Welcome to the American
Revolution Museum
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Lobby:
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Causes of the War
People Places
Events
People
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George Washington
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– From Virginia
– General of Continental Army
– At 21 in 1754, he was sent by
a British lieutenant to order – Led the training of
the French to leave the area inexperienced soldiers
known as the Ohio Valley and
protect a newly built fort-1st – Faced hardships with his
major event of his military soldiers at Valley Forge in the
career winter of 1777
– Chosen in 1775 by the 2nd – Led Continental Army to
Continental Congress to lead
the Continental Army victory over Britain
– 1st president of the United
States
More on Washington
– http://www.georgewashington.si.edu/life/chronology.ht
ml
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Benjamin Franklin
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– From Pennsylvania – Delegate from Pennsylvania to
– Author of Albany Plan-one of the Continental Congress
the first proposals for uniting – Part of the Committee to write
the colonies the Declaration of
– Published the “Join, or Die” Independence
cartoon – Known as one of our Founding
Fathers
More on Franklin
– http://bensguide.gpo.gov/benfranklin/
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Chief Pontiac
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Chief of Ottawa tribe – United tribes of the Great
– Wanted to stop the loss of Lakes and Ohio Valley region
Indian hunting lands against the British
– Leader of Pontiac’s Rebellion
More on Chief Pontiac
– http://www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/page/p/po
ntiac.shtml
King George III
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– King of England – Heavily taxed “British”
colonists
– Passed new laws to raise
money to support expenses
from the French and Indian
War
More on King George III
– http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page1480.asp
Places
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Ohio Valley
Information about it What happened there during
– Stretched for about 1,000 the Revolution?
miles along the Ohio River – Fighting between British and
from the Appalachian French/Indians
Mountains to the Mississippi
River
– Inhabited by Native Americans
– French and British each
believed this land belonged to
them because of early
exploration and settlement
More on Ohio Valley
– http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/artcenter.aspx
Fort Necessity
Information about it What happened there during
– Makeshift fort that George the Revolution?
Washington and Virginian – 600 French soldiers and 100
army built in case of attacks of their Indian allies attacked
from French it
– Located in Pennsylvania – The Virginians and
Washington surrendered,
outnumbered, and returned to
Virginia
More on Fort Necessity
– http://www.nps.gov/fone/
Paris
Information about it What happened there during
– Capital of France the Revolution?
– Negotiations between French
and British after French and
Indian War, British and
Americans after the
Revolutionary War
– Signing of Treaty of Paris of
1763
– Signing of Treaty of Paris of
1782
More on Paris
–
England
Information about it What happened there during the
– Country in Europe Revolution?
– British Parliament and King
– Island off the coast of France
George III met and passed new
laws for the colonies
– Home base for British soldiers
More on England
Events
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French and Indian War
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– War fought between – Victory led King George III to
French/Indian Allies and issue the Proclamation of 1763
which stated that colonists could
British
not buy land west of the
– Fought over the Ohio Valley Appalachians and settlers living
region there to leave at once
– British wanted region as an – Led to first step in angering
area for trade and growth colonists and wanting
independence
– French saw region as an
important link between
France’s holdings in Canada
and Louisiana
More on French and Indian War
Pontiac’s Rebellion
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Led by Chief Pontiac and – Led King George III to pass
united tribes, they attacked the Proclamation of 1763
British forts in the Ohio Valley because he thought it was the
region after the French and backcountry traders and
Indian War settlers fault
– Purpose was to attack forts
and gain guns and supplies to
use against the British
– Chief Pontiac wanted to stop
settlers from settling Indian
hunting lands
More on Pontiac’s Rebellion
Treaty of Paris of 1763
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Ended the French and Indian – Led settlers to move further
War when the French and the west, which caused Pontiac’s
British signed this peace treaty Rebellion
– Terms:
France gave Britain:
– Most of it’s land is present
day Canada
– Most of the land between
Mississippi River and the
Appalachian Mts.
