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DRAFTING DESIGN TECHNOLOGY
Drafting Design Technology provides information for students interested in architectural, engineering,
and related drafting fields. Students develop skills using drafting instruments and gain valuable
knowledge using Computer-Aided Drafting (CAD) applications. Students acquire visualization,
sketching, and CAD drawing skills essential for a wide array of career opportunities in engineering
manufacturing and construction areas. Students employ higher-level thinking skills for problem-solving
techniques relative to Drafting Design Technology. Emphasis is placed on mechanical, architectural,
and 3-D design. Each program is certified through the American Drafting Design Association (ADDA),
a nationally recognized certifying agency. This program allows students the flexibility of earning from
one to six elective drafting credits. Articulation programs are in place to allow students to earn
postsecondary credit for courses taken at the high school level. This course offers students educational
experiences and SkillsUSA-VICA leadership activities that provide many opportunities to enhance
classroom instruction and career development.

INTRODUCTION TO DRAFTING DESIGN
Introduction to Drafting Design is a one-credit course that serves as an introduction to the Drafting
Design Technology field. It provides essential information that builds a strong foundation for the entire
program. Emphasis is placed on student safety, tools and procedures, geometric construction, sketching,
dimensioning practices, visualization, and orthographic projection concepts. Computer-Aided Drafting
(CAD) functions and techniques using CAD software applications are introduced. Upon successful
completion of this course, students are able to utilize the tools and interpret basic drafting standards to
complete a multiview drawing. This entry-level course may be taken as one of the optional technical
courses with credit applied to the Industrial Maintenance Technology program.

Students will:

Applied Mathematics for Drafting
1. Demonstrate skills in mathematical concepts related to drafting design technology.
 Basic fractions
 Reading fractional scales and measuring tools
 Conversion of fractional/decimal measurements
 Conversion of English/metric measurements
 Additional higher-level math concepts as applicable
Example: calculating thread depth and pitch
 Architectural computations
Examples: area, rise and run calculations

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 609
Drafting Instruments and Techniques
2. Demonstrate proper usage of drafting instruments.
 Safety
 Drawing media
 Drafting kits
Examples: lead holders, circle templates, scales
 Computer and software
 Reproduction of originals
Examples: print, plot, blueprint, photocopy

Lettering and Drawing Techniques
3. Demonstrate proper drafting techniques.
 Freehand lettering and/or software fonts
 Alphabet of lines and/or software line styles
 Geometric constructions
 Freehand sketching

Multiview Drawings
4. Construct basic multiview two-dimensional drawings.
 Visualization of views
 Third-angle projection
 Proper drawing scale selection
 Layout and balance of views

Basic Dimensioning
5. Apply dimensions and notes to multiview drawings.
 Dimensioning standards
Example: ANSI Y14.5M
 Decimal dimensioning
 Metric dimensioning

Fundamentals of CAD (Computer-Aided Drafting)
6. Utilize CAD software and a computer to generate a multiview drawing.
 Care of equipment
 Startup and shutdown procedures
 Starting and exiting a software program
 File management techniques
Examples: file creation, setup, saving files
 Basic drawing commands
Examples: line, ellipse, circle, scale
 Basic dimensioning techniques
Examples: linear, angular
 Print drawings

610 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
INTERMEDIATE MECHANICAL DESIGN

Intermediate Mechanical Design is a one-credit course designed to further the development of students'
knowledge regarding the use of drafting design practices and procedures. Students expand their ability
to illustrate more complex objects using the Computer-Aided Drafting (CAD) system. Topics include
sectioning, auxiliary views, threads and fasteners, pictorials, and the continuation of conventional
dimensioning practices. Upon successful completion of the course students are able to develop section
views, primary auxiliary views, thread representations and pictorial views; and apply dimensions
properly on a drawing. The prerequisite for this course is Introduction to Drafting Design.

Students will:

Section Views
1. Demonstrate the proper use of sectional view concepts.
 Cutting planes
 Section lining and/or hatching
 Full section
 Half section
 Broken-out section
 Offset section
 Revolved section
 Removed section

Auxiliary Views
2. Demonstrate the proper use of inclined surface concepts.
 Primary auxiliary view

Threads and Fasteners
3. Create different thread representations.
 Detailed
 Schematic
 Simplified

Pictorial Views
4. Illustrate axonometric drawings.
 Isometric
 Trimetric
 Dimetric

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 611
Dimensioning
5. Apply dimensions and notes relative to a drawing.
 CAD dimensioning techniques
Examples: angular, linear, circular
 Dual dimensioning
 Limit dimensioning
 Dimensioning symbols
Examples: counterbore, depth

612 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
ADVANCED MECHANICAL DESIGN

Advanced Mechanical Design is a one-credit course for students who are interested in engineering and
related mechanical drafting areas that provide more in-depth study of mechanical design. Emphasis is
placed on detailed parts drawings, bill of materials, and assembly drawings. Students are introduced to
basic Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) applications. Through intersections and
development, students acquire basic sheet metal forming knowledge. Using this knowledge, students
lay out and form models of geometric figures. Career readiness projects allow students opportunities to
research industry standards and practices. The prerequisite for this course is Intermediate Mechanical
Design.

Students will:

Geometric Tolerancing
1. Demonstrate basic geometric dimensioning and tolerancing concepts.
Example: reference–ANSI 14.5M

Auxiliary Views
2. Demonstrate the proper use of inclined surface concepts.
 Secondary auxiliary view
 Auxiliary section

Working Drawings
3. Demonstrate the ability to create a complete working drawing.
 Detailed parts drawing
 Detailed assembly drawing
 Bill of materials

Intersections and Developments
4. Utilize sheet metal developmental concepts.
 Laying out geometric figures
 Cutting and forming geometric figures

Introduction to 3-D Solid Model Design
5. Demonstrate the ability to create a basic solid model.

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 613
Career Readiness Project
6. Develop a career-related project based on current research.
 Research and design
Example: Internet research of the project
 Preparation
Example: creating a working drawing for the project
 Presentation
Example: using computer application software to organize a presentation for the
project

614 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
3-D SOLID MODEL DESIGN

3-D Solid Model Design is a one-credit course intended to provide students the opportunity to explore
3-D modeling. Emphasis is placed on working planes, profile creation, protrusions, and rendering
techniques. Students create 2-D part drawings relative to 3-D models. Advanced students may elect to
study the principles of 3-D animation. Students are encouraged to research, develop, and present a
career-related project. The prerequisite for this course is Intermediate Mechanical Design.

Students will:

Solid Modeling
1. Demonstrate the ability to visualize and create a 3-D solid model.
 Working plane
 Profile creation
 Protrusions
 Revolved protrusions
 Dimensioning/measuring
 Cutouts
 Holes
 Rendering/shading

File Translation
2. Demonstrate operations needed for converting 3-D geometry to a 2-D-part drawing.
 Conversion
 View creation
 Modification
 Dimensioning
 Presentation/printing

Multipart Assembly
3. Create a 3-D assembly.
 Part creation
 Part

Animation
4. Create an animated 3-D presentation.
 Creating
 Playing back/presenting

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 615
Career Readiness Project
5. Develop a career-related project based on current research.
 Research and design
Example: Internet research of the project
 Preparation
Examples: creating a 3-D solid model, gathering related technical data
 Presentation
Example: using computer application software to organize a presentation for the
project

616 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
INTRODUCTION TO ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Introduction to Architectural Design is a one-credit course that introduces students to the basic
terminology, concepts, and principles of Architectural Design field. Emphasis is placed on floor plan
layout, electrical layout, foundations, typical elevations, and section drawings. Upon successful
completion of this course, students are able to draw a basic residential architectural construction
drawing. The prerequisite for this course is Intermediate Mechanical Design.

