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Log Number Filename First name Last name
102 Toste Anthony Toste
103 Van Cleef Doug Van Cleef
104 104 swanson Craig Swanson
105 pacheco Adriano Pacheco
107 Loveland Walter Loveland
108 Griffin Matthew Griffin
109 Maria do Carmo Freitas
110 Maria do Carmo Freitas
111 ellis Kenneth Ellis
112 Anderson1 David Anderson
113 shypailo Roman Shypailo
114 GUILLERMO ESPINOSA
115 GUILLERMO ESPINOSA
117 Ridone Sandro Ridone
119 Andrews William Andrews
120 Andrews William Andrews
121 121 Westphal George Westphal
122 122 corwin Eric Corwin
123 Vermaercke Peter Vermaercke
124 Paul Rick Paul
126 Creber Katherine Creber
127 Creber Katherine Creber
128 Korschinek Gunther Korschinek
129 Vo Duc Vo
130 130 canella Lea Canella
131 Olson Cheryl Olson
132 Ahmed Yusuf Aminu Ahmed
134 Oona Hain Oona
135 ZONA.xls Cristiano Zona
136 erdmann Nicole Erdmann
139 Farmer-1 Orville (Tom) Farmer III
140 Farmer-2 Orville (Tom) Farmer III
141 Farmer-2 Orville (Tom) Farmer III
142 Petit LE PETIT Gilbert
143 Anderson1 David Anderson
144 Garg Amar Nath Garg
145 mascanzoni Daniele Mascanzoni
146 Suzuki.xls Tatsuya Suzuki
147 van Sluijs Robbert van Sluijs
148 Ohtsuka Yoshihito Ohtsuka
149 troyer1 Gary Troyer
150 keyser1 Ronald Keyser
151 keyser2 Ronald Keyser
152 keyser3 Ronald Keyser
153 Nicholson Gordon Nicholson
154 Klimenko_1.xls Alexei Klimenko
155 klimenko2.xls Alexei Klimenko
156 Komura Kazuhisa Komura
157 Douglas Matthew Douglas
158 sapp Benjamin Sapp
159 Engelmann1 Mark Engelmann
160 Engelmann2 Mark Engelmann
161 lima Inaya Lima
162 Bronson Frazier Bronson
163 zhao Pihong Zhao
164 ABUGASSA IBRAHIM ABUGASSA
165 165 Kersting Annie Kersting
167 olsen Khris Olsen
168 Bachelor Paula Bachelor
169 Appelhans Anthony Appelhans
170 Rawool-Sullivan Mohini Rawool-Sullivan
171 Segebade Christian Segebade
172 katzlberger_1 Christian Katzlberger
174 Kurosaki Hiromu Kurosaki
175 Outola Iisa Outola
176 Morton John S. Morton
177 Inn Kenneth G.W. Inn
179 Nour Svetlana Nour
180 Nour Svetlana Nour
181 kucera Jan Kucera
182 LaRosa Jerome LaRosa
183 Mitchell Mark Mitchell
184 Foltz Biegalski Kendra Foltz Biegalski
185 Filliben James J. Filliben
186 186 hoffman Darleane Hoffman
187 Friese Judah Friese
188 Povinec Pavel P. Povinec
190 Stewart Barry Stewart
191 Hensley Walter Hensley
193 Buff Carolyn Buff
194 Smith David Smith
196 Goerner Wolf Goerner
197 121 Westphal George Westphal
198 Huntley Mark Huntley
199 Woodring_FNS Mitchell Woodring
200 Povinec Pavel P. Povinec
201 Brockman John Brockman
202 Knox Anna Knox
203 Knox Anna Knox
205 Woodring1 Mitchell Woodring
206 Efurd Deward W. Efurd
207 Hofstetter Kenneth Hofstetter
208 Hofstetter Kenneth Hofstetter
210 Hrnecek Erich Hrnecek
211 De Corte Frans De Corte
212 Almeida Marta Almeida
213 smolander.xls Petri Smolander
214 Haas Derek Haas
215 Sommers James Sommers
216 Cummings Daniel Cummings
217 Giglio Jeffrey Giglio
218 steinhauser.xls Georg Steinhauser
219 sterba Johannes H. Sterba
220 Lartigue Juan Lartigue
221 Hirose Katsumi Hirose
222 Zsolt Révay Zsolt Révay
223 Harris Lennox Harris
224 Williamson Craig Williamson
225 Gutteridge John Gutteridge
226 Landsberger Sheldon Landsberger
227 Turner1 Mary Turner
228 Turner2 Mary Turner
229 whitney Scott M. Whitney
230 Hamilton Terry F. Hamilton
231 Hamilton Terry Hamilton
232 Wielopolski Oded Doron
233 Doron Oded Doron
234 Biegalski Steven Biegalski
235 Yusof(1) Alias Mohd Yusof
236 Yusof (2) Alias Mohd Yusof
237 Yusof (3) Alias Mohd Yusof
238 wojcik Marcin Wojcik
239 marc_vii_pomme_abstract1 Stefaan Pommé
240 Spasova Yana Spasova
241 SAIKI Mitiko Saiki
242 SAIKI Mitiko Saiki
243 reinert Dustin Reinert
246 Bamba Shigeru Bamba
247 zeisler Rolf Zeisler
248 Runkle Robert Runkle
249 Yoon Yoon Yeol Yoon
250 mommsen Hans Mommsen
251 Sheldon Landsberger
252 Plastino Wolfango Plastino
253 Aardaneh Khosro Aardaneh
254 Schwantes_1 Jon Schwantes
255 Schwantes2 Jon Schwantes
256 Morgenstern Uwe Morgenstern
257 marc_vii_pomme_abstract2 Stefaan Pommé
258 Tamás Belgya
259 Belgya2 Tamás Belgya
260 Potter William Potter
261 spitz1 Henry Spitz
262 spitz2 Henry Spitz
263 Dugan Daniel Dugan
264 guthrie.xls James Guthrie
265 plionis Alexander Plionis
266 CETINERNO.xls KENAN ÜNLÜ
267 CETINERMS.xls KENAN ÜNLÜ
268 David Glasgow
269 Biegalski Steven Biegalski
270 Trinidad Martinez
271 UNLU Kenan Ünlü
272 Kouzes Richard Kouzes
273 Mathews.xls Kirk Mathews
274 Tien Keh Li
275 Bowden Nathaniel Bowden
276 Shinji Ueda
277 tarkanyi1 Ferenc Tárkányi
278 ditroi1 Ferenc Ditrói
279 DEGETTO SANDRO DEGETTO
280 Jurkin Denis Jurkin
281 Nielsen Erik Nielsen
282 Ball Lary Ball
283 James William James
284 Bachelor Paula Bachelor
285 Robinson Sean Robinson
286 Wierczinski Birgit Wierczinski
287 Bond Evelyn Bond
288 ridone2 Sandro Ridone
289 ridone3 Sandro Ridone
290 Michlik Michael Michlik
291 aarnio Pertti Aarnio
292 Ala-heikkila Jarmo Ala-Heikkilä
293 Hughes Lara Hughes
294 McElroy Robert McElroy
295 MORZENTI.xls Sabrina Morzenti
296 Lee Kil Yong Lee
298 Buff Carolyn Buff
299 morris Steve Morris
300 tan Hui Tan
302 Perry Dale Perry
303 Perry Dale Perry
304 Minogue1 Edel Minogue
305 McIntyre_1 Justin McIntyre
306 aalseth Craig Aalseth
307 Whitney Scott M. Whitney
308 Tkac1 Peter Tkac
309 Tkac2 Peter Tkac
310 HATSUKAWA Yuichi HATSUKAWA
311 Brodzinski Ron Brodzinski
312 aign Joerg Aign
313 Happel Steffen Happel
314 hakulinen Timo Hakulinen
315 Toh Yosuke Toh
316 REIMER Michael Reimer
317 Andrews John Andrews
319 ramebeck.xls Henrik Ramebäck
320 nygren.xls Ulrika Nygren
321 tovedal.xls Annika Tovedal
322 Klouda1 George Klouda
323 Klouda2 George Klouda
324 DiPrete David DiPrete
325 DiPrete David DiPrete
326 berlizov1 Andrey Berlizov
327 berlizov2 Andrey Berlizov
328 berlizov3 Andrey Berlizov
329 Bowers Delbert Bowers
330 sullivan Vivian Sullivan
331 Jerome Simon Jerome
332 Jerome Simon Jerome
333 Jerome Simon Jerome
334 Jerome Simon Jerome
335 Jerome Simon Jerome
336 Jerome Simon Jerome
337 MENENDEZ SANCHEZ Wilber Menendez Sanchez
338 lucanikova Mária Lučaníková
339 Griffin Henry Griffin
340 Mignerey Alice Mignerey
341 laubenstein Matthias Laubenstein
342 baker John Baker
343 Huang Xudong Huang
344 Marouli Maria Marouli
345 HEVIA A Chatt
346 McGrath Christopher McGrath
347 Lindstrom Richard Lindstrom
348 Goldstein Steve Goldstein
349 croft.doc Ram Venkataraman
350 CALMET Dominique CALMET
351 ESTEP Robert Estep
352 Beasley Daniel Beasley
353 C Butler
354 Abstract Pointurier MarcVII Fabien POINTURIER
355 BONARDI.xls Mauro L. Bonardi
356 Hoppe Eric Hoppe
357 Rynes Joel Rynes
358 Hansen Randy Hansen
359 Momayezi Michael Momayezi
360 santos.xls Santos
Luís Gustavo Cofani dos
361 Elliston James Elliston
362 HAVEL Josef Havel
363 Andy Ma
364 Mohammed Najat Mohammed
365 Alfuraih Abdulrahman Alfuraih
368 Addleman R. Shane Addleman
369 CHATT Amares Chatt
370 NYARKO Benjamin J.B. Nyarko
371 SERFOR-ARMAH a Chatt
372 Greis1 Christina Greis
373 Greis2 Christina Greis
374 Ely James Ely
375 Padoani Franca Padoani
376 FUKUSHIMA Michiko Fukushima
377 Sheldon Landsberger
378 Companis Iulia Companis
379 Muramatsu Yasuyuki MURAMATSU
380 Takada Yukari Takada
381 DUKE M. John M. DUKE
382 Facetti-Masulli Juan F. Facetti-Masulli
383 abuelhia Elfatih Abuelhia
385 Franca Elvis J. França
386 Sadeghi mahdi Sadeghi
387 Payne Rosara Payne
388 Takacs1 Sandor Takacs
389 DeVol1 Timothy DeVol
390 Li Zhao
391 Brachet Guy Brachet
393 Tandon Lav Tandon
394 Hastings Elizabeth Hastings
395 Currie Lloyd Currie
398 Bond Evelyn Bond
399 Bode Peter Bode
400 Bode Peter Bode
401 Dry Donald Dry
402 HAVEL Josef Havel
404 Yanev Yanko Yanev
405 Green Taylor Green
406 Friedrich Stephan Friedrich
407 bores1 Norman Bores
408 bores2 Norman Bores
409 Eiden Gregory Eiden
410 Odintsov Oleksiy Odintsov
411 Odintsov Oleksiy Odintsov
412 Odintsov Oleksiy Odintsov
413 Каlynovsky Аlexendr Каlynovsky
416 Dion Heather Dion
417 miley
reviewer 1 reviewer 2
Troyer Larosa
Ken Inn Simon Jerome
Chatt Paul
Braisted Doron
J. Schwantes E. Bond
Aardaneh Groppi
Pacheo Landsberger
van Sluijs Landsberger
Alfuraih (Spyrou) Lee
Santos (Fernandes) Mohammed(Chatt)
Lee Alfuraih (Spyrou)
Mohd Yusof Wojcik
Reimer Mohd Yusof
S.Jerome Eric Hoppe
Kersting Dion
Baik DEGETTO
Chatt Lindstrom
Biegalski Fukushima
Chatt Bode
Chatt Fernandes
van Sluijs Andrews
Payne Odintsov
Cummings Giglio
Brodzinski Bowden
Aardaneh Révay
Ahmed Almeida
Landsberger Fenandes
A. Applehans L. Ball
Morzenti/Groppi Ditrói
Komura Takada
Hirose Martinez
U. Nygren R. Steiner
Y. Muramatsu S. Goldstein
Kendra M. Foltz Biegalski Sean Robinson
? DougVan Cleef ?John S. Morton
Buff (Morris) James
U.Morgenstern P.P.Bachelor
B. Wierczinski S.Ridone
Freitas Steinhauser
Povinec Plastino
Toste Mitchell
Sean Robinson K. J. Hofstetter
Tan McGrath
McIntyre Wojcik
Momayezi Kalynovsky
Johnson Nour
K. J. Hofstetter Randy Hansen
Povinec Hirose
McGrath Klimenko
Momayezi Klouda
A. Applehans D.W. Efurd
H. Rameback S. LaMont
Buff (Morris) Abugassa
Berlizov Douglas
Farmer III Plastino
Brockman (Morris) Lima
William S. Andrews Nour
Zhao Martinez
J.Friese Klouda
H. Rameback R. Steiner
Brodzinski Griffin
Bode Morris
Turner Knox
Alistair Forbes Andy Pearce
Hamilton Odintsov
Anderson ?Annika Tovedal
?Kirk Mathews ?S. Pommé
Kersting Hughes
Belgya Huntley
Brockman (Morris) Zeisler
Ueda Wierczinski
Toste Troyer
Pertti Aarnio W. Hennig
Simon Jerome Andy Pearce
D. Vieira J. D. Baker
P.P.Bachelor (S.Jerome)
Zhao Laubenstein
Unlu Venkataraman
D. A. Haas K. J. Hofstetter
Zeisler Lima
A.V. Klimenko Elizabeth P. Hastings
Chatt Westphal
Bronson Tan
Klouda Nicholson
Friedrich McElroy
Erdmann Laubenstein
Kranda (Kucera) Berilzov (Filby)
Hamilton Turner
Katzlberger McIntyre
Lav Tandon S. Biegalski
G. Payne K. Olsen
Ronald M. Keyser Mitchell Woodring
A.V. Klimenko Lav Tandon
Erdmann Ohtsuka
Brockman (Morris) Ma (Spyrou)
Glasgow Steinhauser
? PP Bachelor ?A. Plionis
S. Robinson W. Hennig
S. LaMont D.W. Efurd
DiPrete Tkac
DiPrete Tkac
Yoon Fernandes
Yoon Almeida
Zeisler Yanev
Farmer III Ohtsuka
Morzenti/Groppi Canella
Mohini Ely
Clark Lartigue
Lartigue Williamson
Choudhury (Garg) Guthrie (Morris)
Katzlberger Biegalski
Knox Facetti-Masulli
Chatt DE Corte
Knox Greis
Spasova Outola
Sterba Miley
Sterba Andrews
Zhao REASSIGN
Reimer Odintsov
Klouda William S. Andrews
Addleman ESPINOSA
ESPINOSA Keyser
Happel Odintsov
Jerome Hamilton
Morris Beasley (Spyrou)
Abugassa Lamari (Landsberger)
Chatt Goerner
Chatt Brodzinski
Kranda (Kucera) James
Estep Griffin
de Franca Almeida
Chatt Perry
Hatsukawa Gels
Olsen Havel
DUKE Canella
E. Bond W. Loveland
J. FitzPatrick M. Sadeghi
D.Mascanzoni J.Friese
Alistair Forbes Andy Pearce
Hakulinen Lindstrom
Kerschner Perry
Alistair Forbes Andy Pearce
Baisted Landsberger
Baik Zhao
Glasgow Gels
Lamari (Landsberger) Lucanikova (Kucera)
Arvic Harms Simon Jerome
Abuelhia Aalseth
Sapp Stewart
Doron Andrews
Mitchell Woodring Sean Robinson
Komura Povinec
Williamson Zeisler
Harris Vo
Alistair Forbes Andy Pearce
Harris Kouzes
Vo Kouzes
Aign Tkac
Bonardi Griffin
Bonardi Révay
Facetti-Masulli Odintsov
Eric Hoppe T.Suzuki
?Dominique CALMET ?Lloyd A. Currie
Y. Muramatsu O.T. Farmer
Lucanikova (Kucera) Buff (Morris)
?P. Smolander ?Donald E. Dry
Elizabeth P. Hastings Randy Hansen
Berlizov Tkac
M. Sadeghi J. D. Baker
B. Wierczinski N.Bores
B, Wierczinski D. Jurkin
Chatt Fukushima
Sapp Johnson
Ronald M. Keyser Richard M. Lindstrom
Jerome Bamba
Woodring Friedrich
Tárkányi Takacs
Shypailo (Ellis) Segebade
Beasley (Spyrou) Berilzov (Filby)
Bode Anderson
Abuelhia Belgya
Chatt Mommsen
Berlizov Larosa
Bowers DiPrete
Keyser Knox
Glover Unlu
Clark Ünlü
Korschinek DiPrete
Minogue Perry
Miley Glasgow
Bamba Greis
Minogue Perry
Pommé ESPINOSA
Aalseth Berlizov
Landsberger Doron
ESPINOSA Mohd Yusof
Klouda Marouli
H. Oona L. Ball
S. LaMont L. Tandon
Arvic Harms Simon Jerome
Lindstrom Westphal
John E. Andrews Mohd Yusof
Ueda Giglio
Aign Wierczinski
Sullivan Bowers
Santos (Fernandes) Morris
Lindstrom Aarnio
Sullivan Korschinek
Cummings Mitchell
S.Ridone U.Morgenstern
Ken Inn ?W. Potter
N.Bores (S.Ridone)
Ken Inn ?E.C. Nielsen
Spasova Hughes
Won't be submitting a paper, will be presenting a poster
Paul Michlik
Brockman (Morris) Soares
Runkle Bowden
Ünlü Whitney
Olsen Povinec
E. Bond J Schwantes
Whitney Mignerey
Companis Nour
Hamilton John E. Andrews
Keyser Westphal
Pertti Aarnio S. Biegalski
K. Olsen U. Nygren
Douglas Nour
Alistair Forbes Andy Pearce
Runkle Ely
Saiki Guthrie (Morris)
Dugan Fernandes
Y. Muramatsu G. Eiden
Zona Griffin
T.Suzuki M. D. Engelmann
H. Miley A.V. Klimenko
A.V. Klimenko David K. Smith
Bronson Stewart
DeCorte Buff (Morris)
Mignerey Huang
F. Pointurier G. Eiden
Ellis DeCorte
Anderson Choudhury (Garg)
Shypailo (Ellis) Segebade
Happel Mohd Yusof
Paul Morris
Mohammed (Chatt) Buff (Morris)
Fernandes Swanson
Chatt Creber
Brodzinski Turner
Estep Mohini
Kendra M. Foltz Biegalski H. Miley
Bode Perry
Huang Elliston
Dion Marouli
O.T. Farmer S. Goldstein
Hrnecek Havel
Takacs Tárkányi
DEGETTO Addleman
Keyser Nicholson
Paceo Freitas
J. Schwantes D. Vieira
Spitz Odintsov
Ditrói DUKE
Elliston Landsberger
Biegalski Mohd Yusof
Kendra M. Foltz Biegalski D. A. Haas
David K. Smith Mitchell Woodring
K. J. Hofstetter Randy Hansen
Ken Inn Simon Jerome
J. D. Baker W. Loveland
Morris Ellis
Chatt Westphal
Arvic Harms Simon Jerome
Hrnecek Takada
Landsberger DeVol
Goerner Paul
Woodring McElroy
D.Mascanzoni S.Jerome
F. Pointurier O.T. Farmer
J. Havel F. Pointurier
Outola Greis
Payne Companis
Pommé Creber
Hakulinen Huntley
William S. Andrews Greis
Organization Address
Missouri State University Chemistry Department
ORTEC, Advanced Measurement Technology, Inc. 801 S Illinois Avenue
Eastman Kodak Co 1999 Lake Ave
Technical University of Lisbon CVRM-IST (Technical University of Lisbon)
Oregon State University 100 Radiation Center
University of Texas University of Texas
Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear - Reactor E.N. 10, Apartado 21
Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear (ITN) - Reactor E.N. 10, Apartado 21
CNRC, Dept. Pediatrics Body Comp Laboratory
US Food and Drug Administration FDA Laboratory
USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
INSTITUTO DE FISICA, UNAM APARTADO POSTAL 20-364
INSTITUTO DE FISICA, UNAM APARTADO POSTAL 20-364
strada Environment-ENEA,
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy andper Crescentino, 41 Research Centre of Saluggia, Institute of Radia
Royal Military College of Canada Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Royal Military College of Canada Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

Washington State University Nuclear Radiation CenterWashington State University
SCK-CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre Boertetang 200
NIST 100 Bureau Drive, STOP 8395
R
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering oyal Military College of Canada
R
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering oyal Military College of Canada
James-Franck Str.
Fachbereich Physik E15, Technische Universität München
Los Alamos National Lab Safeguards Science & Technology Group, N-1
Università degli Studi and INFN-Milano LASA, via F.lli Cervi 201
Los Alamos National Lab/University of Texas PO Box 1663
Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Centre for Energy Research and Training, Ahmadu Reactor Facility Section,
Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663
Università degli Studi and INFN-Milano LASA, via F.lli Cervi 201
Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, University of Mainz Fritz-Strassmann Weg 2
Battelle Wisconsin Street, 300 Area, P8-08
Battelle Wisconsin Street, 300 Area, P8-08
Battelle Wisconsin Street, 300 Area, P8-08
CEA/DAM Ile de France Département DASE BP12 - 91680 Bruyères le Châtel
US Food and Drug Administration FDA Laboratory
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Department of Chemistry
DAPIT - Università della Basilicata Contrada Macchia Romana
2-12-1, of Technology
Research Laboratory for Nuclear Reactors, Tokyo Institute O-okayama, Meguro-ku
k0-ware Schaesbergerweg 25
Institute for Environmental Sciences (IES) 1-7, Ienomae, Obuchi
614 Cottonwood
ORTEC 801 South Illinois Avenue
ORTEC 801 South Illinois Avenue
ORTEC 801 South Illinois Avenue
University of Texas University of Texas at Austin
Los Alamos National Laboratory ISR-1
Los Alamos National Laboratory ISR-1
O-24
Low Level Radioactivity Laboratory, K-INET, Kanazawa University
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Blvd
Los Alamos National Laboratory MS B228
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 909 Battelle BLVD
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 909 Battelle BLVD
Federal University of rio de Janeiro Av. Brigadeiro Trompowisk, s/n P.O.Box: 68506 Zip Code: 21941-972; Roo
Canberra 800 Research Parkway
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Chemical Biology and Nuclear Science Division
TAJURA NUCLEAR RESEARCH CENTER P.O. 84518
Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, CMS Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory MS-K6-96
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory P. O. Box 999
Idaho National Laboratory POB 1625
N-2 Los Alamos National Laboratory
unter den Eichen 87
Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
Spargelfeldstrasse 191
Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Competence Center Radiation Protection
NIST 100 Bureau Drive
NIST 100 Bureau Dr.
General Engineer Labs 2040 Savage Road
NIST 100 Bureau Dr.
NIST 100 Bureau Dr.
NIST 100 Bureau Dr.
Nuclear Physics Institute Rez near Prague
NIST 100 Bureau Dr.
LLNL
The University of Texas at Austin (UT) Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory, R9000
NIST 100 Bureau Dr.
Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory PO Box 999
Comenius University Mlynska dolina F1
CEMRC/NMSU 1400 University Dr.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Mail Stop P8-01
University of Missouri Research Reactor Center Research Park
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory M/S L-171
Unter den Eichen 87
Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing

