From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tata Group
Tata Group
Tata Group Tata Consultancy Services
Tata Technologies
Tata Tea
Titan Industries
Tata Power
Tata Communications
Tata Sons
Tata Teleservices
Taj Hotels
Tata Chemicals
Tata Global Beverages
Website Tata.com
Tata Group (Hindi: टाटा समह) is an Indian multina-
ू
Type Privately held company
tional conglomerate company headquartered in the
Industry Conglomerate Bombay House in Mumbai, India.[3] In terms of market
Founded 1868
capitalisation and revenues, Tata Group is the largest pri-
vate corporate group in India. It has interests in commu-
Founder(s) Jamsedji Tata nications and information technology, engineering, ma-
Headquarters Bombay House terials, services, energy, consumer products and chem-
Mumbai, India icals. The Tata Group has operations in more than 80
countries across six continents and its companies export
Area served Worldwide
products and services to 80 nations. The Tata Group com-
Key people Ratan Tata prises 114 companies and subsidiaries in eight business
(Chairman)[1] sectors,[4] 27 of which are publicly listed. 65.8% of the
Products Steel ownership of Tata Group is held in charitable trusts.[5]
Automobiles Companies which form a major part of the group include
Telecommunications Tata Steel (including Tata Steel Europe), Tata Motors (in-
Power cluding Jaguar and Land Rover), Tata Consultancy Ser-
IT Services/ITES
vices, Tata Technologies, Tata Tea (including Tetley), Ta-
Hotels
Consumer goods ta Chemicals, Titan Industries, Tata Power, Tata Commu-
Retail nications, Tata Sons, Tata Teleservices and the Taj Hotels.
Agriculture The group takes the name of its founder, Jamsedji Ta-
Financial services ta, a member of whose family has almost invariably been
Defence
the chairman of the group. The current chairman of the
Chemicals
Hospitality Tata group is Ratan Tata, who took over from J. R. D.
Engineering Tata in 1991 and is one of the major international busi-
Beverages ness figures in the age of globality.[6] The company is
Construction currently in its fifth generation of family stewardship.[7]
Aerospace
TATA Group’s 114 companies are held by its main com-
Pharma
pany Tata Sons and the main owner of Tata Sons are var-
Revenue US$ 67.4 billion (2009–10)[2] ious charitable organisations developed and run by Tata
Profit US$ 1.74 billion (2009–10)[2] Group. Out of which JRD Tata Trust & Sir Ratan Tata Trust
are the main holders. About 65% ownership of Tata Sons
Total assets US$ 52.8 billion (2009–10)[2] which is the key holding company of the other 114 Ta-
Employees 396,517 (2009–10)[2] ta Group Company is held by various charitable organisa-
tions.[8]
Subsidiaries Tata Steel The 2009, annual survey by the Reputation Institute
Tata Steel Europe
ranked Tata Group as the 11th most reputable company
Tata Motors
in the world.[9] The survey included 600 global compa-
1
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tata Group
Tata Group
Tata Nano
Bombay House, the head office of Tata Group
Logo of the mobile phone network Tata DoCoMo
Tata Trucks Packages of Tata Tea
nies. The Tata Group has helped establish and finance nu-
merous quality research, educational and cultural insti-
tutes in India.[10][11] The group was awarded the Carnegie
Medal of Philanthropy in 2007 in recognition of its long
history of philanthropic activities.[12]
History Himalyan – Tata Mineral Water
The beginnings of the Tata Group can be traced back
came the chairman of the group after his father’s death
to 1868,[13] when Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata established
in 1904. Under him, the group ventured into steel pro-
a trading company dealing in cotton in Bombay (now
duction (1905) and hydroelectric power genera-
Mumbai), British India.[14] This was followed by the in-
tion(1910). After the death of Dorab Tata in 1934, Nowroji
stallation of ’Empress Mills’ in Nagpur in 1877. Taj Mahal
Saklatwala headed the group till 1938. He was succeeded
Hotel in Bombay (now Mumbai) was opened for business
by Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata. The group expanded
in 1903. Sir Dorab Tata, the eldest son of Jamsetji Tata be-
2
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tata Group
significantly under him with the establishment of Tata • Hispano Carrocera
Chemicals (1939), Tata Motors, Tata Industries (both • Tata Motors, manufacturer of commercial vehicles
1945), Voltas (1954), Tata Tea (1962), Tata Consultancy (largest in India) and passenger cars
Services (1968) and Titan Industries (1984). Ratan Tata, • Jaguar and Land Rover
the incumbent chairman of the group succeeded JRD Tata • Tata Daewoo Commercial Vehicle
in 1991.[15] • Tata Projects
• Tata Consulting Engineers Limited
Tata Group of Companies • Tata Cummins
• Telco Construction Equipment
This section lists the Tata companies and details their • TRF
business: • Voltas, consumer electronics company
Chemicals • Voltas Global Engineering Centre
• Tata Chemicals • Tata Advanced Materials
• Rallis India • Tata Advanced Systems
• Tata Pigments Limited • Tata Motors European Technical Centre
• General Chemical Industrial Products • Tata Petrodyne
• Brunner Mond • Tata Precision Industries
• Advinus Therapeutics Information systems and Communications
• Magadi Soda Company • Computational Research Laboratories
Consumer Products • INCAT
• Tata Salt • Nelco
• I-shakti • Nelito Systems
• Casa Décor • Tata Business Support Services
• Tata Swach • Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. (TCS) is Asia’s largest
• Tata Global Beverages software company.