Students will:

Residential Floor Plans
1. Demonstrate the ability to design a basic residential floor plan.
 Style
 Overall size requirements
 Interior room design
 Exterior design
 Window and door selection/placement
 Dimensioning standards and techniques
 Residential door and window schedule
 Block/cell creation
 Plumbing fixtures

Foundations
2. Demonstrate the ability to prepare a residential foundation plan.
 Footings
 Crawl space
 Monolithic slab
 Pier details
 Notes and dimensions

Electrical Plans
3. Prepare a residential electrical plan.
 Electrical symbols/wiring

Roof Design
4. Demonstrate knowledge of roof systems.
 Styles
Examples: gable, hip
 Pitch
 Overhang
 Roofing materials
Examples: fiberglass, slate, metal

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 617
Elevations
5. Create illustrations of exterior elevations.
 Front elevation
 Right- and left-side elevation
 Rear elevation

Sectional Drawings
6. Illustrate the components of a typical wall section.
 Crawl space
 Monolithic slab

618 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN II

Architectural Design II is a one-credit course that provides students with instruction regarding more
advanced and detailed architectural plans. Topics include multilevel floor plan layout, building
specifications, detailing, plumbing, and electrical plans with basic site plan layout. Students are
encouraged to research and develop a career readiness project with instructor’s approval. Upon
successful completion of this course, students are able to organize, lay out, and draw more advanced
level residential architectural plans. The prerequisite for this course is Introduction to Architectural
Design.

Students will:

Multilevel Residential Floor Plans
1. Demonstrate the ability to design a multilevel residential floor plan.
 Style
 Overall size requirements
 Interior room design
 Exterior design
 Window and door selection/placement
 Dimension techniques
 Basement plan

Building Specifications
2. Prepare specification sheets for a residential home design.
 Cost estimates
 Materials list

Miscellaneous Details
3. Demonstrate the ability to design a variety of details for a residential home.
 Typical stair detail
 Kitchen cabinet detail
 Fireplace detail

Elevations
4. Demonstrate the ability to prepare residential elevation plans.
 Front elevation
 Right-side elevation
 Left-side elevation
 Rear elevation

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 619
Roof Design
5. Demonstrate the ability to prepare a residential roof plan.
Examples: gable, hip

Residential Site Plan
6. Demonstrate the ability to locate a residential house on a site plan.
 Site layout
 Grade elevations

Career Readiness Project
7. Develop a career-related project based on current research.
 Research and design
Example: Internet research of the project
 Preparation
Example: creating a full set of working drawings for a residential construction
project
 Presentation
Examples: using computer application software to organize a presentation for the
project, incorporating 3-D models to enhance the presentation

620 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE TECHNOLOGY
Industrial Maintenance Technology provides classroom and laboratory experiences in current and
emerging technologies in industrial maintenance. The content standards are derived from occupational
analysis for this cluster. The Industrial Maintenance Technology program is designed to introduce
students to career possibilities in this field by providing basic instruction in different technical courses.
This curriculum provides practical orientation for pre-engineering students. Persons employed in this
field have detailed knowledge in several technical subject areas depending upon job requirements
stipulated by a particular manufacturer. The following areas of study may be offered.
 Precision Machining  Electrical
 Welding  Electronics
 Drafting  HVAC
 Pneumatics  Programmable Logic Controllers
 Hydraulics  Variable Frequency Drives
 Pipe Fitting  Computers
 Mechanic
The diverse requirements of this program area require various courses in related areas to be offered to
provide opportunities for students to expand upon knowledge gained in the preliminary electrical
course. Particular emphasis is given to the use of decision-making and problem-solving techniques in
applying science, mathematics, communication, and social studies concepts to solve technological
problems. In addition, instruction and training are provided in the proper care, maintenance, and use of
tools and equipment and all applicable local, state, and federal safety and environmental regulations.
Hands-on work experiences and SkillsUSA-VICA leadership activities provide many opportunities to
enhance classroom instruction and career development.

Certificate Requirements

The total amount of coursework requires three years of study.

1. Electrical courses are mandatory and require one year of study for a total of 280 clock-hours of
instruction. The electrical courses may be taken in any one of the three-year periods. The
electrical courses may be in any of the seven areas listed below. Flexibility is provided for both
students and local school systems by allowing the selection of two courses from the seven areas.
This allows students to take courses and determine their interest in an area. In the event students
determine they do not desire to complete studies in an area, they may select an alternate route
with little or no penalty.

 Basic Wiring  Commercial Wiring
 Industrial Wiring  AC/DC Motors and Basic Controls
 Direct Current  Programmable Logic Controllers
 Alternating Current

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 621
2. Two additional years of study for a total of 280 clock-hours may be offered in any of the
following areas of study.

 Introduction to Precision Machining Level I
 Introduction to Precision Machining Including CNC Level I
 Introduction to Welding Technology Level I
 Introduction to Drafting Level I
 Industrial Mechanics and Pneumatics
 HVAC

Introduction to Industrial Maintenance Technology Outline

A. The Manufacturing Process
 Engineering
 Research and Development
 Component Manufacturing
 Assembly
 Marketing
 Maintenance

B. Human Resources
 Corporate Structure
 Team Member Responsibilities
 Benefits

C. Maintenance Member Requirements
 Skills (single-craft, multicraft)
 Education (high school, technical college, apprenticeship)

622 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
BASIC WIRING

Basic Wiring covers a broad range of topics that provides students with a basic understanding of
electrical theory and wiring. The course addresses topics such as shop rules, job opportunities, safety,
tools, meters, measuring devices, DC/AC theory, wiring fundamentals, and National Electric Code
(NEC). Safety is the main focus at all times.

Students will:

Orientation
1. Summarize purposes, rules, and regulations relative to the Electrical Technology program.

2. Explain job opportunities related to the Electrical Technology program.

Safety
3. Apply safety rules, regulations, and procedures for the Electrical Technology program.
 First aid
 Shop
 Fire
 Electricity
 Equipment
 Tools

Tools
4. Demonstrate the proper use of hand and power tools related to the Industrial Maintenance
Technology program.

Meters
5. Demonstrate knowledge of meters.
 Analog
 Digital

Measuring and Levels
6. Demonstrate the proper use of measuring devices.
 Measuring tape
 Levels

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 623
DC Fundamentals
7. Summarize the history of electricity.

8. Identify electrical terms, components, and symbols.

9. Identify various ways of producing voltage.
 Chemical
 Magnetism
 Piezoelectricity
 Heat
 Light
 Friction

10. Identify various types of resistors and resistor color code.

11. Solve DC circuits for voltage, resistance, amperes, and watts.
 Series
 Parallel
 Series-parallel

12. Construct DC circuits and measure values.
 Series
 Parallel
 Series-parallel

AC Fundamentals
13. Identify electrical terms, components, and symbols.

14. Solve AC circuits for voltage, amperes, resistance, impedance, capacitance, inductance, volt-
amps, and power factors.

Wiring Fundamentals
15. Interpret the National Electrical Code (NEC).

16. Classify conductors and cables.

17. Demonstrate proper methods for making electrical connections.

18. Select the appropriate materials used in basic wiring.
 Types of boxes
 Types of fittings
 Types of wiring
 Types of conduit

624 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
19. Identify various switches.
 Single-pole
 Double-pole
 Three-way
 Four-way
 Dimmers

20. Identify various receptacles.
 Single receptacle
 120 V
 240 V
 Duplex receptacle
 Split-circuit duplex receptacle
 Special purpose outlet
 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI)

21. Identify different types of lighting circuits.
 Fluorescent
 Incandescent
 High pressure sodium
 High Intensity Discharge (HID)

22. Construct projects using various switches, receptacles, and lighting circuits.

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 625
INDUSTRIAL WIRING

Industrial Wiring provides students with information regarding the basic types of wiring for a factory.
Students have the opportunity to learn to bend and install types of conduit used on industrial sites.
Emphasis is placed on safety and the incorporation of National Electrical Code (NEC) requirements.

Students will:

Electrical Blueprints
1. Interpret electrical blueprints, symbols, and components.
 System grounds
 Lighting
 Panels
 Specifications

Overcurrent Protections
2. Identify and install overcurrent devices.
 Breakers
 Fuses
 Thermal overloads

Industrial Electrical Service
3. Install an industrial service entrance.
 Three-phase

Transformers
4. Install transformers.
 Single-phase
 Three-phase

Conduit Bending
5. Install conduit using various types of benders.
Examples: EMT, PVC, rigid

626 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
Industrial Lighting Circuit
6. Install an industrial lighting circuit.