Battelle Energy Alliance PO Box 1625
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Mitchell Woodring
Comenius University Mlynska dolina F1
University of Missouri; Columbia 125 Chemistry Building
Savannah River National Laboratory 773-42A, Savannah River Site
Savannah River National Laboratory 773-42A, Savannah River Site
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Mitchell Woodring
C-INC
Westinghouse Savannah River Company Savannah River National Laboratory
Westinghouse Savannah River Company Savannah River National Laboratory
ARC Seibersdorf research GmbH
Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Gent,
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Nuclear Sciences, Ghent University Belgium
Technological and Nuclear Institute (ITN) E.N. 10, Apartado 21
STUK - Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority P.O.Box 14
The University of Texas at Austin The University of Texas at Austin
Idaho National Laboratory P.O. Box 1625 MS 6150
Idaho National Laboratory P.O. Box 1625 MS 6150
Idaho National Laboratory P.O. Box 1625 MS 6150
Stadionallee 2
Atominstitut of the Austrian Universities, Vienna University of Technology
Stadionallee 2
Atominstitut of the Austrian Universities, Vienna University of Technology
Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Mexico Ciudad Universitaria
Meteorological Research Institute Nagamine 1-1
Institute of Isotopes Konkoly-Thege M. U. 29-33.
7000 East Avenue L-231
Chemical Biology and Nuclear Science, CMS, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
South Carolina Universities Research and Education Foundation
U. S. Department of Energy
University of Texas Nuclear Engineering Teaching Lab, Pickle Research Campus, R-9000
University of Nevada Las Vegas 4505 Maryland Parkway
University of Nevada Las Vegas 4505 Maryland Parkway
University of Texas at Austin Nuclear Engr. Teaching Lab PRC 159, R9000, 10100 Burnet Rd.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O.Box 808
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808 L-642
University of Texas at Austin Brookhaven National Laboratory
University of Texas at Austin Brookhaven National Laboratory
The University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station, R9000
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Jagellonian University, Institute of Physics ul. Reymonta 4
EC-JRC-IRMM Retieseweg 111
Institute for Reference
European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre,Radionuclide Metrology Materials and Measurements
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes No. 2242
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes No. 2242
The University of Texas at Austin The University of Texas at Austin
Japan Chemical Analysis Center 295-3, Sanno-Cho, Inageku
NIST Analytical Chemistry Division
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Boulevard
30 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu
Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources(KIGAM)
Nussallee 14-16
Helmholtz Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University Bonn
University of Texas Nuclear Engineering Teaching Lab, Pickle Research Campus, R-9000
Department of Physics - University of Roma Tre Via della Vasca Navale, 84
iThemba LABS iThemba LABS, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
Los Alamos National Laboratory Chemistry Division
Los Alamos National Laboratory Chemistry Division
41 Bell Road South
National Isotope Centre, GNS Sciences, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
EC-JRC-IRMM Retieseweg 111
Konkoly
Institute of Isotopes of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Thege M. U 29-33
Konkoly
Institute of Isotopes of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Thege M. U 29-33
Consultant PMB # 492, 1008 Tenth Street
University of Cincinnati
University of Cincinnati
PO
Washington State Univeristy Neutron Activation AnalystBox 641300
University of Missouri Research Reactor 1513 Research Park Dr.
University of Texas at Austin UT Nuclear Engr Teach Lab, JJ Pickle Res Campus, Bldg. 159, 10100 Burn
PENN STATE UNIVERSITY RADIATION SCIENCE & ENGINEERING CENTER
PENN STATE UNIVERSITY RADIATION SCIENCE & ENGINEERING CENTER
Oak Ridge National Laboratory Bethel Valley Rd
The University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station, R9000
Faculty of Chemistry. National University of Mexico Edificio "D". Facultad de Química. Ciudad Universitaria
Pennsylvania State University Radiation Science and Engineering Center
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory PO Box 999
Air Force Institute of Technology AFIT/ENP
Los Alamos National Laboratory Safegurds Science and Technology Group (N-1)
Sandia National Laboratories, CA 7011 East Ave
Ienomae 1-7, Obuchi, Rokkasho
Department of Radioecology, Institute for Environmental Sciences
Institute of Nuclear Research Bem tér 18/c
Bem of 18/c
Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academytér Sciences
ICIS - CNR C.so STATI UNITI 4
Technical University Munich Walther-Meißner-Str. 3
Bechtel Nevada, Remote Sensing Laboratory-NellisP.O. Box 98521, M/S RSL-11
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution MS23
Texas A&M University Center for Chemical Characterization and Analysis
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory P. O. Box 999
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Battelle Northwest
Walther-Meissner Strasse 3
Institute for Radiochemistry, Technical University Munich
Los Alamos National Laboratory P. O. Box 1663
via Physics, Laboratory of Radiochemistry LASA
University of Studies and INFN of Milan, Department ofF. lli Cervi, 201
via Physics, Laboratory of Radiochemistry LASA
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Mexico jmlg5@hotmail.com 52-56225232 52-56225232
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Hungary revay@iki.kfki.hu +361-392-2539 +361-392-2584
USA harris15@llnl.gov 925-423-9973 925-422-3160
cwilliamson@msn.com
John.Gutteridge@hq.doe.gov
USA s.landsberger@mail.utexas.edu (512) 232-2467
Mary.Turner@unlv.edu
United States 702-895-0367 702-895-4819
Mary.Turner@unlv.edu
United States 702-895-0367 702-895-4819
USA smwhit@mail.utexas.edu 512-497-6498
USA hamilton18@llnl.gov 925-42-6621 925-423-6785
USA hamilton18@llnl.gov 925-422-6621 925-423-6785
USA odoron@bnl.gov 631-344-3983 (631) 344-7244
USA odoron@bnl.gov 631-344-3983 (631) 344-7244
USA biegalski@mail.utexas.edu 512-232-5380 512-471-4589
Malaysia alias@kimia.fs.utm.my 607 553 4500 607 553 4501
Malaysia alias@kimia.fs.utm.my 607 553 4500 607 553 4501
Malaysia alias@kimia.fs.utm.my 607 553 4500 607 553 4501
Poland ufwojcik@theta.uoks.uj.edu.pl 0048 12 6635715 0048 12 6337086
Geel stefaan.pomme@cec.eu.int +32-14 571 289 +32-14 571 864
BELGIUM Yana.SPASOVA@cec.eu.int +32 14 571 206 +32 14 584 273
Brazil mitiko@ipen.br 55-11- 3816 9288 55-11- 3816 9188
Brazil mitiko@ipen.br 55-11- 3816 9288 55-11- 3816 9188
USA dreinert@mail.utexas.edu 254-223-0960 512-471-4589
Japan s-banba@jcac.or.jp 81-43-424-8661 81-43-423-5326
USA rolf.zeisler@nist.gov 301-975-6290 301-208-9279
USA robert.runkle@pnl.gov 509-376-9216 509-376-5824
Korea yyyoon@kigam.re.kr 82-42-868-3654 82-42-863-9404
Germany mommsen@hiskp.uni-bonn.de 49228732505 49228732505
USA s.landsberger@mail.utexas.edu (512) 232-2467 (512) 471-4589
Italy plastino@fis.uniroma3.it 0039 06 55177277 0039 06 5579303
k
South Africahosro@tlabs.ac.za; aardaneh@yahoo.com 27218431042 27218433901
USA Jon.Schwantes@PNL.gov 505-664-0333 505-665-4955
USA Jon.Schwantes@PNL.gov 505-664-0333 505-665-4955
U.Morgenstern@gns.cri.nz
Newe Zealand +64 4 5704652 6445704822
Geel stefaan.pomme@cec.eu.int +32-14 571 289 +32-14 571 864
Hungary belgya@alpha0.iki.kfki.hu (36)-1-392-2539 (36)-1-392-2584
Hungary belgya@alpha0.iki.kfki.hu (36)-1-392-2539 (36)-1-392-2584
USA pspr189729@aol.com 916-705-7056
USA henry.spitz@uc.edu 513-556-2003
USA henry.spitz@uc.edu 513-556-2003
Whitman dldugan@wsu.edu 509 335 1669 509 335 4433
USA guthriejm@missouri.edu 573-882-5344 573-882-6360
USA aplionis@mail.utexas.edu 512-232-2821 512-471-4589
USA K-UNLU@PSU.EDU +1 (814) 865-6351 +1 (814) 863-4840
USA k-unlu@psu.edu +1 (814) 865-6351 +1 (814) 863-4840
USA glasgowdc@ornl.gov 865 574-4918 865 574-7404
USA biegalski@mail.utexas.edu 512-232-5380 512-471-4589
Mexico, tmc@servidor.unam.mx 5.25556E+11 5.25556E+11
USA k-unlu@psu.edu 814-865-6351 814-863-4840
USA rkouzes@pnl.gov 509-430-0873 509-372-4969
USA kirk.mathews@afit.edu (937) 255-3636 ext. 4508 (937) 255-2921
USA tli@lanl.gov 505-667-2167 505-665-4433
USA nbowden@sandia.gov 925 294 2566
Japan sueda@ies.or.jp 81-175-71-1454 81-175-71-1492
Hungary tarkanyi@atomki.hu 3652509200 3652416181
Hungary ditroi@atomki.hu 3652509200 3652416181
ITALY degetto@icis.cnr.it 0039 049 8295944 0039 049 8702911
Germany jur@rad.chemie.tu-muenchen.de 0049-89-289-12206 0049-89-289-12204
US NielseEC@NV.DOE.GOV 702-295-8954 702-794-1001
USA lball@whoi.edu 508.289.3356 508.275.2025
USA wd-james@tamu.edu 979-845-7630 979-845-1655
USA paula.bachelor@pnl.gov 509-376-5815 509-372-0672
USA sean.robinson@pnl.gov 509-376-3014 509-376-8002
Germany Birgit.Wierczinski@Radiochemie.de 0049 89 289 12209 0049 89 289 12204
USA bond@lanl.gov 505-665-0436 505-665-4955
Italy sandro.ridone@unimi.it (0039)3332358273
Italy sandro.ridone@unimi.it (0039)3332358273
USA Michael.Michlik@INL.gov 208.533.7429 208.533.7755
FI-02012 TKK aarnio@hut.fi +358 9 451 3191 +358 9 451 3195
Finland Jarmo.Ala-Heikkila@tkk.fi +358 9 451 3204 +358 9 451 3195
USA larad@clemson.edu 864-656-1530 864-656-0762
USA bmcelroy@canberra.com (203) 639-2212
Italy Sabrina.Morzenti@mi.infn.it 0039 02 503 19568 0039 02 503 19543
Korea kylee@kigam.re.kr 82-(0)42-868-3652 82-(0)42-868-3393
USA BuffC@missouri.edu 573-882-5257 573-882-6360
USA morrisj@missouri.edu 573-882-5265 573-882-6360
USA htan@xia.com 510-494-9020 x 24 510-494-9040
USA dlperry@lbl.gov 510/486-4819
USA dlperry@lbl.gov 510/486-4819
USA edel@lanl.gov 505 667 3588
USA justin.mcintyre@pnl.gov (509)376-0085 (509)372-0672
USA craig.aalseth@pnl.gov (509)376-4957 (509)372-0672
USA smwhit@mail.utexas.edu 512-497-6498
USA peter.tkac@oregonstate.edu 541-737-7053 541-737-0480
USA peter.tkac@oregonstate.edu 541-737-7053 541-737-0480
JAPAN hatsukawa.yuichi@jaea.go.jp 81-29-282-6211 81-29-282-5458
USA Ron.Brodzinski@pnl.gov 509-376-3529 509-376-5824
Germany joerg.aign@radiochemie.de 0049 89 289 12258 0049 89 289 12204
France shappel@eichrom.com 33223501380 33223501390
timo.hakulinen@hut.fi +358 50 300 2570 +358 9 8817 5781
JAPAN toh.yosuke@jaea.go.jp 81-29-282-6211 81-29-282-5458
USA mreimer@MINES.EDU 303-273-3505
USA jandrews@whoi.edu 508-289-2454 508-457-2193
Sweden henrik.ramebeck@foi.se +46 90 106600 +46 90 106803
Sweden ulrika.nygren@foi.se +46 90 106754 +46 90 106803
Sweden annika.tovedal@foi.se +46 90 106791 +46 90 106803
USA george.klouda@nist.gov 301-975-3931 301-417-1321
USA george.klouda@nist.gov 301-975-3931 301-417-1321
USA david.diprete@srnl.doe.gov 803-725-8045 803-725-4553
USA david.diprete@srnl.doe.gov 803-725-8045 803-725-4553
Ukraine berlizov@kinr.kiev.ua 380-44-525-4350 380-44-525-4463
Ukraine berlizov@kinr.kiev.ua 380-44-525-4350 380-44-525-4463
Ukraine berlizov@kinr.kiev.ua 380-44-525-4350 380-44-525-4463
USA bowers@cmt.anl.gov 630-252-4354 630-972-4506
USA sullivan@cmt.anl.gov 630-252-1890 630-972-4518
simon.jerome@npl.co.uk
United Kingdom +44 20 8943 6204 +44 20 8614 0490
simon.jerome@npl.co.uk
United Kingdom +44 20 8943 6204 +44 20 8614 0490
simon.jerome@npl.co.uk
United Kingdom +44 20 8943 6204 +44 20 8614 0490
simon.jerome@npl.co.uk
United Kingdom +44 20 8943 6204 +44 20 8614 0490
simon.jerome@npl.co.uk
United Kingdom +44 20 8943 6204 +44 20 8614 0490
simon.jerome@npl.co.uk
United Kingdom +44 20 8943 6204 +44 20 8614 0490
Canada wsanchez@dal.ca (902) 494 2454 (902) 494 2474
lucanikova@fjfi.cvut.cz
Czech Republic 00 420 776 272 032
US hcg@umich.edu email preferred 734-764-1438
mignerey@umd.edu
United States of America 301-405-1852 301-314-9121
ITALY matthias.laubenstein@lngs.infn.it +39-862-437278 +39-862-437570
USA john.baker@inl.gov 208-533-4318 208-533-4369
USA huangx05@mit.edu 617-365-1285 617-253-7300
UK Maria.Marouli@surrey.ac.uk; Maria.Marouli@npl.co.uk0044 1483 3682697
Canada a.chatt@DAL.CA 902 494 2454 902 494 2474
USA christopher.mcgrath@inl.gov 208-533-4713 208-533-4207
USA richard.lindstrom@nist.gov 301-975-6281 301-208-9279
USA sgoldstein@lanl.gov 505-665-4793 505-665-4955
USA rvenkataraman@canberra.com (203) 639-2514
France dominique.calmet@cea.fr 33169267580
USA restep@lanl.gov 505-667-8004 505-665-9849
UK D.Beasley@surrey.ac.uk 0044 +7776030116 -
c.butler@surrey.ac.uk
United Kingdom 01483 450579
France fabien.pointurier@cea.fr +33 1 69 26 49 17 +33 1 69 26 70 65
Italy Mauro.Bonardi@mi.infn.it 02 503 19575 02 503 19543
USA eric.hoppe@pnl.gov 509-376-2126
USA fitz.carty@gd-ais.com 703-516-6202 703-516-6350
USA Randy.Hansen@pnl.gov 509-376-3535 509-376-5824
USA Momayezi@BridgeportInstruments.com 407-852-9400 407-852-9400
Brazil lgsantos@cena.usp.br +55 19 34294658 +55 19 34294654
USA elliston@wsu.edu 509-335-8316 509-335-4433
havel@chemi.muni.cz
Czech Republic 4.20549E+11 4.20549E+11
U.K. a.ma@surrey.ac.uk (44)1483 689423 (44)1483 686781
UK n.mohammed@surrey.ac.uk 0044(0) 1483686781 0044(0) 1483686781
UK a.alfuraih@surrey.ac.uk (00)441483682697 (00)441483686781
USA shane.addleman@pnl.gov 509-377-6824 509-372-4732
Canada a.chatt@dal.ca 902 494 2474 902 494 2474
Canada Benjamin.Nyarko@dal.ca 902 494 2474 902 494 2474
Canada a.chatt@dal.ca 902 494 2474 902 494 2474
Sweden christina.greis@nat.oru.se 46 (0)19 303830 46 (0)19 303169
Sweden christina.greis@nat.oru.se 46 (0)19 303830 46 (0)19 303169
USA james.ely@pnl.gov (509)376-0319 (509) 376-5824
Austria franca.padoani@ctbto.org 0043 1 260306149 0043 1 2603086149
Japan fukusima@isenshu-u.ac.jp 81 225 22 7713, ext. 3148 81 225 22 7746
USA s.landsberger@mail.utexas.edu (512) 232-2467 (512) 471-4589
Romania companis@tandem.nipne.ro 40-21-4042300/ ext.4103 40-21-457 4440
Japan yasuyuki.muramatsu@gakushuin.ac.jp (81)-3-5992-1029
(81)-3-3986-0221 (ext.6477)
Japan yasuyuki.muramatsu@gakushuin.ac.jp 03-3986-0221 (ext.6477) 03-5992-1029
CANADA John.Duke@Ualberta.ca (780) 492-0754 (780) 492-1217
Paraguay jfrafama@rieder.net.py 595 21 602 592 595 21 610 350
U.K e.abuelhia@surrey.ac.uk 4.41484E+11
Brazil ejfranca@cena.usp.br 5.51934E+11 5.51934E+11
IRAN msadeghi@nrcam.org 9.89124E+11 9.82614E+11
USA rfpayne@wsu.edu 509-335-7836 509-335-8867
Hungary stakacs@atomki.hu 3652509251 3652416181
USA tim.devol@ces.clemson.edu 864-656-1014 864-656-0672
USA Li1.Zhao@famu.edu 850-599-3550 850-599-8183
France guy.brachet@cea.fr +33 1 69 26 48 80 +33 1 69 26 70 23
USA tandon@lanl.gov 505-665-5458 505-665-5982
USA ehastings@lanl.gov 505-667-8288 505-665-5982
USA lloyd.currie@nist.gov 301-975-3919 301-216-1134
USA bond@lanl.gov 505-665-0436 505-665-4955
p.bode@tudelft.nl
The Netherlands 31-15-2783530 31-15-2783906
p.bode@tudelft.nl
The Netherlands 31-15-2783530 31-15-2783906
USA dry@lanl.gov 505-667-4200 505-665-4955
havel@chemi.muni.cz
Czech Republic 4.20549E+11 4.20549E+11
Austria Y.Yanev@iaea.org 431260022887 431260029598
U.S.A. tgreen@mail.utexas.edu (512) 633-2364 (512) 471-4589
USA friedrich1@llnl.gov 925-423-1527 925-424-5512
USA boresne@ornl.gov 865-576-5058 865-241-4059
USA boresne@ornl.gov 865-576-5058 865-241-4059
USA gregory.eiden@pnl.gov 509-376-3086 509-376-5021
Ukraine aaodin@mail.ru + 38-04493-51772 +38-04493-51901
Ukraine aaodin@mail.ru + 38-04493-51772 +38-04493-51901
Ukraine aaodin@mail.ru + 38-04493-51772 +38-04493-51901
Ukraine kalyna@km.ru; kalyna76@mail.ru
hdion@lanl.gov
Oral order in session
Session Preferred Assigned or poster session LOG NUMBER
either poster
11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 102
Oral
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements oral 2 103
either
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 104
oral oral
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation 3 105
oral
6-Separation Chemistry and Target Preparation for Nuclearoral Chemistry Experiments 2 107
either oral
13-Radionuclide production by accelerator and nuclear reactor methods 5 108
poster poster
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation A 109
oral poster
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation A 110
oral oral
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 1 111
poster oral
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 6 112
poster poster life
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 113
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 114
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 115
poster
14-Radiotracers in chemical-technological research poster A 117
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 119
9-Environmental Radioactivity oral oral 6 120
oral
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration oral 2 121
poster
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 122
oral
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration oral 5 123
oral
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration oral 3 124
oral oral
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation 8 126
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 127
oral oral
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems.1 128
oral
8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards oral 4 129
Poster poster
13-Radionuclide production by accelerator and nuclear reactor methodsB 130
either poster
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation A 131
oral poster
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation A 132
oral oral
4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 9 134
Poster poster
13-Radionuclide production by accelerator and nuclear reactor methodsB 135
oral oral
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems.2 136
oral oral
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems.3 139
poster poster B
4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 140
poster poster B
4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 141
poster treaty A
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 142
poster poster
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements A 143
oral oral
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 9 144
poster
14-Radiotracers in chemical-technological research poster A 145
poster
14-Radiotracers in chemical-technological research poster A 146
oral oral
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation 11 147
poster poster B
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems. 148
either poster
11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 149
oral treaty
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and oral monitoring 8 150
oral
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 2 151
9-Environmental Radioactivity oral oral 7 152
either
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 153
poster
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 154
poster treaty A
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 155
oral oral
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems.9 156
oral
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 11 157
oral
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 6 158
oral oral
4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 4 159
poster poster B
4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 160
Oral poster life
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 161
oral
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 10 162
oral oral
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems.5 163
oral oral
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 10 164
9-Environmental Radioactivity oral oral 8 165
Oral oral 10
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems. 167
oral
14-Radiotracers in chemical-technological research oral 1 168
oral oral
4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 8 169
either poster
8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards A 170
oral oral
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 11 171
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 172
oral poster
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements A 174
9-Environmental Radioactivity oral poster B 175
oral
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements oral 3 176
oral poster
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements A 177
9-Environmental Radioactivity Oral oral 9 179
Oral
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 180
oral oral
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 4 181
oral poster
11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 182
oral oral
11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management 1 183
poster treaty A
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 184
oral poster
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements A 185
oral
6-Separation Chemistry and Target Preparation for Nuclearoral Chemistry Experiments 1 186
oral
14-Radiotracers in chemical-technological research oral 6 187
oral oral
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems.7 188
oral
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 8 190
poster treaty A
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 191
oral oral
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 2 193
oral treaty
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and oral monitoring 9 194
Oral
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration oral 4 196
oral
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 1 197
poster
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 198
oral poster
8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards A 199
poster poster B
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems. 200
oral poster life
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 201
9-Environmental Radioactivity oral oral 10 202
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 203
oral treaty
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and oral monitoring 7 205
either oral
4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 1 206
either treaty A
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 207
either treaty A
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 208
oral oral
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems.4 210
poster poster life
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 211
oral oral
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation 6 212
oral
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements oral 6 213
Oral treaty
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and oral monitoring 4 214
oral oral
4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 6 215
oral oral
11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management 2 216
oral poster
11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 217
oral oral
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation 2 218
oral oral
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation 1 219
oral
1-Radiochemistry education in the US and Abroad oral 9 220
oral oral
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems.6 221
oral oral
13-Radionuclide production by accelerator and nuclear reactor methods 4 222
oral poster
8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards A 223
oral
1-Radiochemistry education in the US and Abroad oral 4 224
oral
1-Radiochemistry education in the US and Abroad oral 1 225
poster poster life
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 226
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 227
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 228
either
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 229
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 230
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 231
oral oral
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation 7 232
oral poster
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation A 233
9-Environmental Radioactivity either poster B 234
9-Environmental Radioactivity either poster B 235
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 236
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 237
9-Environmental Radioactivity oral oral 11 238
9-Environmental Radioactivity either poster B 239
9-Environmental Radioactivity either poster B 240
poster poster life
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 241
poster poster life
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 242
poster
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 243
9-Environmental Radioactivity oral oral 1 246
oral oral
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 3 247
oral
8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards oral 5 248
poster poster
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation A 249
either
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 250
oral oral
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation 4 251
oral withdrawn withdrawn
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems. 252
Oral oral
13-Radionuclide production by accelerator and nuclear reactor methods 1 253
oral
6-Separation Chemistry and Target Preparation for Nuclearoral Chemistry Experiments 7 254
oral
6-Separation Chemistry and Target Preparation for Nuclearoral Chemistry Experiments 6 255
oral oral
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems.8 256
oral
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements oral 4 257
oral
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 258
poster
7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 259
poster poster
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements A 260
poster poster
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation A 261
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 262
either poster
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation A 263
poster poster life
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 264
either poster
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements A 265
POSTER
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 266
oral
3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 7 267
oral oral
5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation 10 268
either treaty A
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 269
poster poster B
12-Ultra-sensitive Mass Spectrometric and Other Methods Applied to Environmental Problems. 270
oral
1-Radiochemistry education in the US and Abroad oral 5 271
oral
8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards poster 7 272
oral
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements oral 7 273
poster poster
8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards A 274
oral
8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards oral 8 275
poster poster
11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 276
poster poster
13-Radionuclide production by accelerator and nuclear reactor methodsB 277
poster poster
13-Radionuclide production by accelerator and nuclear reactor methodsB 278
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 279
oral
14-Radiotracers in chemical-technological research oral 4 280
oral
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements oral 1 281
either poster B
4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 282
oral oral
16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 5 283
oral
10+15-QA/QC and Radiological Emergency Response Measurements oral 5 284
either treaty A
2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 285
oral poster
11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 286
oral
6-Separation Chemistry and Target Preparation for Nuclearoral Chemistry Experiments 3 287
oral
14-Radiotracers in chemical-technological research oral 5 288
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7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 290
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3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 9 291
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2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and oral monitoring 3 292
9-Environmental Radioactivity either poster B 293
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8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards 9 294
Oral oral
13-Radionuclide production by accelerator and nuclear reactor methods 2 295
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16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 296
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16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 298
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16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 299
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3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 4 300
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7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 302
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11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 303
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11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management 5 304
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3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 306
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11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 309
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3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 314
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3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 322
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11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management 6 324
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11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 325
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11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 326
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16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 327
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3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 328
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11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management A 329
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11- Application of nuclear techniques to nuclear waste management 7 330
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7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 337
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16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 338
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3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry oral 3 346
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8-Gamma Spectrometry and Neutron Measurements for Safeguards oral 3 351
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16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 352
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5-Activation Analysis: Environmental applications and instrumentation A 353
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4-Mass spectrometric methods for the determination of ultra trace actinides 354
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14-Radiotracers in chemical-technological research oral 2 356
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2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and oral monitoring 2 357
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2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 358
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16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 363
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16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to the life sciences 7 364
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16-Activation Analysis: Radioanalytical methods and applications to theB sciences 365
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7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration oral 6 369
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2-Application of nuclear techniques to national security and poster monitoring 394
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7-Activation Analysis: Speciation and preconcentration poster B 405
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9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 411
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 412
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3-Instrumentation and software for nuclear spectrometry poster A 413
9-Environmental Radioactivity poster poster B 414
Abstract Title Abstract Authors
A. P. Toste HEDTA IN SIMULATED, MIXED WASTE.
A DETAILED STUDY OF THE GAMMA RADIOLYSIS OFand T. Pilot. ADepartment of Chemistry, Missouri State University, Spr
Doug Van IN RESPONSE ASTM D19.04 Rapid Methods Task Group
ADVANCES IN RAPID RADIOCHEMISTRY METHODS Cleef (ORTEC), TO EMERGENCY RESPONSE NEEDS - AN UPDATE
Craig Swanson and Albert Neutron Activation Analysis
Measurement of Ultra-trace level Molybdenum in Silicon Wafers UtilizingFilo, Eastman Kodak Co, 1999 Lake Ave, Rochester, N
BIOMONITORS TO AIRBORNE S. Sarmento2, M.S. Baptista3, M.T. Vasconcelo
JOINT ASSESSMENT OF RESPONSES OF A.M.G. Pacheco1, M.C. Freitas2,NICKEL AND VANADIUM THROUGH NUCLEA
RADIOCHEMISTRY AS A TOOL IN RIB STUDIES W. Loveland, Oregon State University
M. A. Griffin*1, S.Landsberger1, M. E. Cournoyer2. 1Mechanical Engineering Dep
CHARACTERIZATION OF A PLUTONIUM BERYLLIUM SOURCE FOR USE IN NEUTRON DAMAGE STUDIES
1Chery, 1Van Lierde, LANKA DETERMINED BY 3Freitas 1 Laboratory of NUCL
BULK AND TRACE ELEMENT CONTENTS IN SPICES FROM SRI1Vanhaecke, 2Jayasekera, ICPMS, NUCLEAR AND Analyt
Freitas 1, Ventura 1, Bacchi 2, Dionísio PORTUGAL, 1 ITN (Technological and N
TRACE-ELEMENT CONTENTS IN RAW FOOD ITEMS CONSUMED IN MAINLAND 1, Pacheco 3. DETERMINED BY k0-INAA
Kenneth J. Ellis, BASED ON THE ASSOCIATED PARTICLE IMAGING AND PR
COHN ANALYSIS: BODY COMPOSITION MEASUREMENTSRoman J. Shypailo, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Ce
David L. Anderson OF
Roman ANALYSISand SHORT-LIVED NEUTRON ACTIVATION PRODUCTS IN
COMPTON SUPPRESSION SPECTROMETRY FORJ. Shypailo and William C. Cunningham, Elemental Research Branch (HF
PROMPT-GAMMA NEUTRON ACTIVATION Kenneth J. Ellis
ANALYSIS SYSTEM DESIGN: EFFECTS OF D-T VERSUS D-D NEUTRON GE
Espinosa, G.a and Bogard, J.S.b a) OPTICAL Física,
OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE RESPONSE OF COMMERCIAL SiO2 Instituto deFIBER UNAM. Apartado Post
ENERGY ANALYSIS USING NUCLEAR J.S.b METHODOLOGY
RADON AND PROGENY ALPHA-PARTICLEEspinosa, G.a, Golzarri, J.I.a and Bogard,TRACK a) Instituto de Física, UNAM. A
David AND 241Am IN S.
S. Ridone, D. William BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES BY ANION EXCHANGE AND EX
PURIFICATION AND SEPARATION OF 239/240PuJ. Sims,Arginelli,G. Berton, S. Bortoluzzi, G. Canuto, M. Montalto, M. Nocen
Andrews*, Xiaomei
RADIOCHEMICAL ANALYSES OF RADIOLOGICALLY-CONTAMINATED SOIL SAMPLES IN SUPPORT OF TRANSPORT M
David J. Sims, William S.
Andrews* and Katherine
DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS FOR ACTINIDES AND FISSION PRODUCTS IN UNSATURATED PRAIRIE SOIL
G.
AUTOMATIC NAA - SATURATION ACTIVITIES P. Westphal and F. Grass Atominstitut der Oesterreichischen Universitaeten, S
E. Corwin,
Washington State University Nuclear Radiation Center K. Fox. Nuclear Radiation Center, Washington State University
P. Vermaercke1, P. Robouch², L. Sneyers1, AND Corte3. 1 SCK-CEN, Belgian N
USING SYNTHETIC MULTI-ELEMENT STANDARDS (SMELS) FOR THE CALIBRATIONF. De THE QUALITY CONTROL OF
IN L. Paul, National Institute of Standards and Technology, ANALYSIS WITH L
DETERMINATION OF LOW LEVEL SULFURRickSTEELS BY RADIOCHEMICAL NEUTRON ACTIVATIONGaithersburg, MD 2
William S, Andrews, Edward A. Ough, Dragic Vukomanovic and Katherine A.M. C
INVESTIGATION OF THE DESTRUCTION OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS USING IONIZING RADIATION
William WASTE BURIAL SITE
INVESTIGATION OF A LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE S, Andrews, Elizabeth Inrig and Katherine A.M. Creber, Chemistry and Ch
Gunther Korschinek, Fachbereich Physik E15, Technische Universität München
Ultrasensitive AMS and its relation to radionuclides in the environment
Duc T. Vo, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group N-1, MS E-540,
COMPARISON OF PORTABLE DETECTORS FOR URANIUM ENRICHMENT AND HOLDUP MEASURMENTS Los Alamos,
L. Canella1, F. Groppi1, M.L. Bonardi1, S. Morzenti1, C. Zona1, Z.B. Alfassi2, M.
ACCURATE DETERMINATION OF RADIONUCLIDIC PURITY OF REACTOR PRODUCED 177gLu FOR METABOLIC RADIO
Cheryl Olson, Los Alamos National Lab/University of Texas Jon Braisted, Univers
AEROSOL MEASUREMENT USING NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS (NAA)
Y.A. Ahmed; I.O.B. Ewa; INSTRUMENTAL for Energy Research and Training, A
NUCLEAR DATA AND THE EFFECTS OF ITS INCONSISTENCY ON I.M. Umar CentreNEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
Hain Oona and SENSITIVITY MASS SPECTROMETRY
REJUVENATION OF ELECTRON MUTLIPLIERS FOR HIGHJoseph Banar, Los Alamos National Laboratory
C. Zona,a OF Bonardi,a F. Groppi,a 211At/211gPo FROM ALPHA CYCLOTRO
WET-CHEMISTRY METHOD FOR THE SEPARATION M.L.NO-CARRIER-ADDED S. Morzenti,a E. Menapace,b L. Canella,a Z
N. Erdmann1, ELEMENT- AND ISOTOPE-SELECTIVE TRACE ANALYSIS OF N
RESONANCE IONISATION MASS SPECTROSCOPY FORJ.V. Kratz1, G. Passler2, N. Trautmann1, K. Wendt2, 1Institute of A
O. T. Farmer III (PNNL), M.L. Thomas
STABLE FISSION ISOTOPES FOR INVESTIGATION OF NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES (PNNL), G.C. Eiden (PNNL), P. E. Dresel
O. T. Farmer III (PNNL), M.L. Thomas (PNNL), S.J. Garofoli (PNNL),
ANALYSIS OF IAEA ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES BY ICP/MS IN SUPPORT OF INTERNATIONAL SAFEGUARDS and K.B.
Craig Aalseth (PNNL),
ULTRA TRACE DETECTION OF TH AND U IN COPPER METAL Ron Brodzinski (PNNL), Orville Thomas Farmer III (PNNL)
L Gilbert
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William FOR RADIONUCLIDE ANALYSIS
DEVELOPMENT OF A TRANSPORTABLE SYSTEM C. Cunningham, David L. Anderson, William H. Lamont, Paul K. South (U
R. Paul Choudhury1, Diabetes Mellitus and their possible correlations.
Availability of Essential Trace elements in Medicinal Herbs used forR. Acharya2, A.G.C. Nair2, A.V. R. Reddy2 and A.N. Garg1
Daniele Mascanzoni, DAPIT, Università della Basilicata
ISOTOPE-AIDED TECHNIQUE IN A FIELD STUDY ON PLANT ROOT BIOACTIVITY
Tatsuya Suzuki, Mayumi Sato, Yasuhiko Fujii
ADSORPTION BEHAVIOR OF ALKALINE EARTH ELEMENTS ON TERTIARY PYRIDINE RESIN
R. van Sluijs, k0-ware, Heerlen, IN Netherlands; D. Bossus, J.
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CONCENTRATION OF TECHNETIUM-99 IN Yoshihito Ohtsuka, STANDARD MATERIALS
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SEPARATION AND MEASUREMENT OF 126SN IN HANFORDCatlow
Ronald M. for an HPGe-based Spectroscopy Portal Monitor
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Keyser, Ronald M., Bingham, Russell D., and Twomey, Timothy
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Ronald M. HPGe and Richard C. Characterization
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DETERMINATION OF FISSION
PRODUCTS USING GAMMA-GAMMA Gordon Nicholson, University of Texas at Austin, Nuclear Engineering Teaching L
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A.V. in Muon Tomography
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Kazuhisa BOMB NEUTRTONS OF HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI USING AG-10
NEW METHOD FOR THE EVALUATION OF ATOMICKomura, Low Level Radioactivity Laboratory, K-INET, Kanazawa Univ
DIRECT EFFICIENT CHEMICAL Glen A. Warren,
MODELING OF GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA TOMatthew Douglas, Judah I. Friese, SEPARATIONS Paula P. Bachelor, O. Tom Fa
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FOR GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY MEASUREMENTS
PROBALISTIC UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATORFrazier Bronson Canberra
Pihong Zhao, Qinhong Hu, Timothy P. Rose,
DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT OF LONG-LIVED SOLUBLE FISSION PRODUCTS Gregory J. Nimz* Chemical Biology
ABUGASSA, DISEASES FIBROADENOMA MEASURED BY INSTRUMENTAL N
TRACE ELEMENTS DISTRIBUTION IN BENIGN BREASTI. O., ABUGASSA, S. O., DOUBALY, K. , BASHIT, T.A. (RENEWA
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Bachelor, P. P., McIntyre, J. I., Amonette, J. E. Foster-Mills, N. S., Hayes, J. C., M
MEASUREMENTS OF CO2 LEAKAGE FROM UNDERGROUND SEQUESTRATION FIELDS USING RADIOACTIVE TRACER
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PLUTONIUM ISOTOPIC MEASUREMENTS AND URANIUM ENRICHMENT MEASUREMENTS USINGand Tracy R. Wenz (N
C. Segebade, M. Hedrich, USING RADIOANALYTICAL METHODS
LARGE-SAMPLE ACTIVATION ANALYSIS –PROCESS MONITORING L. Giese, W. Goerner and C. Adam, Federal Institute fo
Katzlberger Christian, Korner Martin IN AUSTRIA
NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN PHOSPHATE CONTAINING FERTILIZERS USEDAustrian Agency for Health and Food Safety
Hiromu Kurosaki, Robert Radford**, James Filliben*, and Kenneth G. W. Inn, NIS
AN EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS FOR PLUTONIUM CONTAMINATION
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INVESTIGATION OF RADIOACTIVITY IN SELECTED DRINKING WATERHiromu Kurosaki1, MARYLAND Larry Lucas1, Pe
AND SEMI-QUANITIFICATION OF NUCLIDE SPECIFIC ANALYTES IN URINE
ON-SITE COLLECTION, CONCENTRATIONJohn S. Morton*, Robert D. Timm, James B. Westmoreland, General Engineering
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RADIOCHEMICAL MEASUREMENT OF 237NP ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN A MIXED RADIONUCLIDES SOLUTION o
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STATISTICALLY ROBUST INTERCOMPARISON REFERENCEIisa Outola2, Kenneth G.W. Inn2; Statistical Engineering Divis
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ATOM-AT-A-TIME STUDIES OF THE TRANSACTINIDE ELEMENTS
TRACED FISSION PRODUCT ANALYSIS Friese, Judah I; Douglas, Matthew; Farmer III, Orville T; Bachelor, Paula P; Schul
Pavel P. Povinec, Comenius University,
LOW-LEVEL GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETRY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Info
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THE USE OF COLLODION FILMS TO PROTECT SOLID STATE ALPHA DETECTORSHall, University of Rochester; Kenneth
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W.Goerner, Chr. Segebade; M. Ostermann, O.Haase Federal Institute for Materi
DETERMINATION OF PHOSPHOROUS IN ORGANIC MATERIALS BY INSTRUMENTAL PHOTON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
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THE PERFECTION OF LOSS-FREE COUNTING Westphal and H. Lemmel. Atominstitut der Oesterreichischen Universitaete
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PLUTONIUM REMOBILISATION IN A HUMIC RICH LAKE Christina Greisa, Anders Dükera, Bert Allarda, Per Roosbc, Elis Holmb. aMan-Te
James Ely,
Energy Information Usage in Plastic Scintillator Material Richard Kouzes, and Denny Weier
OF THE IMS RADIONUCLIDE MONITORING NETWORK: THE CHALLENGE
TESTING AND PROVISIONAL OPERATION Franca Padoani, Luis Cella, Erin Mcwilliams, Xiankai Shen, Robert Werzi. Compr
M. Fukushima1, K. Isaac-Olive2, Y. Nakano3, SEAWEEDS BY NEUTRON ACTI
PROTEIN- AND POLYSACCHARIDE-BOUND TRACE ELEMENTS IN EDIBLE JAPANESEA. Chatt2. 1Ishinomaki Senshu Un
Alex Plionis and Sheldon Landsberger, RADIOCHEMISTRY
FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF A GRADUATE LEVEL COURSE IN NUCLEAR AND University of Texas
and nuclear reactor decommissioning samples by gamma-ray spectrometry using
Assessment of radioactivity of environmental 1Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (NIPNE), P
Yasuyuki MURAMATSU (Gakushuin University), Satoshi
Separation of plutonium from soil samples and determination of 240Pu/239Pu ratios by HR-ICP-MS YOSHIDA (NIRS) and S
Yukari TAKADA, Yasuyuki MURAMATSU (Gakushuin University), Hiroyuki MATS
Determination of I-129 by AMS for environmental samples collected in Japan
Duke1, M.J.M., Ambeault1, R.J. and Wilson2, J. 1 - SLOWPOKE Nuclear Reacto
RAPID NAA DETERMINATION OF THE ISOTOPIC ENRICHMENT OF 18O IN WATER MIXTURES USED FOR CYCLOTRON
J.F.Facetti-Masulli1. P. Kump2.- 1Hydroconsult SRL, de Gaulle REGION OF PA
SELECTED TRACE AND MINOR ELEMENTS IN SEDIMENTS FROM WATER BODIES AT THE WESTERN980-Asunción-Pa
Elfatih Abuelhia ( Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, EMISSI
EVALUATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS TO IMAGE THREE PHOTON ANNIHILATION FOR POSITRONSurrey, G
Elvis Joacir
Atlantic Forest: a natural reservoir of chemical elements De França, Elisabete A. De Nadai Fernandes, Márcio Arruda Bacchi,
M. Sadeghi1,2, P. Van den Winkel3, H. Afarideh2 and M. production
Centrifugal electrodissolution system for irradiated rhodium target material used for the cyclotron 103PdHaji-Saeid2, L. De Vis3
R.F. Payne and S.B. Clark, Department of 241AM IN SOILS COLLECTED FROM
A RADIOANALYTICAL APPROACH TO DETERMINE 238PU, 239+240PU, 241PU ANDChemistry, Washington State Universit
INDUCED ROUTES FOR PRODUCTION OF 103PD
INVESTIGATION OF CHARGED PARTICLE F. Tárkányi1, A. Hermanne2, S. Takács1, F. Ditrói1, J. Csikai1,3, Király B.1 M.. S
T.A. DeVol, R.A. Fjeld, J. D. Navratil, J.T. Coates and A.W. Elzerman; Departmen
Environmental Radiochemistry Education at Clemson University
L. Zhao*1, L. Robinson1, E. A. mackey2, R. L. Paul2, R. R. NUETRON PROMPT
DETERMINATION OF CARBON, NITROGEN, AND PHOSPHORUS IN CATTAIL BY USING THERMAL Greenberg2. 1Environ
Guy BRACHET Commissariat à
DETERMINATION OF THE XENON BACKGROUND IN WESTERN EUROPE l‘Energie Atomique France
Lav Tandon, Elizabeth Hastings, Joseph Banar,
NUCLEAR, CHEMICAL, AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NUCLEAR MATERIALSJames Barnes, David Beddingfie
Elizabeth P. Hastings, Cris Lewis, John FitzPatrick, Dave Rademacher, and Lav
CHARACTERIZATION OF DEPLETED URANIUM OXIDES FABRICATED USING DIFFERENT PROCESSING METHODS T
Lloyd A. Currie, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
ON THE DETECTION OF RARE, AND MODERATELY RARE, EVENTS: SOME ANCIENT HISTORY AND MODERN DILEMM
Evelyn Bond (1), Alice Slemmons(2), John R. FitzPatrick(2)
FOR Bode(a), Maria
PREPARATION OF AMERICIUM TARGETS Peter NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENTS AT DANCE and Dave Vieira(1). (
Izabel Maretti Silveira
NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AND X-RAY RAYLEIGH SCATTERING OF HAIR AND NAIL CLIPPINGS AS NON-INVAS
Peter Bode (a), Elisabete IN INAA RESULTS.
TOP-DOWN VERSUS BOTTOM-UP ESTIMATES OF UNCERTAINTY A.De Nadai Fernandes(b), Marcio A.Bacchi(b), (a) Delft
Donald E. Dry
RAPID SEPARATION OF LOW-YIELD ISOTOPES FROM FRESH FISSION MATERIAL
Josef Havel a, b, Zbyněk Špalt a, b, Gracian Tejral a, and Shaban Elosta a. a De
DETERMINATION OF ISOTOPE RATIO IN NATURAL ISOTOPES USING MALDI TOF MASS SPECTROMETRY
MANAGING KNOWLEDGE – A KEY TO SUSTAINABILITY IN NUCLEAR DEVELOPMENTDepartment of Nuclear Energy
Y.Yanev, International Atomic Enegy Agency,
Authors: Taylor Green, MAXED, GRAVEL, and MCNP Organization: The Univer
Neutron energy spectrum determination and flux measurement usingSteven Biegalski, Sean O'Kelly. for RACE experiments
S. RESOLUTION S. F. Terracol, O. B. Drury, I. D. Hau, T. R. Niedermayr, Lawre
SUPERCONDUCTING ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY Friedrich, S. Ali,GAMMA AND FAST-NEUTRON SPECTROMETERS
N. Bores, A. Denton, G. Payne, J. Rankin - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
URINE RADIOBIOASSAY INTERCOMPARISON RESULTS FROM THE INTERCOMPARISON STUDIES PROGRAM AT OAK
PU-240 IN URINE AT THE MICROBECQUEREL LEVEL USING THERMAL
DETERMINATION OF PU-238, PU-239 AND N. Bores, A. Denton, G. Payne, J. Rankin - Oak Ridge National Laboratory ION
Gregory C. ―chemical resolution‖ of isobaric Charles J. Barinaga, Pacific Northwe
Collision and reaction cells in atomic mass spectrometry: Eiden, David W. Koppenaal, and and polyatomic ion interferences in ra
CONTENT OF U, Pu, Am, AND Cm IN LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTE OF OBJECT ―SHELTER‖ OF CHERNOBYL NPP Scien
O.O. Odintsov, Institute for Safety Problems of NPP, National Academy of
DETERMINATION OF U, Pu, Am CONTENT IN GROUND WATER NEAR OBJECT ―SHELTER‖ SITE
O.O. Odintsov, Institute for Safety Problems of NPP, National Academy of Scien
O.O. URANIUM IN LIQUID Safety Problems of NPP, National Academy of Scien
ALPHA SPECTROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF Odintsov, Institute for RADIOACTIVE WASTE OF OBJECT ―SHELTER‖
А.K. Каlynovsky, O.O. Odintsov, BOREHOLES TO DETERMINE Problems of N
USING THE RESULTS OF GAMMA-SPECTROMETRY MEASUREMENTS IN V.A. Krasnov. Institute for Safety THE MECHAN
SELECTIVE DISSOLUTION OF Heather M. Dion 1, Stephen P. LaMont 1, David Hayes 2, James Cadieux 2, Paul
Abstract Body
This report addresses a detailed study of the gamma radiolysis of the
parent compound
Events of recent years have made the emergency response community significantly more aware of the need for rapid assessm
For many years, Eastman Kodak‘s Image Sensor Solutions Division and Neutron Activation Analysis Laboratory have participat
In an utilitarian sense, biomonitoring refers to any intentional use of an existing species -- animal or plant, lower or higher -- for
Standard lead loaded Hypalon glovesby radioactive ion accelerated are frequently characterized by low event rates due to the
Studies of nuclear reactions induced deteriorate at an beams (RIBs)
pace in the glovebox environments of Los Alamos National Laboratory.
Elemental composition spices may be influenced by inherent plants characteristics, environmental conditions, agronomic practi
In March 2003, food items of Portuguese origin were purchased from a large commercial area in Coimbra. The selected items
The measurement of carbon (C), oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), and nitrogen (N) in the human body can be used to calculate the re
Compton suppression (anticoincidence) spectrometry was used to analyze foods for 16 elements with short-lived neutron activa
Prompt-gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) is used for the non-invasive measurement of human body composition. A
The use of Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) for radiation dosimetry has become increasingly popular in recent years.
A procedure for alpha energy analysis of radon and progeny using Nuclear Track Methodology (NTM) is described in this paper
The radiation protection physical surveillance Alberta of some examine
In 1951, an experiment was conducted on theprogram prairie to workers, involved in the decommissioning activities of a reproce
the weathering of fission products (simulated fallout from nuclear
In 1951, a release of 6.7 L of an aqueous solution of irradiated uranium (360 GBq) occurred from an underground storage tank
Reported on at the last Kona Conference, a system for Rapid Automatic NAA is based on a list of specific saturation activities d
Completed in 1961, the Washington Sate University Nuclear Radiation Center (WSUNRC) is the home of a 1 Megawatt Genera
The thermal to epithermal neutron flux ratio (f) and the deviation of the epithermal neutron spectrum from the 1/E shape (α) are
A method has been developed for determination of low level sulfur in steels by radiochemical neutron activation analysis. The
From 1967 to 1971, low-level radioactive waste was collected from the use and dispersal of chemical warfare agents (CWA),
For most of the twentieth century, research has been conducted into
locations across Canada and shipped to a remote prairie location for
AMS is an ultrasensitive method for detection and measurement of very long-lived radionnuclides. During the last years we hav
Uranium enrichment and holdup measurements require a detector capable of accurately obtaining the 186-keV peak area. The
Thanks to its favorable decay characteristics, 177gLu (t1/2 = 6.734 d, 100%, E max = 489.3 keV and main E = 208.4 keV,
Open front hoods are routinely used to mitigate a worker's inhalation hazard. However, it has been shown that these hoods lea
The paper examines the role of nuclear data in Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) particularly as it affects reactor
The NBS 12-90 mass spectrometer has been utilized extensively in ultra high sensitivity mass spectrometery at the Los Alamos
In this study we present a fast and effective wet-chemistry method for obtaining the pure alpha emitter 211At/211gPo (t1/2 = 7.2
Resonance ionisation mass spectroscopy (RIMS) is based on step-wise resonant excitation and ionisation of atoms with laser l
Previous investigations of fission-yield isotopes in the environment have often focused on isotopes with half-lives in the range o
The United States Department of Energy and Department of State provides supplemental funding to the US Network of Analytic
In order to advance the state of the art in ultra-low-background radiological assay, it is required to develop construction materia
The detection and measurement of radionuclides released in the frame
of nuclear activities is a major task addressing various issues like
In addition to routine regulatory activities and research, the US Food and Drug Administration's Center for Food Safety and App
Herbal medicines have long been in use in various world civilizations for the treatment of chronic diseases including diabetes a
An instrumentation and a tracer technique for investigating the root bioactivity in plants injected with Se-75 has been employed
The radioisotope of strontium is one of important indicators for environmental radioactivity. The isotope ratio of stable strontium
The neutron fluence rate can change during the irradiation of a sample for a neutron activation analysis. The cause can be eith
Technetium-99 (t1/2=2.1 x 105 y) is one of artificial radionuclides with a long half-life, and has been released into environments
Remediation of the legacy nuclear materials at the Hanford site includes characterization of historical tank inventories and envir
The necessity to monitor international commercial transportation for illicit nuclear materials resulted in the installation of many n
In an HPGe spectroscopy system, Digital Signal Processing (DSP) replaces the shaping amplifier, correction circuits, and ADC
Characterization is a first step to site cleanup or decommissioning of a disused nuclear facility. By definition this initial process m
Obtaining a detailed description of the various fission products and their relative abundances is important in understanding the
A milligram speck of highly enriched uranium, recovered from the floor of an abandoned facility in the middle of nowhere, might
Highly sensitive method using 108mAg (half-life: 418 energy while propagating through matter. Resulting attenuation of cosmic
Muons, as well as other types of radiation, loose their y) alternative to
using 152Eu was discovered for the evaluation of Atomic-Bomb
In an age of increasing terrorist nuclear threats, rapid and robust analytical methods for the quantification of radionuclides in mi
Two prototype handheld gamma spectrometers are being developed for secondary screening of cargo and personnel. These i
Radioiodine analysis by TIMS suffers from preferential ionization of higher electron-affinity halogens. Because of this, success
A Novel device has been fabricated for the electrodeposition of technetium metal onto platinum filaments for Thermal Ionization
Gamma spectroscopy is a very fluorescence instrumentation available is the Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). Th
One of the most types of X-ray powerful tool to determine the
radioactivity of various items, such as samples in the laboratory, or
A total of 828 underground nuclear tests were conducted at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) between 1951 and 1992, depositing >1
This paper focuses on the determination of the elemental distributions in specimens of benign breast disease (fibroadenoma tu
Colloidal- or colloidal-bound transport of plutonium (Pu) and other low-solubility radionuclides has been observed in groundwate
Improved detection capabilities are needed at several Department of Energy sites to make remedial decisions about facilities a
Reduction of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) release to the environment is a pressing challenge that must be addressed t
A full scale prototype of a new design for a wide dispersion thermal ionization multi-collector isotope ratio mass spectrometer h
Nondestructive analysis (NDA) techniques such as calorimetry, passive gamma-ray analysis, and neutron coincidence counting
Along with the globally increasing energy demand the application of renewable energy sources is urgently required. Using photo
Natural radioactivity mainly due to 40K, 238U- and 232Th-chain nuclides in about 300 phosphate containing fertilizer samples (
With over 70% of the earth surface covered in water, monitoring the quality of our ocean is one of the most important tasks in s
In 2004, levels of radioactivity exceeding federal drinking water standards were found in two separate areas of Maryland by sta
A procedure and device are described that allow the on-site concentration and separation of nuclide-specific analytes in a one-t
The NELAP Performance Testing subcommittee on Radiochemistry has been considering the application of ANSI N42.22 test
The International Committee on Radionuclide Meteorology (ICRM) recognized the need for a supply of natural matrix standards
In the event of a radioactive disaster, one of the biggest tasks is to estimate the radiation dosage received by people to determi
Neutron activation analysis was used to monitor elemental compositions of discrete murine brain structures with mass as low a
A radiochemical procedure was developed for the measurement of 237Np activity concentration (1 – 10 Bq/g range) in a solutio
This presentation discusses the development of new applications for
The Spectral Deconvolution Analysis Tool developed various low-level
Over the past twenty-five years, NIST has (SDAT) software was developed to improve counting statistics and detection limits fo
radionuclide Standard Reference Materials (SRM) such as bone ash,
Some of the techniques of radioanalytical chemistry that have been applied to atom-at-a-time investigations of both the nuclear
Rapid chemical separation techniques have been developed and evaluated for their use in the quantitative analysis of mixed fis
Low-level gamma-ray spectrometry with large volume HPGe detectors has been widely used in environmental radioactivity mea
Alpha-recoil contamination of solid state alpha spectrometry detectors leads to inaccurate measurements due to increased bac
MCNPX(TM) has been used to model the effect of scattered gamma radiation produced by a VACIS® rail gamma-ray-imaging
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable form of osteoporosis caused,
Theft, illegal possession, smuggling, or attempted unauthorized sale of in almost all patients, by mutations in one of the gene
nuclear and radiological materials remains a worldwide problem. The
Phosphorous is one of the prominent hetero-atoms in organic compounds. Therefore an instrumental determination is an altern
Short-lived isomeric transitions and a fast rabbit system, high rate gamma spectrometry and Loss-Free Counting are the corne
A device has been designed, built and tested that allows for the measurement of Cs-137 across the diameter of a fuel segmen
Fission neutron spectra from neutron induced fission in 235-U and 239-Pu for energies below that of the neutron inducing fissio
Analyses of anthropogenic and natural gamma-ray emitters in the environment require high sensitive detector systems operatin
The nail is routinely used as a biomonitor for the essential trace element selenium (Se). The purpose of this study was to exam
This paper focuses on Th and U uptake by netted chain fern (Woodwardia areloata) from contaminated soils. A field screen stu
Uranium is a significant contaminant on the Savannah River Site of
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has deployed a large array(SRS) in Aiken, South Carolina and at several other Departme
radiation portal monitors for the Department of Homeland Security and
In 1944 Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) instituted a program for the collection and analyses of urine samples from indi
A unique radiation monitor has been developed for performing wide-area field surveys for radiation sources. This device integra
A systematic study of the performance of several commercially available radiation detection instruments containing NaI or CsI d
A combination of Alpha Spectrometry, Liquid Scintillation Counting and Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) was used for the
Recently, synthetic multi-element standards (SMELS) were released, for
QC/QA of the NAA k0-standardization method after its implementation
A Gent stacked filter unit sampler was used to collect Air Particulate Matter (APM) in separate coarse (PM2.5-10) and fine (PM
In addition to in-field measurements and analyses, fast communication means and related data management are needed for a
To support the development of β-γ coincidence spectroscopy for radioxenon monitoring, tools have been developed to calculat
A novel, cost effective and efficient means of performing chemical separations for analysis of radiological samples via thermal i
The development of modern analytical chemistry instrumentation has opened many new avenues of research and developmen
The "age" dating of a sealed cobalt-60 source by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) will be discussed. T
Recent studies raised the question of the correlation of barium concentration anomalies in sedimentary sequences to volcanic a
The search for the telltale signs of volcanic eruptions in easily dateable (biological) material like tree rings or speleothems has b
Today‘s nuclear curricula have the purpose to fulfil the manpower requirements of the nuclear world market, both in the power
137Cs in the environment, a major fission product with a long physical half-life of 30 years, has been mainly derived from globa
Thanks to the deep penetration of both neutrons and gamma radiation, prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) provides the
Abstract:Recently, the Heavy Element Facility, formerly a Category II nuclear facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
The South Carolina State University through the sponsorship of the National Nuclear Security Administration has developed a r
The Radiochemistry Education Award Program (REAP) was initiated by DOE-NE in 1999 to stimulate the education and trainin
The kidney is the predominant organ of the urinary tract and it plays a significant role in the regulation of total body homeostasis
Iodine-129 (129I) is a fission by-product and is highly mobile in the environment. Iodine-129, along with other stable isotopes o
Previous studies have shown that iodine (including 129I) can be strongly retained in organic-rich surface soils and sediment an
The University of Texas at Austin and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have collaborated in the analy
Plutonium-239 (239Pu) and plutonium-240 (240Pu) activity
The determination of cesium-137 (137Cs) in surface waters usually requires some form of preconcentration prior to radiometric
A system based on inelastic neutron scattering is being constructed for non-destructive monitoring of carbon in soil. For that pu
The Monte Carlo code, MCNP5, includes a new mesh tally option useful for large matrix calculations. The mesh tally is a virtua
A spectroscopy system measuring inelastic neutron scattering and thermal neutron capture induced gamma rays is being deve
The cassiterite minerals containing tin are rich in thorium and uranium found in the xenotime and monazite minerals commonly
In this work, prepared acid activated carbons were modified through dispersion of hydrated iron(III) oxide (HFO) onto the porou
In this work, prepared acid activated carbons were modified through dispersion of hydrated iron(III) oxide (HFO) onto the porou
A new detector for 222Rn measurements in gases is described. It is
The uranium isotopes U-235 and U-238, because of their long half-lives, have important applications, in particular for nuclear g
Recently, IRMM has assumed responsibility for organising regular measurement comparisons among those laboratories which
During the past three decades the investigation of trace element concentrations in human scalp hair has become increasingly p
Determinations of trace element in dental tissues have been carried out for several purposes such as in the investigations of de
Activation experiments were conducted to assess the bremsstrahlung continuum produced when a beta emitter is shielded by m
A simple and rapid method has been developed for the determination of 99Tc in environmental samples, such as drinking wate
Chromium and mercury traditionally have been determined at the lowest levels by radiochemical separations following neutron
Spectral analysis algorithms that operate in the grey space between recognizing radioactivity and identifying isotopic compositio
Sediment core sample taken from Jinheung catchment located middle of Korean Peninsulra was used to compare environmen
Instrumental NAA has been used now for about 40 years to determine the minor and trace elemental pattern in archaeological
Arctic pollution is a problem by QuantulusTM ultra low level liquid
Radiocarbon measurementsof great concern, because its characteristics (transportation, assimilation into the environment, etc.
scintillation spectrometer were performed at the Gran Sasso National
Abstract: A radiochemical separation method was developed for separation of 109Cd from a nat.Ag target (6.6 g, pressed into
Preparation of a multi-curie 171Tm (t1/2=1.92a) target is underway for the purpose of measuring neutron capture cross section
A novel multi-process method for separating Eu from neighbouring lanthanides (Ln) has been developed that chemically reduce
Cosmogenic 32Si, with a half-life of ca. 140 years, is ideally suited to provide time information in the range 30-1000 years. Dete
Nuclear data evaluators are frequently confronted with the problem of deriving a recommended value and an associated uncert
The 14N(n, g)15N reaction is a primary source of high energy gamma-rays for use in calibration of detectors. The gamma ray in
Mössbauer spectroscopy provides information about chemical bonds, oxidation states, geometrical location and magnetic state
In the past computer codes were developed to compute exact decision levels and errors of the first kind when the blank count t
A revised method for determining 232Th in urine using a pre-concentration neutron activation analysis (PCNAA) procedure was
In an attempt to create a historical portrait of uranium pollution from a former uranium processing facility, increment cores were
More than 2200 air particulate matter filters were collected from 1995 through 2002 in the Spokane, WA area for the Spokane A
Numerous studies have demonstrated that the human toenail is a reliable biomonitor for the tracenutrient Se and for the toxic tr
Several methods for the electrodeposition of actinides for alpha-spectrometry analysis have been developed over the past few
A Compton Suppression System (CSS) is used to reduce the contribution of scattered gamma rays that originate within the HP
Neutron depth profiling (NDP) is a three-decade old surface analysis technique, which is based on the illumination of samples w
Delayed neutron activation analysis (DNAA) presents a fast, accurate, and reliable method for quantification of fissile material.
Studies show that aerosols with natural activity have an aerodynamic diameter in the range of 0.1 to 1 mm. In contrast, atmosp

