. T g c. T2 g
b. T L d. T2 L
____ 28. According to the scientific method, why does a physicist make observations and collect data?
a. to decide which parts of a problem are important
b. to ask a question
c. to make an interpretation
d. to solve all problems
____ 29. According to the scientific method, how does a physicist formulate and objectively test hypotheses?
a. by defending an opinion c. by experiments
b. by interpreting graphs d. by stating conclusions
____ 30. What two dimensions, in addition to mass, are commonly used by physicists to derive additional
measurements?
a. length and width c. length and time
b. area and mass d. velocity and time
____ 31. The symbol mm represents a
a. micrometer. c. megameter.
b. millimeter. d. manometer.
____ 32. The SI base unit used to measure mass is the
a. meter. c. kilogram.
b. second. d. liter.
____ 33. The SI base unit for time is
a. 1 day. c. 1 minute.
b. 1 hour. d. 1 second.
____ 34. The most appropriate SI unit for measuring the length of an automobile is the
a. micron. c. meter.
b. kilometer. d. nanometer.
____ 35. The radius of Earth is 6 370 000 m. Express this measurement in km in scientific notation with the correct
number of significant digits.
a. km c. km
b. km d. km
____ 36. A lack of precision in scientific measurements typically arises from
a. limitations of the measuring instrument.
b. human error.
c. lack of calibration.
d. too many significant figures.
____ 37. How does a scientist reduce the frequency of human error and minimize a lack of accuracy?
a. Take repeated measurements.
b. Use the same method of measurement.
c. Maintain instruments in good working order.
d. all of the above
____ 38. Three values were obtained for the mass of a metal bar: 8.83 g; 8.84 g; 8.82 g. The known mass is 10.68 g.
The values are
a. accurate. c. both accurate and precise.
b. precise. d. neither accurate nor precise.
____ 39. Calculate the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant
figures: 21.4 + 15 + 17.17 + 4.003
a. c.
b. d.
____ 40. Calculate the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant
figures: 10.5 8.8 3.14
a. 2.9 10 c.
b. 290.136 d. 290
____ 41. Calculate the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant
figures: (0.82 + 0.042)(4.4 10 )
a. 3.8 10 c. 3.784 10
b. 3.78 10 d. 3784
____ 42. A weather balloon records the temperature every hour. From the table above, the temperature
a. increases. c. remains constant.
b. decreases. d. decreases and then increases.
____ 43. The time required to make a trip of 100.0 km is measured at various speeds. From the graph above, what
speed will allow the trip to be made in 2 hours?
a. 20.0 km/h c. 50.0 km/h
b. 40.0 km/h d. 90.0 km/h
____ 44. Which of the following equations best describes the graph above?
a. y = 2x c. y = x
b. y = x d. y = x
____ 45. Which of the following equations best describes the graph above?
a. y = x + 1 c. y = –x + 1
b. y = x – 1 d. y = –x – 1
____ 46. The Greek letter (delta) indicates a(n)
a. difference or change. c. direct proportion.
b. sum or total. d. inverse proportion.
____ 47. Estimate the order of magnitude of the length of a football field.
a. 10 m c. 10 m
b. 10 m d. 10 m
____ 48. The sun is composed mostly of hydrogen. The mass of the sun is 2.0 10 kg, and the mass of a hydrogen
atom is 1.67 10 kg. Estimate the number of atoms in the sun.
a. 10 c. 10
b. 10 d. 10
____ 49. What is the speed of an object at rest?
a. 0.0 m/s c. 9.8 m/s
b. 1.0 m/s d. 9.81 m/s
____ 50. Which of the following is the equation for average velocity?
a. c. v = xt
b. d.
____ 51. Which of the following situations represents a negative displacement? (Assume positive position is measured
vertically upward along a y-axis.)
a. A cat stands on a tree limb.
b. A cat jumps from the ground onto a tree limb.
c. A cat jumps from a lower tree limb to a higher one.
d. A cat jumps from a tree limb to the ground.