7. Install different types of switches.

8. Install different types of receptacles.
 Single-phase
 Three-phase

National Electrical Code
9. Use the National Electrical Code (NEC) for interpreting proper procedures for industrial wiring.
 NEC terminology
 Definitions
 Learning the layout of the NEC
 Using the NEC

Safety
10. Apply safety rules, regulations, and procedures for industrial wiring.

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 627
AC/DC MOTORS AND CONTROLS

AC/DC Motors and Controls provides students with information regarding alternating and direct current
motors and Industrial Motor Controls. Students have the opportunity to learn ways to wire different
types of motors and install and wire different types of control devices for operating these motors.

Students will:

AC/DC Motors
1. Demonstrate various methods of connecting motors.
 AC motors
Examples: split-phase induction, capacitor start, capacitor run
 Three-phase induction
Examples: wye–high and low, delta–high and low
 DC motors
Examples: series, shunt, compound, permanent magnet

Electrical Controls and Devices
2. Identify symbols, components, terms, definitions, and devices for AC/DC motors and controls.

3. Demonstrate ways to draw and read a wiring, schematics, and line diagram.

4. Illustrate a motor control schematic.

5. Install manual and magnetic motor starters.
 Single-phase
 Three-phase

6. Install an electro-magnetic relay.

7. Install control devices.
 Push buttons
 Limit switches
 Drum switches
 Selector switches
 Float switches
 Pressure switches
 Photo cells
 Timers

8. Demonstrate the ability to wire a motor control station using a two-wire and a three-wire control.

9. Use the National Electrical Code (NEC) for interpreting proper procedures for motors and
controls.
 NEC terminology
 Definitions
 Learning the layout of the NEC

628 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
Basic Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)
10. Identify symbols, components, terms, definitions, and devices for PLC operations.

Ladder Diagrams
11. Draw and read a wiring schematic.

Numbering Systems
12. Demonstrate a knowledge of various numbering systems.
Examples: decimal, binary

Programming
13. Write and program a single PLC application.
 Pushbuttons
 Coils
 Timers
 Lights

Safety
14. Apply safety rules, regulations, and procedures for the Industrial Technology Maintenance
program.

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 629
DIRECT CURRENT

Direct Current, a one-credit course, provides students with information regarding atomic theory;
components; quantities and measurements; and characteristics of series, parallel, and combination
circuits. The resistor color code, Ohm’s law, power, and direct current sources are examined. Upon
successful completion of this course, students are able to solve and construct DC circuits. Students
receive both classroom instruction and hands-on laboratory experiences. A strong emphasis is placed
on proper safety practices and industry ethics.

Students will:

Sources
1. Identify structure and characteristics of the atom.

2. Explain the relationship of the atom to an electrical charge.
 Electrostatic field
 Law of charges

3. Identify sources of electricity.
 Chemical
Example: battery
 Mechanical
Example: generator
 Solar

Terminology and Symbols
4. Explain electrical terms.
 Direct current
 Voltage
 Resistance
 Power
 Conductors
 Insulators

5. Interpret electrical symbols.
Examples: unit symbols, schematic symbols

Components of a Basic Circuit
6. Identify components of a basic circuit.

630 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
Electrical Quantities and Measurements
7. Explain electrical quantities.
 Voltage
 Current
 Resistance
 Power

8. Define electrical units of measure.
 Volts
 Amperes
 Ohms
 Watts

9. Determine electrical quantities utilizing appropriate test equipment.
 Volts
 Ohms
 Amperes

Characteristics of Resistors
10. Identify different types of resistors.
 Fixed
 Variable

11. Determine resistance values using the standard resistor color code.

12. Determine electrical and physical characteristics of resistors.
Examples: watts, ohms

Ohm’s Law in DC Circuits
13. Solve problems in electrical circuits using Ohm’s law.
 Voltage
 Current
 Resistance
 Power

DC Circuits
14. Solve circuits using appropriate methods.
 Series
 Parallel
 Series-parallel

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 631
Circuit Construction
15. Demonstrate the ability to fabricate a circuit.
 Soldering
 Breadboarding

Troubleshooting
16. Demonstrate the ability to troubleshoot circuits.
 Opens
 Shorts

Safety
17. Apply safety rules, regulations, and procedures for the Industrial Maintenance Technology
program.

632 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
ALTERNATING CURRENT

Alternating Current, a one-credit course, provides students with information regarding measurement,
circuit analysis, reactive circuits, magnetism, power, and test equipment. Upon successful completion
of this course, students demonstrate understanding of reactive circuit construction and analysis and use
of test equipment. Students receive both classroom instruction and hands-on laboratory experiences. A
strong emphasis is placed on proper safety practices and industry ethics. The prerequisite for this course
is Direct Current.

Students will:

Terminology and Symbols
1. Explain electrical terms.
 Alternating current
 Frequency
 Period
 Sine wave
 Capacitance
 Inductance

2. Interpret electrical symbols.
Examples: unit symbols, schematic symbols

Magnetism
3. Explain terms and principles of electromagnetism.
 Permeability
 Retentivity
 Inductance

Electrical Quantities and Measurement
4. Explain electrical quantities.
 Frequency
 Impedance
 Power
 Capacitance
 Inductance
 Voltage
 Current

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 633
5. Define electrical units of measure.
 Volts
 Amperes
 Ohms
 Watts
 Hertzes
 Periods

6. Determine electrical quantities utilizing appropriate test equipment.
 Volts
 Frequency/period
 Amperes
 Power

Ohm’s Law in AC Circuits

7. Solve problems in electrical circuits using Ohm’s law.
 Voltage
 Current
 Impedance
 Power

Reactive Circuits
8. Solve resistive-capacitive circuits.

9. Solve resistive-inductive circuits.

10. Solve resistive-capacitive-inductive circuits.

11. Analyze filter circuits.
 Hi-pass
 Lo-pass
 Band pass
 Band stop

12. Demonstrate the ability to troubleshoot reactive circuits.

Safety
13. Apply safety rules, regulations, and procedures for the Industrial Maintenance Technology
program.

634 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
INTRODUCTION TO PRECISION MACHINING LEVEL I

Introduction to Precision Machining Level I is a one-credit course that provides an introduction to
manufacturing processes and job opportunities for students who are pursuing careers in manufacturing.
Topics include safety, mathematics, measurement, blueprint reading, layout, bench work, sawing,
drilling, turning, and grinding. Critical-thinking skills and principles of science are reinforced. Job
shadowing and internships are appropriate work-based learning strategies for this course.

Students will:

Orientation
1. Summarize purposes, rules, and regulations relative to the Industrial Maintenance Technology
program.
 Occupational objective
 Shop rules
 Code of conduct

Safety
2. Apply appropriate safety rules, regulations, and procedures for a variety of situations.
 Shop
 Fire
 Electricity
 Equipment
 Tools
 Inclement weather
 Intrusion

Blueprint Reading
3. Identify basic blueprint symbols and lines.
 Alphabet of lines
 Geometric symbols and tolerances
 Scales and rulers
 Single and multiview drawings

Basic Drill Press
4. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a drill press.
Example: maintenance–operating, cleaning, lubricating

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 635
5. Perform appropriate drill press operations.
 Hand sharpening drill bit
 Center drilling and drilling work piece
 Spot facing a work piece
 Countersinking a hole
 Counterboring a hole
 Hand tapping a hole
 Power tapping a hole
 Calculating speed and feed per material and tooling

Power Saw
6. Demonstrate proper care and safety for vertical and horizontal power saws.
Example: maintenance–operating, cleaning, lubricating

7. Perform appropriate saw operations.
 Installing a saw blade
 Straight cutting a work piece
 Sawing an angle
 Sawing a slot on a vertical saw

Basic Lathe
8. Demonstrate proper care and safety for an engine lathe.
Example: maintenance–operating, cleaning, lubricating