Spain gave Britain Florida
More on Treaty of Paris of 1763
Proclamation of 1763
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Order from King George III to – Angered colonists because
the colonists to stop settling they thought their rights had
lands west of the Appalachian as citizens had been taken
Mts. and for those who away
already had, to leave
immediately
– Passed in the hope of
preventing more wars
between colonists and Native
Americans
More on Proclamation of 1763
The Acts
What were they? Importance in Revolution
– The Sugar Act: added a tax – Angered colonists because
on sugar and other goods they felt like they had no voice
coming into the colonies from in deciding on this tax law
other places – They led to the slogan “No
– The Stamp Act: placed a tax Taxation Without
on newspapers, almanacs, Representation”
pamphlets, all kinds of legal – Also led colonists to boycott,
documents, insurance policies, or refuse to buy, British goods
licenses, and even playing – Led a group of leaders to
cards write their rights and
– Townshend Acts: laws placed grievances to the king
taxes on lead, glass, paint,
paper, and tea brought into More on The Acts
the colonies
Beginning of the War
People Places
Events
People
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Sam Adams
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Cousin of John Adams – Member of the Sons of
– Member of Massachusetts Liberty-secretly attacked
legislature British officials and agents and
their homes and businesses
– Helped plan the Boston Tea
Party
More on Adams
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
British Soldiers
Who were they? Role in Revolution
– Professional soldiers from – Fought against the Continental
England Army during the Revolutionary
– Had the best training and the War
most experienced officers
– Nicknamed “Lobsterbacks”
and “Redcoats” by colonists
More on British Soldiers
British Parliament
Who were they? Role in Revolution
– Lawmaking body of the British – Made decisions along with the
government in London, King of England, King George III,
that dealt with the war and new
England
laws for the colonists
More on British Parliament
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Paul Revere
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Boston silversmith – Painted portrait of Boston
Massacre
– Made the Midnight Ride
– Member of the Sons of Liberty
More on Revere
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Crispus Attucks
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Former slave – Many people considered him
the first person to be killed in
the struggle for American
liberty in the Boston Massacre
More on Attucks
1st and 2nd Continental Congress
Who were they? Role in Revolution
– Representatives from the – Wrote a peace petition and
colonies sent it to the British
– 56 delegates were present at Parliament and King George
Philadelphia’s Carpenter’s Hall III
– They met at first to discuss – Formed the Continental Army
ways they might respond to – Approved the Declaration of
the British threat, later to Independence
work on the new – Set up the new government
independence of America for America under the Articles
of the Confederation
More on Continental Congress
Minutemen
Who were they? Role in Revolution
– Massachusetts colonists who – Fought at Lexington and
formed a special militia unit Concord against the British,
– Got their name because they “The Shot Heard Around the
could be ready in a minute to World”, it marked the
defend Massachusetts beginning of the Revolutionary
War
More on Minutemen
Places
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Boston
Information about it What happened there during the
– Located in the colony-then, Revolution?
state-now of Massachusetts – British troops home base
– Boston Massacre
– Boston Tea Party
More on Boston
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Boston Harbor
Information about it What happened there during
– Located on the east coast of the Revolution?
Boston – The Boston Tea Party
– Leads into Atlantic Ocean
– Ships continually went in and
out with imports and exports
More on Boston Harbor
Lexington & Concord
Information about them What happened there during
– Cities located in the Revolution?
Massachusetts – First battles that marked the
beginning of the Revolutionary
War
– Shot Heard Around the World
More on Lexington
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
More on Concord
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Philadelphia
Information about it What happened there during
– City in Pennsylvania the Revolution?