____ 52. Which of the following units is the SI unit of velocity?
a. meter c. meter per second
b. metersecond d. second per meter
____ 53. In the graph above, what is the correct description of any location to the left of the zero?
a. negative displacement c. negative position
b. negative distance d. negative change of displacement
____ 54. In the graph above, a toy car rolls from +3 m to +5 m. Which of the following statements is true?
a. xf = +3 m c. x = +3 m
b. xi = +3 m d. vavg = 3 m/s
____ 55. Suppose you are given a position versus time graph. The slope of a line drawn tangent to a point on the curve
of this graph describes what quantity?
a. acceleration c. instantaneous velocity
b. displacement d. position
____ 56. According to the graph above, during which interval is the cat at rest?
a. 0.0–5.0 s c. 10.0–15.0 s
b. 5.0–10.0 s d. 15.0–20.0 s
____ 57. According to the graph above, the cat has the fastest speed during which interval?
a. 0.0–5.0 s c. 10.0–15.0 s
b. 5.0–10.0 s d. 15.0–20.0 s
____ 58. According to the graph above, during which interval does the cat have the greatest positive velocity?
a. 0.0–5.0 s c. 10.0–15.0 s
b. 5.0–10.0 s d. 15.0–20.0 s
____ 59. Which of the following line segments on a position versus time graph is physically impossible?
a. a horizontal line c. a straight line that slopes to the right
b. a straight line that slopes to the left d. a vertical line
____ 60. Acceleration is defined as
a. a rate of displacement. c. the change in velocity.
b. the rate of change of displacement. d. the rate of change of velocity.
____ 61. Which of the following is the equation for acceleration?
a. c. a = vt
b. d.
____ 62. What is the SI unit of acceleration?
a. m/s c. m/s
b. m /s d. ms
____ 63. If you know the acceleration of a car, its initial velocity, and the time interval, which of the following can you
predict?
a. the direction of the car’s final velocity
b. the magnitude of the car’s final velocity
c. the displacement of the car
d. all of the above
____ 64. When a car’s velocity is positive and its acceleration is negative, what is happening to the car’s motion?
a. The car slows down. c. The car travels at constant speed.
b. The car speeds up. d. The car remains at rest.
____ 65. When a car’s velocity is negative and its acceleration is negative, what is happening to the car’s motion?
a. The car slows down. c. The car travels at constant speed.
b. The car speeds up. d. The car remains at rest.
____ 66. The graph above describes the motion of a cyclist. The graph illustrates that the acceleration of the cyclist
a. is constant. c. increases.
b. decreases. d. is zero.
____ 67. The graph above describes the motion of a cyclist. During the interval shown, the cyclist is
a. slowing down. c. traveling at the same speed.
b. speeding up. d. at rest.
____ 68. What does the graph above illustrate about acceleration?
a. The acceleration varies.
b. The acceleration is zero.
c. The acceleration is constant.
d. The acceleration increases then becomes constant.
____ 69. In the graph above, how does the acceleration at A compare with the acceleration at B?
a. The acceleration at A is positive and less than the acceleration at B.
b. The acceleration at B is positive and less than the acceleration at A.
c. The accelerations at A and B are each zero.
d. The accelerations at A and B cannot be determined.
____ 70. Which of the following line segments on a velocity versus time graph is physically impossible?
a. horizontal line c. straight line with negative slope
b. straight line with positive slope d. vertical line
____ 71. The graph above describes the motion of a ball. At what point does the ball have an instantaneous velocity of
zero?
a. A c. C
b. B d. D
____ 72. The graph above describes the motion of a ball. At what point is the speed of the ball equal to its speed at B?
a. A c. D
b. C d. none of the above
____ 73. The graph above describes the motion of a ball. At what point is the velocity of the ball equal to its velocity at
B?
a. A c. D
b. C d. none of the above
____ 74. Acceleration due to gravity is also called
a. negative velocity. c. free-fall acceleration.
b. displacement. d. instantaneous acceleration.