9. Perform appropriate engine lathe operations.
 Mounting chuck on the lathe
 Indicating round stock in independent jaw chuck
 Indicating square stock in independent jaw chuck
 Sharpening lathe tool bit
 Centering or positioning cutting tools
 Face cutting the work piece
 Turning multiple diameters
 Center drilling work piece
 Performing angle cuts
 Knurling work piece
 Threading work piece
Examples: chasing right and left hand external threads, manually tapping a hole,
countersinking a hole, drilling a hole, picking up lead on existing threads
 Calculating speed and feed per material and tooling

636 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
Basic Bench Work
10. Apply appropriate bench work skills and safety practices.
 Layout with combination square and scribe
 Layout with vernier height gage
 Hand tapping internal threads
 Producing external threads with threading die
 Ring testing grinding wheel
 Mounting grinding wheel on bench grinder and adjusting safety guards
 Hand grinding various cutting tools

Applied Mathematics for Introduction to Precision Machining
11. Demonstrate skills in mathematical concepts related to precision machining.
 Basic fractions
 Reading fractions/decimal scales and measuring tools
 Conversion of fraction/decimal measuring
 Conversion of English/metric measuring
 Algebra concepts
 Additional higher-level mathematics concepts as applicable

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 637
INTRODUCTION TO PRECISION MACHINING INCLUDING CNC LEVEL I

Introduction to Precision Machining Including CNC Level I is a one-credit course that introduces
students to various manufacturing processes and job opportunities in manufacturing with emphasis on
National Skills Standards of the National Tool and Machining Association and NIMS. Topics include
safety, mathematics, measurement, blueprint reading, layout, bench work, sawing, drilling, turning,
grinding, and CNC programming. Job shadowing and internships are appropriate work-based learning
strategies for this course. The prerequisite for this course is Introduction to Precision Machining
Level I.

Students will:

Basic Milling Machine
1. Demonstrate proper care and safety for milling machines.
Example: maintenance–operating, cleaning, lubricating

2. Demonstrate types of milling cutters and proper applications.
 Center drill
 Drill
 Reamer
 Taps
 End mills
 Fly cutter
 Carbide insert cutters

3. Perform appropriate milling machine operations.
 Indicating a machining vice true to machine axis
 Indicating the machine head perpendicular to machine table
 Work piece clamping techniques
 Milling a flat surface
 Milling steps in a work piece
 Slot milling
 Milling a square block
 Calculating speed and feed per material and tooling
 Milling pocket in work piece

Basic Surface Grinder
4. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a surface grinder.
Example: maintenance–operating, cleaning, lubricating

5. Demonstrate proper grinding techniques.
 Mounting grinding wheel
 Dressing grinding wheel
 Grinding flat surface
 Grinding work piece square and parallel

638 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
Basic Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
6. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a CNC machine.
Example: maintenance–operating, cleaning, lubricating

7. Demonstrate skills for writing a CNC program.
 Identifying and defining ―G‖ and ―M‖ codes
 Identifying and defining speed and feed codes
 Identifying and defining cutter positioning codes
 Writing a basic CNC mill program for straight and circular moves
 Writing a basic CNC lathe program for turning, facing, and corner radii

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 639
INTRODUCTION TO WELDING TECHNOLOGY LEVEL I

Introduction to Welding Technology Level I is a one-credit course that provides students with a
fundamental understanding of blueprint reading, weld symbols and weld joints, rules for safety, and
identification of shop equipment. Students acquire knowledge for safe operation of oxy-fuel cutting and
shielded metal arc welding processes. Upon successful completion of this course, students are able to
interpret lines, views, and dimensions of weld joint configurations and weld symbols; identify oxy-fuel
cutting equipment and components; determine proper setup of equipment for application; identify safety
hazards and welding equipment related to shielded metal arc welding; and make quality welds with
E-6010 and E-7018 electrodes in the flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead positions.

Students will:

Blueprint Reading
1. Interpret basic elements of a drawing.
 Reading rules and measuring tools
 Identifying alphabet of lines
 Dimensioning
 Recognizing single and multiple views

Welding Symbols
2. Identify welding symbols.
 Parts of a welding symbol
 Different types of welding symbols
Examples: fillet welds, groove welds

Oxy-Fuel Cutting
3. Demonstrate the setup of oxy-fuel cutting equipment.
 Explaining special safety precautions
 Demonstrating cutting techniques
 Setting up machine and manual oxy-fuel cutting equipment
 Cutting various metals to specifications and assessing results
Examples: beam, angle iron, channel iron, pipe, square and round solid stock,
straight cutting, bevel cutting

Basic Shielded Metal Arc Welding
4. Demonstrate the setup and operation of welding equipment.
 Explaining safety precautions
 Demonstrating methods of striking and maintaining an arc
 Demonstrating methods of welding a pad of beads with E6010 and E7018 electrodes
Examples: flat, horizontal, vertical, overhead positions

640 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
INTRODUCTION TO DRAFTING DESIGN

Introduction to Drafting Design is a one-credit course that serves as an introduction to the Drafting
Design Technology field. It provides essential information that builds a strong foundation for the entire
program. Emphasis is placed on student safety, tools and procedures, geometric construction, sketching,
dimensioning practices, visualization, and orthographic projection concepts. Computer-Aided Drafting
(CAD) functions and techniques using CAD software applications are introduced. Upon successful
completion of this course, students are able to utilize tools and interpret basic drafting standards to
complete a multiview drawing.

Students will:

Drafting Instruments and Techniques
2. Demonstrate proper usage of drafting instruments.
 Safety
 Drawing media
 Drafting kits
Examples: lead holders, circle templates
 Computer and software
 Reproduction of originals
Examples: print, plot, blueprint, photocopy

Multiview Drawings
4. Construct basic multiview two-dimensional drawings.
 Visualization of views
 Third-angle projection
 Proper drawing scale selection
 Layout and balance of views

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 641
Basic Dimensioning
5. Apply dimensions and notes to multiview drawings.
 Dimensioning standards
Example: ANSI Y14.5
 Decimal dimensioning
 Metric dimensioning

642 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
INTRODUCTION TO HEATING, VENTILATION, AIR CONDITIONING, AND
REFRIGERATION (HVACR)

Introduction to HVACR provides students with information regarding the basic principles of heating,
ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration. Students gain knowledge and skills regarding theory and
principles of refrigeration, heat transfer components, mechanical angle of operation, and refrigeration
characteristics. Upon successful completion of this course, students are able to understand the functions
of HVACR components, terminology, heat transfer, safety, and use of tools and equipment. Students
are able to read blueprints and determine take-offs for giving estimates.

Students will:

Orientation
1. Summarize purposes, rules, and regulations relative to the HVACR program.

2. Explain job opportunities related to the HVACR program.

Safety
3. Apply safety rules, regulations, and procedures for the HVACR program.
 First aid
 Shop
 Fire
 Electricity
 Equipment
 Tools
 Refrigerant safety
 Oxygen acetylene safety
 Interpretation of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
 American Red Cross (ARC) standards

Tubing, Fittings, Soldering, and Brazing
4. Construct fittings.
 Flare connection
 Swage joint

5. Demonstrate the process of bending tubing for specific angles.
 45 degrees
 90 degrees

6. Determine the setup for oxyacetylene and air acetylene welding stations.

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 643
7. Execute procedures appropriate for oxyacetylene welding.
 Lighting and adjusting torch
 Soft soldering (copper fitting/copper tubing)
 Silver brazing

8. Demonstrate techniques for cutting and threading galvanized and black iron pipe.
 Constructing a PVC joint
 Constructing a condensate PVC drain

Blueprint Reading
9. Interpret blueprints.
 Symbols
 Components

Estimating
10. Estimate material and labor costs for HVACR system installation.

644 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
INDUSTRIAL MECHANICS AND PNEUMATICS

Industrial Mechanics and Pneumatics is a one-credit course that provides students with instruction in
fundamental concepts and theories for the safe operation of pneumatic, mechanical, and hydraulic
components and systems used with industrial equipment. Topics include safety, physical concepts,
theories, laws, and application of the concepts to perform work.