– Housed the Continental
Congress at Carpenter’s Hall,
later Independence Hall
– Declaration of Independence
signed and read here
More on Philadelphia
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
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Events
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Boston Massacre
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Violent crowd of colonists – Angered colonists even more
gathered across from British
soldiers shouting insults at
them and throwing snowballs
– A fight breaks out and shots
are fired
– 5 colonists are killed
More on Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Members of the Sons of – Angered King George III and
Liberty boarded the British the British Parliament
ships in the Boston Harbor, – Provoked England to pass
disguised as Mohawk Indians, more laws like the Boston Port
and broke open 342 tea Bill-which closed the port of
chests and dumped the tea Boston until the colonists paid
into the harbor for the destroyed tea
More on Boston Tea Party
Shot Heard Around the World
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– General Thomas Gage of the – Marked the first battles of the
British army learned that two Revolutionary War
of the Sons of Liberty were
meeting in a village in
Lexington and that Minutemen
were storing weapons in
Concord
– The British army marched to
Lexington but were met by
the minutemen, shots were
fired
More on Shot Heard Around the World
Midnight Ride
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Paul Revere rode through the – Prepared the minutemen, so
streets from Lexington to that they were ready when
Concord to warn the Sons of the British showed up
Liberty and the minutemen
that the British were coming
More on Midnight Ride
During the War
People Places
Events
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Continental Army
Who were they? Role in Revolution
– Colonial soldiers who had – Fought against the British
never fought as an army army in the Revolutionary War
before
More on Continental Army
Mercenaries
Who were they? Role in Revolution
– Soldiers who serve for pay in – King George III ordered them
the military of a foreign to be hired to enlarge the
government British army to fight the
– Most were from Germany, colonists
many were Hessians, from the
Hesse region of Germany
More on Mercenaries
Thomas Jefferson
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Continental Congress delegate – Chief writer of the Declaration
from Virginia of Independence
More on Jefferson
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Thomas Paine
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Colonist who published the – People read his pamphlet and
pamphlet, Common Sense began to urge for
independence
More on Paine
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
John Adams
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Massachusetts delegate of the – Part of the committee chosen
Continental Congress to write the Declaration of
– Later, 2nd president of the Independence
United States – Known as one of the Founding
Fathers of America
More on Adams
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
John Hancock
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Colonial leader and delegate – President of the Continental
from Congress
– Member of the Sons of Liberty
– Signed the Declaration of
Independence first
– Signed it so big so that King
George III could read it, John
Hancock now means a
person’s signature
More on Hancock
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Patriots
Who were they? Role in Revolution
– Those colonists who – Fought in the war
supported independence – Ran businesses and farms
while men were away
fighting
More on Patriots
Loyalists
Who were they? Role in Revolution
– Those colonists who remained – Housed British soldiers
loyal to King George III and – Fought in the war
England
More on Loyalists
Francis Marion
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Led daring raids against the
– Nicknamed “The Swamp Fox” British in South Carolina
by the British because they
could never catch him
More on Marion
Nathan Hale
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Young Continental Army – Volunteered to spy as a Dutch
soldier from Connecticut school teacher to get
information Washington
needed
– Was captured and later hung
by the British
– Quoted as saying: ”I only
regret that I have but one life
to lose for my country”
More on Hale
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
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Places
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Breed’s Hill
Information about it What happened there during
– In Massachusetts, near Boston the Revolution?
– Battle of Bunker’s Hill
More on Breed’s Hill
Independence Hall
Information about it What happened there during
– Located in Philadelphia, the Revolution?
Pennsylvania – Congress met here to sign the
– Once called Philadelphia’s Declaration of Independence
Carpenter’s Hall – Declaration of Independence
was read out loud here on
July 8, 1776
More on Independence Hall
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Valley Forge
Information about it What happened there during
– In Pennsylvania, near the Revolution?
Philadelphia – General Washington set up
– During Winter of 1777 headquarters here for the
winter
– His ragtag army almost was
wiped out by cold, hunger,
and disease
– Many died here
– Troops were trained hard here
and were ready to go by
Spring
More on Valley Forge
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Saratoga
Information about it What happened there during
– Located in New York the Revolution?