Nuclear Chemistry and Radiochemistry programs were in a sense the driving force of nuclear science education and research
Countries around the world are deploying radiation portal monitor (RPM) systems and other radiation detection instrumentation
Conventional statistical analyses of counting measurements with a paired-count blank and sample yield unacceptably-large est
We have studied the simultaneous determination of concentrations and isotopic compositions for plutonium and uranium in inp
Fission reactors emit large numbers of antineutrinos and this flux may be useful for the measurement of two quantities of intere
Brackish Lake Obuchi in Rokkasho, Japan, locates adjacent to the Japanese first commercial nuclear fuel reprocessing plant n
Integral excitation functions for the production of residual nuclides with light charged particles are basic data for applications in
Activation data of lead are of great importance due to the widespread applications of this element in various technological fields
Sustainable development and responsible care are imperatives in countries where it is possible to conjugate properly developm
Transition metal complexes have wide application in industry, research and medicine. In many cases their exact chemical form
During the emergency and intermediate phases of a nuclear or radiological incident that activates the National Response Plan
Quantification of 226Ra by isotope dilution with 228Ra has applications in geological systems such as ground water movement
A method has been developed and applied to the study of Mean Residence Times (MRT) of alfalfa molt rations through the gas
In anticipation of a nuclear terrorist attack, techniques to quickly assess the radiation exposure of evacuees have been develop
The development and testing of improved alarm algorithms is an ongoing priority of the Radiation Portal Monitor Project (RPMP
Aqueous solutions of tritium (HTO) are one of the major radioactive waste products of nuclear power plants. Nowadays, dispos
The 235mU isomer is a radiopharmaceutical and afor pain palliation in energy of 77eV. Little is known about this isomer, espec
[186gRe]Re-HEDP has a 26-minute half-life used very low excitation
For skeletal metastases metabolic radiotherapy 186gRe has time
bone metastases from various primary tumours.is an alternative
palliative care where radionuclids, alone or conjugated to biomolecules,
The potential to use erbium as a measure of the relative ratio of total neutrons to epithermal neutrons (similar to a cadmium rat
LINSSI is an SQL database for HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry. It covers the whole measurement-analysis chain from sample
A set of 100 gamma-ray spectra with artificially added peaks of anthropogenic nuclides was utilized in the First System-Wide P
Several control chart methods are presented for the evaluation of on-line sorptive scintillator flow-cells used for low-level enviro
Neutron multiplicity analysis has been a valuable technique for safeguards measurements of plutonium oxide and mixed oxides
The direct production of 211At/211gPo by 209Bi(a,2n) reaction seems the most satisfactory method because it can be done in
The aims of this study were to develop NAA procedure of ultratrace alpha-emitting impurities in high purity silica, and to investig
Supplemental zinc, typically as ZnO at twenty times greater than the NRC requirement, is routinely fed in large, confined, swine
Instrumental neutron activation analysis is being routinely used at the MURR to quantify selenium in prospectively collected bio
In conventional neutron activation analysis (NAA) using a pulsed neutron source, spectrum gating has been employed to segre
Prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) has been used to analyze oxyanion-containing materials that have multiple uses in
Much of the existing legacy inventory at national laboratory facilities also incorporates radioactivity, and, although radiological co
An effective high throughput double combinatorial screening technique is described for the rapid selection of chelating agents f
Calibrating the efficiency of radiation detectors in a field environment is difficult under most circumstances. Along with the difficu
The preparation of spectrometers for the lowest-level radiometric measurements requires materials of extreme radiopurity. Mea
As part of a graduate engineering course titled ―Design of Nuclear Systems‖, graduate students at the University of Texas at Au
In the UREX separation process, acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) is used to reduce and complex plutonium in order to decrease th
Acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) is added into UREX process solutions with the aim to reduce and complex plutonium decreasing
Method of multiparameter coincidence spectrometry based on gamma-gamma coincidence is widely used in the field of nuclea
Strontium-90 ground water contamination is an important issue at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site. To prevent 90
Enrichment of tritium in HTO solutions is done by two consecutive electrolysis steps. The main purpose of the first step is volum
The determination of the gross alpha activity of salt-rich aequous samples, like mineral or waste waters, by Gas proportional co
We present a framework for a multi-user server-based installation of the Shaman gamma-ray spectrum identification software.
Multiple gamma ray detection method is widely used in nuclear physics experiments and known as coincidence method. In this
The measurement of indoor radon is not so straightforward as commonly perceived. Although standard, calibrated systems for
Oceanographers use the cosmogenic radionuclide 7Be(t1/2 53 days) as a tracer for atmospheric input and a conservative trace
Precise and accurate isotope amount ratio measurement of plutonium and uranium is important e.g. in nuclear safeguards and
The time since the last chemical separation, e.g, the age, of plutonium materials can be determined by analysing the isotope am
In a radiological emergency situation a rapid determination of radiostrontium will be necessary. The required quantification leve
Since the early 1970's, NIST has maintained a low level (decay), multi-channel counting facility for measuring environmental sa
A year-round observatory was established at Summit, Greenland in 1997 to study air- snow exchange processes. From August
As a result of accelerated waste cleanup efforts underway at the Savannah River Site, a need has been created to rapidly mea
Neutron activation analysis using low-flux neutron sources is used to address important areas of applied interest in managing th
Theoretical of traditionalshow that for NPPs with RBMK reactors by the end of operating period 85-90% of total activity of a reac
Application estimations biological indicators, such as lichens and
mosses, for air pollution monitoring in urban and industrial areas
A DLL was created for calculating true-coincidence correction factors in gamma- and X-ray spectrometry applications. Calculat
Separations of actinides from lanthanides are a subject of great importance in closing the fuel cycle. Currently the Advanced Fu
Interest among nuclear power producers has grown over the past few decades in higher utilization of nuclear fuel, which transla
There is anecdotal evidence to suggest that the chemical yield of Americium and Curium may differ in radiochemical analysis. I
The use of quality control chart techniques in many different fields of human activity is well established, and is the subject of a s
In a previous paper(1), the general solution for time integrated decay and ingrowth equations(2) was derived. In this paper, a th
In the mid 1990s, the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) took the decisiion to seek external accreditation to the then UK nation
Since the late 1980s, the Radioactivity Metrology Group (RMG) of the UK National Physical Laboratory (NPL) has organised se
The Radioactivity Metrology Group (RMG) at the UK's National Physical Laboratory (NPL) has been involved in the standardisa
Arsenic speciation in drinking water has become an interesting field of research due to the chronic toxic effects associated with
Extraction chromatography (EXC) belongs to techniques for separation
and preconcentration of radionuclides for analytical purposes, including
Accurate assays of radioactive materials by gamma-ray spectroscopy depend on many factors, the most obvious being accura
This paper will analyze current available data on nuclear education and correlate the results with projections of the nuclear work
The Gran Sasso National Laboratories (L.N.G.S. = Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso) of the National Institute of Nuclear Phy
The Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) and the Generation IV Reactor Initiative have demonstrated a lack of detailed neutro
Nuclear and radiochemistry have become neglected disciplines, with a shrinking talent pool of nuclear and radiochemists globa
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging modality which has been used as a clinical tool for the last 15 yea
The determination of very low activities from naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) by gamma-ray spectrometry requ
We have conducted a comparison of several digital-signal-processor based spectrometers with the pulser-stabilized analog spe
Passive detection of clandestine fissionable materials is technically challenging, because U-235 and Pu-239 emit little radiation
Advances in geochemistry and geochronology are often closely linked to development of new technologies for improved measu
Following the publication in 1968 by Currie on a definition spectrometry for the non-destructive assay of plutonium bearing item
The application of quantitative high resolution gamma-ray of the
detection limits to be used for radiometric measurements, several
The multiple isotope material basis set (MIMBS) method for isotope identification expands on our previous research on single-
3D quantitative elemental maps of a section of a strand of hair were produced using a combination of PIXE-Tomography and s
Epidemiological evidence on health effects from exposure to diesel ultra fines (0.1-0.3μm) is currently inconclusive in the U.K. C
The purpose of the present work is to study the properties and application of a new commercial of-the-shelf quadrupole-based
The current editions of the IUPAC Orange and Gold Books do not adequately cover the definition of terms used in nuclear and
Current demands for ever increasing copper purity has exceeded our ability to measure the impurities present using existing an
Since the first Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler / Analyzer (RASA) station was certified as part of the International Monitoring Sys
The United States has committed itself and its resources to secure the homeland against radiological and nuclear attacks from
Scintillator detectors use a crystal, a photo-multiplier (PMT), a high voltage power supply (HVPS) and a multichannel analyzer (
WSU one of the most with Pacific Northwest known, Laboratory
Milk iswill work togethercomplete foods that areNational containing micronutrients, carbohydrates, aminoacids and lipids in appr
(PNNL) to offer innovative programs of education and outreach. One
MALDI TOF MS is one of the most important analytical tools e.g. in proteomics as it is able to ionize biomolecules without their
Medical linear accelerators (linacs) are used extensively in modern radiotherapy for their flexibility and versatility. As the treatme
Information on the nutritional status of individuals and populations is essential in order to initiate the solution for malnutrition. Th
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is based on the nuclear reaction (n, α) that occurs when 10B is irradiated by thermal n
We have found that semipermiable polymer thin films loaded with lipophilic extractants can act as selective sorbent layers that
Iodine is an essential trace element for human beings. Either the lack or the excess of iodine can cause health problems. The
Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) has been used to analyze various types of cereals and vegetables from Ghana
A simple one-step cloud point extraction preconcentration-neutron activation analysis (NAA) method has been developed for th
The chemical speciation of the actinides in environmental waters is largely defined by the redox conditions leading to different o

Plastic scintillator material is often used for gamma-ray detection in many applications due to the relatively good sensitivity and
A world-wide radionuclide network of 80 stations, 40 of which with noble-gas-detection capability, and part of the International M
Edible seaweeds play an important role as a daily source of minerals for Japanese population groups. It is therefore of interest
Since several years we have implemented a web-based graduate level course in nuclear and radiochemistry. While the first mo
The radioactivity of various types of samples from the environment (soil, sediment, water, vegetation) and waste samples provi
In order to understand the levels and distribution of Pu in the environment we have studied analytical procedures of this elemen
Iodine-129 is one of the most important radionuclides in environmental sciences and geochemistry. In this study, we have deve

Bottom sediments from water bodies (creeks and small rivers) sited at the Western Region of Paraguay (Chaco) were investiga
Positron emission tomography (PET) is rapidly becoming the main nuclear imaging modality of the present century. In PET, rad
The accumulation of chemical elements in biological compartments is the strategy developed by tropical species to survive in g
A new centrifugal electrodissolution technology was developed. It allows time-controlled electrodissolution of proton irradiated r
Until 1970, the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) operated a disposal facility for radioactive waste called the Subsurface Disposa
The use of the radionuclide 103Pd (decay essentially by EC) for permanent brachytherapy is rapidly increasing. This radioisoto
Environmental radiochemistry at Clemson University is a graduate-level focus area within the Environmental Engineering and S
A method for the verification provisions of the Comprehensive Nuclear- cattail using cold neutron prompt gamma activation ana
The radionuclide determination of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in
Test-Ban Treaty include the measurement of xenon isotopes and this
The goal of nuclear forensics is to establish an unambiguous link between illicitly trafficked nuclear material and its origin. Los
In nuclear forensics, the ability to identify key signatures in interdicted Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) is essential to rapidly id
Some of the most interesting developments in science and commerce have resulted from attempts to detect rare events, such
Using 1 gram of 241Am from LANL stocks, we describe the purification steps required to obtain a purified solution of 241Am fro
The heritability of chronic hepatitis in, amongst others, the Labrador retriever is studied at the Department of Clinical Sciences o
The initial publication of the ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) and many related documents h
The amount of specific isotopes generated in the fission process is dependent, among other parameters, upon the type of fuel
Isotope and enhancing nuclear knowledge is vital to the continued,
Preservingratio of various natural isotopes, (e.g. 235U/238U) is important for environmental radioactivity monitoring e.g. to follo
sustainable and safe utilization of all nuclear technologies for energy
Stainless steel flux wires were used to determine the neutron peaceful
spectra and total flux during the Reactor-Accelerator Coupling
Superconducting photon and particle detectors have been developed over the last decades because of the exquisitely high ene
The Intercomparison Studies Program (ISP) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) provides natural urine QA/QC samp
The Intercomparison Studies Program (ISP) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) provided the Los Alamos National L
Previous reviews of the development and utilization of collision and reaction cells in atomic mass spectrometry are updated with
Determination of specific activity of radionuclides 234-238U, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, and 244Cm in liquid radioactive was
One of volume ofimportant tasks of ecological monitoring is the control for radionuclides content in water. Determination of spec
A high the most water with uranium and transuranium radionuclides is
presented at Chernobyl NPP Object data analysis water is medium-
Under the results of gamma-logging ―Shelter‖. Thisperformed in
boreholes near Object ―Shelter‖, anomalous increase of gamma-
A selective dissolution study of contaminated sediment collected near the Chernobyl nuclear reactor complex was completed to
are of the need for rapid assessment of the presence and type of chemical, biological, or nuclear materials. Since 2003, numerous voluntee
nalysis Laboratory have participated in a collaborative analytical project to identify and quantify ultra-trace level metallic impurities in silicon w
mal or plant, lower or higher -- for an intensive assessment of a certain attribute -- usually, an environmental one -- with a significant reductio
ized by low event rates due to the low beam intensities used. Radiochemistry and radioanalytical techniques can be of advantage in these s

ental conditions, agronomic practices and handling & processing methods of plants/plant parts during and after harvest. A preliminary study s
a in Coimbra. The selected items were: chicken, pork and cow meat, eggs, two sorts of rice, and two sorts of bean. They were frozen raw an
dy can be used to calculate the relative contents of body fat, protein, and water. A system based on prompt-gamma neutron activation analy
ents with short-lived neutron activation products (half-lives of about 2 minutes to 1.5 days). Irradiation and gamma-ray counting conditions we
ent of human body composition. Advancements in portable, compact neutron generator design have made those devices attractive as neutro
easingly popular in recent years. The OSL method is based on luminescence emitted from semiconductor materials stimulated with specific
y (NTM) is described in this paper. The method is based on the relationship between alpha-particle energies deposited in polycarbonate ma
mmissioning activities of a reprocessing nuclear plant, in the Research Centre of Saluggia of the Italian National Agency for New Technologie

om an underground storage tank. A replication of the dispersion of the actinides and fission products was conducted in the laboratory using
st of specific saturation activities determined for one irradiation position and one detector geometry. Combined with line energies and half-live
the home of a 1 Megawatt General Atomics TRIGA nuclear reactor, a 1000 Curie Cobalt-60 Irradiation Facility, and a Borated Neutron Captu
ectrum from the 1/E shape (α) are essential parameters for the correct application of k0-standardised neutron activation analyses. Several m
neutron activation analysis. The method makes use of 35S produced from 34S upon neutron irradiation. The sample is irradiated, mixed wi
chemical warfare agents (CWA), such as bis-(2-chloroethyl)sulfide (also known as distilled mustard, mustard gas and HD). Recently, efforts

des. During the last years we have optimized our AMS system in Munich further. Depending on the isotopes of interest isotopic ratios down
ining the 186-keV peak area. The NaI detectors have been widely used for these tasks. However, for recycle uranium, the interference of the
3 keV and main E = 208.4 keV, 11%) is starting to find several applications in nuclear medicine, especially for metabolic radiotherapy of ca
been shown that these hoods leak contaminates, especially when a worker is performing work in the hood. Measurement of the amount of
A) particularly as it affects reactor irradiation channel characterization and application of comparator methods. The work investigated the ava
spectrometery at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. It has proven invaluable in the analysis of Trans-Uranics and long lived radio-isotope
a emitter 211At/211gPo (t1/2 = 7.214 h/516 ms) in no-carrier-added form (NCA), produced in K=38 cyclotron by 209Bi( ,2n) reaction. This ra
nd ionisation of atoms with laser light and subsequent mass analysis of the created ions. As the atomic energy level structure is unique for e
opes with half-lives in the range of hours to years. These are typically of greatest concern from a risk standpoint because they generally exh
ding to the US Network of Analytical Laboratories (NWAL) in support of International Atomic Energy Agency‘s (IAEA) Safeguards program.
d to develop construction materials with very low concentrations of thorium and uranium (e.g. for thorium <1 microBq/kg or <0.25 pg/g). Rea

s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) is responsible for monitoring and protecting the food supply during emergency situa
nic diseases including diabetes and heart ailments. Despite tremendous advances in medical sciences during past few decades, there is no
d with Se-75 has been employed in a study carried out under field conditions. The investigation was based on a previously developed instrum
e isotope ratio of stable strontium is used for geochemistry, since strontium-87 is radiogenic isotope from rubidium-87. Thus, strontium is ve
n analysis. The cause can be either an unexpected and unwanted perturbation, a typical variation well known for the irradiation facility or an e
been released into environments from atmospheric nuclear explosions and fuel reprocessing facilities. Recently, 99Tc in an environmental s
storical tank inventories and environmental soils. Of interest are certain long lived fission product isotopes such as 126Sn. An ion exchange
sulted in the installation of many nuclear radiation detection systems in Portal Monitors. These were mainly gross counters which alarmed at
ifier, correction circuits, and ADC with a single digital system that processes the sampled waveform from the preamplifier with a variety of m
. By definition this initial process must be carried out in-situ. Good knowledge of the inventory of nuclides present, both type and location, is
s important in understanding the fission process. To accomplish this, various techniques must be implemented. One such method is direct
ty in the middle of nowhere, might one day provide the evidence to disrupt a deadly nuclear threat. To find that source, which emits just a few
r. Resulting attenuation of cosmic muon flux was successfully used to radiograph large-scale objects. During their passage through matter c

uantification of radionuclides in mixed fission product samples are needed to provide forensic information and sample characterization. Meas
of cargo and personnel. These instruments will have significantly more processing power than previous instruments allowing them to becom
ogens. Because of this, successful TIMS analysis of iodine requires halogen separation. Recovery experiments on a mixed halide solution
m filaments for Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometric (TIMS) measurements. The ability of the device to focus the deposition to diameters
e X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). This technique is based on the real time generation, detection and measurement of X-rays emitted by the ele

een 1951 and 1992, depositing >1018 Bq of radioactivity in the subsurface environment. Approximately one-third of these tests were conduc
n breast disease (fibroadenoma tumors). The concentrations of more than 20 elements in breast sample tissue taken from 18 pre-menopaus
has been observed in groundwater and surface water. At the Nevada Test Site groundwater contaminated with radionuclides associated wit
medial decisions about facilities and landfill cleanup. For facility monitoring air samples can be collected from within a facility and analyzed fo
allenge that must be addressed to avert the potential devastating effects of global warming. Within the United States, the most abundant so
sotope ratio mass spectrometer has been constructed and tested. The results of tests with both the full scale prototype and a small-scale pro
and neutron coincidence counting are widely used for nuclear safeguards and material control. Quantitative interpretation of some of these m
s is urgently required. Using photovoltaic sources (PV), this can be achieved. However, to save material resources, and to minimise undesira
ate containing fertilizer samples (> 5% phosphate content) as well as in raw phosphates used and (partly) produced in Austria has been mea
e of the most important tasks in science today. Both shellfish and seaweed have been shown to be effective indicators of the ocean quality.
eparate areas of Maryland by state laboratories charged with the responsibility for overseeing water quality. In one case, the level determine
nuclide-specific analytes in a one-time voiding of urine. Present collection methods require that bulk (one to two Liter) urine samples be colle
e application of ANSI N42.22 test criteria as an indication of acceptable radioanalytical capabilities. The ANSI N42.22 test criteria asks that th
supply of natural matrix standards in sufficient quantities and varieties for quality control purposes at the user level at the first meeting of the
age received by people to determine the actions of emergency response teams. As part of these radiation dosage calculations, accurate me
ain structures with mass as low as 0.5 mg. Our investigation encompassed two murine mutant types, weaver and Lurcher. These mutations
on (1 – 10 Bq/g range) in a solution containing comparable activities of other actinides (230Th, 234U, 238U, 238Pu, 240Pu and 241Am) and

ng statistics and detection limits for nuclear explosion radionuclide measurements. SDAT utilizes spectral deconvolution spectroscopy techn

investigations of both the nuclear and chemical properties of the transactinide elements (Z>103) will be discussed.. Although the currently k
e quantitative analysis of mixed fission product samples. An effort to streamline and optimize the separation and detection of fission products
n environmental radioactivity measurements. The reasons are an excellent energy resolution and high efficiency that permits selective and n
asurements due to increased backgrounds, larger measurement uncertainty, and decreased sensitivity (increased detection limit). In additio
VACIS® rail gamma-ray-imaging system when it is located near the type of Radiation Portal Monitor (RPM) installed at international borders
s, by mutations in one of the genes (COL1A1 or COL1A2) that encode the proα chains of type I procollagen. Type I procollagen mutations c

umental determination is an alternative to chemical separation. 31P(γ, n)30P seems promising. Unfortunately, oxygen is present in many org
Loss-Free Counting are the corner stones of Rapid Automatic Neutron Activation Analysis which has been reported on at the last Kona Confe
oss the diameter of a fuel segment. This device was designed and tested at the Idaho National Laboratory, Materials and Fuels Complex, op
that of the neutron inducing fission have been measured. The spectra were obtained for 1.5 MeV and 2.5 MeV incident neutrons. Previous
ensitive detector systems operating in coincidence-anticoincidence modes. Thanks to an excellent energy resolution and a high efficiency, la
purpose of this study was to examine the robustness of nail mercury (Hg) and Se as biomarkers of dietary intake. Dietary Se supplementatio
taminated soils. A field screen study and a greenhouse study were conducted to assess the ability of selected plant species to extract U and
na and at several other Department of Energy sites. Radionuclides that contaminate water, soils, or sediments cannot be destroyed, but the

alyses of urine samples from individuals working with plutonium. This program has operated continuously for over 60 years. During that time
ation sources. This device integrates the real-time output of multiple radiation detectors into a hand-held personal computer (e.g., a PDA) co
nstruments containing NaI or CsI detectors has been performed at SRNL. Hand-held radiation detection equipment containing small scintillat
ctrometry (AMS) was used for the determination of the isotopic vector of Plutonium isotopes in environmental reference samples and sample

e coarse (PM2.5-10) and fine (PM2.5) size fractions at a sub-urban site in Lisbon, Portugal. The samplings were done during the year 2001 a
ta management are needed for a successful response to a radiological threat. For gamma spectrometric measurements, a database LINSSI
have been developed to calculate the spectra produced by these systems. Detailed MCNPX models have been developed to calculate the
radiological samples via thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) has been developed. Employing an automated gas pressurized extra
ues of research and development in the nuclear industry. One of the most dramatic enhancements of measurement capabilities has been t
try (ICP-MS) will be discussed. The paper will demonstrate the successful dismantling, and dissolution of the Co-60 source in a hot cell env
dimentary sequences to volcanic activity. We observed a certain coincidence of increased Ba values in such samples and volcanic events. E
ke tree rings or speleothems has been going on for a very long time. Even though the reactions of tree rings to cataclysmic events are fairly w
world market, both in the power and the applications branches, keeping up the high academic level required by the Nuclear Science researc
s been mainly derived from global fallout. 137Cs in the ocean is one of chemical tracers of water mass motion at the time scale of several de
tion analysis (PGAA) provides the average composition over the irradiated volume of the sample. This makes possible the analysis of sampl
nce Livermore National Laboratory achieved Radiological Status per DOE-STD-1027-92. Historically the Heavy Element Facility supported nu
Administration has developed a radiochemistry program, which utilizes the combined resources and talents of an existing radiochemistry pro
timulate the education and training of scientists and engineers with expertise in radiochemistry. Workforce studies have shown that there is
gulation of total body homeostasis. The frequency of the administration of some drugs, antibiotics as well as excess consumption of calcium
along with other stable isotopes of iodine, is released during the reprocessing of nuclear fuel and must be trapped to prevent the release of r
ch surface soils and sediment and that a large fraction of soluble iodine may be associated with dissolved humic material. Iodate reacts with
ST) have collaborated in the analyses of silicate materials doped with boron in order to determine the concentration versus depth profile of th

econcentration prior to radiometric analysis. There are many types of inorganic sorbents suitable for this application including ammonium mo
oring of carbon in soil. For that purpose, 14 MeV fast neutrons emanating isotropically from a d,t neutron generator (NG) interact with carbon
ulations. The mesh tally is a virtual grid structure superimposed on a geometry rather than being defined as part of the geometry. In the mes
duced gamma rays is being developed for in-situ soil analysis. Since a pulsed fast D-T neutron source is utilized, fast neutron induced inela
and monazite minerals commonly present in the Malaysian terrains. With the upheaval of these minerals from tin-mining activities, for secon
on(III) oxide (HFO) onto the porous surfaces of carbon. Acid activation makes the carbon suitable for metal uptake. Thus, Fe(III) was loaded
on(III) oxide (HFO) onto the porous surfaces of carbon. Acid activation makes the carbon suitable for metal uptake. Thus, Fe(III) was loaded

cations, in particular for nuclear geochronology. The most accurate measurements, by Jaffey et al., have up to now not been confirmed by o
s among those laboratories which provide radioactivity monitoring data from their country to authorities of the European Commission (EC) un
lp hair has become increasingly popular for biomonitoring environmental exposure, evaluating systematic intoxication, assessing nutritional s
such as in the investigations of dental caries, for monitoring exposure to toxic elements, anthropological studies and to detect nutritional defi
hen a beta emitter is shielded by metals such as aluminum, steel, tungsten, and lead. Emphasis has been placed on the neutron activation o
al samples, such as drinking water, vegetable, milk and soil. In this method, Re is added to obtain the chemical yield. 99Tc is leached out fro
cal separations following neutron activation. These dedicated procedures require a high level of experimental skill and are time-consuming. I
and identifying isotopic composition have potential to improve present-day low-count, gamma-ray detection and analysis systems. Low-count
was used to compare environmental radiionuclide distribution. Core sample was taken 1 cm depth interval with titanium knife and dried at 60
emental pattern in archaeological pottery. It is generally accepted today, that this pattern, if measured with high precision, characterizes the c
milation into the environment, etc.,) are complex and not fully understood. Detection of elemental constituents has been undertaken through

nat.Ag target (6.6 g, pressed into a 19 mm disc). The method included two stages. In the first stage, after dissolution of the target in nitric ac
ring neutron capture cross sections using the Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE) located at the Los Alamos Neu
developed that chemically reduces Eu(III) to Eu(II) prior to solvent extraction of Ln(III) with thenoyltrifluoroacetone in benzene. This method
in the range 30-1000 years. Detection of 32Si is, however, very difficult due to extremely low natural concentrations and isotopic ratios. At G
ed value and an associated uncertainty from a discrepant set of data. This issue is particularly apparent in the case of half-lives of radionuclid
on of detectors. The gamma ray intensities of 15N and the detection efficiency function have been simultaneously determined from peak are
etrical location and magnetic state of the Mössbauer isotope as influenced by its surrounding atoms. Our new in-beam Mössbauer instrumen
e first kind when the blank count time is an integer in [1, 20] times greater than the sample count time. The blank count and the contribution
analysis (PCNAA) procedure was developed to accommodate irradiation in a 500 kW light water, low enriched fuel, natural convection pool-
sing facility, increment cores were collected from sugar maples (Acer saccharum) at locations with groundwater incident the Fernald Site. Sa
okane, WA area for the Spokane Air-filters project. The samples were sent to the US EPA in Research Triangle Park, NC for energy dispersi
acenutrient Se and for the toxic trace elements As and Hg. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the toenail as a biomonito
een developed over the past few decades, but none have been specifically designed to facilitate rapid analysis in a field situation. The goal o
a rays that originate within the HPGe detector to the gamma ray spectrum. In CSS the HPGe detector is surrounded by an assembly of guar
d on the illumination of samples with thermal or sub-thermal neutrons, and subsequent release of charged particles. Upon neutron absorptio
r quantification of fissile material. The method has relatively few sources of error and may be accomplished nondestructively. The Oak Ridg
0.1 to 1 mm. In contrast, atmospheric nuclear explosions produce radioactive aerosols with aerodynamic diameters less than 0.1 mm. Sur

science education and research in the USA during the 1950-80‘s. The Pennsylvania State University (PSU) had been a perfect example of
adiation detection instrumentation to interdict the illegal shipment of radioactive material crossing international borders. These efforts include
mple yield unacceptably-large estimates of uncertainty that reduce measurement sensitivity when applied to very-low-background detection s
for plutonium and uranium in input spent-fuel dissolver solutions at a reprocessing plant and mixed oxide (MOX) product solutions at a fuel
urement of two quantities of interest for reactor safeguards: the reactor's power and plutonium inventory throughout its cycle. The high antine
nuclear fuel reprocessing plant now under performing U-testing. To study the effect of radiocarbon (14C) released from the plants in future
are basic data for applications in radioanalytical analysis for biomedical research and wear control by TLA, monitoring of processes around m
ment in various technological fields and to the well known adverse effects to biological systems. Use of high sensitivity radio-analytical techniq
le to conjugate properly development and environmental protection; this implies: -the introduction of advanced technologies to minimise an
y cases their exact chemical form (chemical species) during the application is not known. For medical use e.g. in pharmaceuticals, it is, howe
ates the National Response Plan (NRP), the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC) collects environmental sam
such as ground water movement and uranium series disequilibrium in rocks. Traditional methods such as radiation counting and thermal ion
alfalfa molt rations through the gastrointestinal tracts of layer hens. The use of rare earth elements as activatable stable markers in animal d
e of evacuees have been developed. Based on past experience relating neutron radiation exposures to activation products, measurement of
tion Portal Monitor Project (RPMP). Such improved detection methods have the potential to reduce the impediments that RPMs present to th
r power plants. Nowadays, disposal of these liquid wastes is very difficult due to the high volatility of tritium. Therefore we are investigating di
s known about this isomer, especially its neutron-induced fission cross-section, which is of high interest to the Stockpile Stewardship program

eutrons (similar to a cadmium ratio) has been proposed. The intent of this work is to examine if erbium isotopic ratios can be used to refine d
ment-analysis chain from sample collection to final analysis results. LINSSI has been designed to support laboratories beginning from sampl
tilized in the First System-Wide Performance Test (SPT1) of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) in June 20
ow-cells used for low-level environmental monitoring of radioactivity in aqueous solutions. The conventional method of comparing a sample
plutonium oxide and mixed oxides. Historically, most of these measurements have been performed using shift register based electronics. T
method because it can be done in a medium energy cyclotron, leading to a high yield and low contamination by the radioisotopic impurity 210A
n high purity silica, and to investigate contamination of the impurities from pulverizing alumina ball to the silica. Because the soft error of high
inely fed in large, confined, swine operations to alleviate physiological stress and enhance performance in weanling pigs. The mechanism b
ium in prospectively collected biologic markers including blood sera and plasma, toenails, and fingernails. These specimens are typically co
ating has been employed to segregate nuclear processes by acquiring gamma-ray spectra separately when the source was on (HIGH gate) a
terials that have multiple uses in both basic and applied research. The significance for the need for accurate, highly sensitive analyses for t
tivity, and, although radiological composition may be determined by various nuclear-analytical methods, most importantly, gamma spectrosco
pid selection of chelating agents for radioactive metal sequestration. While the binding of any specific cation can be determined by a systema
cumstances. Along with the difficulty of geometry effects increasing regulatory constraints are making it difficult to carry calibration radiation
terials of extreme radiopurity. Measurements of rare nuclear decays, e.g. neutrinoless double-beta decay, can require bulk radiopurity reachi
ts at the University of Texas at Austin have designed a fast neutron filter system for the radial beam port of its MARK II TRIGA reactor. The c
plutonium in order to decrease the distribution of Pu to the TBP-organic phase. However, the effect of AHA on the complexation and extrac
d complex plutonium decreasing the distribution of Pu to the TBP-organic phase. In this study, the extraction of tetravalent thorium, zirconium
widely used in the field of nuclear structure studies, and has produced many successful achievements. We developed a new technique
ergy's Hanford Site. To prevent 90Sr from entering the Columbia River, various remediation technologies have been applied in the past, and
n purpose of the first step is volume reduction of the sample solution in preferably short time and by lowest possible energy consumption. Th
ste waters, by Gas proportional counting (GPC) after evaporation shows two drawbacks due to dissolved solids found in these samples. Self
spectrum identification software. It allows users to access centrally managed Shaman and UniSampo software packages in a laboratory-wid
wn as coincidence method. In this method, when two or more gamma rays are detected coincidently by two or more gamma ray detectors, th
h standard, calibrated systems for radioactive counting and presumptive Poisson distributions will describe a concentration and standard dev
eric input and a conservative tracer of mixing in the open ocean. This paper elucidates a method for improving the analysis of 7Be from seaw
nt e.g. in nuclear safeguards and nuclear forensics. One parameter that will limit the precision of isotope ratio measurements is the dead tim
mined by analysing the isotope amount ratio of the plutonium isotopes and their daughter nuclides. In this paper, a method for age determina
y. The required quantification levels will be relatively high which offers smaller sample sizes and shorter ingrowth and counting times. In this p
y for measuring environmental samples and for pulse distribution studies tied to the behavior of proportional and Geiger-Müller detectors. U
xchange processes. From August 2000 to February 2002, a high volume dichotomous aerosol sampler was deployed to collect airborne part
has been created to rapidly measure Sr-90 in high activity salt waste matrices. These matrices are high in Cs-137 (nominally as high as 1E
of applied interest in managing the Savannah River Site. Sensitivity needs for many of the applications are not severe; analyses are accomp
d 85-90% of total activity of a reactor facility (excluding nuclear fuel) are incorporated in the fuel channel pipes (FCP). According to the calcu

pectrometry applications. Calculations are done by Monte-Carlo approach on the basis of the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File ENSDF/2
cycle. Currently the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) is developing technologies for this purpose. During the summer of 2005 a process
ation of nuclear fuel, which translates to achieving higher burnup (a measure of the number of atoms that underwent fission). Computer code
differ in radiochemical analysis. In this paper, we describe the preparation of a low-level standard of Cm-245 from an aged source of Cf-249
tablished, and is the subject of a series of ISO standards. Furthermore, the use quality control techniques is a specific requirement of ISO 17
2) was derived. In this paper, a theoretical analysis of the uncertainties arising from the these equations is presented, and the specific case f
ccreditation to the then UK national accreditation standard (M10, M10 supplement and M11) through the NPL's National Measurement Accre
aboratory (NPL) has organised sesquiennial environmental proficiency tests for a range of radionuclides including fission products, activation
s been involved in the standardisation of radioactivity since receipt of the first British National Radium standard in 1912. Much has changed s
ronic toxic effects associated with the presence of even low levels inorganic arsenic compounds in groundwater and other water reservoirs.