• Eight O’Clock Coffee • Tata Elxsi
• Tata Ceramics • Tata Interactive Systems
• Infiniti Retail • Tata Technologies Limited
• Tata Tea Limited is the world’s second largest • Tata Teleservices
manufacturer of packaged tea and tea products. • Virgin Mobile India
• Tetley • Tata Communications
• Tata Coffee • CMC Limited
• Tata Industries • VSNL International Canada
• Titan Industries • Tatanet, Managed connectivity and VSAT service
• Trent (Westside) provider
• Cromā • Tata Teleservices
• Tata Sky • Tata Teleservices (Maharashtra)
• TajAir • Tatanet
• Tata International Ltd. Services
• Tanishq • Tata Sons
• Tata Refractories • The Indian Hotels Company
• Westland • Ginger Hotels
Energy • Roots Corporation
• Tata Power is one of the largest private sector power • Landmark
companies. • Tata Housing Development Company Ltd. (THDC)
• Tata BP Solar, a joint venture between Tata Power • Tata Limited
and BP Solar • TATA AIG General Insurance
• Hooghly Met Coke and Power Company • TATA AIG Life Insurance
• Jamshedpur Utilities and Services Company • Tata AG
• North Delhi Power • Tata Asset Management
• Powerlinks Transmission • Tata Financial Services
• Tata Power Trading • Tata Capital
• Tata Projects • Tata International AG
Engineering • Tata Investment Corporation
• TAL Manufacturing Solutions • Tata Advanced Systems Limited
• Tata AutoComp Systems Limited (TACO) • Drive India Enterprise Solutions
3
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tata Group
• Mjunction services tive education programmes.[17] The amount is the largest
• Tata Quality Management Services from an international donor in Harvard’s 102-year-old
• Tata Realty and Infrastructure Limited existence.
• Tata Interactive Systems A comprehensive list is available on the company
• Tata Africa Holdings website.
• Tata AutoComp Systems The recent The Brand Trust Report,[18] 2011 has
• Tata Industrial Services ranked TATA as the second most trusted brands of India.
• Tata NYK
• Tata Services
• Tata Strategic Management Group
Corporate Social Responsibility
• Telco Construction Equipment
Steel
• Tata Steel
• Tata Steel Europe
• Tata Steel KZN
• Tata Steel Processing and Distribution
• JAMIPOL
• NatSteel Holdings
• Tata BlueScope Steel
• Tata Metaliks
• Tata Sponge Iron
• Tayo Rolls
• The Tinplate Company of India
• TM International Logistics
Philanthropy and nation build-
ing
The Tata Group has helped establish and finance numer-
ous quality research, educational and cultural institutes
in India.[10][11] The Tata Group was awarded the Carnegie
Medal of Philanthropy in 2007 in recognition of the
group’s long history of philanthropic activities.[12] Some
of the institutes established by the Tata Group are:
• Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
• Tata Institute of Social Sciences Ratan Tata, the chairman of Tata Group; noted philanthropist.