– Battle of Saratoga, an
important Continental Army
defeat of British
More on Saratoga
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Events
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Battle of Bunker Hill
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Actually took place on near by – Although in the end the
Breed’s Hill, but it was colonists lost, it showed the
misnamed Bunker Hill and the British that fighting the
name stuck colonists would not be easy
– Massachusetts soldiers began
to build earthworks, or walls
of earth and stone, to protect
themselves against the British
– General Gage of the British
heard about this and ordered
an attack
More on Battle of Bunker Hill
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Common Sense
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– A pamphlet that Thomas Paine – Colonists read and talked
wrote about this amongst
– In it, Paine questioned the themselves and began to urge
right of any king to rule over for independence
anyone, called for a
revolution, and challenged the
British colonists to cut their
ties with the British
government
More on Common Sense
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Declaration of Independence
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Took Thomas Jefferson 17 – All delegates of the 13
days to write it colonies signed it, making it a
– Several parts to it unanimous document stating
– Preamble (1st part) he states that the colonies were free
why the Declaration was and independent states
needed
– 2nd part he describes the
colonists’ main ideas about
government
– 3rd part he listed the colonists
grievances, or complaints,
against the British king and
Parliament
More on Declaration of Independence
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Battle of Saratoga
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– A battle that took place in – Patriots were overjoyed at the
New York news
– October 1777 – It became a turning point in
– The Americans defeated a the war- it caused important
British army of more than and dramatic change in favor
5,000 soldiers led by British of the Continental Army and
General John Burgoyne the colonists
– There the British had one of
their worst defeats in the war
More on Battle of Saratoga
End of the War
People Places
Events
People
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General Cornwallis
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– From England – General of the British army
– Educated and moved through – Was defeated and forced to
the ranks of the British army surrender at the Battle of
Yorktown
– Ultimately blamed for the loss
to the colonists during the
Revolutionary War
More on Cornwallis
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Alexander Hamilton
Who was he? Role in Revolution
– Born in the West Indies – Colonel in the Continental
– Got is education in New York Army
– Moved through the ranks of – Defeated General Cornwallis
the Continental Army at an with help from French troops
early age in the Battle of Yorktown
More on Hamilton
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Places
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Yorktown
Information about it What happened there during
– Located in Virginia the Revolution?
– British and General Cornwallis – The last major battle of the
set up headquarters at here Revolutionary War
– Americans defeated the
British, Cornwallis was forced
to surrender
More on Yorktown
– http://pbskids.org/libertyskids/archive.html
Annapolis
Information about it What happened there after the
– Located in Maryland Revolution?
– United States Naval Academy
was opened here
More on Annapolis
Events
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The Surrender
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Battle of Yorktown – Cornwallis surrendered
– French and American troops – British soldiers marched out of
surrounded Cornwallis on land Yorktown and laid down their
– French navy took control of weapons
the Chesapeake Bay – Although the war did not end
– Now the British army was here, it was clear at this point
trapped who had won the war!
More on The Surrender
Treaty of Paris of 1783
What was it? Importance in Revolution
– Peace treaty signed in Paris – It officially ended the
between the British and the Revolutionary War and named
Americans the United States of America
– America wanted the British as a new country and
king and Parliament to accept described its borders from
American independence and Florida in the south to the
remove all British soldiers Great Lakes in the north and
from American soil west to the Mississippi River
– America also wanted the
British to pay the colonists of
any damage during the war
More on Treaty of Paris of 1783
Effects of the War
People Places
Events
People
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Other Countries
Who were they? Role after the Revolution
– Dutch – Began to trade freely with
– French America
– Spanish
– Portuguese
More on Other Countries
Settlers
Who were they? Role after the Revolution
– Colonists who wanted to move – Began to expand the United
west into the new territory like States population
Ohio and Indiana
More on Settlers
Places
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Appalachian Mountains
Information about it What happened there after the
– Located from Georgia to Revolution?
Maine on the east coast of the – Settlers began to move into
United States this land and build permanent
settlements
More on Appalachian Mountains
Events
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Westward Movement
What was it? Importance after the
– Settlers began to move from Revolution
the bustling towns in the New – Opened up a whole new idea
England and Mid-Atlantic to America on expanding the
colonies to the new territory land
along the Appalachian Mts.,
following Indian trails and
making there way through the
tough terrain
More on Westward Movement
Military Expansion
What was it? Importance after the
– Congress later established a Revolution
regular, full time army – The military and revolution
– They also provided leaders for became a model for later
the military by establishing revolutions by other countries,
schools to train the officers including those in South
like West Point in New York America
and United States Naval
Academy in Annapolis,
Maryland
More on Military Expansion
Articles of Confederation
What was it? Importance after the
– Laws for the new country to Revolution
follow under the federal – First constitution for the new
government country
– They were passed by – The government hoped to
representatives in Congress bring together the 13
independent states into “a
firm league of leadership”
More on Articles of Confederation