s, the most obvious being accurate gamma-ray intensities. We have used radiochemical methods to prepare pure samples of actinides. On
with projections of the nuclear workforce which will be required over the coming years. Many have predicted that there will be a crisis in the tr
e National Institute of Nuclear Physics (I.N.F.N. = Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) of Italy are dedicated mainly to astroparticle and parti
onstrated a lack of detailed neutron cross-sections for certain "minor" actinides, those other than the most common (235U, 238U, and 239Pu
nuclear and radiochemists globally. Many factors such as outmoded academic and research programs and narrow disciplinary definitions h
as a clinical tool for the last 15 years. Its use is expanding at a high rate with the development of combined PET/CT modalities offering sever
by gamma-ray spectrometry requires the use of detection systems with minimum background activity. In our laboratory, we have combined
th the pulser-stabilized analog spectrometers currently in used in our radioanalytical laboratories. We have studied the stability, spectral qua
35 and Pu-239 emit little radiation and that radiation is easily shielded. A great deal of effort and ingenuity are being put into active methods o
technologies for improved measurement of elemental and isotopic abundance. At the beginning of the past decade, thermal ionization mas
e assay of plutonium bearing items, such as waste drums, is complicated by self attenuation if the plutonum is present as lumps. By definitio

our previous research on single- and dual-isotope algorithms. MIMBS couples the material basis set (MBS) method with ordinary response f
ation of PIXE-Tomography and simultaneous On/Off Axis STIM-Tomography at the University of Surrey Ion Beam Centre. The distributions
currently inconclusive in the U.K. Concentrations of metallic elements from diesel combustion, surface abrasion of catalytic converters and ty
al of-the-shelf quadrupole-based ICP-MS Thermo "X7" manufactured by VG Elemental (Winsford, Cheshire, UK) for precisely determining th
tion of terms used in nuclear and radiochemistry, and related nuclear sciences and technologies. A detailed analysis of relevant textbooks, jo
mpurities present using existing analytical methodologies. Direct assay employing radiometric means require impractical amounts of materia
f the International Monitoring System in November 2002, thirteen more have been certified. In addition, there are currently eight systems in
ological and nuclear attacks from terrorist foes. Nuclear spectrometry and instrumentation has become a cornerstone in this effort. As the U
PS) and a multichannel analyzer (MCA) for nuclear spectroscopy. Traditionally, the electronics is separated from the detector and the compo
es, aminoacids and lipids in appropriate proportions to the human nutrition. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) describes the milk

ionize biomolecules without their massive destruction. It is the leading-edge tool for studying peptides, proteins, biotechnological and pharm
bility and versatility. As the treatment regime moves from low-energy, e.g. 6 MV, photon beams to high-energy beams, 10 to 25 MV, neutrons
te the solution for malnutrition. The information can verify the nature of the nutrition problem and the effectiveness of the specific solution or
hen 10B is irradiated by thermal neutrons yielding high linear energy transfer α particles and recoiling 7Li nuclei. High energy photon beams
t as selective sorbent layers that are effective at capturing radionuclides. Several membrane chemistries that are selective for actinides hav
can cause health problems. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that about 740 million people around the world suffer fro
eals and vegetables from Ghana using relatively short-lived nuclides (t1/2<65 s) and Compton suppression spectrometry. The samples wer
method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of Cd, Cr, and Hg. The method is based on separation of non-ionic surfacta
ox conditions leading to different oxidation states (An(III), An(IV), An(V), An(VI)), hydrolysis related to pH (An(IV)>An(VI)>An(III)>An(V)) and

the relatively good sensitivity and cost-effectiveness compared to other detection materials. However, due to the dominant Compton scatteri
lity, and part of the International Monitoring System (IMS) has been designed to monitor compliance to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ba
groups. It is therefore of interest to estimate the average daily dietary intakes of minerals from seaweeds. In this study, bioavailable (BA) fr
radiochemistry. While the first modules were primarily focused on basic nuclear and radiochemistry concepts, we have now developed lectu
etation) and waste samples provided by the decommissioning activity of the VVR-S reactor at NIPNE was measured using a high resolution,
alytical procedures of this element by High resolution-type ICP-MS. Special attention was paid to the extraction procedure of Pu from soil us
mistry. In this study, we have developed an appropriate procedure for the separation of iodine from environmental samples such as soil and 1

Paraguay (Chaco) were investigated with XRF techniques. Selected trace elements analyzed in sediments were Zr, Nb, Ba, La, Ce, Nd usin
of the present century. In PET, radioisotopes of major elements found in the human body (11C, 13N, 15O, 18F) label metabolically active com
by tropical species to survive in growing unfavorable conditions (e.g. poor nutrient content soil). By means of advanced multielement techniq
odissolution of proton irradiated rhodium powder, fragments, cut wires and foils in a limited volume of hydrochloric acid. The mini-reactor se
te called the Subsurface Disposal Area (SDA). The SDA was used to bury containers of low-level transuranic waste received primarily from
apidly increasing. This radioisotope can be produced in reactors via a 102Pd(n,g) reaction and in a carrier free form using charged particle in
Environmental Engineering and Science Department. The environmental radiochemistry focus area was initiated in the Fall of 2000 as a join
on prompt gamma activation analysis (CNPGAA) has been developed in the CNPGAA facility at the National Institute of Standards and Tech

clear material and its origin. Los Alamos National Laboratory has implemented a graded ―conduct of operations‖ type approach for determin
als (SNM) is essential to rapidly identify a sample‘s characteristics, such as origin, intended use, and route attribution. To determine what ke
empts to detect rare events, such as related to the production of radiocarbon in the natural environment, the occurrence of dodder seeds in c
in a purified solution of 241Am from the original material. Part of the purified solution was submitted for purity analysis by mass spectrometr
Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals at the Utrecht University in The Netherlands. This research is supported by the Cu d
M) and many related documents has resulted in a worldwide awareness of the importance of a realistic estimate of the value reported after th
parameters, upon the type of fuel fissioned. The greatest differences in production are at the wings and valley of the fission yield curves. Yield
adioactivity monitoring e.g. to follow the release of uranium from nuclear facilities and of naturally occurring radioactive materials by the coal,

ecause of the exquisitely high energy resolution that detector operation at temperatures below 1K enables. One detector technology uses a s
ovides natural urine QA/QC samples to the radiobioassay community. The samples are available as double blinds and are spiked at low lev
ovided the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) with a series of natural urine radiobioassay samples containing 238Pu, 239Pu and 240Pu
ass spectrometry are updated with a focus on radionuclide detection and quantitation by mass spectrometry. Collision cells have been used
d 244Cm in liquid radioactive waste (LRW) of Chernobyl NPP Object ―Shelter‖ is the regulation task of radiation monitoring and control of Ob
nt in water. Determination of specific activity of radionuclides 234,235,236,238U, 238Pu, 239+240Pu and 241Am in ground water is required

eactor complex was completed to determine if it was possible to identify the presence of different chemical species of the same radionuclide
ce 2003, numerous volunteer members of ASTM Committee D19.04, representing numerous national laboratories, government agencies, a
metallic impurities in silicon wafers. NAA detection limits (atoms cm-3) for these analyses range from 1E7 for Au to 3E12 for Fe. The detecti
e -- with a significant reduction in total sampling costs, when comparing to an operation with physical-chemical devices. Tracking distinctive, m
an be of advantage in these studies. We discuss three applications from our current research: (a) in-beam alpha spectroscopy of short-lived

harvest. A preliminary study showed that some spices used in Sri Lanka were enriched in certain trace elements, probably due to contamina
an. They were frozen raw and freeze-dried raw (using a Heto-DW8); average weight loss was around 70% for meat and eggs, and between
mma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA), coupled with the associated particle imaging (API) technique, is being developed for this purpose
ma-ray counting conditions were optimized for iodine detection to provide quality assurance analyses for FDA's Total Diet Study (TDS). Iodine
e devices attractive as neutron sources. Two distinct neutron generators are available: D-D with 2.5 MeV neutrons and D-T with 14.2 MeV n
erials stimulated with specific wavelengths of light, after being exposed to ionizing radiation. The OSL intensity is a function of the radiation d
eposited in polycarbonate material (CR-39) and the track size developed after a well-established chemical etching process. Track geometry,
Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Environment-ENEA, provides for radiotoxicological analyses on biological samples (urines and f

ucted in the laboratory using neutron-irradiated and non-irradiated natural uranium and metal standards dissolved in acidic aqueous solution
with line energies and half-lives, this list serves for nuclide identification as well as for the calculation of elemental concentrations. Originally c
and a Borated Neutron Capture Treatment Facility (BNCT). The Nuclear Radiation Center is a facility unique to Washington State University
ctivation analyses. Several methods are applied for the determination of f and α. They are based on Cd-ratio or Cd-covered multi-monitor me
sample is irradiated, mixed with sulfate carrier and dissolved in nitric and hydrochloric acids. The solution is evaporated to dryness, and nitra
as and HD). Recently, efforts have been undertaken to dispose of bulk agent and to remediate areas contaminated by research activities. In

interest isotopic ratios down to 10*-16 can be determined now. In the course of our studies 26Al and 53Mn measurements in environmental
anium, the interference of the 239-keV gamma rays from the 232U decay chain would challenge the capabilities of the NaI detectors to accu
metabolic radiotherapy of cancer and radioimunotherapy. The production of 177gLu is carried out mainly in thermal nuclear reactor. The prin
asurement of the amount of leakage has been primarily qualitative as it is difficult to conventionally measure the small quantity of material (o
The work investigated the available sources of nuclear data, the variations that exist from one source to the other and the effects of such on I
s and long lived radio-isotopes and other isotopic tracers. The heart of the detection system has been the Balzars 317, a 17 stage electron m
209Bi( ,2n) reaction. This radionuclide is suitable for high-LET metabolic radiotherapy and immunotherapy (LET = 130 eVonm-1). The meth
evel structure is unique for each element, the laser excitation-ionisation scheme is highly specific for each investigated element. Coupled wit
nt because they generally exhibit low environmental background and are often amenable to analysis by radiometric counting. Investigating a
AEA) Safeguards program. Under this program site specific environmental samples are collected during facility inspection by IAEA inspecto
croBq/kg or <0.25 pg/g). Reaching this level would allow a germanium gamma spectrometer to operate with greater than 4000 meters-water-

upply during emergency situations. Transportable radioanalytical systems were assembled and tested for quantitative determination of gamm
ast few decades, there is no cure for chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus affecting more than 5% of the total urban population. Litera
previously developed instrumentation and on findings that Se-75 is preferably transferred within the root system to the active tissues of the i
um-87. Thus, strontium is very important element for radioanalytical chemistry. The separation of strontium from other alkaline earth elemen
r the irradiation facility or an extraordinary irradiation over several reactors stops in order to achieve the maximum possible neutron fluence in
y, 99Tc in an environmental sample has been measured by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer because of its high selectivity
h as 126Sn. An ion exchange and gamma energy assay method developed for measuring 126Sn in highly radioactive nuclear reprocessing
s counters which alarmed at any indication of high radioactivity in the shipment or the driver. The innocent alarm rate, due to legal shipments
eamplifier with a variety of mathematical algorithms. DSP techniques have been used in the field of HPGe detector gamma-ray spectrometry
nt, both type and location, is important in the design of an effective plan of remediation. Several systems based on HPGe detectors have bee
. One such method is direct measurement of the fission products energy spectra. We measured the fission products decay spectra using g
ource, which emits just a few dozen alpha-particles and gamma-rays per second, we are developing a new strategy for efficient nuclear sea
eir passage through matter charge particles also undergo multiple scattering. It was demonstrated that based on the measured scattering an

ample characterization. Measurement of characteristic gamma emissions by high-purity germanium spectrometers offers one means of ana
ments allowing them to become a test bed for many advanced algorithms that have been run only on the PC before because of handheld sys
s on a mixed halide solution using 125I tracer indicate that redox-based separations are capable of isolating iodine from chlorine and bromin
s the deposition to diameters of hundreds of micrometers on pre-mounted TIMS filaments coupled with the ease of use and simplicity of des
nt of X-rays emitted by the elements in a sample. The analytical process is non-destructive, requires little sample preparation, can be perform

rd of these tests were conducted below the water table, posing a potential long-term risk to the water resources in this area. The fission prod
taken from 18 pre-menopauses age patients (15-45 years) were determined. The analytical method employed was Instrumental Neutron Ac
radionuclides associated with underground nuclear tests was collected from several different well locations. In each case, the low-levels of p
ithin a facility and analyzed for short lived radioxenons to estimate inventories of residual plutonium holdup within the facility. For landfill cle
States, the most abundant sources of CO2 emissions are those generate from coal- or gas-fired power plants; one method to control CO2 em
ototype and a small-scale prototype instrument are presented. The measured performance of the small-scale prototype sized for 6Li and 7L
rpretation of some of these measurements (e.g. of radiation or heat) requires knowledge of the isotopic composition (or isotopics) of the ma
ces, and to minimise undesirable landfill recycling of spent PV modules is necessary. Therefore, the converting layer (CdTe in this study) was
uced in Austria has been measured by high resolution gamma-spectrometry and ICP-MS in the last 3 years within a monitoring project. The r
dicators of the ocean quality. One of the overall goals of our group is to develop environmental radioactivity standard reference materials suc
ne case, the level determined from gross alpha and beta screening measurements was not accounted for by more specific analyses for uran
Liter) urine samples be collected on-site and shipped to a remote laboratory before the analytical procedure is begun. The transit time betw
42.22 test criteria asks that the difference between the laboratory result and the reference value (supported by measurement traceability link
vel at the first meeting of the Low-Level Measurement Techniques Group in1976. A natural matrix standard was defined as a standard of ra
ge calculations, accurate measurements of the contaminated people require an estimated geometrical efficiency based on the measuring eq
nd Lurcher. These mutations express channelopathy, a condition also observed in several human neurological disorders, including presuma
8Pu, 240Pu and 241Am) and significantly greater activities from 60Co, 90Sr and 137Cs. Photon emissions of 237Np and its daughter 233Pa

nvolution spectroscopy techniques and can analyze both b-g coincidence spectra for radioxenon isotopes and high-resolution HPGe spectra

ed.. Although the currently known transactinides were all discovered using physical (nuclear) techniques, the first isotopes that were discove
detection of fission products has been undertaken, and various alternative chemical separation techniques have been tested. These includ
y that permits selective and non-destructive analyses of several radionuclides in composite samples. Although the most effective way of inc
ed detection limit). In addition, since recoil contamination is permanent, and cannot be practically removed, detectors used for sensitive mea
talled at international borders. Several aspects of the physics and geometry of the problem make the modeling task challenging. Specificall
pe I procollagen mutations can change the structure and/or biosynthesis of type I procollagen, and ultimately alter the mineralization of bone

xygen is present in many organic compounds. 16O (γ, n) 15O leads to a positron emitter with a half life of 122,2 s being rather close to that o
ted on at the last Kona Conference. Programmed in assembler language on a fast PC, the system has sufficient speed reserves to allow am
erials and Fuels Complex, operated by Battelle Energy Alliance. Although the data is preliminary, it appears that the Cs-137 composition in t
incident neutrons. Previous accelerator-based fission neutron spectra measurements have been seriously complicated by time-correlated g
ution and a high efficiency, large volume HPGe detectors have ben widely used in low-level gamma-ray spectrometry. In the present paper w
e. Dietary Se supplementation protects against MeHg toxicity that occurs when inorganic Hg released from methyl-Hg (MeHg) selectively bi
lant species to extract U and Th form contaminated soils. The study site was an ecologically sensitive wetland located on the U.S. Departme
cannot be destroyed, but the toxicity of these inorganic contaminants can be diminished through alteration of their chemical speciation. Ideal

ver 60 years. During that time the plutonium bioassay program incorporated advances in urine sample collection, radiochemical separation te
nal computer (e.g., a PDA) containing an intuitive graphical user interface. An independent hardware module supplies high voltage to the dete
ent containing small scintillators are routinely used by field inspection personnel to detect and identify the transport of uranium as a deterrent
eference samples and samples contaminated from nuclear reprocessing. After chemical separation and adding Pu-236 tracer, samples for A

done during the year 2001 and two daily samples were taken per week. The samples were analyzed for particulate mass and up to 24 elem
urements, a database LINSSI has been developed by the Finnish Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) and its partners. LINSSI su
n developed to calculate the detector response for all the electrons and photons emitted from 131mXe, 133Xe, 133mXe, and 135Xe signals
mated gas pressurized extraction chromatography (GPEC) system, an analytical chemistry method will be discussed and compared to trad
ement capabilities has been the ICP-MS. The fission product historically used to determine burn-up has been Nd-148. This wet chemistry m
Co-60 source in a hot cell environment. Additionally, a means of separating the parent/daughter analytes (Co-60/Ni-60) via a gas pressurized
mples and volcanic events. Especially cave sediments from the Charkadio Cave on the island of Tilos (Dodekanes, Greece) offered some in
ataclysmic events are fairly well understood, there has not been a satisfactory method to distinguish volcanic from other climatically active ev
y the Nuclear Science research and the development and operation of the Nuclear Technology. This work analyses the nuclear market and t
at the time scale of several decades because most of the 137Cs in water columns is present as a dissolved form. In order to achieve the com
ossible the analysis of samples in relatively thick-walled containers. During the routine analysis, targets are packed in Teflon bags or vials. Q
Element Facility supported nuclear testing and performed actinide research that included the transplutonium elements. Among the isotopes u
an existing radiochemistry program at Clemson University, and the staff and program activities at the Savannah River National Laboratory. T
ies have shown that there is increasing demand for radiochemists due, in part, to the retirement of senior expertise developed in the early da
cess consumption of calcium, analgesics, and anesthetics, have been shown to produce damage of the kidney resulting in consequences li
ed to prevent the release of radioactivity to the environment. Past studies have provided evidence that iodine can become associated with N
c material. Iodate reacts with Natural Organic Matter (NOM) and undergoes an abiotic pseudo first-order reaction leading to either reduction
ion versus depth profile of the dopant atoms. The University of Texas at Austin has recently assembled an operational neutron depth profilin

ation including ammonium molybdophosphates (AMP), natural and synthetic zeolites, and ferrocyanides of transition metals. Ferrocyanides a
ator (NG) interact with carbon nuclei in the soil inducing 4.4 MeV gamma rays. The induced gamma radiation is counted by an array of three
of the geometry. In the mesh tally, the track length estimate of the particle flux is calculated and the flux is distributed to the defined mesh c
d, fast neutron induced inelastic neutron scattering reactions are separated in time from thermal neutron capture events. Models utilizing the
n-mining activities, for secondary landuses development, the environment is basically exposed to the natural radioactive materials derived fr
ke. Thus, Fe(III) was loaded onto the acid activated carbon. Then loaded Fe(III) was converted into HFO using alkali and thermal treatment.
ke. Thus, Fe(III) was loaded onto the acid activated carbon. Then loaded Fe(III) was converted into HFO using alkali and thermal treatment.

now not been confirmed by other measurements of comparable accuracy. Hence, the validity of dating via the uranium-lead system is predom
ropean Commission (EC) under various EC legislation articles, e.g. Article 35 and 36 of the EURATOM Treaty. The principal objective of suc
cation, assessing nutritional status and diagnosing diseases. Although hair is the most convenient tissue for trace element determinations th
and to detect nutritional deficiencies. Most analyses of teeth are made using entire tooth. In present study, however, tooth tissues were sep
ed on the neutron activation of the 7Li isotope and the subsequent short-lived 13 MeV beta decay of 8Li (T1/2=838 ms). The chemical and c
yield. 99Tc is leached out from pretreated samples using nitric acid，and Tc was reduced to Tc(IV) using potassium disulfite and co-precipit
kill and are time-consuming. In addition, they result in higher radiation exposure of personnel and radioactive chemical waste. Therefore a str
analysis systems. Low-count environments dominate the landscape of monitoring special nuclear material transport and lost-or-stolen sourc
℃

itanium knife and dried at 60 for 24 hours in electric oven and pulverlzed. The result of grain size analysis showed minimum value at 17 cm
precision, characterizes the clay paste the ancient potters prepared to form and fire their vessels. Up to now, about 800 samples of archaeolo
as been undertaken through the use of Neutron Activation Analysis and Compton suppression (to lower the detection limits for radionuclides

olution of the target in nitric acid, silver was separated from Cd by precipitation into metallic form using 20 g turning Cu for reduction of Ag+ io
cated at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). Target preparation consisted of three key steps: (1) material production; (2) se
ne in benzene. This method is capable of achieving higher purities (>99%) and separation yields than previously published multi-process me
ions and isotopic ratios. At GNS we have developed improved methods for radiometric detection of natural 32Si and, in collaboration with Au
ase of half-lives of radionuclides. A recent evaluation shows that, for the majority of the radionuclides, the spread of experimentally determine
sly determined from peak areas alone using a new kind of intensity balance calculation. It is based on the assumption that the 15N decay sch
-beam Mössbauer instrument has been constructed at the Budapest Research Reactor. During the on line operation a beam of guided cold
nk count and the contribution of the sample to the gross count are assumed to be Poisson distributed. The expected value of the blank coun
fuel, natural convection pool-type nuclear research reactor. Thorium-232 extracted by ion exchange from a sample is electrodeposited onto
incident the Fernald Site. Samples were sectioned into four year increments, and shipped to Washington State University where they underw
Park, NC for energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis and then delivered to the Washington State University Nuclear Radiation C
of the toenail as a biomonitor for Mn. A cross-sectional study was performed by selecting 126 samples from archived toenail specimens fro
n a field situation. The goal of this project is to develop an electrodeposition procedure and automated devices to assist in execution. Mobi
nded by an assembly of guard detectors, usually NaI(Tl). The HPGe and NaI(Tl) detectors are operated in anti-coincidence mode. The NaI
cles. Upon neutron absorption, certain isotopes undergo exoergic reactions that emit either a proton or alpha, and a recoil nucleus. Particle e
ndestructively. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory has employed DNAA for the analysis of hundreds of thousands of materials over the past
eters less than 0.1 mm. Surface nuclear explosions produce a bimodal distribution of radioactive aerosol particles. The first group of partic

d been a perfect example of this history. Almost half of the existing laboratory space at the Radiation Science and Engineering Center durin
orders. These efforts include deployments in the U.S. and in a number of other countries by governments and international organizations. Be
y-low-background detection systems. Here, Bayesian analysis using longer background counts, either with an estimated parametric distribut
X) product solutions at a fuel fabrication plant by isotope dilution gamma-ray spectrometry (IDGS) technique. The isotopic compositions are
hout its cycle. The high antineutrino flux and relatively low background rates means that simple cubic meter scale detectors at tens of meters
sed from the plants in future to the 14C concentration in aquatic samples, background level of 14C was measured for water, biota and sedim
itoring of processes around modern accelerators and medical radioisotope production. No systematical study has been performed earlier an
sitivity radio-analytical techniques allows study of uptake, distribution and speciation. Cross-sections of deuteron induced nuclear reactions o
d technologies to minimise and control emissions in the environmental compartments. -the recovery of the already compromised natural env
n pharmaceuticals, it is, however, indispensable to determine their kinetic stability in order to ensure their effectivity. In this study, the so calle
) collects environmental samples that are analyzed by organizations with radioanalytical capability. During the earliest phase of an incident, a
tion counting and thermal ionization mass spectrometry have intractable limitations on their precision and accuracy. Use of single collector IC
e stable markers in animal digestion studies has been previously demonstrated. The method has proven helpful in measuring rumen fill and
on products, measurement of activation products can be performed in a few seconds. Personal items exposed to significant levels of radiatio
ments that RPMs present to the flow of commerce, without affecting the detection sensitivity to sources of interest. Improving algorithm perfor
refore we are investigating different techniques to reduce the volume of the HTO waste solutions. One possibility is application of cryosublim
tockpile Stewardship program. Therefore a collaboration between Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratro

ratios can be used to refine data input into reactor models, particularly with respect to fine tuning the reactor spectrum. The ratio can be use
atories beginning from sample production or measurement; or performing spectrum analysis only. Multiple sample types are supported, inclu
anization (CTBTO) in June 2005. The aim of this spectrum set was to evaluate the performance of different gamma-ray spectrum analysis so
thod of comparing a sample count with a background value is not suitable for on-line count data, where it is necessary to detect small increa
register based electronics. The shift register data acquisition lacks a certain flexibility as the basic coincidence parameters (e.g. pre-delay, g
he radioisotopic impurity 210At. To check the procedure and to measure thick-target yields, irradiations of 209Bi targets were carried out at s
Because the soft error of high precision electronic devices could be induced by the alpha-emitting impurities in raw materials. A new NAA pro
nling pigs. The mechanism by which zinc at these pharmacological intakes accomplishes this function is unknown; however, one consequen
se specimens are typically collected from well-defined cohort populations participating in investigations assessing selenium intake and incide
source was on (HIGH gate) and off (LOW gate). Advances in digital gamma-ray spectrometers recently allowed the concurrent acquisition o
highly sensitive analyses for the materials is discussed in the context of both the materials themselves and trace elements that are exhibited
mportantly, gamma spectroscopy, current methods of chemical characterization still require direct sample manipulation. Prompt Gamma Acti
n be determined by a systematic study or even combinatorial methods, it is a challenge to selectively extract a particular cation from complex
to carry calibration radiation sources into the field environment. Energy calibration can usually be achieved for lightly shielded detectors via t
equire bulk radiopurity reaching one micro-Becquerel per kilogram or less. When such extreme material purity is achieved, surface contamin
MARK II TRIGA reactor. The course is designed to offer a small group of graduate students the chance to formally propose and complete an
the complexation and extraction equilibrium of uranium is not fully characterized. In this study, the extraction of U was performed from vario
tetravalent thorium, zirconium and cerium from a nitric acid matrix to 30% TBP in n-dodecane was investigated to evaluate the chemistry of
developed a new technique of trace element analysis based on neutron activation analysis with coincident gamma-ray detection. In order to
been applied in the past, and additional technologies are planned for future deployment. An in situ monitor, designed for deployment inside a
sible energy consumption. This is done by using a multiple bipolar electrolysis system. Depending on the initial volume of the sample and thu
found in these samples. Self absorption causes counting efficiency to decline to less than 10% when high amounts of solids are deposited; i
packages in a laboratory-wide multi-workstation environment. The server-based framework allows coordinated management of the softwar
more gamma ray detectors, the event composed of pair of two prompt gamma rays is collected and added to the two dimensional spectrum w
ncentration and standard deviation, often overlooked are the natural temporal and spatial concentration variations and the uncertainties intro
the analysis of 7Be from seawater. The scavenging efficiency of Fe(OH)3 for each sample is measured by ICP-MS using stable 9B as a yield
measurements is the dead time of the detection system. Dead time determinations on mass spectrometric system with ion counting detection
r, a method for age determination based on analysis of 241Pu/241Am and 240Pu/236Pu using ICP-SFMS is described. Separation of Pu and
h and counting times. In this paper a rapid method for determination of 89Sr and 90Sr in fresh milk in emergency preparedness is presented.
d Geiger-Müller detectors. Until 2002, pulses were time stamped and sorted using a TTL based logic interface (BNL) to discriminate coincid
ployed to collect airborne particulate material less than or equal to 2.5 micrometer aerodynamic diameter onto 90 mm diameter quartz-fiber fi
137 (nominally as high as 1E10 dpm/g) but low in Sr-90, some cases having 6 to 7 orders of magnitude more Cs-137 than Sr-90. The traditio
severe; analyses are accomplished using a 20 mg 252Cf neutron activation analysis facility. Many radiochemical analyses at the Savannah
FCP). According to the calculation results, the main radionuclides, forming the activity of FCPs 10-20 years after reactor shutdown, are 3H, 1

Structure Data File ENSDF/2, supplemented by the yields of X-rays of K- and L-series. In calculations the emission of cascade gammas, as
he summer of 2005 a process demonstration of the TALSPEAK process was conducted using spent fuel. This process utilized as a lanthanid
went fission). Computer codes that predict the time-dependent nuclide inventory in spent nuclear fuels, as needed for safety and licensing ev
om an aged source of Cf-249. The separation was effected by cation exchange, using 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanoic acid (a-hydroxy-isobuty
pecific requirement of ISO 17025:2005. However, the common useage of such charts is to simply use ‗2s warning limits‘ and ‗3s action limits
ented, and the specific case for simple parent-daughter systems is examined.This theoretical treatment will enable a better estimate of the un
National Measurement Accreditation Service (NAMAS). This paper details the reasoning behind that initial decision and, in particular, how th
ng fission products, activation products of reactor construction materials and fuel activation products. This has, over the years, grown to enco
n 1912. Much has changed since that time and NPL is now operated by SERCo Ltd on behalf of the Department of Trade and Industry. Sinc
and other water reservoirs. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) has been combined with solid phase extraction (SPE) and coprecipitation me

ure samples of actinides. One portion of each of these samples was used to measure disintegration rates (generally by liquid scintillation co
there will be a crisis in the training of nuclear scientists (chemists and physicists) with the great reduction in representation of this discipline
ainly to astroparticle and particle physics, housing neutrino, double beta, and dark matter experiments. The rock overburden of the undergrou
mon (235U, 238U, and 239Pu). For some closed-fuel-cycle reactor designs more than 50% of reactivity will, at some point, be derived from ―
rrow disciplinary definitions have contributed to this declining trend. To enhance the academic and research programs of nuclear and radioch
/CT modalities offering several advantages. The positron-emitting radionuclides that are used in PET imaging are produced in cyclotrons. Fo
aboratory, we have combined a lead shield around an HPGe coaxial detector and a Compton suppression system to lower the background a
died the stability, spectral quality, rate-handling, and ease of use. Results will be shown for several different digital systems compared to an a
eing put into active methods of detecting kilogram quantities of fissionables in situ, but the apparatus for neutron or photon probes and detec
ecade, thermal ionization mass spectrometric (TIMS) methods were just beginning to be applied for long-lived uranium-series nuclide measu
present as lumps. By definition lumps are small compared to the bulk matrix and so are not accounted for in the gross matrix correction yet c

thod with ordinary response function fitting to allow the simultaneous identification of all library isotopes that are present in an unknown samp
am Centre. The distributions of S, K, Cl, Ca, Fe and Zn were determined using the PIXE-T reconstruction package DISRA. The results were
of catalytic converters and tyres are normally much more elevated near motorways/roadsides. Collected air particulates (PM10 and PM2.5) i
K) for precisely determining the concentrations and isotope ratios of U and Pu isotopes at the ultra-trace level. This instrument is equipped w
alysis of relevant textbooks, journals, and IUPAC recommendations, published in the last decades, has been carried out by a Task Group of
practical amounts of material and exceedingly long sampling times. Other analytical tools such as Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS
re currently eight systems in various stages of manufacture, installation, and testing. General Dynamics has been involved with the installati
erstone in this effort. As the United States invests in the research, development, and deployment of radiological and nuclear countermeasure
m the detector and the components are independent of each other. We have developed an integrated solution that mounts on the back of the
tion (FAO) describes the milk sector as strategic for the reduction of the hunger in the world. However, the composition of milk is not absolut

biotechnological and pharmaceuticals products, polymers, etc. up to masses even over 1 M Daltons. High resolution can be reached and st
eams, 10 to 25 MV, neutrons are produced in the treatment head via photonuclear disintegration reactions of the photon with the materials o
ss of the specific solution or intervention. Hence, studies of essential elements in food and diets are fundamental to the improvement of hum
High energy photon beams from Medical Linear Accelerators (linacs) which are used in radiotherapy produce undesirable neutrons, beside
re selective for actinides have been explored and the governing factors have been identified. The extractant loaded thin films selectively con
e around the world suffer from iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Cases of IDD are not that uncommon in many countries of Africa and Asia
ctrometry. The samples were irradiated for 10 s in the inner pneumatic irradiation site (#2) at a neutron flux of 2.5x10e11 cm-2.s-1 at the Da
paration of non-ionic surfactant polyoxyethylene nonylether (PONPE-20) in aqueous solution after the formation of a complex with a mixture o
)>An(VI)>An(III)>An(V)) and complexation with carbonate (An(VI)>An(III)>An(V)>>An(IV)). A strategy for the separation of actinides (Th, U, N

e dominant Compton scattering interaction mechanism, full energy peaks are not observed in plastic scintillator spectra and isotopic identifica
prehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). While in the preparatory phase, pending entry into force of the Treaty, the certified stations are
his study, bioavailable (BA) fraction of trace elements in edible seaweeds were estimated by in vitro enzymolysis. The BA levels were calcula
we have now developed lectures based on radiochemistry processes. These include actinide chemistry, chemical reactions and stoichiometry
sured using a high resolution, low background spectrometer based on a HPGe EG&G Ortec detector (GEM 30185 type). The detector efficie
procedure of Pu from soil using different acids. We found a variation of 240Pu/239Pu ratios due to the difference of acid concentrations use
al samples such as soil and 129I /127I ratio was determined by AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry). The sample was heated in a quartz tu

e Zr, Nb, Ba, La, Ce, Nd using an Am -241 source, whereas Ti, Mn, Fe which are very often correlated with the above elements, using a Mo
label metabolically active compounds and are used for imaging a large number of physiological and metabolic processes. The future of PET
dvanced multielement techniques, chemical element concentrations in such compartments are easily assessed. When expressed in total qua
oric acid. The mini-reactor setup includes a hollow, cylindrical electrographite working-electrode (WE) receptacle fitted with an insulating PEE
waste received primarily from Rocky Flats Site in Colorado. One area in the SDA, called Pit 9, was used to dispose of 30 kg of transuranics a
form using charged particle induced reactions. The most widely used accelerator production method is presently based on the 103Rh(p,n) re
ed in the Fall of 2000 as a joint effort among the Westinghouse Savannah River Company, the Department of Energy, and Clemson Universi
stitute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and evaluated through the analysis of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) in previous studies

s‖ type approach for determining the unique nuclear, chemical, and physical ―fingerprints‖ or signatures needed to identify the manufacturing
ution. To determine what key signatures exist in nuclear materials processed by different methods, a series of depleted uranium oxides fired
urrence of dodder seeds in clover, and the early "counting" of solar neutrinos. These and far more recent examples share two issues in com
analysis by mass spectrometry and radiochemistry. The impurities were expected to be 239Pu and 237Np. A second fraction of the purified m
arch is supported by the Cu determination in liver biopsies using INAA. As the project deals with companion animals and not with test animal
e of the value reported after the +/- sign. The evaluation of uncertainty in measurement, as introduced by the GUM, is derived from the princip
the fission yield curves. Yields of isotopes of Ag, Cd, Sm, Eu, and Tb, for example, can differ by orders of magnitude between fuels. In addi
oactive materials by the coal, natural gas, minerals, ores, oil, fertilizer industries, etc. and also for studies on the biogeochemical behavior of u

detector technology uses a superconductor operated at the transition between its superconducting and its normal state as a sensitive therm
nds and are spiked at low levels (0-250 mBq/kg for alpha emitters) with common analytes of interest to the radiobioassay community. The g
ing 238Pu, 239Pu and 240Pu isotopes at the µBq level. Sample preparation and analytical results are presented and discussed.
ollision cells have been used for decades in fundamental studies of ion–molecule chemistry and have only recently been widely applied in ana
monitoring and control of Object ―Shelter‖. The methods of simultaneous determination of U, Pu, Am, and Cm from single sample of LRW o
m in ground water is required to estimate the influence on environment of Chernobyl NPP Object ―Shelter‖. Concentration of ground water sa

cies of the same radionuclide. In contrast to total dissolution or strong acid leach methods in which elemental speciation is lost, selective dis
ies, government agencies, and the private sector have collaborated on the development and testing of such methods for radiochemical anal
u to 3E12 for Fe. The detection limit (atoms cm-3) for Mo is 5E10. This experiment involved the analyses of a series of Si wafers that were im
evices. Tracking distinctive, measurable changes in organisms may result in relevant information at virtually any space-time scale, from char
ha spectroscopy of short-lived reaction products in the Pb/Bi region (b) radiochemical separation and identification of 230U produced in the ―i

s, probably due to contamination from various sources. A systematic study to monitor levels of bulk and trace elements in spices, curry, chilli
meat and eggs, and between 5% and 9% for rice and bean grains. Samples were then milled (Teflon™ balls and capsules), and stored at -20
ng developed for this purpose. A compact D,T neutron generator (>1 x 107 n/sec output) with an internal alpha particle detector is used. The
Total Diet Study (TDS). Iodine mass fractions (0.075 to 2.03 mg/kg) were measured in 19 of 42 foods analyzed. 3σ limits of detection (LODs)
ons and D-T with 14.2 MeV neutrons. To compare the performance of these two generators in our present PGNAA system, we performed M
s a function of the radiation dose absorbed by the material. This work complements previous studies by the authors of the thermoluminescen
ng process. Track geometry, defined by parameters such as major or minor diameters, track area and overall track length, is shown to correl
ogical samples (urines and faeces), to detect possible internal contamination levels of transuranic elements (239/240Pu 241Am). All the sa

ed in acidic aqueous solutions that were added to columns containing uncontaminated prairie soil and then were allowed 12 to 14 months for
al concentrations. Originally compiled from measurements of numerous standard reference materials, the list is being extended also by the c
Washington State University, and is the only research reactor in Washington State.
Cd-covered multi-monitor methods or on bare-irradiations methods. The recently developed and characterized synthetic multi-element stand
porated to dryness, and nitrates destroyed by HCl evaporations. Sulfur is reduced to H2S by reaction with a mixture of HCl/HI/H3PO2, and t
ated by research activities. Incineration is a standard industry approach to the disposal of hazardous waste, but public concerns about emiss

surements in environmental samples have been performed. The results will be shown and discussed. A new approach for the measurement
s of the NaI detectors to accurately extract the area of the 186-keV peak. Using the CZT detectors, which have much better resolution than th
mal nuclear reactor. The principal methods of production is either by direct neutron capture reaction 176Lu(n, )177Lu on enriched 176Lu tar
e small quantity of material (on the order of ?g) leaking from the hood. Quantitative measurement performed in the past does not reflect actu
r and the effects of such on INAA. Measurement of reactor neutron flux ratio (f) in irradiation channels of a miniature neutron source reactor
rs 317, a 17 stage electron multiplier tube. With time and use the characteristics of the multiplier degrade until it becomes useless. Unfortuna
T = 130 eVonm-1). The method is a selective radiochemical separation of At radionuclides from Bi target and 210Po impurities, based on dis
stigated element. Coupled with an efficient mass spectrometric detection of the ions, RIMS combines high element selectivity with low detect
ric counting. Investigating a series of stable isotopes produced during nuclear fission provides unique insight into understanding nuclear act
y inspection by IAEA inspectors at declared nuclear facilities thorough out the world. The US NWAL system includes Oak Ridge Nnational Ll
ater than 4000 meters-water-equivalent cosmic shielding and not be limited by materials backgrounds. An on-line hyphenated procedure, S

tative determination of gamma-ray emitting radionuclides and screening (qualitative determination) of alpha and beta particle emitting radion
total urban population. Literature reports suggest that Cr, Zn, Se, Mn, V, Rb and Cs are particularly correlated with diabetes mellitus. To exa
m to the active tissues of the injected plants. The root bioactivity was investigated in corn and sunflower as subjected to different fertilization a
m other alkaline earth elements is necessary for the precision measurement in both cases. The separation method of strontium using crown e
m possible neutron fluence in the sample (fluence rate * irradiation time). The k0-method is well suited for handling cases like these in a corr
because of its high selectivity and sensitivity for determination of a long-lived radionuclide in comparison with a radiological analysis. Howeve
oactive nuclear reprocessing waste has been applied to environmental soils with suspected exposure to process condensate waste streams.
m rate, due to legal shipments of sources and NORM, or medical isotopes in patients, caused interruptions and delays in commerce while the
ctor gamma-ray spectrometry for some time for improved stability and performance over their analog counterparts. Recent developments in
on HPGe detectors have been developed, both commercially and at laboratories, and are already in use for this purpose. Such systems are
oducts decay spectra using gamma-gamma coincidence and anti-coincidence Compton suppression techniques. The Nuclear Engineering T
tegy for efficient nuclear search, moving sensors close to the ground with miniature robots. Because the required size for a nuclear sensor is
n the measured scattering angle, the information about the material (that the muon passed through) can be extracted and the presence of sm

ers offers one means of analysis. Due to the complex nature of samples, chemical separations are necessary to reduce background contin
ore because of handheld system constraints. Both of these instruments will use a similar physical package and electronics. One instrumen
dine from chlorine and bromine by preferential oxidation of the iodide/iodine redox pair. This vastly facilitates subsequent separation efforts in
e of use and simplicity of design permit for an extremely sensitive yet economical TIMS filament loading technique. Electrodeposition param
e preparation, can be performed in minutes and permits the simultaneous collection of the whole spectrum. The mineral in bone plays import

in this area. The fission products technetium-99 and iodine-129 are of particular concern to risk assessment models due to their long half-liv
was Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis based on k0-method. All the samples were irradiated in Tajura Research Reactor under therm
each case, the low-levels of plutonium detected in the groundwater were overwhelmingly associated with the colloidal and not the dissolved
in the facility. For landfill cleanup activities soil gas sampling for xenon isotopes can be used to define the locations of spent fuel and transu
one method to control CO2 emissions is to sequester it in deep underground geological formations. From integrated assessment models the
rototype sized for 6Li and 7Li and the performance of the full scale prototype with 85Rb and 87Rb is compared with the predictions of a SIM
sition (or isotopics) of the material. Gamma-ray spectroscopy with high-resolution detectors is a well-developed NDA technique for isotopics.
ayer (CdTe in this study) was removed from the glass carrier using different methods, e.g. sandblasting, and separated subsequently from th
in a monitoring project. The results for the content of uranium (determined via 234mPa and ICP-MS), 226Ra (via 214Pb and direct measure
dard reference materials such as soil, sediment, and vegetation. However, a problem arose when the blank for shellfish analysis, a sample c
ore specific analyses for uranium and radium concentrations in that water. In a second case, occurring in a different area of the state, elevat
begun. The transit time between shipping and the initiation of analysis allow many complex and irreversible reactions to transpire. In order t
measurement traceability links to NIST) be less than three times the combined standard uncertainty of that from the laboratory and the refere
s defined as a standard of radioactivity which is homogeneously contained in a matrix in the same chemical forms that are found in the envir
y based on the measuring equipment of the human body. This implies that there is a need for a large number of human body standards (pha
disorders, including presumably Parkinsonism. Both mutants show two disparate spatio-temporal patterns of neuronal loss in the cerebellum
37Np and its daughter 233Pa were not directly visible from this mixture. Short-lived, gamma-emitting 239Np (t1/2 = 2.356 d) was used as the

igh-resolution HPGe spectra from aerosol monitors. Spectral deconvolution spectroscopy is an analysis method that utilizes the entire signa

rst isotopes that were discovered for elements 107 through 112 had half-lives of only milliseconds. Consequently, studies of their chemical p
e been tested. These include self assembled molecular monolayers (SAMMs), extraction and cation-exchange chromatography, and solven
the most effective way of increasing the sensitivity of a gamma-ray spectrometer is to increase counting efficiency and the amount of sample
ectors used for sensitive measurements may have to be replaced long before their useful life has been reached. This problem was address
task challenging. Specifically, because only scattered radiation reaches the RPM, and the distances involved are on the order of 100 feet, o
er the mineralization of bone. As in other monogenic disorders, it has been well recognized that the same OI mutation can exhibit significant