Students will:

Mechanical Theory
1. Explain linear motion.
 Velocity
 Acceleration
 Deceleration

2. Explain rotary motion.
 Angular motion
 Angular acceleration
 Angular deceleration
 Torque
 Effects of speed changers

3. Define the mechanics of motion.
 Work
 Energy
 Power

4. Explain mechanical advantage.
 Levers
 Inclined planes

Bearings
5. Demonstrate operation of plain bearings.

6. Demonstrate operation of rolling element bearings.

7. Explain applications for selected bearings.
 Plain bearings
 Rolling element bearings

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 645
Flexible Drive Belts
8. Demonstrate operation of V-belts.

9. Demonstrate operation of synchronous belts.

10. Explain applications for selected drive belts.
 V-belts
 Synchronous belts

Flexible Drive Chains
11. Identify roller chains, silent chains, and sprockets.

12. Explain applications for selected drive chains.
 Roller chains
 Silent chains
 Sprockets

Clutches and Brakes
13. Identify types of clutches and brakes.
 Friction
 Electromagnetic
 Mechanical

14. Describe clutch and brake actuation methods.
 Mechanical
 Electrical
 Hydraulic
 Pneumatic

15. Explain applications for selected clutches and brakes.
 Friction
 Electromagnetic
 Mechanical

Couplings
16. Identify rigid couplings.

17. Identify flexible couplings.

18. Describe applications for selected couplings.
 Rigid
 Flexible

646 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
19. Demonstrate alignment of couplings.

Gears
20. Utilize correct terminology for identifying types of open and closed gears.

21. Describe factors that contribute to failure of open and closed gears.

22. Explain proper procedure for mounting open and closed gears.

23. Explain proper procedure for lubrication of open and closed gears.

24. Explain applications for selected gears.
 Open
 Closed

Lubrication
25. Define lubrication types.
 Full body
 Bountry

26. Identify lubrication forms.
 Greases
 Oils

27. Explain applications for gears, bearings, and chains.

28. Identify appropriate lubricants and lubricant methods for gears, bearings, and chains.

Pneumatics
29. Explain compressed air theory.
 Defining units
- Pressure
- Volume

30. Define properties of gases.
 Isothermic changes
 Isobaric changes
 Isochoric changes
 Standard volume

31. Explain flow.
 Bernoulli’s equation

32. Define air humidity.

33. Explain pressure and flow.

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 647
Air Compressor and Distribution
34. Identify types of compressors.
 Reciprocating
 Rotary

35. Identify compressor accessories.
 Air receiver
 Inlet filter

36. Explain air dehydration.
 After coolers
 Air dryers

37. Describe air distribution.

Air Treatment
38. Explain filtering.

39. Explain pressure regulation.

40. Describe compressor air lubrication.

Actuators
41. Identify linear cylinders.
 Single-acting
 Double-acting
 Special-acting

42. Explain cylinder sizing.

Directional Control Valves
43. Explain valve function.

44. Describe valve types.
 Poppet
 Sliding

45. Explain valve operation.
 Mechanical
 Manual
 Solenoid
 Air

648 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
46. Explain valve sizing.

47. Identify auxiliary valves.
 Nonreturn
 Speed controllers
 Shuttle
 Quick exhaust

Circuit Design
48. List basic rules for circuit design.

49. Explain rest position.

50. Demonstrate circuit layout.

51. Utilize appropriate terminology for specified circuits.

52. Demonstrate basic concepts of circuit design.

53. Explain cylinder control.
 Manual
- Single-acting
- Double-acting
- AND function
 Detecting cylinder position

Pipe Fitting
54. Identify pipe fittings.

55. Define pipe dimensions.

56. Demonstrate manual pipe threading.

57. Demonstrate the use of a pipe-threading machine.

58. Demonstrate pipe circuit.

Copper Tubing
59. Identify fittings.

60. Define copper tubing dimensions.

61. Demonstrate joining techniques for copper tubing.
 Solder
 Compression

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 649
PVC Pipe
62. Identify PVC fittings.

63. Define PVC dimensions.

64. Demonstrate joining techniques for PVC pipe.

650 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
PRECISION MACHINING TECHNOLOGY
Precision Machining Technology provides specialized classroom and laboratory experiences for
students who are entering the field of manufacturing and engineering technology. Instruction is
provided in the areas of blueprint reading, safety, bench work, lathe work, millwork, grinding, drill
press, and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) programming. Particular emphasis is given to the use of
precision measuring tools and gauges. Course content reflects the National Skills Standards of the
National Tool and Die Association and the National Institute for Metalworking Skills. Emphasis is
placed on the use of decision-making and higher-level thinking skills for problem-solving techniques
and for applying science, mathematics, and social studies concepts to solve technological problems.
Articulation programs allow students to earn postsecondary credit while taking courses at the high
school level. Hands-on work experiences and SkillsUSA-VICA leadership activities provide many
opportunities to enhance classroom instruction and career development.

INTRODUCTION TO PRECISION MACHINING LEVEL I
Introduction to Precision Machining Level I is a one-credit course that provides an introduction to
manufacturing processes and job opportunities for students who are pursuing careers in manufacturing.
Topics include safety, mathematics, measurement, blueprint reading, layout, benchwork, sawing,
drilling, turning, and grinding. Critical-thinking skills and principles of science are reinforced. Job
shadowing and internships are appropriate work-based learning strategies for this course. This entry-
level course may be taken as one of the optional technical courses with credit applied to the Industrial
Maintenance Technology program.

Students will:

Orientation
1. Summarize purposes, rules, and regulations relative to the Precision Machining Technology
program.
 Laboratory rules
 Code of conduct

Safety
2. Apply appropriate safety rules, regulations, and procedures for a variety of situations.
 Laboratory
 Fire
 Electricity
 Equipment
 Tools
 Inclement weather
 Intrusion

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 651
Blueprint Reading
3. Identify basic blueprint symbols and lines.
 Alphabet of lines
 Geometric symbols and tolerances
Examples: dual dimensions, limit dimensioning
 Scales and rulers
 Single and multiview drawings

Basic Drill Press
4. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a drill press.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

5. Perform appropriate drill press operations.
 Hand sharpening drill bit
 Center drilling and drilling work piece
 Spot facing a work piece
 Countersinking a hole
 Counterboring a hole
 Hand tapping a hole
 Power tapping a hole
 Calculating speed and feed per material and tooling

Power Saw
6. Demonstrate proper care and safety for vertical and horizontal power saws.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

7. Perform appropriate saw operations.
 Installing a saw blade
 Straight cutting a work piece
 Sawing an angle
 Sawing a slot on a vertical saw

Basic Lathe
8. Demonstrate proper care and safety for an engine lathe.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

652 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
9. Perform appropriate engine lathe operations.
 Mounting chuck on lathe
 Indicating round stock in independent jaw chuck
 Indicating square stock in independent jaw chuck
 Sharpening lathe tool bit
 Centering or positioning cutting tools
 Face cutting a work piece
 Turning multiple diameters
 Center drilling a work piece
 Performing angle cuts
 Knurling a work piece
 Threading a work piece
Examples: chasing right and left hand external threads, manually tapping a hole,
countersinking a hole, drilling a hole, picking up lead on existing threads
 Calculating speed and feed per material and tooling

Basic Bench Work
10. Apply appropriate bench work skills and safety practices.
 Layout with combination square and scribe
Example: whole circle using length of chord
 Layout with vernier height gage
 Hand tapping internal threads
 Producing external threads with threading die
 Ring testing grinding wheel
 Mounting grinding wheel on bench grinder and adjusting safety guards
 Hand grinding various cutting tools
Examples: drill bit, center punch, chisel

Applied Mathematics for Introduction to Precision Machining
11. Demonstrate skills in mathematical concepts related to precision machining.
 Basic fractions
 Reading fractional/decimal scales and measuring tools
 Conversion of fraction/decimal measurement
 Conversion of English/metric measurement
 Algebra concepts
 Additional higher-level mathematics concepts as applicable

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 653
INTRODUCTION TO PRECISION MACHINING INCLUDING CNC LEVEL I

Introduction to Precision Machining Including CNC Level I is a one-credit course that introduces
students to various manufacturing processes and job opportunities in manufacturing with emphasis on
National Skills Standards of the National Tool and Die Association, Machining Association, and NIMS.
Topics include safety, mathematics, measurement, blueprint reading, layout, bench work, sawing,
drilling, turning, grinding, and CNC programming. Job shadowing and internships are appropriate
work-based learning strategies for this course. The prerequisite for this course is Introduction to
Precision Machining Level I. This entry-level course may be taken as one of the optional technical
courses with credit applied to the Industrial Maintenance Technology program.