• Indian Institute of Science
• National Centre for Performing Arts Ratan Tata has thought of many ways to help society be-
• Tata Management Training Centre fore and after the Mumbai bombings in 2008. One Tata
• Tata Memorial Hospital project that brought together Tata Group companies
• Tata Football Academy (TCS, Titan Industries and Tata Chemicals) was devel-
• Tata Cricket Academy oping a compact, in-home water-purification device. It
• Tata Trusts, a group of philanthropic organisations was called Tata swach which means “clean” in Hindi and
run by the head of the business conglomerate Tata would cost less than 1000 rupees ($21). The idea of Tata
Sons[16] swach was thought of from the 2004 tsunami in the Indi-
• The JRD Tata Ecotechnology Centre an Ocean, which left thousands of people without clean
• The Energy and Resources Institute (earlier known drinking water. This device has filters that last about a
as Tata Energy and Research Institute) – which is an year long for a family of five. It is a low-cost product
NPO completely committed to the cause of research available for millions of Indians who have no access to
in the field of renewable energy. safe drinking water in their homes.[19] The advantage of
The Tata Group has donated a ₨ 220 crore ($50 million) this device is that it does not require the use of electrici-
to the prestigious Harvard Business School (HBS) to build ty.[20]
an academic and a residential building on the institute’s TCS also designed and donated an innovative soft-
campus in Boston, Massachusetts. The new building will ware package that teaches illiterate adults how to read
be called the Tata Hall and used for the institute’s execu- in 40 hours. “The children of the people who have been
4
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tata Group
through our literacy program are all in school,” says always said that customers and guests are No.1 priori-
Pankaj Baliga, global head of corporate social responsi- ty.[22][23]
bility for TCS. Tata adheres to a philosophy of providing
some of the poorest people in the world with products
that improve their future (and those of their children) at
Tata’s Ethics
values they can afford, while maintaining enough profit Tata Group has more than just a rule book of ethics; they
to keep the company competitive.[19] have a Code of Conduct in which a Code of Ethics is es-
In 1912, Tata Group expanded their current CEO’s tablished. Tata Group is a unique company; Its rigid eth-
concept of community philanthropy to be included in the ic standards are so well set that most corrupt officials do
workplace. They instituted an eight-hour workday, be- not bother bribing with the Tata executives.[24] The CEO
fore any other company in the world. In 1917, they rec- as well as the directors of Tata Group want their com-
ommend a medical-services policy for Tata employees. pany to be set in the right path. Chairman, Ratan Tata
The company would be among the first worldwide to or- has said, "I will certainly not join politics. I would like to
ganise modern pension systems, workers’ compensation, be remembered as a clean businessman who has not par-
maternity benefits, and profit-sharing plans.[19] taken in any twists and turns beneath the surface, and
In general, about 66% of the profits of Tata Group go one who has been reasonably successful."[25] They be-
to charity and executives made it clear that they have lieve that their company should follow good ethics and
no intention of leaving control to Wall Street.[21] The help society in the ways that they can. Distinguishing the
charitable trusts of Tata Group fund a variety of projects, good in the world, society and business community and
for example the Tata Swach and the TCS project. They determining the right actions the company should take,
founded and still support such cherished institutions as Tata Group and its representatives can go very far in so-
the Indian Institute of Science, Tata Institute of Funda- ciety. Although the good points have been pointed out,
mental Research, the National Centre for the Performing many companies also go through hardships. They may
Arts and the Tata Memorial Hospital. Each Tata Group encounter politics and accusations; Tata Group may not
company channels more than 4 percent of its operating be seen as "perfect" in every eye. Many Tata executives
income to the trusts and every generation of Tata family seem to take on all challenges. They know they could ap-
members has left a larger portion of its profit to them. pease some sceptics and critics by conquering high levels
This makes the Tata family evidently less wealthy as in- of growth ambitions during the financial crisis. Howev-
dividuals than other Indian family-owned companies. [19] er, instead they are reducing costs, putting acquisitions
Green environment projects, donations, and charity on hold, and investing in innovative endeavours such as
are all examples of ways that companies support their supercomputers and manufacturing new materials. Fur-
community. Ratan Tata’s gesture after the 2008 Mumbai thermore they are figuring out how to develop their new
Attacks was humanitarian; he supported many people in innovations and ideas to other economies such as Africa
India. He made sure that all the employees were treat- and Latin America.[19] Tata Group believes that business
ed on duty during the time the Taj hotel was closed; is not all about profit. If social benefits are one major goal
although the hotel was closed, salaries were still sent of Tata’s strategies, another is continuing growth in phil-
by money order. About 1600 employees were provided anthropic industries as well. “We are hard-nosed busi-
food, water, sanitation and first aid through employee ness guys,” says Gopalakrishnan (an executive director of
outreach centres. Ratan Tata personally visited families Tata Sons Ltd.), “who like to earn an extra buck as much
of all the employees that were affected. The employee’s as the next guy, because we know that extra buck will
relatives were flown to Mumbai from outside areas and go back to wipe away a tear somewhere.”[19] They raise
were all accommodated in Hotel President for 3 weeks high profits, but give a lot back to the society, whether
and taken care of. Going beyond taking care of their em- from their trusts fund or the CEO’s own pocket money.
