Manajemen Operasi
Layout
Akhir Matua Harahap
Layout
• Layout: (related to)
– Capacity
– Process
– Flexiblity and cost
– Quality of work life
– Customer contact
– Image
……..Objective
• The objective of layout strategy is to
develop an economic (a cost-effective)
layout that meets the firm’s competitive
needs.
– Strategy: differentiation, low cost and
response
– Long-run efficiency of operation
……..Design
• Layout design: (combination of science and art)
– Higher utilization of space, equipment, and people
– Improve flow of information, materials, or people
– Improve employee morale and safer working
conditions
– Improve customer/client interaction
– Flexibility (whatever the layout is now, it will need to
change)
……..Dynamic
• Dynamic layout: (short-life cycle, mass-
customzed world)
– Small
– Movables
– Flexible equipment
– Case: Store display
……..Types
• Types of layout:
– Office layout
– Retail layout
– Warehouse layout
– Fixed-position layout
– Process-oriented layout
– Work-cell layout
– Product-oriented layout
……..Good
• A good layout requires determining
the following:
– Material handling equipment
– Capacity and space requirements
– Environment and aesthetics
– Flows of information
– Cost of moving between various work areas
……..Strategy (1)
Layout strategy
Types of layout Objective Problems/issues Examples
Positions workers, their
equipment, space/offices Locate workers
to provide for requiring
Microsoft
Office layout movement of frequent
corp
information (max. contact close to
information flows) one another
Allocates shelf space and
responds to customer Expose customer
Retail layout behavior (product to high-margin Supermarket
exposure) items
……..Strategy (2)
Layout strategy
Addresses trade-offs
Balance low- cost
between space and
storage with
Warehouse layout material handling
low-cost
(storage) (optim. storage space &
material
material handling cost)
handling
Addresses the leyout
requirements of large,
bulky projects such as Moved material to
Fixed-position ships and buildings the limited
layout (minimize material storage aeras
(Project) handling cost and around the site
limited space)
……..Strategy (3)
Layout strategy
Deals with low-volume, Manage varied
Process-oriented
high-variety production material flow Hospital
layout (job
(minimize travel for each Cafe
shop)
distances time) product
Arranges machinery and
Identify a product
equipment to focus on
family, build
Work-cell layout production of a single
teams, cross
(product family) product or group of
train team
related product (reduce
members
material travel)
Seeks the best personnel
Product-oriented and machine utilization Equalize the task Sony’s TV
layout in repetitive or time at each assembly
(Repetitive/ continuous production workstation line
contnuous) (reducing waste)