Students will:

Basic Milling Machine
1. Demonstrate proper care and safety for milling machines.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

2. Demonstrate types of milling cutters and proper applications.
 Center drill
 Drill
 Reamer
 Taps
 End mills
 Fly cutter
 Carbide insert cutters

Basic Surface Grinder
4. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a surface grinder.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

5. Demonstrate proper grinding techniques.
 Mounting grinding wheel
 Dressing grinding wheel
 Grinding flat surface
 Grinding work piece square and parallel

654 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
Basic Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
6. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a CNC machine.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 655
INTERMEDIATE PRECISION MACHINING II

Intermediate Precision Machining Level II is a one-credit course that provides students with instruction
in manufacturing and reflects the National Skills Standards of the National Tool and Die Association,
Machining Association, and NIMS. Topics include safety, quality control, metallurgy, layout,
assembly, sawing, turning, milling, grinding, computer numerical control, and maintenance. Skills in
leadership, safety, mathematics, reading, problem solving, blueprint reading, and precision measuring
are reinforced. The prerequisite for this course is Introduction to Precision Machining Including CNC
Level I.

Students will:

Safety
1. Apply appropriate safety rules, regulations, and procedures.
 Laboratory
 Fire
 Electricity
 Equipment
 Tool
 Inclement weather
 Intrusion

Intermediate Lathe
2. Demonstrate proper care and safety for an engine lathe.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

3. Perform appropriate intermediate lathe operations.
 Calculating speed and feed per material and tooling
 Aligning tailstock
 Reaming a hole
 Boring a hole
 Counterboring a hole
 Forming a cut
 Machining an O-ring groove
 Parting off the work piece
 Turning a shaft between centers
 Turning close tolerance diameters

656 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
Intermediate Bench Work
4. Apply appropriate bench work skills and safety practices.
 Broaching an internal keyway
 Installing a press fit bushing
 Hand grinding cutting tools
Examples: lathe threading bit, grooving tool
 Using a pitch gage and a micrometer for determining thread size
 Laying out a part according to print specifications

Intermediate Milling Machine
5. Demonstrate proper care and safety for milling machines.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

6. Perform appropriate milling machine operations.
 Setting up and using a rotary table
 Machining a woodruff keyway
 Cutting T-slots
 Centering a rotary table
 Boring and counterboring a hole
 Machining slots in a work piece
 Power tapping a hole
 Machining a close tolerance square block
 Calculating speed and feed per material and tooling
 Milling multiple steps in work piece
 Milling pockets on work piece

Intermediate Drill Press
7. Perform appropriate drill press techniques.
Example: NIMS Level I drill press

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 657
INTERMEDIATE PRECISION MACHINING INCLUDING CNC LEVEL II

Intermediate Precision Machining Including CNC Level II is a one-credit course that provides students
with instruction in manufacturing and reflects the National Skills Standards of the National Tool and
Die Association, Machining Association, and NIMS. Topics include safety, quality control, metallurgy,
layout, assembly, sawing, turning, milling, grinding, computer numerical control, and maintenance.
Skills in leadership, safety, mathematics, reading, problem solving, blueprint reading, and precision
measuring are reinforced. The prerequisite for this course is Intermediate Precision Machining Level II.

Students will:

Intermediate Surface Grinder
1. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a surface grinder.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

2. Demonstrate proper grinding techniques.
 Close tolerance flat surface
 Multiple steps and faces
 Multiple parts together
Example: gang grinding
 Angles

Intermediate Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
3. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a CNC machine.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

4. Demonstrate skills for writing a CNC program.
 Identifying and defining ―G‖ and ―M‖ codes
 Identifying and defining speed and feed codes
 Identifying and defining cutter positioning codes
 Writing an intermediate CNC mill program for straight, angular, and circular moves
 Writing an intermediate CNC lathe program for turning, facing, angle cuts, and corner
radii

Intermediate Lathe
5. Demonstrate intermediate boring, turning, facing, and tapping on a work piece.

Intermediate Milling
6. Perform proper operations for milling steps, slots, angles, and pockets in a work piece.

658 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
ADVANCED PRECISION MACHINING LEVEL III

Advanced Precision Machining Level III is a one credit-course that provides students with specialized
instruction regarding metals manufacturing and related processes required by local industry. Topics
include advanced turning, grinding, and milling operations. Skills in leadership, safety, critical
thinking, and planning are reinforced. Work-based learning strategies appropriate for this course are
cooperative education and apprenticeship. Course content reflects the National Skills Standards of the
National Tool and Die Association, Machining Association, and NIMS. The prerequisite for this course
is Intermediate Precision Machining Including CNC Level II.

Students will:

Safety
1. Apply appropriate safety rules, regulations, and practices.
 Fire
 Equipment
 Laboratory
 Electricity
 Tools

Advanced Lathe
2. Demonstrate proper care and safety for an engine lathe.
Example: maintenance—cleaning, inspecting lubricating, setting up

3. Perform appropriate engine lathe operations at the advanced level.
 Calculating speed and feed for appropriate materials and tooling
 Turning multiple diameters
 Using taper attachment
 Power tapping on a lathe
 Chasing right and left hand internal threads
 Boring a hole
 Boring an internal angle

Advanced Milling Machine
4. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a milling machine.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

5. Perform appropriate advanced milling operations.
 Calculating speed and feed for appropriate materials and tooling
 Power tapping a hole
 Indicating a round hole
 Milling a block square to close tolerance
 Milling precise angles on a work piece
 Milling steps, slots, and pockets on a work piece
 Drilling a precise circular hole pattern
Example: sine calculations

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 659
ADVANCED PRECISION MACHINING INCLUDING CNC LEVEL III

Advanced Precision Machining Including CNC Level III is a one-credit course that provides students
with advanced applications for manufacturing and related processes. Topics include advanced turning,
grinding, milling operations, and CNC machining. Skills in leadership, safety, critical thinking, and
planning are reinforced. Work-based learning strategies appropriate for this course are cooperative
education and apprenticeship. Course content reflects the National Skills Standards of the National
Tool and Die Association, Machining Association, and NIMS. The prerequisite for this course is
Advanced Precision Machining Level III.

Students will:

Advanced Surface Grinder
1. Demonstrate proper care and safety for a surface grinder.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

2. Demonstrate proper grinding techniques.
 Setting up and grinding a threading tool
 Grinding right hand angle turning tool
 Grinding a grooving tool
 Grinding an angle using a sine bar
 Precision grinding a block square and parallel
Example: NIMS Level I surface grinder

Heat Treatment
3. Perform a hardness test on a work piece.
 File test
 Rockwell test

4. Demonstrate appropriate techniques for heat treating a work piece.
 Hardening a work piece
 Quenching and drawing material

Advanced Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
5. Demonstrate proper safety and care for a CNC machine.
Example: maintenance—operating, cleaning, lubricating, setting up

6. Demonstrate advanced skills for writing a CNC program.
 Identifying and defining ―G‖ and ―M‖ codes
 Identifying and defining speed and feed codes
 Writing advanced CNC milling programs for straight, angle, radii, and circular cuts
 Writing advanced CNC lathe program for turning, facing, corner radii, threading, and
angle cuts

660 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
Advanced Lathe
7. Perform advanced boring, turning, facing, and tapping on a work piece.
Example: NIMS Level I lathe project

Advanced Milling
8. Demonstrate appropriate procedures for milling advanced steps, slots, angles, and pockets in
work piece.
Example: NIMS Level I mill project

Applied Mathematics
9. Demonstrate advanced skills in mathematical concepts related to precision machining.
Example: calculating sine, cosine, and tangent problems

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 661
WELDING TECHNOLOGY
Welding Technology provides students with the opportunity to acquire skills, knowledge, and
experiences required to pass a standard welding qualification test and pursue a career in an expanding
and rewarding technical field. Classroom instruction and laboratory experiences allow students to gain
scientific knowledge regarding welding ferrous and nonferrous metals using the processes of Shielded
Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW), and
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). Specialized classes provide students with skills in oxy-fuel
cutting, plasma arc cutting, air carbon arc cutting, blueprint reading, weld symbols, and welding
inspection and testing. Electrical principles as well as basic academic skills in communication, reading,
writing, and mathematics are integral components of the program. Particular emphasis is given to the
use of decision-making and problem-solving techniques in applying science, mathematics,
communication, and social studies concepts to solve technological problems. Classroom instruction
emphasizes safety and proper care, use, and maintenance of tools and equipment. Hands-on work
experiences and SkillsUSA-VICA leadership activities provide many opportunities to enhance
classroom instruction and career development. This program complies with local, state, and federal
safety and environmental regulations.

