Estimating
Site work
Major Components
• Erosion & Sediment Control
• Fencing
• Clearing and grubbing
• Excavation
• Backfill
• Grading
• Trucking
Erosion & Sediment Control
• Silt fencing
– Around site perimeter on downhill side
– Must be dug into ground 6 inches
• Stabilized Construction Entrance
– 2” - 3” clean stone w/ fabric below
• Sediment traps/basins
– 3” – 6” clean stone
– Check dams
Fencing
• Does site need to be enclosed?
– What are hazards?
– Risk of theft
– Type of fencing
Clearing and grubbing
• Must clear site
– Clearing is cutting down trees
• Tree size
• Clearing method – chips, saw trees
– Grubbing is removing stumps
• Method – dozer, excavator
• Where do stumps and tops go?
Excavation
• Need to know soil type and excavation type
– Soil type will affect productivity
– Excavation type will determine equipment
• Dozer
• Scraper
• Excavator
• Shovel
– Trenches may require 2 -3 pieces of equipment
• Excavate, place material , backfill
Backfill
• Compaction
– Type of equipment required
• Fill required
– Gravel
– Native material
– Top soil
Grading
• Rough grading
• Final grading
• Stabilization
– Seed and mulch
– Rip rap banks
– Grass mats
Trucking
– How much soil needs to be removed from the site
or moved to another location on site
• Does it need to be trucked?
• How far – what is round trip distance?
• On road or off road?
Excavation
• Quantities
– Need to find volume of soil to be cut, filled
• Average end area
– By contour
– By cross section
– What does fill material need to be?
– Trucks required
• Based on size round trip
• Want to keep excavators busy
Math Question:
• A Backhoe weighing 8 tons is on top of a flatbed trailer and
heading east on Interstate 70 near Hays, Kansas .
The extended shovel arm is made of hardened refined steel and
the approaching overpass is made of commercial-grade concrete,
reinforced with 1 1/2 inch steel rebar spaced at 6 inch intervals in
a criss-cross pattern layered at 1 foot vertical spacing.
Solve: When the shovel arm hits the overpass, how fast do you
have to be going to slice the bridge in half?? (Assume no effect
for headwind and no braking by the driver...)
Extra Credit: Solve for the time and distance
required for the entire rig to come to a complete stop after hitting
the overpass at the speed calculated above?
Yes, you can neglect friction.