ployees and dependents, Tata also covered compensation Tata Group has Trust departments that deal with social
for railway employees, police staff, and pedestrians. The projects, etc. The projects had a greater purpose to them
market vendors and shop owners were given care and as- than just the profit they had made; they were beneficial
sistance after the attacks. A psychiatric institution was to the society. Ratan Tata’s support to the society is an
established with the Tata Group of Social Science to uplift to his reputation as well as his company’s. “In the
counsel those who were affected from the attacks and end, Tata executives stick by the familiar argument that
needed help. Tata also granted the education of 46 chil- doing well by doing well is simply good business. If the
dren of the victims of the terrorist attacks.[22][23] “The group’s unique business model proves to be financially
whole approach was that the organisation would spend sustainable, it could provide a lasting example for other
several hundred crore (Indian currency for $10 million) companies that – like Tata – seek to serve new markets,
in re-building the property – why not spend equally on build a more solid reputation as global citizens, main-
the employees who gave their life?”[22][23] Tata Group is tain growth, and above all fulfill their own sense of pur-
an organisation with a unique DNA. The organisation has pose.”[19]
5
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tata Group
Tata acquisitions and targets In June 2011, based on market value Tata Group has
become the country’s wealthiest group with $98.7 billi-
on.[28]
Acquisitions
2000 – 2005
• – Tetley Tea
2006 – 2010
• – Eight O’Clock Coffee,
Controversies and criticisms
Company, $220 million
$407 million • – Ritz Carlton Boston,
Munnar, Kerala
• – Daewoo $170 million The Kerala Government had filed an affidavit in the high
Commercial Vehicle • – Corus Group, court saying that Tata Tea had ’grabbed’ forest land of
Company, $12 billion 3000 acres at Munnar. The Tatas, on the other hand, say
$102 million • – PT Kaltim Prima Coal they possess 58,741.82 acres of land, which they are al-
• – NatSteel’s Steel (KPC) (Bumi lowed to retain under the Kannan Devan Hill (Resump-
business, Resources), $1.1 billion tion of Lands) Act, 1971, and there is a shortage of 278.23
$292 million • – Campton Place Hotel, hectares in that. Chief Minister of Kerala V.S.
• – Tyco Global San Francisco, Achuthanandan, who vowed to evict all government land
Network, $60 million in Munnar formed a special squad for the Munnar land
$130 million • – Imacid Chemical takeover mission. However, later he had to abort the mis-
• – Teleglobe Company, Morocco[26] sion as there were many other influential land grabbers
International • – General Chemical and faced opposition from his own party.
Holdings, Industrial Products,
$239 million $1 billion Kalinganagar, Orissa
• – Good Earth • – Jaguar Cars and Land On 2 January 2006, policemen at Kalinganagar, Orissa,
Corporation Rover, $2.3 billion opened fire at a crowd of tribal villagers. The villagers
• – Millennium Steel, • – Serviplem SA, Spain were protesting the construction of a compound wall on
Thailand, • – Comoplesa Lebrero land historically owned by them, for a Tata steel plant.
$167 million SA, Spain Some of the corpses were returned to the families in a
• – Brunner Mond • – Piaggio Aero mutilated condition. When pushed for comment, TATA
Chemicals, Industries S.p.A., Italy officials said the incident was unfortunate but that it
$120 million • – China Enterprise would continue with its plans to set up the plant.[29]
Communications, China
• – Neotel, South Africa Dow Chemical, Bhopal Gas Disaster
• – Miljo Grenland / In November 2006, survivors of the Bhopal gas disaster
Innovasjon, Norway were outraged by Ratan Tata’s offer to bail out Union Car-
bide and facilitate investments by Carbide’s new owner
Targets Dow Chemical. Tata had proposed leading a charitable ef-
• Close Brothers Group, $2.9 billion fort to clean-up the toxic wastes abandoned by Carbide
• Orient-Express Hotels, $2.5 billion in Bhopal. At a time when the Government of India has
• January 2008 – T-Systems International (IT division held Dow Chemical liable for the clean-up and requested
of Deutsche Telekom) Rs. 100 crores from the American MNC, survivor’s groups
felt that Tata’s offer was aimed at frustrating legal efforts
to hold the company liable, and motivated by a desire to
Recognition facilitate Dow’s investments in India.[30]
The international brand consultancy Brand Finance has
ranked the $68-billion conglomerate, Tata Group,as 50th Supplies to Burma’s military regime
most valuable brand in the world.The most recent Global Tata Motors reported deals to supply hardware and auto-
500 report by Brand Finance shows that despite the con- mobiles to Burma’s oppressive and anti-democratic mil-
troversies, Tata Group’s brand value has soared to itary junta has come in for criticism from human rights
$15.08 billion for the current year compared to $11.2 bil- and democracy activists. In December 2006, Gen. Thura
lion last year in 2010.[27] Shwe Mann, Myanmar’s chief of general staff visited the
Tata Motors plant in Pune.[31] In 2009, TATA Motors an-
Economic figures nounced that it would press ahead with plans to manu-
facture trucks in Myanmar.[32][33]
Tata gets more than 2/3 of its revenue from outside In-
dia.[26]
6
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tata Group
Land acquisition in Singur birds there, which are already endangered. Lake Natron
is where two thirds of Lesser Flamingos reproduce.[45]
The Singur controversy[34] in West Bengal led to further
Producing soda ash involves drawing out salt water from
questions over Tata’s social record, with protests by lo-
the lake, and then disposing the water back to the lake.
