Development
With reference to a named area(s), describe the strategies taken to reduce the problem
of poor access to clean water and sanitation facilities. How effective have these
strategies been? [8]
Parivartan Slum Networking Programme in Ahmedabad,India
Situation before the programme
Total or partial absence of critical infrastructure like water supply, drainage, roads, toilets
and street lighting.
Over populated and congested.
Temporary structures with inadequate maintenance.
Lack of basic minimum education and insufficient skills.
Low income and poor standard of living.
Aims of the programme
Water supply to individual households.
Underground sewerage connection to individual households.
Toilets to individual households.
Paving of internal roads; lanes and by lanes in the slum localities.
Storm water drainage.
Street lighting.
Solid waste management
Results Achieved
Individual water taps in each house.
Residents are able to bathe everyday.
Long-term storage of drinking water no longer required.
Increase in income levels.
Reduction in incidence of disease.
Weakness of Slum Networking
No targets / milestones were set to monitor the performance of the implementing agency
The slums were not developed on priority basis,
The slum networking basically deals with notified slum and not with the other poor
settlements, and because of lack of funds the project could only be carried out in phases.
While it benefited some slums, majority are still deprived of clean water and sanitation
facilities.