C 0

							Getting Started with C++


        Yingcai Xiao
         09/03/08
               Outline
What (is C++)
Who (created C++)
How (to write a C++ program)
                        C++
  What is C++?
    C++ is an object-oriented programming language.

 Who created C++?
    Bjarne Stroustrup, while at AT&T.
    (now, a professor in Computer Science at Texas
A&M University)
    http://www.research.att.com/~bs/
                        C++
C++ by Bjarne Stroustrup :
• FAQ:
  http://www.research.att.com/~bs/bs_faq.html
  http://www.research.att.com/~bs/bs_faq2.html#simple-
  program
• Books:
  The C++ Programming Language
  The Design and Evolution of C++
• Recommendations:
  http://www.research.att.com/~bs/C++.html
  http://www.research.att.com/~bs/glossary.html
  "C++ coding standards“ by Sutter and Alexandrescu.
  http://www.research.att.com/~bs/JSF-AV-rules.pdf
     C++ and Other Programming Languages

C: a non-object-oriented programming language, a subset of C++.
Java: write-once, run-anywhere
Needs JRE (Java Runtime Environment).
Started simple and complexity being added later.
“Java isn't platform independent; it is a platform.”
.NET: any programming language and any-platform
    Needs to confirm to CTS (Common Type System).
    Needs to run through CLR (Common Language Runtime).
    .Net Code are called managed code.
C++.NET: Managed C++. A subset of C++ confirms to CTS and runs
through CLR.
C++/CLI: extensions of C++ to CLI (Common Language Infrastructure).
Better than managed C++.
C#: A better Java confirms to CTS and runs through CLR. Runs only in
.NET. C(+)n , n=0,2,4,?
                      C++ Compiler
http://www.research.att.com/~bs/compilers.html
GNU C++
http://gcc.gnu.org/
Cygwin: is a Linux-like environment for Windows
http://www.cygwin.com/
Microsoft Visual Studio
             Coding with an IDE (MS Visual Studio 2008)

Using Start->Program Files-> MS Visual Studio 2008-> MS Visual
    Studio 2008
Select C++ as default environment if prompted to.
File->New->Project->
    Other Languages->Visual C++->Win32->Win32 Console
    Application
    Name: test
    Location:
    My Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects
Note: Put all your projects under the directory. It is actually mapped to
    C:\Documents and Settings\YourID\My Documents\Visual Studio
    2008\Projects. This directory is carried over if you log onto
    different lab computers and is protected from other users.
         Coding with an IDE (MS Visual Studio 2008)

   Ok
Welcome to the Win32 Application Wizard
   Next
   Console application
   Empty project
Project->Add->New Item->Visual C++->Code->C++ File (.cpp)
   Name: test
          Coding with an IDE (MS Visual Studio 2008)

Enter the following code
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
 cout << "Hello, World! " << endl;
 cout << "Pleas enter 'end' to end the program: "<< endl;
 char a;
 cin >> a;
}

Build->Build test
Debug->Start Without Debugging
Or double click:
My Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\test\debug\test.exe
           Coding without an IDE
•   Follow parts 1-3 at the following site to install cygwin and c++
    (g++)
    http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/moac/currentstudents/peter_coc
    k/cygwin/
•   Start->Program File->Cygwin->Cygwin Bash Shell
    To see the path of your Cygwin home directory:
    pwd        (ignore /cygdrive/)
    To go to your Z drive:
    cd Z:
    To create a working directory:
    mkdir oop
    To move to the working directory:
    cd oop
   Coding without an IDE
To create a program:
notepad test.cpp
Cut-and-paste an example program from
http://www.cs.uakron.edu/~xiao/oop/C++Examples.zip
file->save
file->exit

To compile the program:
g++ test.cpp –o test

To run the program:
./test
              Your first C++ Program
/*
     Hello.cpp.
     This program demonstrates basic io, storage and computation in C++
     Author: Dr. Xiao (9/6/07).
*/

#include <iostream>         // head file for predefined io classes and objects
#include <string>           // head file for the predefined string class
#include <math.h>           // math.h: head file of math functions in c
                            // can't omit .h, but can use <cmath> instead.
using namespace std;        // all names are in the std namespace

int main() {
         // primitive data types
         int i;
         float f;
         char a;
         // pre-defined classes
         string so,si;
       Your first C++ Program
    // basic io and computation
    cout << “Hello! \n”
    so = "Please enter ";
    cout << so;
    cout << "a string: ";
    cin >> si;
    cout << si << endl;
    cout << "Please enter an integer: ";
    cin >> i;
    cout << "You square of " << i << " is " << i*i << endl;
    cout << "Please enter a floating point number: ";
    cin >> f;
    cout << "The square root of " << f << " is " << sqrt(f) << endl;
    so += "'q' to end: ";
    cout << so;
    cin >> a;
}