Enzymes
Biological Catalysts
Activation Energy
Why don’t
thermodynamically
favorable reactions
occur without the aid
of enzymes?
Activation Energy
How can the rate of a
cellular reaction be
increased?
Enzymes
Enzymes
What properties do all catalysts share?
Enzymes
What is the active site and how is it related to
the structure of the enzyme?
Enzymes
What are prosthetic groups and how do
they aid enzymes?
Why does a cell need thousands of
different enzymes to function properly?
Enzymes
How are enzymes
affected by
temperature? pH?
Enzymes
How does the
induced fit model of
substrate binding
compare with the
older lock and key
model?
Enzymes
Once substrate
molecules are bound
how do enzymes
bring about catalysis?
Enzyme Kinetics
What are the factors that influence the rate
of an enzyme catalyzed reaction?
Enzyme Kinetics
For a given amount of
enzyme what is the
relationship between
reaction velocity and
substrate
concentration?
Enzyme Kinetics
How can one explain the observations of
Michaelis and Menten?
k1 k2
E + S ES P
k-1
V max [S]
V init =
KM + [S]
Enzyme Kinetics
What are Vmax and Km and why are they
important to cells?
What is the turnover number (Kcat)?
Enzyme Kinetics
Of what use is the Lineweaver-Burk equation
and plot?
Enzyme Kinetics
What specifically distinguishes reversible
enzyme inhibition from irreversible
inhibition?
Enzyme Kinetics
What distinguishes competitive inhibition from
non-competitive inhibition?
Enzyme Regulation
What is meant by substrate-level
regulation?
How does feedback inhibition control
enzyme activity?
Enzyme Regulation
Enzyme Regulation
How do allosteric enzymes differ from
other kinds of enzymes?
What are allosteric effectors?
Enzyme Regulation
How does allosteric regulation work?
Enzyme Regulation
What is cooperativity?
How is covalent modification different from
allosteric regulation?
Enzyme Regulation
Enzyme Regulation
Which enzymes are
regulated by
proteolytic cleavage?
Ribozymes
What led to the idea that RNA could
function as an enzyme?
How did this discovery alter our view of the
origin of life?
Ribozymes