2 s being rather close to that of 30P (T1/2=149,9s). This makes gamma-spectrometric decay curve analysis unreliable. The way out of this ―s
t speed reserves to allow among others for combined multi-spectra, multi-channel and multi-scaling analysis including the calculation of indiv
t the Cs-137 composition in the matrix can be quantified along the radial profile of a fuel segment. Using micro-columnation and shielding, a
mplicated by time-correlated gamma rays and scattered neutrons from the fission sample. Three barium fluoride detectors were placed near
ometry. In the present paper we discuss characteristics of various coincidence-anticoincidence (HPGe-NaI(Tl)) arrangements suitable for ana
thyl-Hg (MeHg) selectively binds Se, limiting its bioavailability and inhibiting its enzymatic functions. This mechanism appears likely to disrup
ocated on the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site near Aiken, South Carolina. The contaminated and uncontaminated soils fro
eir chemical speciation. Ideally, such chemical alterations (e.g., reduction or precipitation) will convert toxic and mobile species to nontoxic an

, radiochemical separation techniques, alpha spectroscopy and thermal ionization mass spectrometry measurement techniques as well as c
pplies high voltage to the detectors and contains a rapid sampling system for transferring the detector count rates through an interface to the
port of uranium as a deterrent to undeclared nuclear proliferation or nuclear terrorism. The detection of uranium in a variety of chemical forms
Pu-236 tracer, samples for Alpha Spectrometry were prepared by microprecipitation with NdF3 using cellulose nitrate membrane filters. The

late mass and up to 24 elements by INAA and PIXE. The analysis of APM levels in the fine and coarse fraction and the study of the atmosph
) and its partners. LINSSI supports multiple measurements and analyses of the same sample, mobile applications, and above all, transfer o
133mXe, and 135Xe signals. A MatLab code was written to incorporate the MCNPX results in the calculation of coincidence spectra. The c
ussed and compared to traditional gravity fed separations for TIMS analysis. Factors for comparison will include cost of materials, time of se
d-148. This wet chemistry method is time consuming and has very low through-put of samples, among other disadvantages. The use of ICP
0/Ni-60) via a gas pressurized extraction chromatography system prior to analysis will be discussed. The results of an investigation into using
nes, Greece) offered some insight in this respect. This island is mostly composed of karstified limestone and therefore not of volcanic origin b
om other climatically active events. Recent findings of differing Ba-contents in soil and the unexpected mobility of Ba during volcanic eruption
ses the nuclear market and the present situation of nuclear education in several countries, including Mexico and the US, as well as the collec
m. In order to achieve the comprehensive oceanographic use of 137Cs as a tracer, more sensitive and convenient techniques of 137Cs mea
ked in Teflon bags or vials. Quartz vials are also used for the irradiation of liquid samples. In these cases the elemental components of the tr
ments. Among the isotopes used were a wide variety of high specific activity - Alpha emitters such as 241Am, 243Cm, 252Cf, 233U, 238,23
River National Laboratory. The overall goal of the program is to assist the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) in increasing the pool of radioc
tise developed in the early days of nuclear programs, which is occurring at the same time that radiochemistry graduation rates are declining
resulting in consequences like urinary tract infections. This disease can be treated with medicinal herbs which are widespread in Algeria. In
an become associated with Natural Organic Matter (NOM). This research explores the use of NOM (sphagnum peat) to sequester iodine fro
on leading to either reduction of IOH or I2. This intermediate is subsequently incorporated into the organic matter. Using model compounds
rational neutron depth profiling (NDP) facility and has worked to improve the facility with the assistance of technology and experience shared

ition metals. Ferrocyanides are relatively easy to prepare and generally provide high selectivity for separation of cesium in the presence of a
counted by an array of three NaI(Tl) detectors. To reduce the direct radiation from the NG from reaching the detection system, a shadow sh
ributed to the defined mesh cells utilizing an efficient algorithm. As a result, the mesh tally allows for the calculation of large matrices with gr
e events. Models utilizing the MCNP code have been developed to study the time and energy variations of the neutrons in the soil matrix. T
dioactive materials derived from the 232Th and 238U radionuclides. One of the daughter products is 222Rn and it is known to be one of the
alkali and thermal treatment. Due to higher pHZPC, HFO, unlike acid activated carbon, exposes positively charged sites suitable for removin
alkali and thermal treatment. Due to higher pHZPC, HFO, unlike acid activated carbon, exposes positively charged sites suitable for removin

ranium-lead system is predominantly dependent on this single experiment. In this work, we supply some additional experimental information
The principal objective of such intercomparisons is to give the opportunity to individual laboratories for checking their procedures of measure
ce element determinations there is also considerable controversy of using hair to evaluate nutritional status and clinical symptoms. In the pre
wever, tooth tissues were separately and enamel and dentine were analyzed individually. Tooth samples of a group of 10 children and 10 adu
838 ms). The chemical and corrosive properties of 7Li liquid metal coolant generally mandate the use of refractory alloy container metals and
sium disulfite and co-precipitate using iron(II) hydroxide to concentrate 99Tc from the leached solution. 99Tc is separated and purified with a
emical waste. Therefore a strong incentive exists to explore the boundaries of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and to define p
sport and lost-or-stolen source search scenarios. In roadway monitoring, for example, the measurement time is not a free parameter but is ti
owed minimum value at 17 cm depth and this was occurred maybe minimum dry rainfall at 1969. The radionuclides Cs-137, Np-237, Pu-239
out 800 samples of archaeological ceramics from different production sites in Western Asia Minor and the neighbouring East Greek islands (
ection limits for radionuclides characteristic of mainly single gamma-ray emissions) to discover possible pollutant sources. The goal of this pr

ng Cu for reduction of Ag+ ions. In the second stage, 109Cd in the filtrate, that contained trace amount of silver and substantial amount of C
1) material production; (2) separation and purification; and (3) electrodeposition onto a suitable backing material. Approximately 2 mg of the
y published multi-process methods that stabilize and separate the reduced Eu(II) as a sulphate solid and is ideal for enriching materials of hi
i and, in collaboration with Australian National University, have succeeded in measuring natural 32Si by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS
d of experimentally determined half-life values is larger than expected from the claimed accuracies. Lack of reliable data leads to recommend
mption that the 15N decay scheme is complete. From the internal consistency of the resulting intensities and the derived efficiency function, it
ation a beam of guided cold neutrons produce the Mössbauer transitions continuously. The neutron flux is measured to be about 109 n×cm-
ected value of the blank count is assumed to be known. This paper extends the previous work for decision levels to detection limits for lower
mple is electrodeposited onto 5/8‖ diameter vanadium planchets, which are arranged in a stack and irradiated in the dry tube central irradiatio
University where they underwent neutron activation analysis. Consecutive counts were made of uranium decay products via gamma-ray spe
University Nuclear Radiation Center for neutron activation analysis (NAA). There were 28 elements of interest for the NAA portion of the proje
chived toenail specimens from self-identified consumers of the One SourceTM multivitamin and matched controls. One Source was chosen
to assist in execution. Mobile labs would be able to use these techniques to obtain preliminary results in the event of a radiological incident
coincidence mode. The NaI(Tl) guard detector detects the photons that Compton scatter within, and subsequently escape from, the HPGe d
nd a recoil nucleus. Particle emission is monoenergetic and isotropic, which simplifies the analysis of reaction kinematics. Emitted particles r
nds of materials over the past thirty years. The need for a fast, accurate screening of materials stems from the necessity to protect cleanroom
cles. The first group of particles in a surface explosion is produced by spontaneous nucleation and is very similar in distribution to that of the

and Engineering Center during the 1960-80‘s was dedicated to radiochemistry teaching and research laboratories. However, the interest in r
nternational organizations. Because of their high efficiency for gamma-ray detection, most deployed RPM systems are based on plastic scint
stimated parametric distribution of background or with empirical distribution estimates obtained by bootstrapping, is combined with a binomia
he isotopic compositions are determined by high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy. To measure the plutonium concentration, the unknown
e detectors at tens of meters standoff can record hundreds or thousands of antineutrino events per day. To access information about plutoni
ed for water, biota and sediment samples from 2002 to 2004. Mean (±SD) of 14C concentrations in lake water samples was 98±5 PMC and
as been performed earlier and in addition the published data (except for a few well measured monitor and medically important reactions) sho
induced nuclear reactions on lead were measured up to 40 MeV using the standard stacked foil irradiation technique and high resolution ga
ady compromised natural environments. The aquatic systems represent the ultimate sink of all wastes dispersed in fresh waters and in the
vity. In this study, the so called Free-ion selective radiotracer extraction (FISRE) technique was used in order to analyze the dissociation/ass
arliest phase of an incident, analytical data will be urgently needed as a basis for protective actions. The resources dedicated to quality assu
acy. Use of single collector ICPMS showed great promise for improvement. We present our results using a new generation of multicollector
ul in measuring rumen fill and flow kenetics and particle breakdown rates for various forages in cattle and has also been applied to studies of
to significant levels of radiation should allow neutron dose assessment via the activation products. This approach allows prompt collection of
st. Improving algorithm performance is a particularly challenging task, given that laboratory "testing" with actual vehicles, cargo and sources i
y is application of cryosublimation: sublimation of frozen HTO solutions below equilibrium vapour pressure eliminates the possibility of isotop
Livermore National Laboratroy, and CEA at Bruyères le Châtel and Valduc has developed to measure the 235U(n,n')235mU cross-section.

ectrum. The ratio can be used to help model fast to thermal ratios. Erbium isotopes were quantified in an irradiated fuel element from a Tex
ple types are supported, including mobile sampling and measurement. In addition each sample can be split or combined any number of time
ma-ray spectrum analysis software packages used by the organization itself and by the National Data Centres of member countries. This pa
essary to detect small increasing trends in the count rate time series data. The control chart methods investigated are the 3-sigma chart, cu
parameters (e.g. pre-delay, gate width, and long delay) must be fixed prior to the start of the measurement and the values may potentially, th
targets were carried out at several a energies. The target thickness chosen was large enough to ascertain absorption of all particles with en
aw materials. A new NAA procedure has been established using the HTS(hydraulic transfer system) irradiation facility which has been used
wn; however, one consequence is clear-the concentration of Zn in the agricultural environment at undesirable levels. Hypothetically, organic
g selenium intake and incidence of chronic disease endpoints. These epidemiological investigations, whether observational (case-control) o
d the concurrent acquisition of data by binning events in two separate spectra based on gate status. It was quickly realized that, for accurate
e elements that are exhibited in the parent solid matrices. Elemental analyses for a wide array of elements in the Periodic Table such as the
ulation. Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) provides a 'single-shot,' in-situ, non-destructive method that provides a complete assay
articular cation from complex mixtures, for example the debris after a radioactive dispersal device. We were interested in the selective extra
ghtly shielded detectors via the naturally occurring background isotopes of 40K, and 238U and 232Th and their respective daughter product
s achieved, surface contamination, particularly solid daughters in the natural radon decay chains, can become the limiting background from t
lly propose and complete an engineering project during the semester. The project for the course was to design a fast neutron beam for fast n
U was performed from various initial concentrations of HNO3, lithium or sodium nitrate, and AHA. The results showed that, due to uranyl-AH
to evaluate the chemistry of tetravalent metals with AHA. Distribution ratios of metals were measured in the presence of different initial conc
ma-ray detection. In order to improve the low efficiency of coincident gamma-ray detection, an array of 16 Ge detectors with BGO Compton
igned for deployment inside a monitoring well, provides near-real-time determination of the 90Sr concentration in ground water. The measur
olume of the sample and thus the resulting volume reduction factor, enrichment factors of about 6 to 7 are normally reached. To minimize th
unts of solids are deposited; inhomogenous distribution of the solids on the support leads to low precision of the obtained gross alpha activity
d management of the software packages themselves as well as analysis parameter sets and analysis results either in a file system-based da
two dimensional spectrum which sets two axes as the energy value for every events. We applied the multiple gamma ray detection method
ns and the uncertainties introduced by different sample collection techniques. Because background concentrations are not constant, lower c
MS using stable 9B as a yield monitor. Samples are gamma counted in a large diameter(28mm) well detector. The high purity germanium w
m with ion counting detection can either be done using ratio measurement or via electronic measurement on individual components. Depend
scribed. Separation of Pu and Am was done using solid phase extraction procedure including UTEVA, TEVA, TRU and Ln-resin. The proced
y preparedness is presented. The method is based on microwave digestion of the milk, chemical separation of Sr, ingrowth and separation o
(BNL) to discriminate coincidence, anticoincidence, guard and pulser events; to digitize the pulse height and rise time; to monitor specific cha
0 mm diameter quartz-fiber filters. Weekly samples were collected from a clean air sector upwind from the campsite. Organic and elementa
s-137 than Sr-90. The traditional method our laboratory used for analyzing Sr-90 in similar matrices was a solid phase extraction method ba
al analyses at the Savannah River National Laboratory are made on various waste forms for the purpose of characterizing the radionuclide d
r reactor shutdown, are 3H, 14C, 36Cl, 39Ar, 41Ca, 55Fe, 60Co, 59Ni, 63Ni, 93Zr, 93mNb, 94Nb; all are due to the activation of either matrix

sion of cascade gammas, as well as g-X, g-g511 and X-X coincidences are appropriately taken into account. A set of measurement geomet
rocess utilized as a lanthanides extractant HDEHP in Dodecane. The pH was controlled using DTPA/Lactate buffer. The demonstration was
ed for safety and licensing evaluations, have been validated for burnup levels up to about 40 GWd/MTU. Experimental isotope-assay data fo
anoic acid (a-hydroxy-isobutyric acid or a-HIBA) at controlled pH, Cf-249 being eluted before the Cm-245 daughter. The purity of the Cm-245
ng limits‘ and ‗3s action limits‘ to monitor the on-going control of measurements with little or no trend analysis. The use of trend analysis rules
ble a better estimate of the uncertainties associated with the ingrowth of a daughter radionuclide formed from the decay of a radioactive pare
sion and, in particular, how this impinged on the day-to-day activities of the NPL's Radioactivity Metrology Group (RMG). In the intervening d
over the years, grown to encompass a number of actinoid radionuclides and this has included Am-241. Americium-241 is of environmental co
t of Trade and Industry. Since the last MARC meeting, there have been a number of significant developments at NPL, one of which was to fi
(SPE) and coprecipitation methods to achieve speciation analysis of two important inorganic arsenic species, namely As(III), As(V). Arsenic(

erally by liquid scintillation counting), and the remainder was used to obtain count rates of specific gamma rays in a well-characterized HPGe
presentation of this discipline on Chemistry and Physics faculties in the United States. The Nuclear Chemistry Summer School has been inst
overburden of the underground laboratories is on the average 1400 m, corresponding to an equivalent overburden of water of about 3800 m
some point, be derived from ―minor‖ actinides that currently have poorly known (n,g) and (n,f) cross sections. A program of measurements u
grams of nuclear and radiochemistry and enrich their disciplinary contents, the MIT Nuclear Reactor Laboratory has embarked on strengthen
re produced in cyclotrons. For positron emitters in the gaseous phase, the total activity released during the production of the positron emitter
m to lower the background activity. This detector has a relative efficiency of 25% and a resolution of 2.0 keV at the 1332-keV photopeak of
tal systems compared to an analog spectrometer.
or photon probes and detectors is bulky, expensive, and requires radiation protection measures. A complementary forensic method involve
ranium-series nuclide measurement, with considerable advances in measurement speed, precision, and sensitivity over decay-counting meth
gross matrix correction yet can excert a significant influence on the assay result. Compared to a calibration using dilute standards, self atten

present in an unknown sample, with accurate correction for attenuation loss and spectrum distortion caused by the container or other interve
age DISRA. The results were compared with conventional PIXE analysis of tomographic data as determined using Dan32. The overall conce
ticulates (PM10 and PM2.5) in the Cardiff region were analysed using INAA, ICIS, to explore the particulate exposure levels to residents with
his instrument is equipped with the S-option, which allows increasing the sensitivity. Comparing measurements (sensitivity, background, acc
rried out by a Task Group of IUPAC Analytical Chemistry Division. It was found that several terms and definitions should be clarified or modif
on Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) or Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP/MS) lack adequate detection limits or dynamic range
en involved with the installation or certification of all these systems as well as being directly responsible for the operation and maintenance o
and nuclear countermeasures, it is critical to accurately calculate their value. The value of a technology depends on two coupled componen
at mounts on the back of the photo-multiplier and includes an embedded HVPS and a fully digital MCA. The MCA supports pulse capture a
position of milk is not absolute, many factors may affect the quality of the final product. The objective of this work was the determination of to

olution can be reached and structural analysis is also possible applying Post Source Decay (PSD). However, MALDI can also be used with ad
e photon with the materials of the components of the linac head. Recent works suggest the possibility of utilising the photoneutrons from the
al to the improvement of human welfare and resistance to disease. Particularly in developing countries the intake of essential as well as toxic
undesirable neutrons, beside the clinically useful electron and photon beams. Neutrons are produced from the photonuclear reactions (γ, n) o
aded thin films selectively concentrate actinide ions of interest into a thin layer on the surface, thus enabling direct and rapid assay of extract
y countries of Africa and Asia while in North American and European countries the average daily dietary intake of iodine can be up to 6 times
2.5x10e11 cm-2.s-1 at the Dalhousie University SLOWPOKE-2 reactor (DUSR) facility. The samples were then manually transferred to a Co
of a complex with a mixture of two chelating agents, namely, 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) and 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol (TAN). Th
paration of actinides (Th, U, Np, Pu and Am) based on their differences in redox states and complexing properties is outlined in this paper.M

spectra and isotopic identification is impossible. Typically plastic scintillator detectors are solely gross count detectors. In some safeguards a
eaty, the certified stations are provisionally operated and so far an experience of over 100 station year has been accumulated for particulate
s. The BA levels were calculated from the total, water soluble dietary fiber (WSDF), and non-soluble dietary fiber (NSDF) element levels. Th
al reactions and stoichiometry, solubility, phase portioning and adsorption. A detailed account of the lectures and laboratories associated with
85 type). The detector efficiency calibration was performed using the GESPECOR software [1]. This program, based on Monte Carlo simula
ce of acid concentrations used for the extractions. A microwave oven was also applied for the sample digestion with a mixture of nitric, fluoric
ple was heated in a quartz tube and the evaporated iodine was collected in a trap solution containing TMAH (tetramethyl ammonium hydrox

above elements, using a Mo tube. The analysis of complex spectra was performed by the AXIL software, and the quantitative analysis, by th
processes. The future of PET instrumentation relies on semiconductor detectors. Progress in research and development of semiconductor m
When expressed in total quantity terms (kg/ha for example), the numbers become quite outstanding. However, there is no consensus about
e fitted with an insulating PEEK bottom disk and with a PMMA cylindrical top-piece that increases the volume of the system. A cylindrical gra
ose of 30 kg of transuranics as mixed waste (4100 m3 total volume of waste). Rocky Flats was a site for actinide separations to produce we
y based on the 103Rh(p,n) reaction, followed by difficult chemical separation from the expensive target material. For alternative production m
nergy, and Clemson University. The Department of Energy continues to provide funds for student and post-doctoral support through the Rad
ls (SRMs) in previous studies. The results of numerous cattail samples using the CNPGNAA method show favorable comparison to results o

to identify the manufacturing process, intended use, and origin of interdicted nuclear material. In this study, an analysis flow path was develo
depleted uranium oxides fired at various temperatures have been analyzed. Differences that are evident range from physical appearance to
mples share two issues in common: the need to meet an often predetermined detection capability, and the general applicability of Poisson cou
econd fraction of the purified material was used for electroplating of three samples onto titanium disks that were suitable for insertion into an
mals and not with test animals, cooperation of the dog owners is crucial. Such cooperation can easier be obtained if the owner feels comforta
UM, is derived from the principles applied in physical measurements. Many testing laboratories have already experienced large problems in a
nitude between fuels. In addition to low fission yield, analysis for these isotopes is further complicated by short half-lives and/or low branching
biogeochemical behavior of uranium in the environment, in archeology or astronomy for dating purposes, but also for the determination of sa

mal state as a sensitive thermometer, and infers the photon or particle energy from the temperature rise upon absorption. These so-called tra
bioassay community. The goal of the program is to evaluate the entire analytical system of a participating laboratory by incorporating natura
ed and discussed.
tly been widely applied in analytical mass spectrometry. Such cells are used to promote reactive and non-reactive collisions, with resultant b
from single sample of LRW of Object ―Shelter‖ are presented. Concentration of LRW samples is carried out by evaporation. Uranium, pluton
centration of ground water samples is carried out by evaporation. Determination of activity of isotopes of uranium, plutonium, americium, and

peciation is lost, selective dissolutions target radionuclides associated with specific soil constituents, for example ion-exchange sites or orga
thods for radiochemical analysis in response to inquiries by various emergency response organizations. This presentation provides an upda
eries of Si wafers that were implanted with varying amounts of Mo-98. The objectives were to verify the accuracy and precision of our analyt
y space-time scale, from characteristics of the biosphere at large to specific aspects at the habitat level. This is the comprehensive scope tho
on of 230U produced in the ―inverse fission‖ of U, i.e., the 100Mo + 132Sn reaction and (c) the isolation and characterization of Ge and As ev

ements in spices, curry, chilli and turmeric powders consumed in Sri Lanka was accomplished. Determination of concentration was simplifie
d capsules), and stored at -20ºC until put through k0-standardised instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for determination of minor
particle detector is used. The counting system consists of 6 shielded bismuth germanate (BGO) detectors (10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm) operated
3σ limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.03 to 1.4 mg iodine/kg for foods containing 70 mg/kg to 3.6% sodium chloride, representing imp
NAA system, we performed Monte Carlo simulations (MCNP-4B2; Los Alamos National Laboratory) evaluating the nitrogen reactions produce
hors of the thermoluminescence (TL) response by SiO2 commercial optical fiber exposed to ionizing radiation and provides preliminary resu
ack length, is shown to correlate with alpha-particle energy over the range 5.49 MeV (222Rn) to 7.69 MeV (214Po). Track features are meas
39/240Pu 241Am). All the samples of urines and faeces, collected in the monitoring period, were mineralised and plutonium was separated a

e allowed 12 to 14 months for contaminant transport. Soil samples were analyzed using gamma-ray spectroscopy, neutron activation analysi
being extended also by the calculation of saturation activities from k0 and Q0 factors, taking into account f and values of our irradiation pos

synthetic multi-element standard (SMELS) was designed as a validation tool of the proper implementation of the k0-NAA method in a laborat
xture of HCl/HI/H3PO2, and the H2S collected in a dilute solution of NaOH. 3 mL of this solution are mixed with scintillation cocktail for mea
public concerns about emissions often preclude its use. An alternative method for the destruction of CWA may be the application of ionizing

pproach for the measurements of nuclides heavier than 100amu have been undertaken. Until now this mass range was only accessibly by se
much better resolution than the NaI detectors, temporarily solved this interference problem. However, the CZT detectors have a set back tha
177Lu on enriched 176Lu target, or by neutron capture reaction on enriched 176Yb target, followed by negatron decay. While the first metho
the past does not reflect actually working conditions, but instead tends to conservatively bias the measurement by placing the sampler inside
ature neutron source reactor was carried out using two independent nuclear data sources to demonstrate the dependences of the accuracy o
becomes useless. Unfortunately this or equivalent detectors are no longer available.We propose a mechanism for this degradation and sug
10Po impurities, based on dissolution of irradiated target with HNO3, dilution with HCl, extraction with DIPE with a radiochemical yield larger
ent selectivity with low detection limits and the possibility for isotopic composition measurements. This technique has been successfully appl
to understanding nuclear activities. Our current focus is on analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) of a series
udes Oak Ridge Nnational Llaboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and Los Alamos Na
ne hyphenated procedure, SE-ICP/MS (Solvent Extraction-Inductively Coupled Plasma / Mass Spectrometry) has been developed to allow u

d beta particle emitting radionuclides, either in house or in alternate or temporary laboratories. Standard operating procedures (SOPs), includ
with diabetes mellitus. To examine the possible role of these elements on curative properties as a first step, we have analyzed 15 plant part
ected to different fertilization and irrigation treatments. The pattern of root bioactivity varied with crop, time and treatment applied. The techniq
od of strontium using crown ether is well known. However, crown ether is expensive. We proposed new separation method using the tertiary
ling cases like these in a correct way on the condition that variations of the neutron fluence rate are known over the irradiation period, even i
adiological analysis. However, careful purification of 99Tc is essential for its accurate determination since some elements, such as Mo and R
s condensate waste streams. The environmental source, sample preparation, elemental separation, measurement results, and detection lim
delays in commerce while the legality of the shipment was verified. To overcome this difficulty, DHS supported the writing of the ANSI N42.38
rts. Recent developments in HPGe detector construction and new liquid nitrogen-free cooling methods have resulted in HPGe detectors whic
purpose. Such systems are used to perform in-situ measurements in both structures and in the open air. Their use is somewhat complicate
s. The Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory at the University of Texas has recently built a new Compton suppression system upon whic
ed size for a nuclear sensor is proportional to the 4th power of source distance our sensors can be small, and therefore cheap, simple and re
acted and the presence of small-scale high-Z objects can be identified. Additional hints on the structure of radiographed object can be gaine

to reduce background continuum levels and instances of spectral interference. A project has been initiated at Pacific Northwest National Lab
d electronics. One instrument will use NaI(Tl) as the detector material, while the other will use a LaBr3(Ce) scintillator. We plan on using fuz
bsequent separation efforts in that the iodide is oxidized to the elemental chemical state while the remaining halides are left in the reduced fo
ue. Electrodeposition parameters were varied in order to maximize deposition efficiency. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Sec
mineral in bone plays important roles in the dynamic equilibrium between the intake elements and their availability locally and systematically

odels due to their long half-lives and high mobility as aqueous anionic species. To better understand how the 99Tc and 129I radiological sou
esearch Reactor under thermal flux ~ 1013 n/cm2 s for 8 hours. The levels and distribution of the elements in the samples investigated are a
lloidal and not the dissolved fraction of the groundwater. The colloidal fractions consisted of secondary minerals such as clays and zeolites.
tions of spent fuel and transuranic wastes. Short-lived radioxenon isotopes are continuously produced by spontaneous fission of plutonium-2
ated assessment models the overall leakage rates from these storage locations must be less than 0.1% of stored volume per year for long-t
with the predictions of a SIMION ion optical model. The ion optical model is shown to accurately predict the measured mass dispersion, ma
NDA technique for isotopics. The use of cryogenically cooled intrinsic germanium detectors for isotopics measurements of in situ material is
eparated subsequently from the blast material (e.g. corundum) and other components using stepwise different separation techniques. The se
a 214Pb and direct measurement), 210Pb, 232Th (ICP-MS), 228Ra (via 228Ac), 212Pb, 227Th and 40K in the raw phosphates and fertilizer
shellfish analysis, a sample containing nothing but tracer solution, began to show Pu activity indicating contamination. It is essential that the
erent area of the state, elevated levels of radioactivity in the water supply system were likewise observed by gross activity screening. In both
ctions to transpire. In order to destroy the resulting matrix, the sample is treated aggressively with harsh chemicals in a time-consuming proc
the laboratory and the reference laboratory. This effort will provide the users of the PT exercises with a quantitative link between measurem
ms that are found in the environment. The SRM is intended for use in tests of measurements of environmental radioactivity contained in mat
f human body standards (phantoms) to meet the quality criteria of the measurement. The purpose of this project was to find a reliable way to
euronal loss in the cerebellum that is never seen in the wild-type mice that served as controls. Elevated zinc and copper concentration, obser
2 = 2.356 d) was used as the yield monitor after ―milking‖ it from ca. 22 kBq of 243Am. Weighed aliquots of the freshly separated and purified

d that utilizes the entire signal deposited in a gamma-ray detector rather than the small portion of the signal that is present in one gamma-ray

ly, studies of their chemical properties awaited discovery and availability of isotopes with half-lives long enough for chemical separations and
chromatography, and solvent extraction. The use of tracers for quantification of chemical yield by neutron deficient radioisotopes and/or iso
ncy and the amount of sample, very often the only possible way is to decrease the detector‘s background. The typical background componen
d. This problem was addressed in 1970 by Claude Sill and Dale Olson, Analytical Chemistry 42, 1596-1607 (1970). Their approach used a
re on the order of 100 feet, only a very few of the primary photons emitted from the source will be scattered and transported to the gamma-r
utation can exhibit significant differences in phenotype severity. The variation in disease severity suggests a role for genetic modifiers. Long

eliable. The way out of this ―selectivity trap‖ is the direct beta measurement of the positrons. 30P offers a maximum beta energy of 3.24 MeV
cluding the calculation of individual loss-correcting weighting factors for all events up to input counting rates of up to 106 c/s. Counting loss c
-columnation and shielding, a 3/8" diameter fuel segment is scanned in ten increments of 0.0375" each. This measurement and its propaga
e detectors were placed near the sample undergoing induced fission and used to identify fission gamma rays. A coincidence of fission gamm
arrangements suitable for analysis of environmental samples containing cascade gamma-emitters (e.g. Co-60), positron emitters (e.g. Na-22
anism appears likely to disrupt the deposition of Se in nails. Weanling male Long Evans rats were fed torula yeast based diets containing 8, 8
and uncontaminated soils from the study site were used in the greenhouse study. Thorium concentrations in both studied soils were high, 2
mobile species to nontoxic and immobile species. The use of sequestering agents for transformation of radionuclides in low concentrations

ment techniques as well as cleanroom technology. All of these advances have produced incremental improvements in plutonium detection lim
es through an interface to the PDA. The imbedded firmware can be changed for various applications using a programmable memory card. As
in a variety of chemical forms and isotopic enrichments present some unique challenges and opportunities in the maritime environment. This
nitrate membrane filters. The Pu-236 tracer was used to determine the absolute specific activity. The activity ratio Pu-238/(Pu-239+Pu-240) w

and the study of the atmospheric dynamics by back-trajectories show that most of the PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 peaks events were associated w
ons, and above all, transfer of the observations from one database to another. For emergency response, STUK has developed a vehicle SON
f coincidence spectra. The computed spectra are being utilized to aid in the development of the Spectral Deconvolution Analysis Tool (SDAT
e cost of materials, time of separations, recoveries of separations, among other experimental considerations. In addition to the analytical figu
sadvantages. The use of ICP-MS allows for the determination of a wide variety of fission products accurately and precisely. For example, th
of an investigation into using a second parent/daughter relationship (Ni-63/Cu-63) and its difficulties will be presented. Lastly, details of the
refore not of volcanic origin but neighbored to several volcanoes of the south-eastern Aegean Sea (Kos, Nisyros, and Giali). Sampling the fin
of Ba during volcanic eruptions strongly suggest that tephra changes the concentrations of trace elements in the topsoil. To better understand
d the US, as well as the collective efforts promoted by the IAEA and other organisations. Some conclusions are obtained about the present s
ent techniques of 137Cs measurements have been required. As a result of improvement of the 137Cs adsorption technique from seawater u
emental components of the transparent packing material can easily be accounted for, similarly to those of any inhomogeneous samples. Sinc
43Cm, 252Cf, 233U, 238,239Pu. Other research included studies with 247Bk, 252Es, 242mAm, 166Er, 166mHo, 242Pu, and 178Hf. Follow
n increasing the pool of radiochemists that are U. S. citizens and to augment the nation's security by developing an educational and research
aduation rates are declining rapidly. To address this concern, the DOE initiated REAP-I which, through a competitive process, funded three
are widespread in Algeria. In this study work was undertaken to analyze elemental composition in nine medicinal plants: Androgena citratus
peat) to sequester iodine from the vapor and aqueous phases. NOM-associated iodine may be stable for geological storage. NOM-seques
er. Using model compounds, we have inferred that iodine reacts with peat by aromatic substitution of hydrogen on phenolic constituents of t
ology and experience shared from the NIST NDP facility. The NDP technique utilizes neutron absorption reactions with light-element dopant

f cesium in the presence of alkaline and alkali metals. This paper describes a method for preparing a zirconium ferrocyanide (ZrFeCN) base
etection system, a shadow shielding is introduced between them. However, the common materials used for thermalizing and capturing fast n
ation of large matrices with greatly reduced computer runtimes. In the lattice flux tally in MCNP, the flux is calculated separately for every tall
neutrons in the soil matrix. This information will be utilized for calculating the reaction rates and optimization of the gating of gamma-ray spe
d it is known to be one of the major, indoor air pollutants related to the sick-building syndrome. High concentrations of indoor 222Rn will be
ged sites suitable for removing some anions. Prepared acid activated and modified carbons were characterized for their porous structure and
ged sites suitable for removing some anions. Prepared acid activated and modified carbons were characterized for their porous structure and

nal experimental information on the U235 and U-238 half-lives. High resolution alpha spectrometry was performed on three enriched U-235
g their procedures of measurement, demonstrating their capability to measure correct values of radioactivity in the environment and food stuf
d clinical symptoms. In the present study instrumental neutron activation analysis was applied for element determinations in scalp hair sample
up of 10 children and 10 adults were acquired from Dentistry School. The enamel and dentine samples were separately from each other and
ory alloy container metals and piping. The combination of the 8Li beta decay and the high atomic numbered metals used in piping is a scena
separated and purified with a solid extraction disk (3M Technetium RAD disk). 99Tc is determined using the inductively coupled plasma mas
nalysis (INAA) and to define procedures that are fit for the purpose of determining the elements at their naturally occurring levels. For this wo
not a free parameter but is tightly constrained by the specific environment. We report here the method of Spectral Comparison Ratios (SCR)
ides Cs-137, Np-237, Pu-239, Pu-240, U-234, U-238, Th-228, Th-230, Th-232 were analyzed by sector type ICP-MS and gamma spectrome
hbouring East Greek islands (e. g. Phokaia, Smyrna, Ephesos, Miletos, Sardis, Samos) have been analysed. The time span mainly covered s
nt sources. The goal of this project was to perform a feasibility study to determine if neutron activation analysis (NAA) can be used to evaluate