cals and political parties over the forced acquisition,
This process could interrupt the chemical make up of the
eviction and inadequate compensation to those farmers
lake.[43] Twenty-two African nations are against the cre-
displaced for the Tata Nano plant. As the protests grew,
ation of the project and have signed a petition to stop its
and despite having the support of the Communist Party
construction.[43]
of India (Marxist) state government, Tata eventually
pulled the project out of West Bengal, citing safety con-
cerns. The Singur controversy was one of the few oc- See also
casions when Ratan Tata was forced to publicly address
• Jamsetji Tata
criticisms and concerns on any environmental or social
• Dorabji Tata
issue. Ratan Tata subsequently embraced Narendra Modi,
• J.R.D.Tata
the Chief Minister of Gujarat, who quickly made land
• Ratan Tata
available for the Nano project.[35]
• Pallonji Mistry
• Corus Group
Dhamra Port • Noel Tata
On the environmental front, the Port of Dhamara contro-
versy has received significant coverage, both within In-
dia and in Tata’s emerging global markets.[36][37]
The Dhamra port, a venture between Tata Steel and References
Larsen & Toubro, has come in for criticism for its prox- [1] "GEO and GCC". Tata Group. http://www.tata.com/
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Soda extraction plant in Tanzania [6] Sirkin, Harold L; James W. Hemerling, and Arindam
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tata-swach/. Corporation". Ethicalcorp.com.
[21] "Tata, Corporate Social Responsibility and Milton http://www.ethicalcorp.com/
Friedman". 24 October 2005. content.asp?ContentID=5515. Retrieved 16 July
http://indianeconomy.org/2005/10/24/tata- 2010.
corporate-social-responsibility-and-milton- [38] http://www.tatasteel.com/dhamra-port-project-
friedman/=. and-olive-ridley-turtles.doc
[22] ^ "Ratan Tata did for the Mumbai Terrorist Attack [39] "Documents And Reports | Save the turtles".
Victims". 14 May 2010. Greenpeace.in. 12 June 2009. http://greenpeace.in/
http://www.pravsworld.com/content/inspiration/ turtle/category/docs. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tata Group
[40] "Sea dredging affecting Olive Ridley turtles, says http://allafrica.com/stories/200805160426.html.
green body". Thaindian.com. 5 April 2008. Retrieved 21 June 2009.
http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/ [45] Pathak, Maulik (31 October 2007). "Tata Chemicals’
enviornment/sea-dredging-affecting-olive-ridley- African safari hits green hurdle". The Economic
turtles-says-green-body_10034689.html. Retrieved Times (India).
16 July 2010. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/
[41] http://www.eco-dhamra.com/environment/pdf/ Chem__Fertilisers/
Greenpeace20Reply_July’07.pdf Tata_Chemicals_African_safari_hits_green_hurdle/
[42] http://www.eco-dhamra.com/environment/pdf/ articleshow/2504026.cms. Retrieved 21 June 2009.
Greenpeace20Reply_8thMar08.pdf
[43] ^ "Dar annoys neighbours over $400m soda ash
project". The East African (Nation Media Group). 5
External links
November 2007. http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/ • Tata Group Official website
news/-/2558/256646/-/t682syz/-/index.html. • Fortune Magazine 2002 profile
Retrieved 21 June 2009. • Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata: The founder of the Tata
[44] ^ Magubira, Patty (16 May 2008). "Tanzania: UK Empire Jamsetji Tata
Activists Pile Pressure Against Soda Ash Project". • Information about holding by Pallonji in Tata sons
The Citizen (Dar es Salaam: AllAfrica.com). • PUCL Report on Kalinganagar
• Tata Dhamra Project backgrounder
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Categories: Tata Group, Companies based in Mumbai, Family businesses, Companies established in 1868, Economy of
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