What is Art?
“The conscious use of skill and
creative imagination in the
production of an aesthetic object”
Drawing Media
• Pencil
• Charcoal
• Pen and wash – ink
• Pastel
Painting Media
• Fresco –
buon and secco
• Tempera
• Oil
• Water color
• acrylic
Printmaking Media
• Woodblock
• Intaglio
• Lithograph
• Serigraph – silk
screen
Sculpture Media
• Marble
• Bronze
• Wood
• Steel
• Plastics
• Found materials
• Stone
Sculpture Methods
• Subtractive
• Additive
• Modeling
• Casting
Color
Value Form
Elements of Art
and Design
Space Line
texture Shape
Line
The movement of a pointed instrument over a surface leaving a mark.
•Zigzags have an aggressive, sharp quality
Wavy lines are more graceful, naturally
associated with the outline of the human
body
•Parallel lines are balanced and
harmonious, implying an endless,
continuous movement
•Perpendicular, converging and
intersecting lines meet and create a sense
of force and counterforce
•Thin lines seem delicate, unassertive,
even weak
•Thick lines seem aggressive, forceful,
strong
•Undulating (regular wavy) suggests
calmness
•Irregularly wavy line implies uneasiness,
irritation
Color
• Hue
• Primary colors
• Secondary colors
• Tertiary colors
• Complementary
• Monochromatic
• Analogous
• Warm/Cool
• Optical/Arbitrary
Value
• Degree of lightness/darkness of a color
• Can create the illusion of 3D on 2D surface
Shape
- Geometric:
have specific names
- Organic:
free form
Form
• Realistic/ Organic
• Geometric
• Needs value to
appear 3D
Texture
Real – looks and
feels the same
way
Simulated- painting
looks one way but
feels another
Cross-hatching
Hatching
Stippling
Blending
Space
Creating the
illusion of depth
on a flat surface
• Linear
Perspective
1pt & 2pt
Space
Space
background
Optical Perspective
• Size
• Value
Middle ground
• Placement
• Detail
foreground
Contrast
Rhythm Emphasis
Principles of
Design/Art
Pattern Balance
Unity Movement
Contrast
The arrangement of opposite elements (light vs. dark
colors, rough vs. smooth textures, large vs. small
shapes, etc.) in a piece so as to create visual interest,
excitement and drama.
Emphasis
• an element of a
piece is given
dominance by the
artist. In other
words, the artist
makes part of the
work stand out in
order to draw the
viewer's eye there
first.
Balance
Symmetrical balance –
mirror image; same on
both sides
Asymmetrical balance-
elements are placed
unevenly
Movement
Rhythm
• repetition of elements that helps to add balance and
harmony to the whole painting. It is seen in repeating of
shapes and colors. Alternating lights and darks also give
a sense of rhythm.
Pattern
• Created through repetitious use of the same
element to create an overall design
Unity
The harmony of all the visual elements in a
composition. Proportion and Variety.