r and substantial amount of Cu (I), was purified by use of a Bio-Rad AG1-X10 anion exchange resin. The column was 1.6 cm i.d and 4 cm lo
l. Approximately 2 mg of the target material (at the time of separation) was produced by irradiating roughly 250 mg of its stable enriched 170
l for enriching materials of high-value. Results from a variety of combinations of a chemical or electrochemical reduction process preceding
ator mass spectrometry (AMS). Recent developments will be presented in: 32Si analysis of natural samples, temporal and spatial distribution
able data leads to recommended values based on a few discrepant data, requiring subjective judgement of the evaluator to identify possible o
derived efficiency function, it is believed that they are more accurate than previously published values. Effect of the new nitrogen standard in
sured to be about 109 n×cm-2×s-1 at the target position. The Mössbauer cryostat can be operated in the 3 K to 360 K temperature range. Fo
ls to detection limits for lower level counting. After transforming the net count to an integer, the probability density function for the transforme
the dry tube central irradiation facility (CIF) of the reactor. The higher neutron fluence of this facility improved sensitivity by approximately 37
products via gamma-ray spectrometry at Washington State University and the University of Cincinnati. Results forthcoming.
r the NAA portion of the project; however, due to detector efficiencies, background effects, and composition loading on each filter, only 15 of
ols. One Source was chosen due to this supplement's high content of Mn and Se. Se was first measured using established methods and an
vent of a radiological incident. A sodium bisulfate-sodium sulfate electrolyte was chosen as basis for the adaptive method. This electrolyte u
ntly escape from, the HPGe detector. Since these photons are correlated with the partial energy deposition within the detector, much of the
inematics. Emitted particles rapidly lose kinetic energy through stochastic interactions with the electrons of the material. The energy loss is d
necessity to protect cleanroom facilities from widely varying fissile quantities in samples and from desired gains in efficiency of mass spectro
ar in distribution to that of the atmospheric explosion. These particles do not combine with material from the ground entrained within the expl

es. However, the interest in radiochemistry declined nationwide in the early 1980‘s and the radiochemistry activities became limited to severa
ms are based on plastic scintillators. Such systems, however, are largely non-spectroscopic in capability. Fully capable spectroscopic portal
g, is combined with a binomial distribution of actual decay counts that accounts for sample decay during the count interval is presented. Thus
m concentration, the unknown solution is spiked with plutonium of accurately known plutonium mass and isotopic composition. For dissolve
ess information about plutonium content, we exploit the fact that the ingrowth of 200-300 kilograms of plutonium in the core across a typical 1
samples was 98±5 PMC and slightly lower than that reported for the atmosphere (approximately 105 PMC). Depth profile of 14C in three cor
cally important reactions) show large discrepancies. We hence performed a systematical experimental study of light charged particle induced
hnique and high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. Experimental cross-sections and derived integral yields are reported for the natPb(d,xn
ed in fresh waters and in the soil and subsequently are the most potentially affected bodies of the ecosystem. Sediments are known to play
analyze the dissociation/association properties of a series of Yttrium(III)- complexes including chelating ligands DOTA, EDTA, NTA, CDTA,
rces dedicated to quality assurance (QA) activities must be sufficient to assure that appropriate radioanalytical Measurement Quality Objectiv
w generation of multicollector ICPMS (Thermo Electron Neptune) equipped with a new design of channel electron multiplier ion counters coup
so been applied to studies of horses, goats and sheep. The movement and cultural habits of ants and boll weevils using stable rare earth m
h allows prompt collection of important data on human exposure following a terrorist attack. Data collected will facilitate triage decisions for t
vehicles, cargo and sources is time consuming and expensive, providing only a small number of example cases when tens of thousands of c
nates the possibility of isotope effects.We have studied several compounds, such as alkaline metal salts, humic substances, zeolites etc. an
U(n,n')235mU cross-section. The target preparation for the calibration of the BIII detector and for the optimization of the sample preparation i

ated fuel element from a Texas A&M Training Research Isotope General Atomics (TRIGA) reactor using thermal ionization mass spectrome
ombined any number of times. A sample may be measured multiple times and each measurement multiply analyzed as well. Measurement s
of member countries. This paper presents some findings when applying the UniSampo-Shaman software package in the analysis, with emph
ed are the 3-sigma chart, cumulative sum chart (CUSUM), and the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) chart. Each method trig
the values may potentially, therefore, be sub optimal. List mode or time stamped data acquisition records the arrival time of each pulse there
orption of all particles with energy above 20 MeV because the calculated threshold for the reaction 209Bi(a,2n) is 20.72 MeV. Bi targets were
facility which has been used to produce radioisotopes for industry or medicines, instead of PTS(pneumatic transfer system) irradiation facility
vels. Hypothetically, organic forms of zinc, such as amino-acid complexes or polypeptides, are more efficiently absorbed than inorganic form
observational (case-control) or clinical (intervention), typically generate thousands of samples for analysis. Most adults, living in the U.S., hav
kly realized that, for accurate, quantitative data analysis, it was also necessary to acquire accurate timing (live, clock, and dead time) and co
e Periodic Table such as the ones in this work are of extreme value for a wide range of purposes, including gaining a knowledge of materials
at provides a complete assay of all major entrained elemental constituents. Additionally , neutron activation analysis (NAA), using short-lived
erested in the selective extraction of radioactive metal cations from complex mixtures at a variety of pH values. In particular, the removal of
respective daughter products. However the changing environmental background means that these same naturally occurring isotopes can no
he limiting background from the spectrometer itself. High-purity copper is an important material for ultra-low-background spectrometers and
a fast neutron beam for fast neutron prompt-gamma activation analysis. A cadmium filter system is used to filter the incident neutron beam i
showed that, due to uranyl-AHA complex formation, the extraction of uranium to TBP slightly decreases when AHA is present in the feed aqu
sence of different initial concentrations of metal, nitric acid, lithium nitrate and acetohydroxamic acid in aqueous phase. Metal concentrations
etectors with BGO Compton suppressors was used for this method. High sensitive trace element analyses without chemical separation wer
n ground water. The measurement is based on the direct detection of the Cherenkov light generated in the water by the 90Y daughter beta-
mally reached. To minimize the gaseous tritium release during this process to a negligible amount the sample solution is constantly cooled to
obtained gross alpha activity results. A resin was developped, which follows an alternative approach. Alpha-emmitters dissolved in the salt-r
her in a file system-based data vault or in an SQL-database based on the Linssi gamma-ray spectrometry database definition. Hierarchical m
amma ray detection method to PGA, called MPGA. New Ge detector system for MPGA was constructed at JRR-3M C2 beam port in Japan
ons are not constant, lower concentrations are especially subject to uncertainty. Various techniques typically used for indoor radon measure
The high purity germanium well detector is coupled with an active anti-coincidence cosmic guard to reduce the spectra background. The imp
dividual components. Depending on the dead time of each component in the signal chain, the electronic determined dead time may not repre
RU and Ln-resin. The procedure provided separation factors adequate for this purpose. Age determinations were performed on two plutoniu
Sr, ingrowth and separation of 90Y and Cherenkov measurements in a liquid scintillation counter. The method of microwave digestion was o
e time; to monitor specific characteristics of intra-channel and inter-channel events; and to measure microsecond timing between any two ev
psite. Organic and elemental carbon concentrations were measured using a thermal-optical carbon analyzer. Aliquots of each filter were tre
phase extraction method based on Eichrom Technologies Inc.‘s Sr Resin. After a significant waiting period allowing ingrowth of the Y-90 dau
racterizing the radionuclide distributions for the waste receiving facilities. The non-routine nature of these waste samples analyzed by our lab
the activation of either matrix (Zr - 2.5 wt.% Nb alloy) or impurities. Besides the indicated radionuclides, presence of Pu, Am and Cm isotope

set of measurement geometries implemented includes combinations of coaxial, planar, broad energy and well-type detectors with point, surf
uffer. The demonstration was conducted using centrifugal contactors in a hot cell facility at Argonne National Laboratory. The analytical techn
imental isotope-assay data for higher-burnup fuels are relatively rare but are of considerable interest for benchmarking code performance be
ter. The purity of the Cm-245 was measured by alpha particle spectrometry and gamma spectrometry. The standardisation of the purified Cm
he use of trend analysis rules is described and illustrated with examples from measurements made at NPL with ionization chambers, liquid s
e decay of a radioactive parent. It also will allow a better estimate of the uncertainty on the time when only the parent radionuclide was prese
p (RMG). In the intervening decade, the accreditation standard has changed considerably; accreditation is now to the international standards
m-241 is of environmental concern from direct release to the environment via fallout and from fuel reprocessing activities; a second source t
t NPL, one of which was to finally consign the British National Radium standards to a waste repository. The science of the group has been a
amely As(III), As(V). Arsenic(V), an anion in weak acidic and neutral media, is separated and concentrated onto an anion exchange cartridge

in a well-characterized HPGe spectrometer. Particular attention has been given to efficiencies for detecting low energy beta and photon rad
ummer School has been instrumental in providing some of the training and exposure, but there is still a need for graduate education in Nucl
den of water of about 3800 m w.e. (meters of water equivalent). This natural shielding is reducing the muon flux of the cosmic radiation by si
program of measurements under AFCI has begun to correct this. One of the initial hurdles has been to produce well-characterized, highly is
has embarked on strengthening its nuclear and radiochemistry research. Specifically, we will pursue the following novel applications of nucl
uction of the positron emitter in a typical run ranges from tens to a few hundreds of MBq which in the case of a target failure can be of the o
the 1332-keV photopeak of 60-Co. The HPGe is surrounded by a 10‖ x 10‖ NaI(Tl) annulus and an additional 3‖x 3‖ NaI(Tl) plug on top of th

tary forensic method involves the laboratory analysis of wipes to detect traces of fissionable material that have been deposited during handli
vity over decay-counting methods. This opened up a number of applications in uranium-series geochronology and geochemistry of young se
ng dilute standards, self attenuation results in an under-reporting of the mass of plutonium present. The availability of representative standa

the container or other intervening materials. The result is given as the fractional activity of each isotope identified (in the selected activity uni
ing Dan32. The overall concentrations determined by PIXE were compared with elemental data held in the University of Surrey Hair Databas
osure levels to residents within close proximity to roadsides. Bio-accumulated levels of sulphur and other elements in hair from residents at c
(sensitivity, background, accuracy, precision, detection limit, abundance sensitivity, etc) were carried out with a single collector TIMS (VG 54
s should be clarified or modified and then disseminated through the scientific and industrial communities. The new project will update and im
ction limits or dynamic range to perform direct assays. This presentation evaluates the use of electrochemical sample preparation in that it o
operation and maintenance of the eleven US stations and the British station on Diego Garcia. This presentation discusses the performance
ds on two coupled components-the effectiveness of the instrument and the total costs of utilizing the instrument. The total cost includes initia
MCA supports pulse capture and list mode data and can co-operate with others to synchronize time stamps and even perform coincidence me
k was the determination of toxic and essential elements in Brazilian commercial milks by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Th

ALDI can also be used with advantage for environmental and radioanalytical analysis. In this paper principals of MALDI TOF MS will be eluc
g the photoneutrons from the linac as an alternative to nuclear reactors in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Understanding the photon
e of essential as well as toxic elements is entirely through diet. The toxic elements in the food might be associated with the environmental po
hotonuclear reactions (γ, n) of high energy photons with high Z-materials which compose the accelerator head.In this paper the possible use
ct and rapid assay of extracted isotopes with the energy resolution comparable to that of conventional alpha spectroscopy.
of iodine can be up to 6 times the recommended value. The main source of iodine for general population groups is food items such as fish, e
manually transferred to a Compton suppression gamma-ray spectrometry system within 20 s and counted for 40 s to quantify Dy, Hf, Rb, Sc
ylazo)-2-naphthol (TAN). The samples were irradiated for 3 h in the inner sites of the Dalhousie University SLOWPOKE-2 reactor (DUSR) fa
es is outlined in this paper.Most schemes for separation of actinides from an aquatic solution are based on recovery of an individual element

ectors. In some safeguards and security applications, such as radiation portal monitors for vehicle screening, naturally-occurring radioactive
n accumulated for particulate stations. Noble gas stations are still under testing, though the operational experience is fast growing and is now
er (NSDF) element levels. Then, proteins and water soluble polysaccharides (WSPS) were extracted using a mixture of Tris buffer (pH 9.0) a
d laboratories associated with them will be presented.
based on Monte Carlo simulation, provided also the correction factors for gamma-ray coincidence summing and attenuation effects in volume
with a mixture of nitric, fluoric and perchloric acids in a Teflon-bomb. After the separation of Pu by ion-exchange resin, it was determined by
tramethyl ammonium hydroxide). After iodide carrier was added, it was purified by solvent extraction. Iodine was finally precipitated as AgI, w

he quantitative analysis, by the QAES software. Rare Earth Elements are considered as useful indicators of geochemical processes, and in t
elopment of semiconductor materials over the last few decades has created considerable interest particularly in medical imaging. The require
there is no consensus about the maintenance of such concentrations in the biological compartments throughout time. Nowadays, the São P
the system. A cylindrical graphite counter electrode (CE) of appropriate diameter is mounted axially and extends up to 1mm of the bottom d
e separations to produce weapons components made of plutonium enriched in 239Pu. A flood in 1969 at Pit 9 caused the release of Am an
. For alternative production methods the available data on cross sections, thick target yields on and for production of possible contaminants
toral support through the Radiochemistry Education Award Program. The most important objective of the environmental radiochemistry focu
orable comparison to results obtained by a CHNS/O analyzer for carbon and nitrogen. However, the results for phosphorus obtained by CNP

analysis flow path was developed for determining key signatures necessary for attributing an unknown material to a source. This process inc
from physical appearance to the particle size distribution. For example, upon initial observation of the uranium oxide powders, a distinct diffe
al applicability of Poisson counting statistics. Therein lies the dilemma. As events become rarer, the commonly applied Poisson-normal app
suitable for insertion into an instrument package to be placed into the DANCE detector. We will discuss the purification methods used, the e
ed if the owner feels comfortable that the experiments will be of no harm to his dog. Therefore, a feasibility study was undertaken to assess t
erienced large problems in applying these principles in e.g. (bio)chemical measurements, resulting in time-consuming evaluations and costly
half-lives and/or low branching ratios, making quantification by gamma spectrometry difficult on fresh fission material. However, if the low-yiel
so for the determination of samples origin, like food. Mostly, ICP MS is used but in this work the possibilities of soft ionization MALDI TOF m

sorption. These so-called transition-edge sensors (TESs) can be configured as Gamma- or as fast-neutron spectrometers with a choice of th
ratory by incorporating natural matrix samples into the routine workload. The resulting data reflects actual laboratory performance and is com

ve collisions, with resultant benefits in molecular ion interference reduction, isobar separation, and thermalization and focusing of ions. Nove
evaporation. Uranium, plutonium, americium, and curium are separated into anion-exchange resin Dowex 1x 8 in Cl— - form from 9 M HCl.
m, plutonium, americium, and curium was carried out by alpha-spectrometric measurements, after ion-exchange separation. 242Pu, 243Am

e ion-exchange sites or organic matter. A series of selective dissolution experiments were undertaken to understand the effects of aging on
resentation provides an update on works in progress within the Rapid Methods Task Group of this ASTM Committee.
cy and precision of our analytical procedure and experimentally resolve some discrepancies about the relative intensities of the two primary g
he comprehensive scope though: when it comes to botanical specimens in terrestrial environments, one invariably thinks of biomonitoring ai
racterization of Ge and As evaporation residues from fission studies with 9,11Li (at beam intensities as low as 600 pps).

f concentration was simplified by using reliable, simultaneous multi-element techniques. Results on ICP/MS, INAA, EDXRF were validated b
A) for determination of minor and trace elements. Quality control was assessed through analysis of NIST Bovine liver, NIST Rice flour and IA
m x 10 cm x 10 cm) operated with fast-timing electronics to detect only gamma-rays within a 150 nanosec time window following a trigger pu
m chloride, representing improvements (compared to singles spectrometry) of about 30 to 35%. For Al, As, Ba, Br, Ca, Cl, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, N
he nitrogen reactions produced in tissue-equivalent phantoms and the effects of background interference on the gamma detectors. Experim
nd provides preliminary results describing some of the material‘s OSL properties. Linear OSL response to beta radiation dose, along with a
Po). Track features are measured and the data analyzed automatically using a digital imaging system and commercial PC software. Examin
nd plutonium was separated and purified through anion exchange chromatographic technique by means of AG 1-X2 resin chloride, and then

py, neutron activation analysis and liquid scintillation counting to determine the elemental concentrations of U, Cs and Sr. Diffusion coefficien
values of our irradiation position, and two -small and large - sample geometries. A systematic improvement of the SRM approach is curren

e k0-NAA method in a laboratory. In particular, SMELS Type III contains Au and Zr, thus also allowing the direct determination of f and α. It c
h scintillation cocktail for measurement of 35S by liquid scintillation counting. The remainder of the solution is used for determination of carri
be the application of ionizing radiation. There is little information in open literature about the effects of radiation on CWA; therefore, we have

ge was only accessibly by selected isotopes like 129I or actinides. The achievements are promissing and exhibit the wide potentialities for A
etectors have a set back that they are generally small and have low efficiencies, which would then require long acquisition time for reasonab
decay. While the first method does produce a low specific activity carrier-added (CA) radionuclide, the second method produces a high spec
by placing the sampler inside the hood or forcing the air-stream out of the hood toward the sampler. In order to accurately measure the amo
ependences of the accuracy of analytical result on careful selection of nuclear data. Values obtained reveal correlation of analytical result of I
for this degradation and suggest a process to rejuvenate these multipliers based on work done by L.A. Dietz. Data are presented that suppo
a radiochemical yield larger than 98% and back-extraction with NaOH at various concentrations, ranging from 0.09 M to 2.256 M. We obtain
e has been successfully applied for ultra-trace analysis of actinides and long-lived fission products (such as 99Tc, 90Sr, etc) from environme
rometry (ICP/MS) of a series of stable fission isotopes that exhibit high environmental mobility and whose production is sensitive to reactor co
boratory, and Los Alamos National Laboratory. The analytical request is a specific listing of gamma emitting radionuclides which includes ac
as been developed to allow ultra-trace detection (<0.25 pg/g) of thorium and uranium in copper metal. Samples are dissolved using ultra-pu

ng procedures (SOPs), including instructions for packing, unpacking, assembly, disassembly, calibration, operation, sample collection and an
e have analyzed 15 plant parts (4 roots, 3 leaves, one flower and 7 fruits & seeds) including 3 commercial brands. Six minor (Na, K, Ca, Cl, M
eatment applied. The technique showed to be reliable and easy-to-use and the detection equipment scanned the radioactivity along the soil
tion method using the tertiary pyridine resin. The adsorption behavior of alkaline earth elements on tertiary pyridine resin was investigated us
the irradiation period, even in the situation that the thermal to epi-thermal neutron flux ratio is not constant over the irradiation period. Practic
elements, such as Mo and Ru, interfere the measurement. We developed an analytical method for trace-level 99Tc in environmental sampl
ent results, and detection limit estimate are described.
he writing of the ANSI N42.38 standard (Performance Criteria for Spectroscopy-Based Portal Monitors used for Homeland Security) to define
ulted in HPGe detectors which are better adapted to the needs of the application. Some of these improvements in utility have degraded the s
use is somewhat complicated by the need for cryogenic cooling of the HPGe detector. Handling of liquid nitrogen in field situations is always
uppression system upon which the detection was carried out. The primary detector of our system is a HPGe crystal which is surrounded by a
erefore cheap, simple and reliable. Wireless multi-agent robotic control will assure precise and controllable movement. From our sensor me
ographed object can be gained from electro-magnetic showers produced by natural background radiation. The showers are more likely to orig

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to model singles and coincident gamma spectra that would result from various chemical separa
illator. We plan on using fuzzy logic algorithms perfected in the Los Alamos GN series of instruments as well as use the multiple isotope ma
ides are left in the reduced form. Subsequently, the unique volatility of the iodine may be exploited for additional separation and isolation fro
Spectroscopy (XPS) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) were used to confirm and characterize the technetium deposit. The tech
lity locally and systematically. Minerals have been shown to have a profound influence on the chemistry and solubility of bone mineral as the

9Tc and 129I radiological source terms transform into hydrological source terms, we have analyzed groundwater and nuclear test debris sam
he samples investigated are analysed and discussed. The reliability of the analysis was checked with several biological reference standard m
s such as clays and zeolites. The majority of the actinides deposited in the ground after an underground nuclear test reside in melt glass seq
aneous fission of plutonium-240 in transuranic wastes. Large volume soil-gas samples provide extremely sensitive measurement of radioxe
ed volume per year for long-term control (1). The ability to detect and characterize nascent leaks, in conjunction with subsequent remediatio
easured mass dispersion, mass resolution, and general ion beam profile. The new design includes a single magnetic sector and an electros
rements of in situ material is at times very difficult because of severe access limitations. This is where portable instruments that will do isotop
eparation techniques. The separation and enrichment of CdTe was performed by water-based flotation. Several floating procedures were stu
raw phosphates and fertilizers used in Austria are presented in detail and are compared to world wide mean values. The radiological impact
nation. It is essential that the analytical blank be as low as possible because the massic activity of the plutonium in the shellfish is extremely
ss activity screening. In both cases, it was desired to know which radionuclides were responsible for the activity. Additionally, in the second c
cals in a time-consuming procedure to force the separation of the target nuclide. The paper describes a method, including the reaction vesse
ative link between measurement results and the confidence in the results. One potential problem is that the laboratory could have an unusu
radioactivity contained in matrices similar to the sample. Since 1906, SRMs have been used by NIST as a vehicle for transferring measurem
t was to find a reliable way to estimate the efficiency of gamma systems using the Monte Carlo computation, and to validate that efficiency b
copper concentration, observed in the mutant cerebella, closely followed the time course of neurodegeneration. In the forebrain of weaver a
freshly separated and purified 239Np solution were added to the sample solutions. One aliquot was prepared as a comparator in 5g of 2M H

is present in one gamma-ray peak. This method shows promise to improve detection limits over classical gamma-ray spectroscopy analytic

for chemical separations and decay properties suitable for verifying the atomic number of the detected events. Measurements of energies, h
cient radioisotopes and/or isotopically enriched stable elements has been evaluated. The integration of radiation detection and mass spectro
ypical background components of a low-level HPGe detector, not situated deep underground, are cosmic radiation (cosmic muons, neutrons
970). Their approach used a Cartesian diver to control the pressure, and thus the amount of air present in the spectrometer chamber, in ord
d transported to the gamma-ray sensors in the RPM. Although some variance reduction can be achieved by source biasing, source biasing a
e for genetic modifiers. Long term objectives of this study involve using the oim mouse model of OI to evaluate both the impact of the mutat

mum beta energy of 3.24 MeV compared with 1.73 MeV by 15O. This is a really discriminating feature. Moreover, the carbon interference by 1
p to 106 c/s. Counting loss correction is based on the method of Computed Pileup Correction where hardware-generated dead-time correct
easurement and its propagated uncertainty are an improvement over the current state of the art techniques which plot relative activity or rela
coincidence of fission gamma rays was used to gate a liquid scintillator detector to distinguish fission events from other events. The fission
positron emitters (e.g. Na-22) and single gamma-ray emitters (e.g. Cs-137). The detectors were placed in the large volume shield consisting
ast based diets containing 8, 80 or 800 ppb Se prepared with either 0, 0.10 or 15 ppm Hg MeHg continually for 63 days. Rat nails were collec
oth studied soils were high, 201 and 329 mg kg-1, respectively in soil A and B. Uranium content in these soils varied considerably, ranging b
uclides in low concentrations in the contaminated soils offers considerable potential for long-term environmental cleanup.

ents in plutonium detection limits. A chronological description is given of the methodologies used in the plutonium bioassay program at Los A
ogrammable memory card. As presently configured, the instrument contains a series of Geiger-Mueller (GM) tubes in a flexible detector string
e maritime environment. This study was conducted using a variety of shielded and unshielded uranium sources in a simulated maritime envi
o Pu-238/(Pu-239+Pu-240) was determined by Alpha Spectrometry. Pu-241 was determined from a part of the same filters by LSC. The rem

aks events were associated with a transport of air masses from the Saharan desert. High mineral load in ambient particulate matter levels w
has developed a vehicle SONNI which has powerful tools to locate and identify radiation sources. In August 2005, SONNI was used in the H
nvolution Analysis Tool (SDAT) and to calibrate β-γ coincidence systems. The models developed for this work include improvements over pre
addition to the analytical figures of merit, the controlling software written in Labview will also be discussed.
nd precisely. For example, the determination of Tc, La, Pr, and Ce can all be determined in a singe analysis, in the same dilution (due to sim
sented. Lastly, details of the analysis of the separated Co and Ni fractions by ICP-MS will be discussed. The analytical figures of merit, along
s, and Giali). Sampling the fine grained, fossil rich (dwarf elephants) sediments of Charkadio Cave, it is possible to look back into the younge
topsoil. To better understand the mechanics of this enrichment, leaching experiments with volcanic ashes have been performed. NAA with i
obtained about the present status and future trends in nuclear education, particularly in the Nuclear and Radiochemistry area.
n technique from seawater using ammonium phosphomolybdate (AMP) and use of extremely low background gamma-spectrometry in the u
homogeneous samples. Since both the neutron beam and the detected gamma radiation are collimated, a well-defined active volume of the
o, 242Pu, and 178Hf. Following the end of the cold war, the Heavy Element Facility lost its mission as nuclear testing ceased. For a short tim
an educational and research program in radiochemistry for the education and training of radiochemists to analyze and study radiological sam
etitive process, funded three universities (Clemson University, University of Missouri-Columbia and Washington State University) for three ye
al plants: Androgena citratus, Punica Granatum, Glyryrrhiza Glabra, Lausaunia Alba, Ceratonia Siliquata, Fragaria Vesca, Arbutus Unedol, H
ogical storage. NOM-sequestered iodine can be recovered by pyrolysis to prepare target materials for transmutation. The nature of the NOM
on phenolic constituents of the peat. Alternatively, the intermediate, IOH or I2, may be reduced to iodide. The pH (and temperature) depen
ons with light-element dopants to non-destructively determine profiles of the dopant concentration related to its depth in the matrix material. T

m ferrocyanide (ZrFeCN) based sorbent material that is conveniently embedded on a polyethylene wound water filter cartridge (0.5 mm Micro
rmalizing and capturing fast neutrons are borated plastics that contain carbon, the element of interest. Thus in addition to weight constrains
ated separately for every tallying cell, which for a large matrix can become computationally cumbersome. Recently, a fast lattice tally (FLT)
the gating of gamma-ray spectral acquisition times. This information is also required to determine the sampled volume in the soil and should
ions of indoor 222Rn will be hazardous to human health which is often associated to lung cancer and other chronic diseases. The main pur
for their porous structure and Fe content using N2 adsorption-desorption and scanning electron microscopy, and EDX techniques respective
for their porous structure and Fe content using N2 adsorption-desorption and scanning electron microscopy, and EDX techniques respective

ed on three enriched U-235 materials, containing also impurity traces of U-234. Assuming the U-234 in the material to be in equilibrium with
he environment and food stuff at levels corresponding to routine situations. The most recent exercise under this International Comparison Sc
minations in scalp hair samples from a healthy elderly population of São Paulo city, to further establish element concentration reference or no
parately from each other and then washed using acetone and purified water. These samples were dried at 40 0C during about 24 h and grou
tals used in piping is a scenario in which bremsstrahlung production is a principal shielding concern. A series of fast pneumatic activation ex
ductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The decontamination factor of Ru, which is interfered in 99Tc measurement using IC
occurring levels. For this work, the limits of INAA were studied for the determination of mercury in unique small brain tissue samples and fo
ral Comparison Ratios (SCR). SCR is a technique that detects target sources by comparing counts in pre-defined energy bins based on a m
P-MS and gamma spectrometry. And these radionuclides were used to compare activity difference with depth. Cs and Pu distribution were s
e time span mainly covered starts at the Bronze Age and reaches until the Archaic and Classical periods. Using multivariate statistical proce
NAA) can be used to evaluate cadmium concentrations on air filters collected in the Arctic.

mn was 1.6 cm i.d and 4 cm long with a flow rate of 2 ml/min throughout the separation. 109Cd was quantitatively recovered from the first sta
mg of its stable enriched 170Er lanthanide neighbor with neutrons at the ILL reactor in France. This production method resulted in a ―difficult
reduction process preceding a separation process using either ion exchange chromatography, reversed phase chromatography, or solvent e
mporal and spatial distribution of 32Si, measurement of the half-life of 32Si, 32Si in groundwater, 32Si dating of sediment cores and deep oc
evaluator to identify possible outliers and to adjust unbalanced weighting among the accepted data. The situation is often aggravated by expe
the new nitrogen standard intensities on partial gamma ray production cross sections is obvious. Its effect on capture cross sections and PG
360 K temperature range. For data acquisition a Na(Tl) or a HPGe, can be used in absorption geometry. The surface areas of the Mössbaue
ty function for the transformed net count can be readily determined when the transformed net count is greater than zero. The right tail of the
ensitivity by approximately 37%, however the higher temperatures required modifications to the irradiation procedure. Because the heat in t
forthcoming.
ding on each filter, only 15 of the 28 elements analyzed for produced valid results above the detection limit due to Compton background nois
established methods and an NAA procedure was developed that allowed for the simultaneous determination of Mg, Ca, V, Cu, Mn, and Zn.
ve method. This electrolyte utilized was first described by Kressin and later investigated by Bajo, who described it as "robust." The procedure
hin the detector, much of the resulting Compton continuum can be subtracted from the spectrum, reducing the unwanted background in gam
material. The energy loss is directly related to the depth of the original emitter and can be found by using stopping power correlations. In the
in efficiency of mass spectrometric analysis by assisting in spike level selection and by removing from the sample set those materials that ar
und entrained within the explosion and have aerodynamic diameters less than 0.1 mm. The second group of particles from a surface explos

ties became limited to several small programs at PSU. We started to change this trend and revitalize our radiochemistry education and rese
capable spectroscopic portal monitor (SPM) systems are undergoing engineering development for deployment in the future. The ability to ide
unt interval is presented. Thus, the analysis treats decay and background counts differently, rather than relying on net counts. With short-lived
c composition. For dissolver solutions, the unknown and spiked solutions are subsequently measured using high-resolution gamma-ray sp
in the core across a typical 1.5 year fuel cycle induces a predictable roughly linear fall-off in the antineutrino rate in that time. Such antineutr
pth profile of 14C in three core samples, which were cut at 5 cm intervals to 50 or 55 cm deep, showed maximum concentrations of 14C varie
light charged particle induced activation cross sections for different targets during the last years. Here we summarize the results for the mos
e reported for the natPb(d,xn)203,204,205,206,207Bi, natPb(d,x)203Pb202Tl reactions. Only one set of controversial experimental cross-sec
Sediments are known to play a key role in the cycling of pollutants in the aquatic environments, since they may act both as a sink and a sourc
DOTA, EDTA, NTA, CDTA, DTPA, citric acid as well as humic acid. Furthermore, the kinetic stability of 90Y-DOTA-Tyr-Octreotide, used in
Measurement Quality Objectives (MQOs) and assessment Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) are met. As the emergency stabilizes, quality ass
n multiplier ion counters coupled with high efficiency sample introduction system and compare with radiation counting methods.
vils using stable rare earth markers have also been studied. In this study hafnium and europium were used to mark corn and alfalfa rations
acilitate triage decisions for timely emergency medical treatment to ameliorate the radiation effects on exposed individuals. Activation experi
when tens of thousands of cases are needed for statistical confidence. A current method for testing algorithms adds (or "injects") modeled
substances, zeolites etc. and measured their capability to accumulate tritium from aqueous solutions through their hydrogen bonds. The mo
n of the sample preparation is described here. Two methods were used to collect samples of 235mU, which is formed by the alpha decay of

al ionization mass spectrometry. The ratio of Erbium 167 to 168 was used to calculate a ratio that is similar to the cadmium ratio, but using a
yzed as well. Measurement setups with detectors, shields, attenuators and source geometries can be defined in LINSSI. Full control of calib
ge in the analysis, with emphasis on the results from automated pipeline analysis. In summary, the performance of the system was very sati
WMA) chart. Each method triggers an alarm when the count rate exceeds a limit, which is based on the detector background. These control c
rival time of each pulse thereby preserving the history of the pulse stream and allowing analysis and reanalysis using software analogs to the
s 20.72 MeV. Bi targets were irradiated at JRC-Ispra Cyclotron of EC, using a particles with energy higher than 28.61 MeV in order to produc
sfer system) irradiation facility which has been used in general NAA. For the minimization of contamination during sample preparation proced
absorbed than inorganic forms and their use would reduce the environmental impact from the eventual distribution of the waste products. H
adults, living in the U.S., have a daily dietary intake of selenium that exceeds the so-called nutritional requirement. Nevertheless, there exis
clock, and dead time) and count rate information because counting rates varied not only between the on and off states, but within them as we
ning a knowledge of materials failures when they occur, modeling the entire electronic, magnetic, and chemical properties of the constituent e
ysis (NAA), using short-lived activation products, complements PGAA and is especially applicable when the NAA activation surpasses the P
In particular, the removal of cobalt and cesium from systems with high concentrations of competing metals such as Ca2+, Na+, Al3+, and F
ally occurring isotopes can not be used for efficiency calibrations and they may not always be present (radon and radon daughter products ar
kground spectrometers and thus is the focus of this work. A method for removing surface contamination at very low levels without attacking
r the incident neutron beam in order to leave a fast neutron beam that is used for the operation of a fast neutron PGAA facility. The filter cons
HA is present in the feed aqueous solution. For the determination of distribution ratios, a combination of LSC and ICP-OES methods were us
phase. Metal concentrations were measured by ICP-OES and/or LSC methods. When acetohydroxamic acid was present, a smaller distrib
hout chemical separation were carried out by the combination of neutron activation analysis and the method of multiparameter coincidence s
er by the 90Y daughter beta-decay. The monitor is sensitive to 90Sr at concentrations below drinking water standards. Monte Carlo modelin
lution is constantly cooled to a temperature of 0 to 4°C. In the second step the remaining HTO solution is transferred to a bipolar batch elect
mitters dissolved in the salt-rich water samples are extracted onto an extraction chromatographic resin. The gross alpha activity is then deter
base definition. Hierarchical management of analysis parameter sets allows full control of the individual analysis runs yet maintaining flexibilit
R-3M C2 beam port in Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). Clover Ge detectors is used as prompt gamma ray detector. Each clover detect
ed for indoor radon measurements and can be categorized as short term (days) or long term (months). The best approach is to use multiple
pectra background. The improved overall accuracy of the method and lower detection limit of the detector results in a lower volume of seaw
ned dead time may not represent the true dead time of the total system. However, an artifical dead time in the pulse counting system that is
re performed on two plutonium reference material solutions, IRMM081 (239Pu) and IRMM083 (240Pu), on sediment from the Marshall island
f microwave digestion was optimised by using multivariate modelling. In order to minimise the total analysis time a mathematical model was
d timing between any two events. Over the course of time a PC-based waveform analyzer was added to gather the data from the original ele
Aliquots of each filter were treated to stepwise heating first in an inert helium atmosphere up to 870° C then in a helium/oxygen atmosphere u
wing ingrowth of the Y-90 daughter, Sr-90 activities were measured by liquid scintillation analyses of the interference free high beta energy re
samples analyzed by our laboratory often dictates the use of separations that are traced on a sample by sample basis. Following radiochem
ce of Pu, Am and Cm isotopes as well as fission products, such as 137Cs and 90Sr, could be expected as a result of loss of containment of

ype detectors with point, surface, cylinder and Marinelli beaker sources. Dimensions and materials of both detector and source are user-spe
boratory. The analytical techniques used to analyze the results of this test will be presented. Research funded by U.S. Department of Energy
marking code performance beyond this range, particularly in relation to the concept of "burnup credit," an allowance in safety analysis calcula
ndardisation of the purified Cm-245 was achieved by liquid scintillation counting and the paper describes the theoretical basis for this measur
ionization chambers, liquid scintillation counters and g-spectrometers. The use of Cumulative Summation (CuSum) techniques will also be d
arent radionuclide was present, based on activity ratio measurements. (1) Harms, A.V. and Jerome S.M., ‗On the integrated decay and ing
o the international standards ISO 9001:2000 (Quality management systems — Requirements) and ISO 17025:2005 (General requirements f
g activities; a second source term is the generation of Am-241 in the decay of Pu-241. Furthermore, this nuclide is interesting, since it can be
ence of the group has been advanced in several different areas; the development of an organically bound tritium standard; the standardisatio
an anion exchange cartridge while As(III) remains in the effluent in its neutral form. Bismuth sulfide coprecipitation of the effluent provides q

w energy beta and photon radiations. These methods will be illustrated by results from studies of Np isotopes (237, 238, and 239) and releva
r graduate education in Nuclear Science. Specific emphasis will be placed on the situation in Nuclear Chemistry. Can the increasing gap be
of the cosmic radiation by six orders of magnitude with respect to the surface. The neutron flux underground, instead, is reduced by three o
e well-characterized, highly isotopically enriched, and chemically pure actinide targets on thin backings. Using a combination of resurrected
ng novel applications of nuclear and radiochemistry in drug development and biomedical research: (i) 14C- and 3H-labeling of drug leads: W
arget failure can be of the order of a few GBq. Although there is specialized instrumentation manufactured by several companies and desig
3‖x 3‖ NaI(Tl) plug on top of the annulus. The peak-to-Compton plateau ratio of this system is 590 at the 1332-keV peak of 60-Co. The exte

been deposited during handling. This approach has been used effectively, for instance by IAEA inspectors in Iraq. Delayed-neutron activation
nd geochemistry of young sediments, volcanic rocks, and aqueous systems. Over the past decade there have continued to be advances in
bility of representative standards is unrealistic for diverse waste streams and so a means to detect and compensate for the presence of lump

ed (in the selected activity units) and the probability that the answer is correct. A drawback of MIMBS is that the algorithm cannot be accelera
ersity of Surrey Hair Database. All the entries currently in the database were produced using INAA. The merits of PIXE and INAA and the im
nts in hair from residents at close proximity to motorways (8.01E+03 - 2.54E+05) and those in remoter areas (4.91E+04 – 1.21E+05) were in
single collector TIMS (VG 54-38), a double-focusing sector field ICP-MS (VG "Axiom SC") and with an older quadrupole-based ICP-MS (VG
ew project will update and improve the terminology, quantities and units concerning production and application of radionuclides in radiopharm
sample preparation in that it offers the advantage of removing the bulk copper while selectively concentrating the contaminant species. Isoto
n discusses the performance of the four US stations plus Diego Garcia for which there is more than one year each of operating experience.
The total cost includes initial costs to procure and deploy, the costs to operate and maintain, and the economic impacts to those being scre
even perform coincidence measurements. Scintillator detectors exhibit substantial gain drifts over time and in response to temperature cha
ctivation analysis (INAA). The potential of the INAA in the chemical analysis for the milk matrix was also evaluated. This study is part of a lar

f MALDI TOF MS will be elucidated and on selected examples from analysis of waters, soil, HT materials, food/feed, etc., its unique possibil
T). Understanding the photoneutron production in the treatment head becomes important. It is also important for radiation protection to the st
ted with the environmental pollution from uncontrolled industries and domestic wastes and/or from the deposition of vehicle emissions. So fa
n this paper the possible use of these undesirable neutrons for BNCT is investigated, making use of high energy linacs already installed in h

s is food items such as fish, egg and milk. Milk provides 16-30% of the dietary iodine intake, and in many countries in the Northern hemisphe
40 s to quantify Dy, Hf, Rb, Sc and Se through their short-lived nuclides, namely 165m-Dy (t1/2=75.4 s, 108.2 keV gamma-ray), 179-Hf (18.6
WPOKE-2 reactor (DUSR) facility at a thermal neutron flux of 2.5 x 1011 cm-2 s-1. The chemical variables affecting the separation phase w
overy of an individual element by e.g. ion exchange, liquid-liquid extraction or solid phase extraction, when the differences in properties betwe

aturally-occurring radioactive material (NORM) often triggers radiation alarms and results in innocent or nuisance alarms. The limited energy
ce is fast growing and is now more or less equivalent to ten station year. An operation and maintenance strategy is being developed on the b
xture of Tris buffer (pH 9.0) and 0.1% SDS, and centrifuged after saturating it with ammonium sulfate. Crude WSPS was precipitated by ad

attenuation effects in volume samples of different geometries (e.g. Sarpagan and Marinelli types). Artificial and natural radionuclides in the s
e resin, it was determined by HR-ICP-MS with a micro-flow nebulizer. For the analysis of surface soil samples, we could reduce the sample s
s finally precipitated as AgI, which was determined by AMS using gas counter system at MALT (Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelera

chemical processes, and in this case, of provenance. Usually they maintain their primary relation and are transferred almost directly into sed
medical imaging. The requirements are for broad gap, high density detector materials that can operate at room temperature with good energ
ut time. Nowadays, the São Paulo State, Brazil, has only 6% of the original area of the Atlantic Forest, considered one of the hottest hotspots
s up to 1mm of the bottom disk. The WE is mounted on the axis of a dc motor/tacho combination operating at 1000 rounds per minute. Whe
caused the release of Am and Pu from the waste drums resulting in contamination of INL soils, and redistribution of the soils within the SDA
on of possible contaminants are or completely absent or scarce. In our new series of measurements we investigated systematically and with
onmental radiochemistry focus area is to produce graduates who have the requisite capabilities and skills in radiochemistry to meet manpow
hosphorus obtained by CNPGAA overestimated the results compared to those from a UV-VIS colorimetric method because of the effects of

to a source. This process included both destructive (i.e., alpha spectrometry, ICPMS, ICPAES, TIMS, particle size distribution, particle fracti
oxide powders, a distinct difference in their coloring is observed. In this study, depleted UO2, UO3, and U3O8 fired at three temperatures ra
y applied Poisson-normal approximation for "simple counting" becomes poorer. An underlying question in this respect is, "How far may we s
rification methods used, the electroplating setup and the solutions to various problems that we encountered in making these targets. The res
y was undertaken to assess the usefulness of nail clippings and hair (fur) as a non-invasive indicator for the Cu liver levels, aiming at a repla
suming evaluations and costly additional experiments. Other, more pragmatic and less costly approaches have been proposed to obtain a re
erial. However, if the low-yield isotopes are separated from Ce isotopes, and the parent-daughter pairs of 140Ba/140La and 132Te/132I, qui
soft ionization MALDI TOF mass spectrometry are examined. The isotope ratio can be determined from signals of pure atoms, clusters or fro

ctrometers with a choice of the appropriate absorber crystal. We are developing Gamma- and fast-neutron spectrometers based on Mo/Cu m
atory performance and is complimentary to more formal performance testing (PT) programs. Sample preparation and program results are p

n and focusing of ions. Novel ion–molecule chemistry schemes, using a variety of reaction gases selected on the basis of thermodynamic an
n Cl— - form from 9 M HCl. Americium and curium are concentrated on cation exchanger Dowex 50 x 8 in H+ - form. Determination of activ
e separation. 242Pu, 243Am and 232U are used as a tracers. The report contains the results of 234,235,236,238U, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241

stand the effects of aging on contaminant sequestration, and determine if these methods could be used to deconvolute multiple releases of
ntensities of the two primary gamma-rays (140.5 and 739.4 KeV) of Mo-99 that appear in some gamma-ray databases. This poster will prese
bly thinks of biomonitoring airborne contaminants at ground level. The present study deals with the influence of atmospheric conditions (prec