____ 75. Which of the following statements applies to the motion of a ball rising and then falling in free fall?
I. The ball has constant acceleration as it moves upward.
II. The ball has constant acceleration at the top of its path.
III. The ball has constant acceleration as it moves downward.
a. I only
b. III only
c. I and III
d. I, II, and III
____ 76. A baseball catcher throws a ball vertically upward and catches it in the same spot as it returns to the mitt. At
what point in the ball’s path does it experience zero velocity and nonzero acceleration at the same time?
a. midway on the way up
b. at the top of its path
c. the instant it leaves the catcher’s hand
d. the instant before it arrives in the catcher’s mitt
____ 77. When there is no air resistance, objects of different masses dropped from rest
a. fall with equal accelerations and with equal displacements.
b. fall with different accelerations and with different displacements.
c. fall with equal accelerations and with different displacements.
d. fall with different accelerations and with equal displacements.
____ 78. Objects that are falling toward Earth in free fall move
a. faster and faster. c. at a constant velocity.
b. slower and slower. d. slower then faster.
____ 79. Which would hit the ground first if dropped from the same height in a vacuum—a feather or a metal bolt?
a. the feather
b. the metal bolt
c. They would hit the ground at the same time.
d. They would be suspended in a vacuum.
____ 80. Which would fall with greater acceleration in a vacuum—a leaf or a stone?
a. the leaf
b. the stone
c. They would accelerate at the same rate.
d. It is difficult to determine without more information.
____ 81. Which of the following is a physical quantity that has a magnitude but no direction?
a. vector c. resultant
b. scalar d. frame of reference
____ 82. Which of the following is a physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction?
a. vector c. resultant
b. scalar d. frame of reference
____ 83. Which of the following is an example of a vector quantity?
a. velocity c. volume
b. temperature d. mass
____ 84. Identify the following quantities as scalar or vector: the mass of an object, the number of leaves on a tree,
wind velocity.
a. vector, scalar, scalar c. scalar, vector, scalar
b. scalar, scalar, vector d. vector, scalar, vector
____ 85. Identify the following quantities as scalar or vector: the speed of a snail, the time it takes to run a mile, the
free-fall acceleration.
a. vector, scalar, scalar c. vector, scalar, vector
b. scalar, scalar, vector d. scalar, vector, vector
____ 86. In the figure above, which diagram represents the vector addition C = A + B?
a. I c. III
b. II d. IV
____ 87. In the figure above, which diagram represents the vector subtraction C = A–B?
a. I c. III
b. II d. IV
____ 88. For the winter, a duck flies 10.0 m/s due south against a gust of wind with a speed of 2.5 m/s. What is the
resultant velocity of the duck?
a. 12.5 m/s south c. 7.5 m/s south
b. –12.5 m/s south d. –7.5 m/s south
____ 89. An ant on a picnic table travels 3.0 10 cm eastward, then 25 cm northward, and finally 15 cm westward.
What is the magnitude of the ant’s displacement relative to its original position?
a. 70 cm c. 52 cm
b. 57 cm d. 29 cm
____ 90. How many displacement vectors shown in the figure above have horizontal components?
a. 2 c. 4
b. 3 d. 5
____ 91. How many displacement vectors shown in the figure above have components that lie along the y-axis and are
pointed in the –y direction?
a. 0 c. 3
b. 2 d. 5
____ 92. Which displacement vectors shown in the figure above have vertical components that are equal?
a. d and d c. d and d
b. d and d d. d and d
____ 93. Which of the following is the motion of objects moving in two dimensions under the influence of gravity?
a. horizontal velocity c. vertical velocity
b. directrix d. projectile motion
____ 94. Which of the following is an example of projectile motion?
a. a jet lifting off a runway
b. a thrown baseball
c. an aluminum can dropped straight down into the recycling bin
d. a space shuttle being launched
____ 95. Which of the following is not an example of projectile motion?
a. a volleyball served over a net c. a hot-air balloon drifting toward Earth
b. a baseball hit by a bat d. a long jumper in action
____ 96. What is the path of a projectile (in the absence of friction)?
a. a wavy line
b. a parabola
c. a hyperbola
d. Projectiles do not follow a predictable path.
____ 97. Which of the following exhibits parabolic motion?
a. a stone thrown into a lake c. a leaf falling from a tree
b. a space shuttle orbiting Earth d. a train moving along a flat track
____ 98. Which of the following does not exhibit parabolic motion?
a. a frog jumping from land into water
b. a basketball thrown to a hoop
c. a flat piece of paper released from a window
d. a baseball thrown to home plate
The figure above shows the path of a ball tossed from a building. Air resistance is ignored.