INTRODUCTION TO WELDING TECHNOLOGY LEVEL I
Introduction to Welding Technology Level I is a one-credit course that provides students with a
fundamental understanding of blueprint reading, weld symbols and weld joints, rules for safety, and
identification and use of tools and shop equipment. Students acquire knowledge for safe operation of
oxy-fuel cutting and shielded metal arc welding processes. Upon successful completion of this course,
students are able to interpret lines, views, and dimensions of weld joint configurations and weld
symbols; identify oxy-fuel cutting equipment and components; determine proper setup of equipment for
application; identify safety hazards and welding equipment related to shielded metal arc welding; and
make quality welds with E-6010 and E-7018 electrodes in the flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead
positions. This entry-level course may be taken as one of the optional technical courses with credit
applied to the Industrial Maintenance Technology program.

Students will:

Orientation
1. Summarize purposes, rules, and regulations relative to the Welding program.

2. Explain job opportunities related to the Welding program.

662 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
Safety
3. Apply safety rules, regulations, and procedures.
 Personal
 Shop
 Fire
 Electrical
 Tool
 Interpretation of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Integrated Academics
4. Utilize mathematical concepts in application of skills techniques, and operations.
 Algebra concepts
 Additional higher-level math concepts as applicable

Blueprint Reading
5. Interpret readings using measuring tools and instruments.
 Squares
 Tape measures
 Calipers

6. Interpret alphabet of lines on a drawing.
 Object/visible
 Hidden
 Leader
 Extension and dimension
 Center

7. Interpret basic views on a drawing.
 Pictorial
 Top
 Front
 Right side
 Left side
 Back
 Dimensioning
Examples: fractions, decimals

8. Fabricate parts from a drawing or sketch.

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 663
Welding Symbols
9. Identify welding symbols.
 Parts of a welding symbol
 Different types of welding symbols
Examples: fillet welds, groove welds

Oxy-Fuel Cutting
10. Demonstrate the setup of machine and manual oxy-fuel cutting equipment.
 Special safety precautions for oxy-fuel equipment
 Cutting techniques
 Cutting various metals to specifications and assessing results
Examples: beam, angle iron, channel iron, pipe, square and round solid stock,
straight cutting, bevel cutting

Basic Shielded Metal Arc Welding
11. Demonstrate the setup and operation of welding equipment.
 Safety precautions of Shielded Metal Arc Welding

12. Demonstrate methods for striking and maintaining an arc.
 Tapping
 Scratching

13. Demonstrate proper methods for welding a pad of beads with an E6010 electrode.
 Flat
 Horizontal
 Vertical
 Overhead

14. Demonstrate proper methods for welding a pad of beads with an E7018 electrode.
 Flat
 Horizontal
 Vertical
 Overhead

664 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
INTERMEDIATE SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW), FILLET
WELDS, AND PLASMA ARC CUTTING (PAC) LEVEL II

Intermediate Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Fillet Welds, and Plasma Arc Cutting (PAC) Level
II is a one-credit course that provides students with instruction on safety and terminology in the
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process, equipment identification, and setup and operation of
SMAW equipment. Emphasis is placed on striking and controlling the arc and proper fitting of weld
joints. Skills and knowledge necessary for the safe operation of plasma arc cutting are presented
including safe and proper equipment setup. Upon successful completion of this course, students are
able to perform fillet welds in the 1-f and 2-f positions with E-6010 and E-7018 electrodes in
accordance with AWS D1.1 codes. Students identify safety hazards, gases, and equipment; and practice
the operation of manual plasma arc cutting equipment while observing safety precautions. The
prerequisite for this course is Introduction to Welding Technology.

Students will:

Intermediate Shielded Metal Arc Welding
1. Demonstrate proper methods for performing fillet welds.
 Safety precautions in lab
 Placement of welds

2. Demonstrate proper T-joint techniques with an E7018 electrode.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)

3. Demonstrate proper T-joint techniques with an E6010 electrode.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)

4. Demonstrate proper lap-joint techniques with an E7018 electrode.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)

5. Demonstrate proper lap-joint techniques with an E6010 electrode.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)

6. Demonstrate proper corner-joint techniques with an E7018 electrode.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)

7. Demonstrate proper corner-joint techniques with an E6010 electrode.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 665
Plasma Arc Cutting (PAC)
8. Explain the working operation of the plasma arc cutting system.
 Safety precautions for plasma arc cutting

9. Demonstrate the ability to set up and operate manual plasma arc cutting equipment for various
materials.
 Carbon steel
 Aluminum
 Stainless steel

666 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
ADVANCED SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW), FILLET WELDS,
AND AIR CARBON ARC CUTTING (CAC-A) LEVEL III

Advanced Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Fillet Welding, and Air Carbon Arc Cutting (CAC-
A) Level III is a one-credit course that introduces students to the proper setup and operation of Shielded
Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) equipment in the vertical (3-F) and overhead (4-F) positions. Emphasis is
placed on striking and controlling the arc. Proper setup and operation of manual air carbon arc gouging
and cutting operations on plain carbon steel are addressed. Upon successful completion of this course,
students are able to produce industry quality cuts with carbon arc cutting equipment and are able to
perform fillet welds in the vertical (3-F) and overhead (4-F) positions with E-6010 and E-7018
electrodes in accordance with the AWS D1.1 code. The prerequisite for this course is Intermediate
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Fillet Welds, and Plasma Arc Cutting (PAC) Level II.

Students will:

Advanced Shielded Metal Arc Welding
1. Demonstrate proper methods for performing fillet welds.
 Safety precautions for SMAW
2. Demonstrate proper T-joint techniques for single and multiple passes with an E7018 electrode.
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F)
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)
3. Demonstrate proper T-joint techniques for single and multiple passes with an E6010 electrode.
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F)
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)
4. Demonstrate proper lap-joint techniques with an E7018 electrode.
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F)
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)
5. Demonstrate proper lap-joint techniques with an E6010 electrode.
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F)
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)
6. Demonstrate proper corner-joint techniques with an E7018 electrode.
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F)
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)
7. Demonstrate proper corner-joint techniques with an E6010 electrode.
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F)
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)

Air Carbon Arc Cutting (CAC-A)
8. Demonstrate the setup for manual air carbon arc cutting operations for carbon steel.
 Safety precautions for CAC-A
 Gouging
 Cutting

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 667
INTERMEDIATE SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW), GROOVE
WELDS, AND WELDING INSPECTION AND TESTING LEVEL I

Intermediate Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Groove Welds, and Welding Inspection and
Testing Level I is a one-credit course that provides instruction and demonstration in the Shielded Metal
Arc Welding (SMAW) process on carbon steel plate with various size E6010 and E7018 electrodes in
the flat (1-G) and horizontal (2-G) positions. This course also provides students with inspection skills
and knowledge necessary to evaluate welded joints and apply quality control measures as needed.
Emphasis is placed on interpreting welding codes, welding procedures, and visual inspection methods.
Upon successful completion of this course, students are able to identify acceptable weldments visually
as prescribed by code or welding specification report and make visually acceptable groove weld joints
in accordance with AWS D1.1 welding certification procedures. The prerequisite for this course is
Advanced Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Fillet Welds, and Air Carbon Arc Cutting (CAC-A)
Level III.