AA, EDXRF were validated by analysing NIST1572 and NIST1573. Quantitative results were obtained for Bi, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pd, REEs, Sb,
e liver, NIST Rice flour and IAEA Animal muscle. Compton suppressed for medium and long-lived nuclides and normal gamma-ray spectra fo
window following a trigger pulse generated by the alpha detector. The body is scanned from the shoulder to the knee in about 20 minutes, wi
Br, Ca, Cl, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn, LODs were lowered (up to a factor of 2) to 0.6, 0.3, 0.7, 0.06, 1, 0.6, 0.2, 10, 2, 0.004, 0.7, 1
gamma detectors. Experimental measurements using phantoms were obtained as verification of the Monte Carlo predictions for counting p
a radiation dose, along with a consistent shape of the photon emission curve with time, were observed using a green/blue OSL excitation lase
mercial PC software. Examination of particle track diameters in CR-39 exposed to environmental radon reveals a multi-modal distribution. Lo
1-X2 resin chloride, and then electroplated. Its activity was measured by high resolution alpha spectrometry.Although chemical yield and peak

Cs and Sr. Diffusion coefficients from the 50 year soil samples and the lab soil samples were determined. The measured diffusion coefficien
f the SRM approach is currently being performed by pseudo-cyclic activation analysis, in an attempt to reduce counting errors. From these m

determination of f and α. It could also be used as a quality control material to monitor the irradiation facility and the detector, thus replacing t
sed for determination of carrier yield via iodometric titration. A detection limit of ~ 0.1 mg/kg has been determined. Measurement of sulfur i
n on CWA; therefore, we have initiated a study to investigate the stability of mustard agent to various types of radiation. Samples of neat mus

it the wide potentialities for AMS. The method will be shown and outlined in details.
acquisition time for reasonable statistics. Recently, two new types of scintillator detectors have been available commercially, LaCl3(Ce) and
method produces a high specific activity no-carrier-added (NCA) one, since 177Yb decays to the ground state 177gLu. Conversely, in this fir
accurately measure the amount of material routinely leaking from an open front hood, an air sampler was positioned in front of the hood ope
elation of analytical result of INAA with nuclear data source. It was also observed that modification of the earlier compiled basic nuclear data
Data are presented that supports the re-establishment of proper operating characteristics of this detector. The same process may be used o
0.09 M to 2.256 M. We obtained a back-extraction yield greater than 90-97% in a range from 0.75 M to 2.00 M. The wet-chemistry method is
c, 90Sr, etc) from environmental and biological samples, as will be illustrated by a few examples. In recent years the analysis of ―hot‖ particle
ction is sensitive to reactor conditions. For example, ruthenium isotopic abundance distributions from thermal-neutron fission of uranium-23
ionuclides which includes activation and fission products, and total and isotopic uranium and plutonium. The IAEA reviews the data and base
are dissolved using ultra-pure nitric acid, then pumped through an in-line column to extract thorium and uranium while allowing the matrix el

ion, sample collection and analysis, data reporting, and all other procedures needed, were developed. Qualitative beta analyses (planchet, s
s. Six minor (Na, K, Ca, Cl, Mg and P) and 20 trace (As, Ba, Br, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Eu, Fe, Hf, Hg, La, Mn, Rb, Sc, Se, Sm, Th and Zn) elem
e radioactivity along the soil profile with good accuracy. The described method has proved to be a useful tool to study the root response to v
ine resin was investigated using various type of solvent. We found that strontium can be completely separated from other alkaline earth elem
the irradiation period. Practical, wanted and unwanted situations, consequences and solutions will be discussed. The practical solution as im
99Tc in environmental samples. 95mTc free of 99Tc, as a recovery monitor, was produced by irradiation of Nb by alpha-particles from a cycl

Homeland Security) to define the performance of a Portal Monitor with nuclide identification capabilities, called a Spectroscopy Portal Monito
in utility have degraded the spectroscopy performance. With DSP, it is possible to reduce the changes, in real time, in several aspects of de
en in field situations is always difficult. Recent developments in low-power electromechanical cooling for HPGe detectors have made possible
ystal which is surrounded by a secondary detector, a NaI scintillator. The two detectors can be operated in coincidence or anti-coincidence m
vement. From our sensor measurements, we will build and update a radiological map in real time. We propose search by design: starting wit
howers are more likely to originate from high-Z objects. Muons that are stopped in the material form muonic atoms in their excited state, and

from various chemical separation strategies. The goal is to use these complementary counting techniques to tailor a series of efficient chem
s use the multiple isotope material basis set method (MIMBS) algorithm which has never been implemented on a handheld identifier before b
l separation and isolation from remaining matrix components through the use of a purge and trap system, which has the additional benefit of
echnetium deposit. The technetium is deposited in the metallic state, although surface oxides in the 4+ and 7+ state form readily. Initial TIM
ubility of bone mineral as the skeleton is the target organ for many heavy metals. The objective of this study is determined the elementals co

r and nuclear test debris samples from underground nuclear test cavities at the NTS. Isotope dilution ICP-MS and liquid scintillation counting
ological reference standard materials. Our results was also compared with literature value.
r test reside in melt glass sequestered at the bottom of the test cavity. To better understand the mechanisms controlling the release and tran
itive measurement of radioxenon in the subsurface; a characteristic of transuranic waste. The analysis employs a modified Automated Radi
n with subsequent remediation efforts, will significantly decrease the amount of CO2 released back into the environment. Because potential
gnetic sector and an electrostatic dispersion lens to magnify the mass dispersion so that full sized discrete dynode electron multipliers or Dal
instruments that will do isotopics are needed.
floating procedures were studied regarding their separation yields. The respective distribution of CdTe in the phases involved (flotate, water
lues. The radiological impact of the use of fertilizer products on environment, agricultural areas, crops and food chain is discussed with regar
in the shellfish is extremely low and a reliable certified value is needed for the Standard Reference Material. This project is utilizing a system
Additionally, in the second case, authorities there wanted to know what effect water softener systems installed in individual households had
d, including the reaction vessel, into which the sample is introduced followed by the addition of acid and denaturing agents. Nuclide-specific r
oratory could have an unusually high probability of passing the PTs when its reported uncertainty is larger than expected. The NELAP PT R
cle for transferring measurement science and technology throughout the scientific community, industry, and commerce. SRMs are key tools
d to validate that efficiency by making measurements of a standard geometry. The final scope of the project is to create a standard human b
. In the forebrain of weaver and Lurcher, with no documented pattern of neurodegeneration, zinc and copper concentration approximate thos
s a comparator in 5g of 2M HNO3 solution in a sealed glass ampoule. After radiochemical exchange between 237Np and 239Np, co-precipita

ma-ray spectroscopy analytical techniques; however this hypothesis has not been tested. To address this issue, we performed multiple tests

Measurements of energies, half-lives, and time correlations of known alpha-alpha decay chains provide an ideal method for establishing ato
n detection and mass spectrometry for rapid analysis offers benefits to some chemical systems. Examples of this integration for selected sy
on (cosmic muons, neutrons and activation products), radioactivity of construction materials, radon and its progenies. Monte Carlo simulation
pectrometer chamber, in order to provide an absorber to stop the recoiling nuclei. In addition they applied a -6 volt bias to the source plate.
urce biasing, source biasing alone does not overcome the effect of the large distances and resulting small solid angles involved in the problem
both the impact of the mutation and the role of the genetic background on bone mineralization. Tibias from mice with the oim mutation were

, the carbon interference by 12C (γ, n) 11C can be avoided by irradiation with sub-threshold photon energy of 18MeV. By chance, this measu
generated dead-time correction factors are totalized for the purpose of loss-corrected multi-scaling and, at the same time, produce weighting
ch plot relative activity or relative intensities. Most, however, simply measure the fission products around the circumference of a segment an
om other events. The fission neutron spectral shape and average energy measured in this experiment compare well to both previous measu
arge volume shield consisting of (from outside to inside) 10 mm of iron, 100 mm of lead, 50 mm of copper, 80 mm of polyethylene with boric
3 days. Rat nails were collected on day 63 and analyzed using INAA. The Se concentration in the nail is well correlated (r2 > 0.90) with diet
aried considerably, ranging between 10.7 and 1016 mg kg-1, with a mean concentration 284 mg kg-1. The bioavailability of Th and U was es

m bioassay program at Los Alamos. Special emphasis is placed on the cleanroom chemistry operations and thermal ionization mass spectro
bes in a flexible detector string. An immediate alert is sounded and the detector identified when any of the radiation levels exceed pre-program
in a simulated maritime environment. The results include estimates of the detection sensitivity for various isotopic enrichments and configur
same filters by LSC. The remaining part of the filter was used for measurement of the isotope ratio Pu-240/Pu-239 by AMS at the Vienna En

nt particulate matter levels were registered during the Saharan dust outbreaks. The accuracy of INAA to measure Fe, Sc and Sm was evalua
05, SONNI was used in the Helsinki Athletics World Championship games for securing the safety of the athletes and the public. Using three N
clude improvements over previous models in their ability to address Compton scattering for 135Xe, the beta distribution offset in the 30 keV

the same dilution (due to similar fission product yields). The determination of Nd-148 by ICP-MS requires a chemical separation to remove t
alytical figures of merit, along with the accuracy and precision of the analytical method will be presented. The experimental results will be co
e to look back into the youngest geological history of this area. Some of these layers contain volcanic particles (ash grains, pumice lapilli). Int
e been performed. NAA with its reasonably simple sample preparation and the possibility to distinguish volcanic ashes from contamination of
hemistry area.
amma-spectrometry in the underground laboratory (Ogoya), we have succeeded the 137Cs determination in seawater with a smaller sample
-defined active volume of the bulk sample is analyzed. Using a proper geometry, the container can be made practically invisible. Using this ―i
esting ceased. For a short time the facility was in standby mode, storing various quantities of highly radioactive products. To reduce and ultim
ze and study radiological samples. The specific objectives for accomplishing the goal are: (1) to recruit and train highly talented African Ame
n State University) for three years. Due to the success of REAP-I, a second program (REAP-II) was initiated in 2002. In the second program
ria Vesca, Arbutus Unedol, Hordeum Vulgare, and Papietaria Officinalis used to cure urinary tract infections. We used short, medium and lo
ation. The nature of the NOM-iodine association has been explored and compared to activated carbon.
pH (and temperature) dependence of the iodate reaction (reduction) has been explored with sphagnum peat, humic acid, and several mode
depth in the matrix material. The technique relies on the energy attenuation of alpha and lithium recoil particles and measurement of the resid

ilter cartridge (0.5 mm Micro-Wynd®, Cuno Inc.). These ZrFeCN based sorbent cartridges have been used extensively at former nuclear te
addition to weight constrains due to required mobility of the system, the shielding should be free of carbon. The current shielding consists of
ently, a fast lattice tally (FLT) has been developed for MCNPX. Although FLT offers competitive computational times, it is not applicable for a
volume in the soil and should assist in deconvolving the time-dependent gamma-ray signature measured by the NaI detectors. In our prelim
onic diseases. The main purpose of this study is to determine the concentrations of indoor 222Rn in residential areas constructed on former
d EDX techniques respectively. Modification destroys the micro-pores tremendously in the parent carbon whereas the reduced level of meso
d EDX techniques respectively. Modification destroys the micro-pores tremendously in the parent carbon whereas the reduced level of meso

erial to be in equilibrium with its parent, U-238, it can be used as a probe for the half-life of the latter. Relying on the isotopic composition of t
International Comparison Scheme for Radioactivity Environmental Monitoring (ICS-REM) is presented here. More than 130 units of milk pow
concentration reference or normal ranges values for this group. The hair samples were collected from 43 individuals aged 50-80 years and li
C during about 24 h and ground in an agate mortar for analyses. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) followed by gamma ray spe
f fast pneumatic activation experiments have been performed to obtain the spectral distributions of bremsstrahlung gamma-rays transmitted
99Tc measurement using ICP-MS, is 6.0×105. Five samples spiked 99Tc were analyzed to confirm the validity of this method. The chemica
brain tissue samples and for characterization of the new SRM 1598a Animal Serum. The sensitivity of INAA is dependent on the assay of a
ed energy bins based on a matrix of target sources and a benign source population. The algorithm can be tuned to the specific systematic va
Cs and Pu distribution were similar with depth and had a maximum value between 14~22 cm depth. This value was due to high activity of nuc
g multivariate statistical procedures, many different characteristic patterns have been obtained, and most of them could be geographically ass

ly recovered from the first stage and recovery yield from the ion exchange chromatography was greater than 96%. The concentration of stab
method resulted in a ―difficult-to-separate‖ 1:125 mixture of near-neighboring lanthanides, Tm and Er. To carry out this separation, a high-per
chromatography, or solvent extraction are discussed.
sediment cores and deep ocean glass sponges.
n is often aggravated by experimenters providing insufficient detail on how the half-life and its uncertainty were determined. The latter is clea
apture cross sections and PGAA will also be assessed. As a consequence cross section related model calculations, such as decay-heat, ab
urface areas of the Mössbauer source and absorber are about 1 cm2. Prospective prompt-gamma nuclei for in-beam excitation are identified
han zero. The right tail of the distribution is summed and the detection limit is determined to four decimal places using a simple search. The
edure. Because the heat in the CIF would melt the plastic spacers used in the original method, a tube of high-purity quartz was used to cont

o Compton background noise and blank subtraction. The 15 detectable elements with their six year average with associated 95% confidenc
Mg, Ca, V, Cu, Mn, and Zn. The Se results confirmed that the cohort was accurately classified in terms of multivitamin supplementation. T
it as "robust." The procedure was performed as described by Bajo except that the current density was increased from 0.457 A/cm2 to 0.606
nwanted background in gamma ray spectra. A commercially available Compton Suppression System was purchased and tested at the Rad
ng power correlations. In the conventional NDP, particle residual energy is measured directly by using a silicon semiconductor detector, most
ple set those materials that are not of interest. During the last several years, many different materials have been screened or analyzed in sup
articles from a surface explosion contains admixed particles entrained in the explosion and has particles with aerodynamic diameters greater

chemistry education and research program at PSU with a recent support from the Department of Energy, Radiochemistry Education Award P
n the future. The ability to identify the detected radionuclides may allow improved operational handling of radiation alarms, particularly those
n net counts. With short-lived samples, count duration can be adjusted to optimize sensitivity. These analyses are computationally intensive,
gh-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry following the fission product separations by extraction chromatography using U/TEVA•Spec resins. T
e in that time. Such antineutrino detectors would add online, quasi-real-time bulk material accountancy to the set of reactor monitoring tools
m concentrations of 14C varied from 103 PMC to 106 PMC at 5-10 cm to 15-20 cm deep. The 14C concentrations in biota (plankton, bentho
marize the results for the most widely used technological materials: i.e. for metals. The targets were irradiated with external beams of the cyc
ersial experimental cross-section data was found in the literature. The experimental data are analyzed and compared with the results of the t
ct both as a sink and a source of widely differentiated chemicals, most of which, potentially hazardous. Owing to this peculiarity, therefore, se
OTA-Tyr-Octreotide, used in radioimmunotherapy for neuroendocrine tumor treatment, was tested. The actual determination of the kinetic sta
rgency stabilizes, quality assurance (QA) activities will evolve commensurate with the need to reach appropriate DQOs. The MQOs represen
unting methods.
mark corn and alfalfa rations as well as a combination ration made up of 90% alfalfa and 10% corn. The MRTs were then evaluated using tw
individuals. Activation experiments with everyday items exposed to a neutron source will be outlined and presented. The Information Releas
s adds (or "injects") modeled count rates of targeted sources to existing source-free vehicle profile data. Typically, these injection studies hav
heir hydrogen bonds. The most promising results were found for commercially available gelatine, which turned out to be a mixture of certain
formed by the alpha decay of 239Pu, for the calibration of the BIII detector. First, the 235mU was chemically separated from 239Pu by anio

he cadmium ratio, but using a high energy cut off due to the large erbium resonance absorption integral as compared to the low energy cutof
n LINSSI. Full control of calibrations, their histories and backtracking of each calibration point to its corresponding analysis and calibration me
e of the system was very satisfactory: UniSampo-Shaman pipeline identified 199 nuclides of a total of 430 that were artificially added to these
background. These control charts methods were applied to on-line data obtained from monitoring 99TcO4- in aqueous solutions and alarm
using software analogs to the shift register circuit with adjustable parameters. Until recently, the data rates encountered in the assay of mode
28.61 MeV in order to produce also small amounts of the g-emitter 210At, via the 209Bi(a,3n) reaction. The presence of a small amount of 2
ng sample preparation procedure, quartz burner was used with high purity sealing gas. And also, nitrogen flow system was used to stabilize
ion of the waste products. However, lack of convincing evidence for this hypothesis and the substantially higher costs have prevented the di
ent. Nevertheless, there exists evidence in support of the hypothesis that some individuals can benefit from a supra-nutritional (or pharmaco
states, but within them as well. It became clear, therefore, that further information could be obtained to separate gamma-rays produced by
properties of the constituent elements of the material, and assessing the purity of the materials as it relates to issues such as quality control.
AA activation surpasses the PGAA in elemental sensitivity. The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) has developed a new miniatu
h as Ca2+, Na+, Al3+, and Fe3+ as well as a number of possible organic cations and surfactants. The chelating agents of choice for our app
d radon daughter products are a good example). To counter these problems a novel application of an existing scintillation detector makes it
y low levels without attacking the bulk material is described. An assay method using a low-background proportional counter made of the mate
PGAA facility. The filter consists of three separate pieces that can be altered to vary the incident neutron and gamma fluxes that exit the be
d ICP-OES methods were used. UV-VIS spectrophotometry confirmed no reduction of uranium(VI) during the extraction experiment. Format
was present, a smaller distribution ratio was measured as a result of complexation or reduction of metals by AHA. In particular, the kinetics o
multiparameter coincidence spectroscopy. In the case of neutron activation analysis, measurements of gamma-rays from trace elements are
ndards. Monte Carlo modeling was used to optimize the basic design with respect to size, shape, and composition of the detector, taking int
erred to a bipolar batch electrolysis cell for further enrichment. The enrichment process in this cell is based on the electrochemical permeatio
ss alpha activity is then determined by direct measurement of the dried resin using a/b discrimination liquid scintillation counting. The resin c
runs yet maintaining flexibility when analyzing a variety of sample types.
detector. Each clover detector consists of 4 germanium (Ge) crystals surrounded by a Compton shield of bismuth germanium oxide crystals
st approach is to use multiple measurements rather than using counting statistics for determining a standard deviation. In tests of selected d
ts in a lower volume of seawater needed for analyses. Results will be shown from a study of 7Be in the Sargasso Sea.
ulse counting system that is long enough might yield a system dead time that can be represented by this artificial one. It is shown in this pap
ment from the Marshall islands (reference material IAEA367) and on Trinitite. The observed ages based on the 241Am/241Pu ratio correspo
e a mathematical model was developed. The model parameters are the number of samples, time of ingrowth, counting time and detection lim
the data from the original electronics and to digitize each pulse originating from the sample detector providing enhanced event characteriza
helium/oxygen atmosphere up to 910° C while monitoring the transmission of light through the filter using a diode laser. Throughout the proc
ence free high beta energy region of Sr-90‘s daughter Y-90. Stable strontium carrier recoveries were established using the Savannah River
e basis. Following radiochemical separation with stable carrier addition, radiochemical yields for a number of these separations are determin
sult of loss of containment of fuel elements during reactor operating and possible U and Th impurity in the FCP material. FCP samples were

ctor and source are user-specifiable. Together with the true-coincidence correction factors the full-energy-peak efficiencies are calculated an
y U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology, under Contract W-31-109-Eng-38.
nce in safety analysis calculations for decreased reactivity in the fuel as a result of actinide depletion and a presence of neutron-absorbing irr
oretical basis for this measurement. The low-level standards thus produced are suitable for both work with a-particle spectrometry and mass
Sum) techniques will also be described, with recommendations of how these techniques can be used to enhance the quality of secondary sta
the integrated decay and ingrowth equations used in the measurement of radioactive decay families: the general solution‘, Appl. Radiat. Isot
2005 (General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories); accreditation is now carried out by a wholly separate
is interesting, since it can be measured by employing several very different measurement strategies; a-particle specrometry, g-ray spectrom
standard; the standardisation of both F-18 and Tc-99m and their subsequent submission to the BIPM reference ionsation chamber in Paris;
tion of the effluent provides quantitative preconcentration of As(III). Arsenic (V) is quantitatively eluted with 1M nitric acid after a two-step co

37, 238, and 239) and relevant genetic relations.
y. Can the increasing gap between prrduction and demand be filled by the Nuclear Physics Community? What are the projections for the fie
nstead, is reduced by three orders of magnitude with respect to surface. The underground laboratories are equipped with an experimental fac
a combination of resurrected techniques and new developments, we have made a series of targets including highly enriched 240Pu, and 242
3H-labeling of drug leads: We are building a synthetic radiopharmaceutical chemistry facility. These radiolabeled lead compounds will be us
several companies and designed for monitoring releases of gaseous positron emitters, there is no calibration facility for such instruments at p
keV peak of 60-Co. The external background was evaluated by first counting the empty detector for 24 h without the lead shielding in conven

q. Delayed-neutron activation analysis (DNAA) is a well-tested method, specific for those nuclides that fission with thermal neutrons. The me
continued to be advances in thermal ionization techniques, and the advent of alternative mass spectrometric methods, particularly multi-colle
sate for the presence of lumps is needed. An experimental approach that can in principle generate an item specific correction factor is to exp

algorithm cannot be accelerated by using precomputed matrix inverses, as has been done with our single- and dual-isotope solvers. Therefo
of PIXE and INAA and the implications of tomographic PIXE analysis are discussed. The conclusions drawn from the PIXE-Tomography ana
.91E+04 – 1.21E+05) were in both cases, above the expected content (range) in human hair. However, S and Cu levels (μg/g) in airborne P
adrupole-based ICP-MS (VG "PlasmaQuad2+"). The influences of mass bias and dead time corrections on isotopic ratios measurements we
of radionuclides in radiopharmaceutical and radioanalytical chemistry. The task group will pay particular attention to the critical discussion of
e contaminant species. Isotopic tracers of the target contaminants are added prior to the electrodeposition. This approach offers the distinct
ach of operating experience. Longitudinal data is presented for stations with multi-year operating history. In addition, solutions to challenges
c impacts to those being screened. Assessing the overall value of a countermeasure is difficult because there is an inherent link between ef
response to temperature changes, which makes it a challenge to operate detector arrays. In the Morpho system the MCA controls the HVPS
ted. This study is part of a large project (FAPESP 04/15966-9) on the characterization and identification of Brazilian milks. Bovine fluid milk w

feed, etc., its unique possibilities will be demonstrated. Laser Desorption Ionization (LDI) or Laser Ablation (LA) of insoluble materials like ce
radiation protection to the staff and general public, as well as for estimating the concommittant dose to the patient. This work used the gene
n of vehicle emissions. So far little information exists for developing countries that could provide a scientific basis for food programmes suite
y linacs already installed in hospitals, primarily for high energy electron and photon (bremsstrahlung) therapy and applying them in the conte

ries in the Northern hemisphere high milk consumption could be the major contributor to bodily iodine intake. The bioavailability and toxicity
V gamma-ray), 179-Hf (18.68 s, 214.5 keV), 86m-Rb (61.0 s, 555.4 keV), 46m-Sc (18.7 s, 142.5 keV) and 77m-Se (17.4 s, 161.9 keV). Th
ecting the separation phase were optimized. The recoveries of these elements under the optimum conditions (i.e. pH=8.5, [PAN/TAN]=1 x 1
fferences in properties between the various oxidation states (charge, ligand affinity, adsorption properties etc) are utilized. A drawback with m

e alarms. The limited energy information from plastic scintillator material can be used to discriminate the NORM from targeted materials and
y is being developed on the basis of the collected experience and the analysis of equipment failures and critical problems.
WSPS was precipitated by adding ethyl alcohol. All fractions were analyzed to determine Br, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, I, Mg, Mn, Rb, Sb, Sc, and Zn by

natural radionuclides in the samples, such as 137Cs, 60Co, 241Am, 152Eu, as well as 40K and 238U, 235U and 232Th series decay produ
we could reduce the sample size down to about 1 g or less. Concentrations of Pu and 240Pu/239Pu ratios were determined in soil samples co
Laboratory, Tandem accelerator), The University of Tokyo. A sufficient resolution was obtained to isolate 129I ion from molecular fragment. I

erred almost directly into sediments. The water bodies were: río Aguaray guazú, río Negro, río Montelindo and río Verde. Their values herefo
temperature with good energy resolution (<2% at 511 keV), high stopping power and efficiency. Moreover, they do not require bulky and cum
ed one of the hottest hotspots for the global biodiversity conservation. Despite the ecological and environmental importance, this study also fo
1000 rounds per minute. When filled with hydrochloric acid (40 ml, up to 12N) that contains the rhodium (up to 3 g) and when applying a high
on of the soils within the SDA facility. Soils around the SDA were collected in the early 1970's, analyzed for 238Pu, 239+240Pu, and 241Am
gated systematically and with reliable precision a variety of accelerator based production routes. Proton, deuteron and alpha induced reaction
iochemistry to meet manpower needs in the United States. An undergraduate enrichment program was instituted to stimulate interest in radi
hod because of the effects of high chlorine content in cattails collected from an estuary. Therefore, a method for the determination of carbon,

ize distribution, particle fractionation) and non-destructive (i.e., gamma-ray spectrometry, autoradiography, optical microscopy, auger spectro
ired at three temperatures ranging from 350-1100°C are compared based on non-destructive and destructive techniques that include the ma
espect is, "How far may we stretch the Poisson-normal approximation, before it breaks?" One finds that there are at least three different ans
making these targets. The results of the purification steps based upon the analytical results are discussed as well as the yields from the elect
liver levels, aiming at a replacement for the transcuteaneous (i.e. through the skin) full needle biopsy. Liver biopsy samples, nail clippins and
been proposed to obtain a realistic estimate of the range in which the true value of the measurement may be found with a certain degree of p
a/140La and 132Te/132I, quick detection is possible. LANL recently irradiated a highly enriched uranium foil and conducted experiments to v
of pure atoms, clusters or from multi-elemental molecular peaks of various chemical compounds. Several examples concerning uranium, se

ctrometers based on Mo/Cu multilayer TESs, as well as the readout electronics and the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators for user-frien
on and program results are presented and discussed.

he basis of thermodynamic and kinetic principles and data, are now designed and empirically evaluated with relative ease. Surveys of the rea
- form. Determination of activity of isotopes of uranium, plutonium, americium, and curium was carried out by high-resolution alpha-spectrom
38U, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am contents in ground water samples selected within local zone of Object ―Shelter‖. Volume activity of 238Pu,

onvolute multiple releases of radionuclides into the environment based on their associations with different soil constituents. Samples were ta
bases. This poster will present a general overview of our analytical method as well as the data obtained from the analyses of the Mo-implant
atmospheric conditions (precipitation regimes) on biological uptake, by looking into the concentrations of nickel and vanadium in lichen thalli

, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pd, REEs, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Te, Th, Tl using sector field ICP/MS, operated at low and medium mass resolution. Comparison of I
normal gamma-ray spectra for short, medium and long-lived were acquired at Nuclear Energy Center for Agiculture and ITN, respectively. At
knee in about 20 minutes, with the whole-body dose equivalent less than 0.4 mSv. The cumulative gamma-ray spectra in the 2 MeV to 11.5
1, 0.6, 0.2, 10, 2, 0.004, 0.7, 1, 0.8, 0.009, and 20 mg/kg, respectively. Background suppression factors of about 2 to 8 were achieved over t
arlo predictions for counting precision and measurement sensitivity. Monte Carlo response curves showed increased gamma production per
reen/blue OSL excitation laser. The reproducibility of OSL response after repeated irradiations and the change in intensity with time were als
a multi-modal distribution. Locations of the maxima in this distribution are highly correlated with alpha particle energies of radon daughters, a
ough chemical yield and peak resolution were good, we wanted to improve our results and to find a method suitable for the simultaneous pur

measured diffusion coefficients from the field samples were 3.0E-04 cm2 s-1 (Cs-137), 1.8E-09 cm2 s-1 (U-238) and 2.6E-09 cm2 s-1 (Sr-90
ounting errors. From these measurements, the list of saturation activities will be recalculated in an automatic procedure which could become

the detector, thus replacing the traditional flux monitors. This paper presents the accuracy of the f and α determination in channels Y4 and S
ned. Measurement of sulfur in SRM 365 (Electrolytic Iron, certified sulfur mass fraction = 55 ± 2 mg/kg) gave a mass fraction of 58 ± 2 mg/kg
diation. Samples of neat mustard and mustard mixed into soil analogues were inserted into core sites within the 20 kW reactor at the Royal M

ommercially, LaCl3(Ce) and LaBr3(Ce). The cerium-doped lanthanum halide detectors, with comparable resolution but better efficiency than
77gLu. Conversely, in this first case the 177gLu is contaminated by the long-lived radionuclidic impurity 177mLu. In this study the accurate d
ioned in front of the hood opening and samples were taken while a routine sample digestion process was done. The digestion process invol
compiled basic nuclear data could lead to inconsistencies in the secondary data that applies them. The end result shows loss of traceability
ame process may be used on other electron multipliers using the beryllium dynode geometry.
The wet-chemistry method is effective for production of very high specific activity 211At/211gPo, characterized by a radionuclidic purity close
s the analysis of ―hot‖ particles containing actinides has become of great interest for risk assessments of contaminated areas, nuclear forens
neutron fission of uranium-235 or plutonium-239 and other materials are distinct from each other and from natural ruthenium isotopic abunda
EA reviews the data and based on the results determines if the facility is in compliance with its declaration. In support of this mission a rapid
m while allowing the matrix element components to be diverted to waste. The analytes of interest are then stripped and detected in-line by th

ve beta analyses (planchet, swipe, and tape) were performed on International Atomic Energy Agency Certified Reference Materials (IAEA CR
, Sc, Se, Sm, Th and Zn) elements were determined by short (1 min) and long (1 d) term thermal neutron irradiations at 1013 n cm -2 s-1 fol
study the root response to variations in nutrient and moisture status along the soil profile under field conditions.
rom other alkaline earth elements using the tertiary pyridine resin with the methanol nitric acid solution.
d. The practical solution as implemented in Kayzero for Windows will be presented.
by alpha-particles from a cyclotron. A known amount of the 95mTc was spiked to the sample, then Tc in the sample was pre-concentrated by

a Spectroscopy Portal Monitor. This standard defines detection levels and response characteristics for the system for energies from 59 keV
time, in several aspects of detector performance on a pulse-by-pulse basis, which is not possible in the old analog environment. In the past,
detectors have made possible the construction of low weight, portable HPGe spectrometers with sufficient efficiency to perform the needed m
cidence or anti-coincidence mode to detect different gammas of interest. Using these methods, a thorough understanding was obtained abo
search by design: starting with a required detection probability and false alarm rate, how do we search neither too little, nor too much? We wi
oms in their excited state, and undergo de-excitation through Auger and radiative transitions. The energy of muonic X-rays produced in such

ilor a series of efficient chemical separations, allowing the rapid quantification of signature isotopes in samples. This project is part of a larg
a handheld identifier before because of system constraints. The planned hardware and software algorithms will be discussed.
h has the additional benefit of maintaining the unique micro-sample handling techniques required for TIMS filament loading chemistry. Both c
state form readily. Initial TIMS measurements of the electrodeposited technetium in the presence of a barium sulfate ionization enhancer su
determined the elementals concentrations in bone, in several regions of femur samples. It was used six samples, measured in triplicate, in di

nd liquid scintillation counting were used for 99Tc analyses, and ICP-MS and accelerator mass spectrometry methods were used to measur

ontrolling the release and transport of actinides from melt glass, glass dissolution experiments on nuclear melt glass were conducted. The g
s a modified Automated Radioxenon Sampling and Analysis (ARSA) system. Proof of principle measurements at a Hanford Site liquid waste
ronment. Because potential leakage pathways are not necessarily know a priori, onsite monitoring must be performed; the monitoring region
de electron multipliers or Daly detectors can be used to simultaneously monitor each isotope. A concept is presented for a thermal ionizatio

hases involved (flotate, water, residue) was measured using EDXRS with different spectrometry setups, among these a miniaturised mobile
chain is discussed with regard to the mean contents of natural radioactivity in Austrian soils.
his project is utilizing a systematical engineering experimental design, which tries to narrow down and isolate the source of contamination fro
in individual households had on mitigating the problem. NIST was contacted by the State of Maryland and provided additional radiochemical
ng agents. Nuclide-specific resins added to the container separate and concentrate the analyte(s) of interest by mass action. The retention
expected. The NELAP PT Radiochemistry subcommittee has been evaluating establishing upper bounds to the uncertainties reported by the
mmerce. SRMs are key tools for verifying important measurement results, developing new measurement methods, and providing users with
o create a standard human body phantom, to validate its theoretical efficiency based on a comparison of the Monte Carlo computation with t
ncentration approximate those values observed for the wild-type. Other elements, (Na, K and Rb), show a cell-death related elevation in the
37Np and 239Np, co-precipitation and extraction chromatography techniques were used to chemically separate Np. Final sources used for b

e, we performed multiple tests to compare the detection ability and variance of SDAT results to those of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) sof

al method for establishing atomic number. Some of the constraints on the chemical systems that are valid for exploring chemical properties w
his integration for selected systems will be presented. A description of the analytical methods for separations and tracing will be presented fo
enies. Monte Carlo simulations have shown that the dominating background component is due to cosmic muons, therefore an effective anti-
volt bias to the source plate. However, the Cartesian diver approach is not very practical in large-scale applications. Several vendors have a
angles involved in the problem. MCNPX(TM) (version 2.5.0) has implemented variance reduction for pulse height tallies (via importance spli
ce with the oim mutation were evaluated using thermal and fast neutron activation analysis. Tibias from wildtype (WT), heterozygous (+/oim)

8MeV. By chance, this measure also decreases the production rate of 15O in comparison to that of 30P. Preliminary experiments resulted in
same time, produce weighting factors from a look-up table, to perform dead-time and pileup-corrected multi-channel analysis. Up to now, a c
rcumference of a segment and then use software to extrapolate the composition to the center. (References will be provided on poster). The
e well to both previous measurements and prior theory and also suggest a dependence on incident neutron energy and mass of the fissioning
mm of polyethylene with boric acid, 1 mm of cadmium, 1 mm of copper and 10 mm of plexiglass. The top of the shield is strengthened by add
orrelated (r2 > 0.90) with dietary Se in every Hg supplementation group and good correlation (r2 > 0.80) is observed between dietary MeHg a
vailability of Th and U was estimated by the concentrations of these elements in DTPA extracts. Thorium and U DTPA-concentrations were

ermal ionization mass spectrometric measurement techniques developed from 1997-2006 that enabled LANL to simplify chemical processing
on levels exceed pre-programmed limits. The instrument is powered by rechargeable batteries with a minimum of 8-hours of operation. The
pic enrichments and configurations using the manufacturer's spectral analysis firmware. Additional off-line methods for analyzing the spectra
239 by AMS at the Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator (VERA) facility. An overview on the isotopic vector of the samples will be give

re Fe, Sc and Sm was evaluated with NIST filter standards, revealing results with an agreement of ± 10%. Therefore, this method was used
and the public. Using three NaI(Tl) detectors and one HPGe detector 108,000 gamma spectra were acquired in intervals of five seconds. Al
tribution offset in the 30 keV region for 133Xe, and the correct spike at low energies in the 133Xe beta distributions.