____ 99. At what point of the ball’s path shown in the figure above is the vertical component of the ball’s velocity
zero?
a. A c. C
b. B d. D
____ 100. In the figure above, the magnitude of the ball’s velocity is least at location
a. A. c. C.
b. B. d. D.
____ 101. In the figure above, the magnitude of the ball’s velocity is greatest at location
a. A. c. C.
b. B. d. D.
____ 102. In the figure above, the horizontal component of the ball’s velocity at A is
a. zero.
b. equal to the vertical component of the ball’s velocity at C.
c. equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the horizontal component of the ball’s
velocity at D.
d. equal to the horizontal component of its initial velocity.
____ 103. In the figure above, at which point is the ball’s speed about equal to the speed at which it was tossed?
a. A c. C
b. B d. D
____ 104. A track star in the long jump goes into the jump at 12 m/s and launches herself at 20.0° above the horizontal.
What is the magnitude of her horizontal displacement? (Assume no air resistance and that a = –g = –9.81
m/s .)
a. 4.6 m c. 13 m
b. 9.2 m d. 15 m
____ 105. Which of the following is a coordinate system for specifying the precise location of objects in space?
a. x-axis c. frame of reference
b. y-axis d. diagram
____ 106. A passenger on a bus moving east sees a man standing on a curb. From the passenger’s perspective, the man
appears to
a. stand still.
b. move west at a speed that is less than the bus’s speed.
c. move west at a speed that is equal to the bus’s speed.
d. move east at a speed that is equal to the bus’s speed.
____ 107. A piece of chalk is dropped by a teacher walking at a speed of 1.5 m/s. From the teacher’s perspective, the
chalk appears to fall
a. straight down. c. straight down and forward.
b. straight down and backward. d. straight backward.
____ 108. Which of the following is the cause of an acceleration?
a. speed c. force
b. inertia d. velocity
____ 109. Which of the following statements does not describe force?
a. Force causes objects at rest to remain stationary.
b. Force causes objects to start moving.
c. Force causes objects to stop moving.
d. Force causes objects to change direction.
____ 110. What causes a moving object to change direction?
a. acceleration c. inertia
b. velocity d. force
____ 111. Which of the following forces arises from direct physical contact between two objects?
a. gravitational force c. contact force
b. fundamental force d. field force
____ 112. A newton is equivalent to which of the following quantities?
a. kg c. kgm/s
b. kgm/s d. kg(m/s)
____ 113. The length of a force vector represents the
a. cause of the force. c. magnitude of the force.
b. direction of the force. d. type of force.
____ 114. A free-body diagram represents all of the following except
a. the object. c. forces exerted by the object.
b. forces as vectors. d. forces exerted on the object.
____ 115. The free-body diagram shown above represents a car being pulled by a towing cable. In the diagram, which of
the following is the gravitational force acting on the car?
a. 5800 N c. 14 700 N
b. 775 N d. 13 690 N
____ 116. The free-body diagram shown above represents a car being pulled by a towing cable. In the diagram, the 5800
N force is
a. the gravitational force acting on the car.
b. the backward force the road exerts on the car.
c. the upward force the road exerts on the car.
d. the force exerted by the towing cable on the car.
____ 117. A free-body diagram of a ball falling in the presence of air resistance would show
a. only a downward arrow to represent the force of air resistance.
b. only a downward arrow to represent the force due to gravity.
c. a downward arrow to represent the force due to gravity and an upward arrow to represent
the force of air resistance.
d. an upward arrow to represent the force due to gravity and a downward arrow to represent
the force of air resistance.
____ 118. In the free-body diagram shown above, which of the following is the gravitational force acting on the
balloon?
a. 1520 N c. 4050 N
b. 950 N d. 5120 N
____ 119. Which of the following is the tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion?
a. acceleration c. force
b. inertia d. velocity
____ 120. A late traveler rushes to catch a plane, pulling a suitcase with a force directed 30.0 above the horizontal. If
the horizontal component of the force on the suitcase is 60.6 N, what is the force exerted on the handle?
a. 53.0 N c. 65.2 N
b. 70.0 N d. 95.6 N
____ 121. A car goes forward along a level road at constant velocity. The additional force needed to bring the car into
equilibrium is
a. greater than the normal force times the coefficient of static friction.
b. equal to the normal force times the coefficient of static friction.
c. the normal force times the coefficient of kinetic friction.
d. zero.