Students will:

Intermediate Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
1. Demonstrate proper techniques for groove welding an open root butt joint.
 Flat position (1-G)
 Horizontal position (2-G)

2. Demonstrate proper techniques for groove welding a butt joint with backing plate.
 Flat position (1-G)
 Horizontal position (2-G)

Welding Inspection and Testing
3. Examine welds for determining performance.

4. Prepare weld coupon for performance testing.
Examples: guided bend test, x-ray test

5. Explain codes and standards of welding issuing agencies.
Example: American Welding Society (AWS)

668 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
ADVANCED SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW), GROOVE
WELDS, AND WELDING INSPECTION AND TESTING LEVEL II

Advanced Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Groove Welds, and Welding Inspection and Testing
Level II is a one-credit course that provides instruction and demonstrations in the shielded metal arc
welding process on carbon steel plate with various size E6010 and E7018 electrodes in the vertical (3-
G) and overhead (4-G) positions. Upon successful completion of this course, students are able to make
visually acceptable groove weld joints in accordance with AWS D1.1 weld certification procedures.
The prerequisite for this course is Intermediate Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Groove Welds,
and Welding Inspection and Testing Level I.

Students will:

Advanced Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
1. Demonstrate proper techniques for groove welding an open root butt joint.
 Vertical position (3-G)
 Overhead position (4-G)

2. Demonstrate proper techniques for groove welding a butt joint with backing plate.
 Vertical position (3-G)
 Overhead position (4-G)

Welding Inspection and Testing
3. Perform fundamental visual examinations for proper welding.

4. Prepare weld coupon for performance testing.
Examples: guided bend test, x-ray test

5. Demonstrate general knowledge of codes, standards, and issuing agencies for welding.

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 669
GAS METAL ARC WELDING (GMAW)

Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) is a one-credit course that provides instruction on the various transfer
methods of Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) fillet welds. Topics include safety, equipment setup,
joint design and preparation, and gas flow rates. Upon successful completion of this course, students
are able to perform fillet welds in the flat fillet (1-F), horizontal fillet (2-F), vertical up and down fillet
(3-F), and overhead fillet weld (4-F) positions.

Students will:

1. Demonstrate proper techniques for setting up, adjusting, and selecting materials for GMAW
equipment.
 Safety precautions for GMAW
 Machine controls and settings
 Types of filler wire and gas combinations
 Type of metal transfer
Examples: spray arc, short arc
 Types of joint design

2. Describe advantages and disadvantages of GMAW process.

3. Demonstrate fillet welds with GMAW process for carbon steel.

4. Utilize GMAW process to demonstrate proper T-joint fillet weld techniques for single and
multiple passes.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F) up and down
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)

5. Utilize GMAW process to demonstrate proper lap-joint fillet weld techniques for single and
multiple passes.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F) up and down
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)

6. Utilize GMAW process to demonstrate proper corner-joint fillet weld techniques for single and
multiple passes.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F) up and down
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)

670 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
FLUX CORE ARC WELDING (FCAW)

Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW) is a one-credit course that introduces students to the Flux Core Arc
Welding (FCAW) process. Emphasis is placed on safe operating practices and on handling and storage
of compressed gases. Students demonstrate manual welding skills on carbon steel using the flux core
arc welding process in the flat fillet (1-F), horizontal fillet (2-F), vertical fillet (3-F), and overhead fillet
weld (4-F) positions. Upon successful completion of this course, students are able to make quality
welds in the 1-F, 2-F, 3-F, and 4-F positions.

Students will:

1. Demonstrate proper techniques for setting up, adjusting, and selecting materials for various types
of FCAW machines and equipment.
 Safety precautions for FCAW
 Machine controls and settings
 Types of filler wire and gas combinations
 Types of joint design

2. Explain advantages and disadvantages of the FCAW process.

3. Utilize the FCAW process to determine proper T-joint fillet weld techniques for single and
multiple passes.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F)
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)

4. Utilize the FCAW process to demonstrate proper lap-joint fillet weld techniques for single and
multiple passes.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F)
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)

5. Use the FCAW process to determine proper corner-joint fillet weld techniques for single and
multiple passes.
 Flat fillet welds (1-F)
 Horizontal fillet welds (2-F)
 Vertical fillet welds (3-F)
 Overhead fillet welds (4-F)

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 671
INTERMEDIATE GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING (GTAW) FOR FERROUS
AND NONFERROUS METALS LEVEL I

Intermediate Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) for Ferrous and Nonferrous Metals Level I is a one-
credit course. This course provides students with instruction and hands-on activities utilizing the Gas
Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process for producing fillet welds in the flat (1-F) and horizontal (2-F)
positions using both ferrous and non-ferrous metals according to AWS D1.1 code. Topics include
safety of operation and setup of GTAW equipment and the selection of tungsten, polarity, shielding gas,
and filler metals. Upon successful completion of this course, students are able to produce fillet welds on
ferrous and nonferrous metals using the GTAW process according to AWS code D1.1.

Students will:

1. Demonstrate proper techniques for setting up, adjusting, and selecting materials for various
GTAW machines and equipment.
 Safety precautions of GTAW
 Tungsten electrodes
 Shielding gases and mixtures
 Joint design
 Machine controls and settings

2. Demonstrate proper welding techniques for carbon steel.
 Flat position (1-F)
 Horizontal position (2-F)

3. Demonstrate proper welding techniques for aluminum.
 Flat position (1-F)
 Horizontal position (2-F)

4. Demonstrate proper welding techniques for stainless steel.
 Vertical position (1-F)
 Horizontal position (2-F)

672 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education
ADVANCED GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING (GTAW) FOR FERROUS
AND NONFERROUS METALS LEVEL II

Advanced Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) for Ferrous and Nonferrous Metals Level II is a one-
credit course. The course provides students with instruction and hands-on activities utilizing the Gas
Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process for producing fillet welds in the vertical (3-F) and overhead (4-
F) positions, using both ferrous and nonferrous metals, according to AWS D1.1 code. Topics include
safety of operating GTAW equipment; equipment setup; and selection of tungsten, shielding gas, and
filler metals. Upon successful completion of this course, students are able to produce fillet welds on
ferrous and nonferrous metals using the GTAW process according to AWS code D1.1. The prerequisite
for this course is Intermediate Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) for Ferrous, and Nonferrous Metals
Level I.

Students will:

Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
1. Demonstrate proper techniques for setting up, adjusting, and selecting materials for GTAW
machines and equipment.
 Safety precautions
 Tungsten electrodes
 Shielding gases and mixtures
 Joint designs
 Machine controls and settings

2. Demonstrate proper welding techniques for carbon steel.
 Vertical position (3-F)
 Overhead position (4-F)

3. Demonstrate proper welding techniques for aluminum.
 Vertical position (3-F)
 Overhead position (4-F)

4. Demonstrate proper welding techniques for stainless steel.
 Vertical position (3-F)
 Overhead position (4-F)

Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education 673
WELDING TECHNOLOGY SPECIAL PROJECTS

Welding Technology Special Projects is a one-credit course that provides students with opportunities to
plan, execute, and present results of individual or group projects related to welding. Emphasis is placed
on enhancing skills in the areas of welding regarding problem solving, job planning, and quality control.
Students participate in instructor-approved projects that provide for demonstration of welding
competencies. Upon successful completion of this course, students possess the ability to plan,
manufacture, and provide verification regarding projects that meet all measurement and weld
requirements. Successful completion of two or more Welding Technology courses is the prerequisite
for this course.

Student will

1. Demonstrate planning techniques.
 Researching, identifying, and developing project
Example: activity log
 Drawing blueprint
 Preparing bill of materials

2. Demonstrate estimating skills.
 Time
 Cost of materials
 Cost of labor
 Miscellaneous cost

3. Forecast equipment requirements.
Examples: welders, grinders, clamps

4. Identify safety guidelines.
Example: provide welding curtains and machine guards

5. Prepare a quality inspection plan.
 Verifying dimensional requirements
 Verifying weld integrity
 Recording inspection results

6. Evaluate results of completed project.
 Analyzing results of project
Examples: problems, benefits

674 Alabama Courses of Study: Career/Technical Education