____ 122. As an object falls toward Earth,
a. the object does not exert a force on Earth.
b. the object exerts a downward force on Earth.
c. Newton’s third law does not apply.
d. the upward acceleration of Earth is negligible because of its large mass.
____ 123. If a nonzero net force is acting on an object, then the object is definitely
a. at rest. c. being accelerated.
b. moving with a constant velocity. d. losing mass.
____ 124. A net force of 6.8 N accelerates a 31 kg scooter across a level parking lot. What is the magnitude of the
scooter’s acceleration?
a. 0.22 m/s c. 3.2 m/s
b. 0.69 m/s d. 4.6 m/s
____ 125. Two perpendicular forces, one of 45.0 N directed upward and the other of 60.0 N directed to the right, act
simultaneously on an object with a mass of 35.0 kg. What is the magnitude of the resultant acceleration of the
object?
a. 2.14 m/s c. 5.25 m/s
b. 3.00 m/s d. 1.41 m/s
____ 126. The statement by Newton that for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction is which of his laws of
motion?
a. first c. third
b. second d. fourth
____ 127. Which are simultaneous equal but opposite forces resulting from the interaction of two objects?
a. net external forces c. gravitational forces
b. field forces d. action-reaction pairs
____ 128. Newton’s third law of motion involves the interactions of
a. one object and one force. c. two object and one force.
b. one object and two forces. d. two objects and two forces.
____ 129. A hammer drives a nail into a piece of wood. Identify an action-reaction pair in this situation.
a. The nail exerts a force on the hammer; the hammer exerts a force on the wood.
b. The hammer exerts a force on the nail; the wood exerts a force on the nail.
c. The hammer exerts a force on the nail; the nail exerts a force on the hammer.
d. The hammer exerts a force on the nail; the hammer exerts a force on the wood.
____ 130. A hockey stick hits a puck on the ice. Identify an action-reaction pair in this situation.
a. The stick exerts a force on the puck; the puck exerts a force on the stick.
b. The stick exerts a force on the puck; the puck exerts a force on the ice.
c. The puck exerts a force on the stick; the stick exerts a force on the ice.
d. The stick exerts a force on the ice; the ice exerts a force on the puck.
____ 131. A leaf falls from a tree and lands on the sidewalk. Identify an action-reaction pair in this situation.
a. The tree exerts a force on the leaf; the sidewalk exerts a force on the leaf.
b. The leaf exerts a force on the sidewalk; the sidewalk exerts a force on the leaf.
c. The leaf exerts a force on the tree; the sidewalk exerts a force on the leaf.
d. The leaf exerts a force on the sidewalk; the tree exerts a force on the leaf.
____ 132. A ball is dropped from a person’s hand and falls to Earth. Identify an action-reaction pair in this situation.
a. The hand exerts a force on the ball; Earth exerts a force on the hand.
b. Earth exerts a force on the ball; the hand exerts a force on Earth.
c. Earth exerts a force on the hand; the hand exerts a force on the ball.
d. Earth exerts a force on the ball; the ball exerts a force on Earth.
____ 133. The magnitude of the gravitational force acting on an object is
a. frictional force. c. inertia.
b. weight. d. mass.
____ 134. A measure of the quantity of matter is
a. density. c. force.
b. weight. d. mass.
____ 135. A change in the gravitational force acting on an object will affect the object’s
a. mass. c. weight.
b. coefficient of static friction. d. inertia.
____ 136. A sled weighing 1.0 10 N is held in place on a frictionless 20.0 slope by a rope attached to a stake at the
top. The rope is parallel to the slope. What is the normal force of the slope acting on the sled?
a. 94 N c. 37 N
b. 47 N d. 34 N
____ 137. What are the units of the coefficient of friction?
a. N c. N
b. 1/N d. The coefficient of friction has no units.
____ 138. In which of the following sentences is work used in the scientific sense of the word?
a. Holding a heavy box requires a lot of work.
b. A scientist works on an experiment in the laboratory.
c. Sam and Rachel pushed hard, but they could do no work on the car.
d. John learned that shoveling snow is hard work.
____ 139. A force does work on an object if a component of the force
a. is perpendicular to the displacement of the object.
b. is parallel to the displacement of the object.
c. perpendicular to the displacement of the object moves the object along a path that returns
the object to its starting position.
d. parallel to the displacement of the object moves the object along a path that returns the
object to its starting position.
____ 140. Work is done when
a. the displacement is not zero.
b. the displacement is zero.
c. the force is zero.
d. the force and displacement are perpendicular.
____ 141. If the sign of work is negative,
a. the displacement is perpendicular to the force.
b. the displacement is in the direction opposite the force.
c. the displacement is in the same direction as the force.
d. no work is done.
____ 142. In which of the following scenarios is work done?
a. A weightlifter holds a barbell overhead for 2.5 s.
b. A construction worker carries a heavy beam while walking at constant speed along a flat
surface.
c. A car decelerates while traveling on a flat stretch of road.
d. A student holds a spring in a compressed position.
____ 143. In which of the following scenarios is no net work done?
a. A car accelerates down a hill.
b. A car travels at constant speed on a flat road.
c. A car decelerates on a flat road.
d. A car decelerates as it travels up a hill.
____ 144. A child moving at constant velocity carries a 2 N ice-cream cone 1 m across a level surface. What is the net
work done on the ice-cream cone?
a. 0 J c. 2 J
b. 0.5 J d. 20 J
____ 145. A worker does 25 J of work lifting a bucket, then sets the bucket back down in the same place. What is the
total net work done on the bucket?
a. –25 J c. 25 J
b. 0 J d. 50 J
____ 146. A construction worker pushes a wheelbarrow 5.0 m with a horizontal force of 50.0 N. How much work is
done by the worker on the wheelbarrow?
a. 10 J c. 250 J
b. 55 J d. 1250 J
____ 147. A horizontal force of 200 N is applied to move a 55 kg television set across a 10 m level surface. What is the
work done by the 200 N force on the television set?
a. 550 J c. 6000 J
b. 2000 J d. 11000 J
____ 148. A child pulls a balloon for 12 m with a force of 1.0 N at an angle 60 below horizontal. How much work does
the child do on the balloon?
a. –10 J c. 6.0 J
b. –6.0 J d. 12 J
____ 149. Which of the following energy forms is associated with an object in motion?
a. potential energy c. nonmechanical energy
b. elastic potential energy d. kinetic energy
____ 150. Which of the following energy forms is associated with an object due to its position?
a. potential energy c. total energy
b. positional energy d. kinetic energy
____ 151. Which of the following energy forms is not involved in hitting a tennis ball?
a. kinetic energy c. gravitational potential energy
b. chemical potential energy d. elastic potential energy
____ 152. Ball A has triple the mass and speed of ball B. What is the ratio of the kinetic energy of ball A to ball B.
a. 3 c. 9
b. 6 d. 27
____ 153. What is the kinetic energy of a 0.135 kg baseball thrown at 40.0 m/s?
a. 54.0 J c. 108 J
b. 87.0 J d. 216 J
____ 154. What is the potential energy of a 1.0 kg mass 1.0 m above the ground?
a. 1.0 J c. 10 J
b. 9.8 J d. 96 J
____ 155. Which of the following is a true statement about the conservation of energy?
a. Potential energy is always conserved.
b. Kinetic energy is always conserved.
c. Mechanical energy is always conserved.
d. Total energy is always conserved.
____ 156. A 3.00 kg toy falls from a height of 1.00 m. What will the kinetic energy of the toy be just before the toy hits
the ground? (Assume no air resistance and that g = 9.81 m/s .)
a. 0.98 J c. 29.4 J
b. 9.8 J d. 294 J
____ 157. Which of the following is the rate at which energy is transferred?
a. potential energy c. mechanical energy
b. kinetic energy d. power
____ 158. Which of the following is the rate at which work is done?
a. potential energy c. mechanical energy
b. kinetic energy d. power
____ 159. Which of the following are not units of power?
a. hp c. W
b. J d. Js
____ 160. How much power is required to lift a 2.0 kg mass at a speed of 2.0 m/s?
a. 2.0 J c. 9.8 J
b. 4.0 J d. 39 J
____ 161. What is the average power supplied by a 60.0 kg person running up a flight of stairs a vertical distance of 4.0
m in 4.2 s?
a. 57 W c. 560 W
b. 240 W d. 670 W
____ 162. Which of the following has the greatest power output?
a. a weightlifter who lifts a 250 N weight 2.1 m in 3.0 s
b. a mechanic’s lift that raises a 1.2 10 N car 2.1 m in 12 s
c. a car engine that does 1.2 10 J of work in 5.0 s
d. a crane that lifts a 2.5 10 N beam at a speed of 1.2 m/s
____ 163. A more powerful motor can do
a. more work in a longer time interval.
b. the same work in a shorter time interval.
c. less work in a longer time interval.
d. the same work in a longer time interval.
____ 164. What are the SI units for momentum?
a. Nm c. kgm/s
b. J d. kgm/s
____ 165. A child with a mass of 23 kg rides a bike with a mass of 5.5 kg at a velocity of 4.5 m/s to the south. Compare
the momentum of the child with the momentum of the bike.
a. Both the child and the bike have the same momentum.
b. The bike has a greater momentum than the child.
c. The child has a greater momentum than the bike.
d. Neither the child nor the bike has momentum.
____ 166. Which of the following has the greatest momentum?
a. a tortoise with a mass of 275 kg moving at a velocity of 0.55 m/s
b. a hare with a mass of 2.7 kg moving at a velocity of 7.5 m/s
c. a turtle with a mass of 91 kg moving at a velocity of 1.4 m/s
d. a roadrunner with a mass of 1.8 kg moving at a velocity of 6.7 m/s
____ 167. A person sitting in a chair with wheels stands up, causing the chair to roll backward across the floor. The
momentum of the chair
a. was zero while stationary and increased when the person stood.
b. was greatest while the person sat in the chair.
c. remained the same.
d. was zero when the person got out of the chair and increased while the person sat.
____ 168. A rubber ball moving at a speed of 5 m/s hit a flat wall and returned to the thrower at 5 m/s. The magnitude of
the momentum of the rubber ball
a. increased. c. remained the same.
b. decreased. d. was not conserved.
____ 169. The change in an object’s momentum is equal to
a. the product of the mass of the object and the time interval.
b. the product of the force applied to the object and the time interval.
c. the time interval divided by the net external force.
d. the net external force divided by the time interval.
____ 170. Which of the following situations is an example of a visible change in momentum?
a. A hiker walks through a spider’s web. c. A volleyball hits a mosquito in the air.
b. A car drives over a pebble. d. A baseball is hit by a bat.
____ 171. A 0.2 kg baseball is pitched with a velocity of 40 m/s and is then batted to the pitcher with a velocity of 60
m/s. What is the magnitude of change in the ball’s momentum?
a. 2 kgm/s c. 8 kgm/s
b. 4 kgm/s d. 20 kgm/s
____ 172. The impulse experienced by a body is equivalent to the body’s change in
a. velocity. c. momentum.
b. kinetic energy. d. force.
____ 173. Two skaters stand facing each other. One skater’s mass is 60 kg, and the other’s mass is 72 kg. If the skaters
push away from each other without spinning,
a. the lighter skater has less momentum.
b. their momenta are equal but opposite.
c. their total momentum doubles.
d. their total momentum decreases.
____ 174. Two swimmers relax close together on air mattresses in a pool. One swimmer’s mass is 48 kg, and the other’s
mass is 55 kg. If the swimmers push away from each other,
a. their total momentum triples. c. their total momentum doubles.
b. their momenta are equal but opposite. d. their total momentum decreases.
____ 175. In a two-body collision,
a. momentum is always conserved.
b. kinetic energy is always conserved.
c. neither momentum nor kinetic energy is conserved.
d. both momentum and kinetic energy are always conserved.