mical separation to remove the isobaric interferences from other rare earth elements. This presentation will discuss the comparison of burn
xperimental results will be compared to the "true" age of the Co source.
ash grains, pumice lapilli). Interestingly, these layers have the highest content of Ba, analyzed using neutron activation analysis. Additionally
ashes from contamination of solvents by using activated ashes offers a hands on approach to the problem above. Several samples of known

awater with a smaller sample volume of around 10 L for shallow waters (< 1000 m). However, sensitivity of 137Cs determination is not enou
ctically invisible. Using this ―invisible container method‖, many low cross-section materials can be measured with PGAA, even when they are
products. To reduce and ultimately eliminate the risk associated with a Category II nuclear facility, the Building 251 Risk Reduction Program
n highly talented African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Native Americans in the area of radiochemistry and related fields across the na
2002. In the second program, Colorado State University, the University of Texas at Austin, Clemson University, and Washington State Unive
e used short, medium and long lived NAA in conjunction with epithermal irradiations and Compton suppression to determine many trace con

umic acid, and several model compounds. The incorporation of iodine into NOM has been verified by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass sp
and measurement of the residual energy as they exit the sample. Two specific samples were measured at NIST as well as at the University o

tensively at former nuclear test sites in the Marshall Islands for preconcentration of 137Cs in water samples collected on plate lysimeters. At
current shielding consists of iron, borated water, boric acid, and cerrabend, a low melting point alloy (Bi 50%, Pb 26.70%, Sn 13.3%, and Cd
imes, it is not applicable for all lattice cases. MCNP5 was utilized to model an inelastic neutron scattering in-situ soil analysis system. The ta
e NaI detectors. In our preliminary results we observed that after 106 shakes (0.01 s) virtually all the neutrons have either escaped the syste
areas constructed on former tin-mining areas with particular reference to places with high human activities such as commercial areas. Air s
eas the reduced level of meso-pores and macro-pores are comparable with that of a commercial one. The dispersion of HFO is speculated fr
eas the reduced level of meso-pores and macro-pores are comparable with that of a commercial one. The dispersion of HFO is speculated fr

the isotopic composition of the uranium, as determined by mass spectrometry techniques, the ratio of half-lives of U-238 and U-235 was de
ore than 130 units of milk powder were distributed to 62 laboratories in all Member States and Candidate Countries of the European Union. P
uals aged 50-80 years and living in the São Paulo Metropolitan region. The hair samples were washed four times with each of the following s
A) followed by gamma ray spectrometry was applied in these analyses and the elements Ca, Cl, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr and Zn were determined. De
ung gamma-rays transmitted through shield samples of varying thickness. Detectors were used in both pulse height and multichannel scalin
of this method. The chemical yield was from 63 to 85%, and the 99Tc concentration in five samples was good agreement with the spiked va
dependent on the assay of a sufficient signal above background, the latter being defined 1) by blank contributions to the signal, and 2) by the
to the specific systematic variability in the gamma-ray spectra of a field environment. The integral component of the SCR algorithm is the lo
was due to high activity of nucleae bomb test at air from 1960's and showed different distribution pattern of soil surface. Radionuclide activitie
m could be geographically assigned to a definitive production site or region. It will be shown how these results illuminate the importance of dif

%. The concentration of stable isotopes of Ag and Cu in the final solution (10 ml) were measured by an ICP-OES method and found to be 2
out this separation, a high-performance liquid chromatorgraphic (HPLC) method, previously developed for this purpose (Schwantes et al., In

determined. The latter is clearly underestimated in many cases. Whereas in recent years more attention is being paid to traceability of results
ons, such as decay-heat, absorbed dose etc. will also be affected.
beam excitation are identified (40K, Gd, Er, Dy, Yb, 179Hf, 188Os, 201Hg). The short-lived continuously activated sources and the correspo
s using a simple search. The code under discussion works well when the product of the ratio of the blank count time to the sample count tim
urity quartz was used to contain samples, and high purity quartz spacers were used to separate the vanadium planchets during the irradiatio

th associated 95% confidence interval concentrations in ng/m3 are: As (0.384 ± 0.88), K (50.0 ± 194), La (0.051 ± .0251), Na (61.9 ± 421), S
tivitamin supplementation. The preliminary analysis of Mn results does not indicate a significant correlation between toenail levels and multiv
d from 0.457 A/cm2 to 0.606 A/cm2, allowing for a reduced deposition time while still achieving good results. Quantitative yields with associ
hased and tested at the Radiation Science and Engineering Center at Penn State University. The PSU-CSS includes a reverse bias HPGe
emiconductor detector, mostly either one of surface barrier detector (SBD), passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detector, or silicon PI
n screened or analyzed in support of international safeguards, internal process control for actinide separations, and in uranium contamination
rodynamic diameters greater than 1 mm. These differences in aerosol sizes are quite fortuitous because they allow aerosol aerodynamic di

chemistry Education Award Program. The PSU radiochemistry program primarily addresses radiochemistry education and secondarily nucle
on alarms, particularly those arising from the normal cargo stream of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM), commercial radioactiv
are computationally intensive, requiring an exact-statistics approach, but are practical with today's microcomputer capablities.
using U/TEVA•Spec resins. The U/TEVA•Spec method is used to separate fission products and recover both uranium and plutonium in the s
et of reactor monitoring tools available to the IAEA and other safeguards agencies with minimal footprint and impact on reactor operations. P
ns in biota (plankton, benthos and fish) of the lake showed approximately 105 PMC, and the difference among biota was small.
th external beams of the cyclotrons of Debrecen, Brussels and Sendai up to 80 MeV. The investigation includes a few hundred reactions ind
pared with the results of the theoretical model code ALICE-IPPE and with the experimental integral yield reported in the literature. The applic
o this peculiarity, therefore, sediments reflect both past and present conditions of a given water body, providing a detailed and immediate pict
etermination of the kinetic stability of the yttrium complexes via FISRE was carried out in two modes, namely by following dissociation as we
e DQOs. The MQOs represent a compromise between precise analytical determinations and the timeliness necessary for emergency respon

were then evaluated using two approaches, the external flow marker dilution rate by compartmental model and the indigestible food (IDF) po
nted. The Information Release (IR) request for document PNNL-SA-47796 has been approved by all the reviewers.
ly, these injection studies have the source counts allocated equally over all detectors and do not attempt to correlate the injected source dist
out to be a mixture of certain sugars and agar. More detailed studies are supposed to reveal, which of the two substances is responsible for t
eparated from 239Pu by anion exchange chromatography and deposited on platinum foils using NH4Cl electrodeposition. The second meth

pared to the low energy cutoff of cadmium due to the 1/e absorption. The affect of the measurement precision on the determination is discu
ng analysis and calibration measurement is supported. The current version 1.1 of LINSSI contains 32 tables and 529 fields. It is operated in L
were artificially added to these spectra. By inspection of the sizes of the missed peaks, only 4 nuclides were left unidentified because a peak
aqueous solutions and alarm trigger at a lower sorbed activity than it would be the case for the conventional method. The minimum detectabl
untered in the assay of modest amounts of plutonium using highly efficient multiplicity counters were beyond the capacity of readily available
sence of a small amount of 210At does facilitate radiochemical processing of irradiated target, because 211At/211gPo is an almost pure a e
system was used to stabilize and to minimize the unstable background gamma-spectra induced from rodon and its progeny nuclides in meas
r costs have prevented the displacement of ZnO by organic zinc supplements. To study zinc uptake in situ we have developed a model base
upra-nutritional (or pharmacological) selenium intake, generally achieved through supplementation, for optimal protection against some chro
te gamma-rays produced by different nuclear reactions (inelastic scattering, thermal neutron capture, delayed activation, etc.) by a time-reso
sues such as quality control. Both the elements and their compounds are useful for an extremely wide variety of applications in chemistry a
has developed a new miniature deuterium-deuterium (D+D) neutron generator that outputs ~ 4x109 neutrons/second. It is self-replenishing a
g agents of choice for our application were peptides and peptoids (N-substituted glycines). Peptoids are closely related to their natural peptid
cintillation detector makes it possible to reduce or eliminate the regulatory shipping requirements for an effective infield calibration source. Fu
nal counter made of the material under examination is employed, and the resulting analysis of achievable surface contamination levels is pre
amma fluxes that exit the beam port. The fast neutron PGAA facility that utilizes the filtered beam has been modeled with the Monte-Carlo c
xtraction experiment. Formation of orange-red uranyl-AHA complex was observed immediately after AHA addition. Intensity of the color decr
A. In particular, the kinetics of reduction of Ce(IV) and the subsequent complexation of Ce(III) with AHA is very fast, while for the other metal
-rays from trace elements are strongly interfered by the gamma-rays from major elements, e.g., 24Na, 56Mn. So usually chemical separatio
tion of the detector, taking into consideration cost and reliability factors. Unforeseen construction problems will be discussed. Calibration an
he electrochemical permeation of hydrogen and its isotopes through a membrane that splits the cell in two compartments. First batch electro
tillation counting. The resin contains a combination of several extractants supported on an inert polymeric substrate. It shows strong affinity f

uth germanium oxide crystals (BGO). Neutron beam is surrounded by enriched 6LiF tiles at sample position. ADC-DSP DAQ system and sof
eviation. In tests of selected devices, the variation ranged typically around 20 percent with an occasional "flyer" (four percent of yearly measu

al one. It is shown in this paper that a proper choice of an artificially introduced dead time will give a system that has the possibility to be cha
241Am/241Pu ratio corresponded well with the actual ages of all the materials. The ages derived from the 236U/240Pu ratio were in agreem
ounting time and detection limit. For a given number of samples the model predicts and minimises the analysis time by optimising the ingrow
enhanced event characterization. Concern for the long-term reliability and serviceability of the BNL electronics motivated the development o
e laser. Throughout the process, carbon evolved and (or) combusted to CO2 is reduced to CH4 and quantified using a flame ionization dete
ed using the Savannah River National Laboratory‘s Neutron Activation Analysis facility. Methodologies used to decrease the Sr-90 analyses t
ese separations are determined by neutron activation of the stable carrier. For some elements, no suitable stable carriers exist. In some of th
material. FCP samples were taken at different heights of 5 fuel channels within the reactor core of power unit 2 of the Chernobyl NPP, being

efficiencies are calculated and reported for all gammas and X-rays emitted by a requested radionuclide. The DLL was tested by comparing i

ence of neutron-absorbing irradiation products (poisons) that reduce the fuel's ability to achieve criticality. A wide array of actinide and fission
rticle spectrometry and mass spectrometry.
e the quality of secondary standard measurements.
al solution‘, Appl. Radiat. Isot., 61, (2004), 367–372 (2) Bateman, H., ‗The solution of a system of differential equati
ried out by a wholly separate sucessor organisation to NAMAS, the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS). The RMG's scope of acc
specrometry, g-ray spectrometry, liquid scintillation counting and mass spectrometry. The data gathered by NPL to date allows the comparis
e ionsation chamber in Paris; development of new fission product separation techniques; generation of syringe calibration factors for medica
nitric acid after a two-step column cleaning with distilled deionized water and 0.1M acetic acid solution. This simple and easy method has be
are the projections for the field of Nuclear Science as a whole over the coming decade and how are current research funding profiles impac
pped with an experimental facility specialized in measurement of ultra low levels of natural and artificial radioactivity, using above all gamma
hly enriched 240Pu, and 242Pu. Thus far, we have electrodeposited these actinide targets. In the future, we plan to study reductive distillati
ed lead compounds will be used to generate their preliminary ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) profile in t
cility for such instruments at present. A UK primary standard and monitor calibration service are needed to ensure that such measurements a
t the lead shielding in conventional mode (A). Then the same procedure was repeated with the lead shield (B). A third counting was done u

ith thermal neutrons. The method is rapid (3 minutes), sensitive (sub-nanogram detection limit), and nondestructive. A DNAA system has be
ethods, particularly multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS), has continued to improve the quality of urani
cific correction factor is to exploit the differential attenuation between a set of gamma lines of known relative emission intensity. In the case o

dual-isotope solvers. Therefore, it requires much more computational power than our previous solvers and is not suitable for use on older mo
m the PIXE-Tomography analysis can be used to argue for more stringent procedures for hair analysis at the University of Surrey.
Cu levels (μg/g) in airborne PM10 (from remote areas) had shown values, one magnitude higher in contrast to the main road-sites (and four t
opic ratios measurements were also investigated. We demonstrated that the Thermo "X7" ICP-MS exhibits excellent performance and is thu
on to the critical discussion of several concepts (e.g., carrier, specific activity, activity concentration, isotope exchange, speciation of carrier fo
s approach offers the distinct advantage over conventional ion exchange sample processing in that it employs a single sample preparation fo
dition, solutions to challenges unique to operating and maintaining stations installed in harsh and remote environments such as the arctic, An
s an inherent link between effectiveness of the instrumentation and the total costs. Furthermore, countermeasures are directed at preventin
the MCA controls the HVPS and employs a gain stabilization scheme that does not require embedded radioactive sources or light pulsers.
lian milks. Bovine fluid milk was acquired in the local market of Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. The milk samples were freeze-dried and analy

of insoluble materials like ceramics, metals, soils etc. enables without any pre-treatment to reach highest sensitivity and selectivity. MALD
ent. This work used the general-purpose Monte Carlo code MCNPX to model the Varian Clinac 2100C linac with 18MV photon beams. Simu
sis for food programmes suited to the local needs and conditions. Therefore, in this work two staple foods consumed by children from a num
nd applying them in the context of BNCT. The photoneutron components emitted by the accelerator is the source for Monte Carlo simulations

he bioavailability and toxicity of an element depends strongly on its chemical species, and iodine is no exception. However, not much work h
m-Se (17.4 s, 161.9 keV). The overall uncertainties associated with the analytical method have been evaluated. The details of the methods d
e. pH=8.5, [PAN/TAN]=1 x 10-4 M, [PONPE-20]=0.1% (wt), ionic strength=0.05 M KNO3, T=40oC) and preconcentration of 20-30 mL of sam
re utilized. A drawback with many procedures is the sometimes poor selectivity and the addition of interfering agents that have to be remove

from targeted materials and reduce the nuisance alarm rate. An overview of the utilization of the energy information from plastic scintilllator

Mg, Mn, Rb, Sb, Sc, and Zn by neutron activation using the Dalhousie University SLOWPOKE-2 reactor (DUSR) facility in Canada, and the Ky

nd 232Th series decay products were investigated. The activity results obtained were compared with those determined by a relative method u
determined in soil samples collected from different locations in Japan, including Nishiyama area of Nagasaki-city. The 240Pu/239Pu ratios w
n from molecular fragment. In case of soil samples, we used less than one gram of sample to detect background level of 129I, i.e. 129I /127

ío Verde. Their values herefound, absolute and normalized, are well correlated with sediments of a wetland to them related.
do not require bulky and cumbersome photomultiplier tubes, in contrast to scintillators. Three-photon positron annihilation has been recently
importance, this study also focuses on the Atlantic Forest of the Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho (PECB) as an impressive reservoir of chem
g) and when applying a high alternating current (up to 30 A) between working and counter electrode, centrifugal force and heat-generated f
Pu, 239+240Pu, and 241Am and then stored. We have reanalyzed some of those soils more than 25 years later using an alternative approa
n and alpha induced reactions were studied on Rh, Pd, Ag and Cd targets. Numerous excitation functions were measured up to 80 MeV. Als
d to stimulate interest in radiochemistry among promising Clemson University undergraduates and minority students from South Carolina St
the determination of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in cattails using thermal neutron prompt gamma activation analysis (TNPGAA) has b

cal microscopy, auger spectroscopy, electron probe, SEM, XRD, x-ray fluorescence) characterization techniques. Analytical results will be p
chniques that include the material density, particle size distribution, optical microscopy, and elemental composition (Inductively Coupled Plas
re at least three different answers, and a special opportunity for excessive false positives, depending on the way the approximation is emplo
ell as the yields from the electrodeposition process. Comparison of these yields with those from similar experiments utilizing 235U and 243A
sy samples, nail clippins and fur were collected from dogs with chronic hepatitis as well as from healthy animals. Nail clippings were taken f
und with a certain degree of probability. One of these approaches, the ‗top-down method‘, is based on the use of the intra-laboratory reprodu
d conducted experiments to validate a rapid analytical method for analysis of these low-yield isotopes. The information presented will be a co
mples concerning uranium, selenium, potassium, rubidium, and carbon (bulk δ 13C and δ 13C of individual compounds) materials are shown

on refrigerators for user-friendly detector operation at ~0.1K. Our Gamma spectrometers use ~mm3 Sn foil absorbers, and have achieved a

ative ease. Surveys of the reactivity of atomic cations generated by an inductively coupled plasma ion source are being conducted to supplem
gh-resolution alpha-spectrometric measurements, after electrodiposition on stainless steel disks. 242Pu, 243Am and 232U are used as a tra
r‖. Volume activity of 238Pu, 239+240Pu , and 241Am in ground water are n • 10 –4 - n • 10 –1 Bq/dm

onstituents. Samples were taken from a recently drained cooling pond in the Chernobyl exclusion zone. For comparison, sediment from the
e analyses of the Mo-implanted wafers.
and vanadium in lichen thalli and tree bark after continuous and discontinuous field trials at littoral locations impacted by anthro

s resolution. Comparison of INAA and EDXRF resulted in the following: (1) in the curry powder, Mg value obtained by INAA was somewhat o
ture and ITN, respectively. At ITN, epithermal NAA was also applied. Advantages of 1) Compton suppression application to INAA and 2) use
spectra in the 2 MeV to 11.5 MeV region is collected and analyzed for multiple peaks attributed to body C,O,H, and N. Precision for each ele
ut 2 to 8 were achieved over the energy range 400 to 3200 keV. Anticoincidence spectrometry reduced photopeak areas for lines at 847 keV
eased gamma production per unit dose when using the lower energy D-D generator, suggesting that it is the more suitable choice for smaller
in intensity with time were also examined. The search and characterization of materials that exhibit this OSL response, in parallel with the c
nergies of radon daughters, and the distributions are sufficiently resolved to identify the radioisotopes. This method can be useful for estimat
able for the simultaneous purification and separation of 241Am and 239/240Pu. In this work natural uranium could be a serious problem, esp

) and 2.6E-09 cm2 s-1 (Sr-90) and the values determined from lab simulation were 5E-06 cm2 s-1 (Cs-137), 3E-05 cm2 s-1 (U-238) and 1.9
ocedure which could become part of our system's quality assurance. Last but not least a synthetic standard is being designed with special

ination in channels Y4 and S84 of the BR1 reactor. The effective use of the SMELS material is further discussed and demonstrated.
mass fraction of 58 ± 2 mg/kg (uncertainty = 2s based on measurement replication). A sulfur mass fraction of 8.4 ± 0.3 mg/kg (uncertainty
20 kW reactor at the Royal Military College of Canada‘s Slowpoke-2 Facility and suspended against the reactor pool wall for periods from 3

tion but better efficiency than the CZT detectors, appear to permanently solve the inference problem for recycle uranium measurements. In t
u. In this study the accurate determination of radionuclidic purity and half-life of the beta emitter 177gLu used for metabolic radioimmunothera
The digestion process involved the heating of a surrogate mixture to dryness. Samples were taken with and without a worker present durin
ult shows loss of traceability in nuclear data regime.

by a radionuclidic purity close to 100 %. In agreement with the energy of the beam, during the separation some picograms or femtograms of
minated areas, nuclear forensic analyses and IAEA and Euratom safeguards programs. The state-of-the-art standard technique for their ana
al ruthenium isotopic abundance. Thus, isotopic analysis of fission yield ruthenium, molybdenum, palladium and other poly-isotopic element
upport of this mission a rapid and sensitive method for the isolation and determination of total and isotopic uranium and plutonium by ICP/MS
ped and detected in-line by the ICP/MS as a transient signal. Quantitative results are obtained by using analytical tracers, Th-230 for total th

eference Materials (IAEA CRMs) and a variety of foods by using a Tennelec Series 5E Alpha/Beta Analyzer. Five IAEA CRMs and several fo
ations at 1013 n cm -2 s-1 followed by high resolution gamma ray spectrometry. SRMs were used as comparators and for data validation. It i

mple was pre-concentrated by using a TEVA disc (Eichrom Industries, US). After Mo and Ru were removed with an anion exchange resin col

em for energies from 59 keV to 1.3 MeV. To accomplish the necessary performance, several different HPGe detector configurations were mo
og environment. In the past, in designing for the analog regime, flexibility was limited by issues of component size, number and cost. In the d
ency to perform the needed measurements in reasonable count times, without the need for LN2. A mobile system was modified to use a batt
erstanding was obtained about the different fission products and the ratios between them.
o little, nor too much? We will update our search strategy as the search progresses. Each detected nuclear particle is a reason to look longe
onic X-rays produced in such radiative transitions are characteristic of material the muonic atom was formed in. Combining data from all of th

This project is part of a larger effort to refine the laborious and time-consuming series of radiochemical separations traditionally used to iso
l be discussed.
ent loading chemistry. Both chemical and electrochemical oxidation methods were utilized and parameters were optimized for maximizing b
sulfate ionization enhancer suggest the potential for excellent sensitivity. Efforts to spatially align the barium sulfate deposit for maximum ove
s, measured in triplicate, in different ages, with and without ethanol treatment. The samples were placed in the experimental setup, irradiated

ethods were used to measure 129I. In this presentation, we will discuss the distribution of these radionuclides in the nuclear test cavity envir

lass were conducted. The glass alteration material was characterized using radiography, scanning electron microscopy and transmission el
at a Hanford Site liquid waste disposal site showed xenon-133 at levels in soil gas are approximately 16,000 times the detection limit and low
ormed; the monitoring region in the vicinity of a CO2 injection well (2) may be as large as 100 km2, which represents the estimated size of a
sented for a thermal ionization instrument capable of simultaneous measurement of seven isotopes in the 240 dalton mass range.

these a miniaturised mobile spectrometer equipped with a small, electrically cooled CdTe diode for low energy photon spectrometry.. The af

e source of contamination from sixteen different variables that occurs throughout the experimental process. The potential sources of conta
ded additional radiochemical analyses that were instrumental in addressing both situations. Non-destructive gamma spectrometry and gross
y mass action. The retention of various target nuclides is a function of acid, denaturing agent and resin(s). The resin(s) is (are) retain
uncertainties reported by the laboratories based on recent historical results being collected by the PT Provider for a limited number of drinki
ds, and providing users with tools to assist in establishing traceability of measurement results to NIST. The standard reference material (SR
onte Carlo computation with the experimentally measured efficiency, and to calibrate existing phantoms. A Bottle Manikin Absorption (BOMA
death related elevation in the cerebella but only in weaver. Their time course, seen in Lurcher, roughly follows the pattern observed in the wild
Np. Final sources used for both gamma and alpha spectrometry were prepared by co-precipitation of Np with 50 µg of Nd as NdF3. Calibrat

rcial-off-the-shelf (COTS) software which utilizes a standard peak search algorithm. In the first test, small 137Cs peaks were superimposed

xploring chemical properties when only a few atoms at a time are available and recent developments in instrumentation will be reviewed. The
nd tracing will be presented for fission product analysis.
s, therefore an effective anti-cosmic shielding is required when measuring present levels of radionuclides in the environment. Characteristics
ons. Several vendors have added adaptations of this approach to commercially available instrumentation, but there are many situations whe
ght tallies (via importance splitting), which when combined with source biasing, allows large scale problems to be evaluated in a timely manne
e (WT), heterozygous (+/oim) and homozygous (oim/oim) animals were subjected to four INAA experiments using the MURR pneumatic-tube

nary experiments resulted in 20.000 cts/mg P after 10 irradiations above a near-zero background, compared with only 3 cts/mgO. This ratio
nnel analysis. Up to now, a common look-up table has been used for all events corresponding, in conventional Loss-Free Counting, to one c
be provided on poster). The device dimensions and its application will be presented. The path of the gamma emissions through the column
gy and mass of the fissioning nucleus. An overview of the experiment, a discussion of the results, and the importance of this work to homel
shield is strengthened by additional 100 mm of iron. The inner dimensions of the shield are 800x900x1700 mm, and the total weigth is aroun
rved between dietary MeHg and nail Hg concentration in the three Se groups. The mean nail Se concentration in the 15 ppm Hg group was l
DTPA-concentrations were low or very low, 7.9 and 0.27 mg kg-1, respectively.

simplify chemical processing while at the same time obtaining lower limits of detection for plutonium in urine.
of 8-hours of operation. The data acquisition and display unit weighs ~20 ounces and is housed in a shock-proof and water resistant case. T
ods for analyzing the spectra are evaluated to determine the absolute detection limits. Suggested improvements to the existing spectral anal
tor of the samples will be given and the capabilities and detection limits achievable will be discussed.

efore, this method was used as an important tool for the identification of these events.
n intervals of five seconds. All measurement and analysis data were stored in the LINSSI database. Presence of certain radionuclides, such

cuss the comparison of burn-up calculation based on the determination of the fission products Tc, La, Pr, and Ce by ICP-MS vs. the historica

ivation analysis. Additionally to this discovery, hedgehog-like idiomorphic baryte crystals were found in some of these layers. Thus, Ba must
ve. Several samples of known composition of volcanic ashes have been activated and leached with different solvents and solutions, aiming to

Cs determination is not enough for deep waters because of interference due to the presence of trace amount of 40K in AMP precipitation. In
h PGAA, even when they are stored in higher cross-section containers, e.g. noble gases in aluminum cans. However, in many practical case
51 Risk Reduction Program was initiated by the Environmental Protection Department. One of the goals of the Risk Reduction Program was
nd related fields across the nation; (2) to assist the nation in preparing first responders to nuclear emergencies such as radiological dispersio
and Washington State University received support with similar goals to the initial program. And, as of last year REAP III began with funds go
to determine many trace concentrations. This database may be of important significance in understanding the therapeutic aspects of medici

gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Model compound studies indicate that reduction of iodate to IOH may result from reactio
as well as at the University of Texas at Austin. The first sample consisted of multiple layers of phosphosilicate glass followed by borosilicate

lected on plate lysimeters. At pump rates of < 2 liters per minute, the ZrFeCN cartridge collections exhibit a very high efficiency for cesium up
b 26.70%, Sn 13.3%, and Cd 10%). The shielding has been found to be effective in eliminating neutrons below 0.5 eV. However, neutrons w
u soil analysis system. The tallies were used to calculate the reaction rates of fast neutron interactions with carbon via ine
ave either escaped the system, defined as a soil volume of 200 cm2 by 50 cm deep, or have been absorbed. Results will be presented indic
h as commercial areas. Air samples were collected using the RDX-013 scintillator cell and the quantity of 222Rn determined by the RDA-200
rsion of HFO is speculated from the higher level of Fe(III) content and from the deposition of agglomerated HFO in the submicron scale insid
rsion of HFO is speculated from the higher level of Fe(III) content and from the deposition of agglomerated HFO in the submicron scale insid

s of U-238 and U-235 was determined via the activity ratio of U-234 and U-235. Preliminary results on one material confirm the half-life ratio w
ies of the European Union. Participating laboratories were mainly national competent authorities and research institutes. The exercise was d
es with each of the following solutions: Triton X100, acetone and purified water. Concentrations of the elements As, Br, Ca, Cl, Cr, Cu, Fe, K,
and Zn were determined. Dentine and enamel result comparisons between both the adult and child group are being done. Element concentr
eight and multichannel scaling analysis modes for energy spectra determination and half-life verification, respectively. Experimental results w
agreement with the spiked value. Using this method, 99Tc is analyzed within 24 hours, and the detection limit is 0.01Bq/kg (dry soil) for 10g s
ns to the signal, and 2) by the background in the gamma-ray spectrum. INAA blanks are minimized by sample encapsulation in synthetic qua
of the SCR algorithm is the location of the energy bins, and we discuss the statistical methods used for choosing these locations along with th
surface. Radionuclide activities did not showed correlation with grain size. The average activity ratio of Pu-240/Pu-239 and Np-237/Pu-239 w
uminate the importance of different workshops by determining the range of the ceramic classes produced for local needs as well as for regio

ES method and found to be 2.2 and < 0.3 ppm, respectively. 2 M HCl containing H2O2 was used for adsorption of Cd and elution of Ag and C
urpose (Schwantes et al., In Press), was used. To date, the separation and purification step is nearly complete and expected to yield a final p

g paid to traceability of results and comprehensiveness of the uncertainty budget, there is no common procedure on how to achieve realistic u

ed sources and the corresponding Mössbauer nuclei (153Er, 166Er, 175Lu, 186Os, 191,192Ir, 195Pt, 197Au) can also be used in beam. Lon
time to the sample count time with the expected blank count in the sample count time is not greater than 100.0. This restriction to lower le
lanchets during the irradiation. Results of the experiments to evaluate and verify the method are described. Also, a thin film barrier was tes

± .0251), Na (61.9 ± 421), Sm (0.00928 ± .072), Au (0.00154 ± 0.149), Br (1.06 ± 1.5), Ce (0.164 ± 0.969), Co (0.0399 ± 0.122), Cr (0.479 ±
ween toenail levels and multivitamin intake. There is, however, a strong correlation between concentrations of Mn and potential contaminatio
Quantitative yields with associated uncertainties have been determined for the NaHSO4-Na2S2O4 electrolyte. It has also been shown that sh
cludes a reverse bias HPGe detector, four annulus NaI(Tl) detectors, a NaI(Tl) plug detector, detector shields, data acquisition electronics, a
(PIPS) detector, or silicon PIN photodiode. The detection mechanism in semiconductor detectors introduces additional uncertainties in the m
and in uranium contamination assessments. Swipes from a variety of sources have been analyzed either before or after dissolution and com
allow aerosol aerodynamic diameter to be utilized as a physical property to separate aerosols of natural origin from those produced in a nucle

ucation and secondarily nuclear and radiochemistry research. The education program consists of bolstering our existing radiochemistry and r
ORM), commercial radioactive sources, and individuals treated with medical radiopharmaceuticals. The goal for improved RPM systems is to
er capablities.
anium and plutonium in the samples from dissolver solutions. The results of plutonium concentrations and isotopic compositions and uranium
pact on reactor operations. Possible benefits from this approach include the ability to compare direct measurements of composition with dec
biota was small.
s a few hundred reactions induced on the following 28 target elements: Al, Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, E
d in the literature. The application of the new cross-sections for analytical purposes, for production of tracers in thin layer activation wear stu
a detailed and immediate picture of local pollution history. On the other side, water bodies support complex communities of living organisms
y following dissociation as well as association reactions. The extractions were performed with minimised free ligand concentrations and a sur
essary for emergency response activities. Minimum Detectable Concentration (MDC), Lower Limit of Detection (LLD), and Critical Level (Lc

the indigestible food (IDF) pool dilution rate . Four groups of 10 hens each were fed a particular marked meal with fecal droppings monitore

elate the injected source distributions with actual cargo location. To make algorithm testing reflective of actual environments, an effort has b
ubstances is responsible for the enrichment of tritium and the results will be presented. These experimental results will then be compared to
deposition. The second method used an alpha recoil method in which a target of 239Pu and 241Pu was prepared and 235mU and 237U we

on the determination is discussed, particularly with respect to utilizing the Er-170 isotope to predict beginning of life concentrations for the e
529 fields. It is operated in Linux using MySQL; however, the scripts are ODBC compliant. The experience with LINSSI consists of analyses
unidentified because a peak above decision limit was left undetected. Additionally, an incorrect identification was made for 19 detected anthr
hod. The minimum detectable activity is 0.096 Bq (± 0.04 Bq) for the 3-sigma chart, 0.089 Bq (± 0.01 Bq) for CUSUM and 0.092 Bq (± 0.03
e capacity of readily available personnal computers. The calibration of the Large Epithermal Neutron Multiplicity Counter (LEMC) for assay of
211gPo is an almost pure a emitter. The activity measured has confirmed that the irradiation conditions can be set up in order to obtain high
its progeny nuclides in measuring chamber. The alpha-emitting impurities in high purity silica and pulverizing alumina ball were analyzed by
have developed a model based on a multi-stage digestion followed by exposure to intestinal brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) harves
protection against some chronic diseases. In addition to the known selenium determinants such as diet, supplementation, cigarette smoking
ctivation, etc.) by a time-resolved analysis that further subdivided the neutron source cycle. In this paper we present a gating system for time
of applications in chemistry and materials science, including applications that are dependent on the elements' magnetic, electronic, and phys
econd. It is self-replenishing and low power and maximizes the use of monatomic D+ that, in turn, maximizes neutron intensity. The LBNL PG
related to their natural peptide counterparts, but differ chemically in that their sidechains are appended to nitrogen atoms along the molecule
e infield calibration source. Furthermore it will provides a near 100% beta gated gamma source in a small compact package. Lanthanum-Tri-
ce contamination levels is presented. PNNL-SA-47798
deled with the Monte-Carlo code MCNP. The MCNP PGAA spectra of SRM standard materials are used for comparison to experimental PG
on. Intensity of the color decreases with increased acidity of aqueous phase because of a higher rate of hydrolysis of AHA.
fast, while for the other metals studied, the complexation of the tetravalent species with AHA is the dominating process. Acetohydroxamic ac
So usually chemical separation processes are required to eliminate the major elements for determination of the trace elements. But using thi
be discussed. Calibration and testing results of the as-built system will also be presented and will be compared to the modeling predictions.
partments. First batch electrolysis experiments are carried out and results will be presented.
rate. It shows strong affinity for Actinides in the tri-, tetra- and hexavalent oxidation state, as well as for Radium, out of acidified aqueous solu

DC-DSP DAQ system and software were developed. The cross-talk effect of Clover detectors is improved by data sorting. The background re
(four percent of yearly measurements) that could be as much as 500 percent higher. Overall, other tests of measurement devices found tha

has the possibility to be charachterised to a much lower uncertainty compared to ratio-based dead time determinations. Ultimately, the impa
U/240Pu ratio were in agreement for the IRMM materials, but for IAEA367 the determination of 236U was interfered from abundance sensitiv
time by optimising the ingrowth and counting time in order to reach a detection limit fit for purpose.
motivated the development of a next-generation system using commercial off- the-shelf electronics. The only custom electronics in the entire
using a flame ionization detector. Any charring of organics is corrected for based on changes in the filter transmission. Select filters repres
ecrease the Sr-90 analyses turn-around times of the current Eichrom Sr resin extraction method will be discussed.
le carriers exist. In some of these cases, the source has been used to generate radioactive tracers to yield these separations. Modern analy
of the Chernobyl NPP, being under the initial stage of decommissioning. The samples were subject to gamma-spectrometry and radiochemi

LL was tested by comparing its results with experimental data and results of the analogous calculations with help of MCNP code.

e array of actinide and fission-product isotopes in light-water-reactor fuel specimens having >70 GWd/MTU burnup were measured. Uranium

a system of differential equations, occurring in the theory of radioactive decay‘, Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc., 15, (1910), 423–427
S). The RMG's scope of accreditation has also changed considerably over the years and this will be discussed with a forward look over the n
L to date allows the comparison of these different techniques and how laboratories employing them fared in the proficiency test exercises NP
calibration factors for medically important radionculides; the validation of Cerenkov counting techniques in support of radionuclide metrology.
mple and easy method has been applied to the analysis of water reference materials as well as natural water samples. The detection limits a
search funding profiles impacting education? These are a few of the issues which will be addressed.
vity, using above all gamma ray spectrometry. It must be emphasized that gamma ray spectrometry of natural radionuclides is complementa
an to study reductive distillation to achieve homogeneous, adherent targets on thin metal foils and polymer backings. As we move forward, s
etion, and toxicity) profile in their preclinical microdosing studies using ultra-sensitive accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). This emerging d
re that such measurements are accurate and traceable. A system of gas flow proportional counters, already established at the National Phys
A third counting was done using the Compton suppression system and the Pb shield (C). A background reduction factor of approximately 3

ctive. A DNAA system has been installed at the 20-MW D2O reactor at the NIST Center for Neutron Research near Washington, DC. This sy
o improve the quality of uranium-series studies. MC-ICPMS instruments have only recently been applied for uranium-series analyses, and s
ission intensity. In the case of routine measurements of drummed Pu wastes the choice of lines is often limited, the most appropriate often b

ot suitable for use on older model handheld identifiers. MIMBS can be run on a personal desktop or laptop computer to analyze spectra down
niversity of Surrey.
he main road-sites (and four times higher (in magnitude) to diesel levels). The average total mass loading (μg/m3) of particulates were also m
ellent performance and is thus very suitable for the ultra-trace and isotopic analyses of long-lived actinide isotopes in environmental samples
hange, speciation of carrier form) related to production of radionuclides and labelled chemical entities (i.e., radiopharmaceutical compounds)
single sample preparation for a broader spectrum of target analytes in the final residue prior to ICP/MS analysis.
nments such as the arctic, Antarctic and isolated atolls will be discussed.
res are directed at preventing extremely rare events. This paper will outline the process for calculating the value of a countermeasure as a f
ive sources or light pulsers. A low-power version of the Morpho system may use as little as 0.3W and be powered through its USB-2.0 inter
were freeze-dried and analyzed by k0-INAA. Certified reference materials from National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) and In

tivity and selectivity. MALDI TOF MS offers great advantages for simultaneous analysis of inorganic and organic compounds including isot
h 18MV photon beams. Simulations are carried out for several field sizes from fully closed multileaf collimator and jaws to maximum opening
umed by children from a number of regions in Tanzania (rice and maize flour) have been analysed to determine essential and toxic e
e for Monte Carlo simulations of the interactions that take place within voxel-based phantom of the head .The neutron flux across the head p

n. However, not much work has been published on speciation of iodine in milk, perhaps due to the lack of sensitive methods. We first develo
The details of the methods developed, results obtained, and accuracy of measurement will be presented.
centration of 20-30 mL of sample solution were above 98%. The detection limits of Cd, Cr, and Hg were 6.0, 3.6 and 1.2 ppb, respectively.
gents that have to be removed prior to analysis. For environmental waters some major steps are isolation/removal of U as a hexavalent anion

ation from plastic scintilllator material will be presented, with emphasis on the detection capabilities and potential limitations for sa

facility in Canada, and the Kyoto University reactor in Japan. Details of the method and the result will be presented.

rmined by a relative method using certified solid volume sources prepared by the Radionuclide Metrology Laboratory (RML) of NIPNE. For th
y. The 240Pu/239Pu ratios were in most cases 0.16 to 0.19, excluding samples from Nishiyama area (around 0.03). Vertical variation of the
nd level of 129I, i.e. 129I /127I ratio of <1x10E-10. Concentrations of stable iodine were analyzed by ICP-MS. Using this method we have ana

hem related.
nnihilation has been recently investigated as a novel imaging modality, which demands these crucial semiconductor detector characteristics
impressive reservoir of chemical elements. About 20 elements were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) in leaf, s
al force and heat-generated fluid convection currents will result in the target material to be collected and to be rapidly dissolved at the lower s
r using an alternative approach that is based on a combination of traditional and new radioanalytical techniques. In particular, we are interes
measured up to 80 MeV. Also useful for other applications (TLA, elemental analysis, etc). The thick target yields for 103Pd of the different p
dents from South Carolina State University in order to prepare them for graduate study in radiochemistry. Current research areas are the de
on analysis (TNPGAA) has been developed in the TNPGAA facility at NIST and evaluated through the analysis of SRMs, and compared to t

s. Analytical results will be presented for a test ―unknown‖ sample characterized by this process along with an evaluation of the usefulness o
ion (Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry). Each analysis is performed at the bulk sample level followed by particle fractionati
y the approximation is employed. The issue is made moot by reverting to the exact Poisson formulation, but now although the significance te
ents utilizing 235U and 243Am are discussed as well.
s. Nail clippings were taken from phalanx I (the thumb nail) since this nail is not in contact with the ground, thus minimizing contamina
f the intra-laboratory reproducibility. This approach is much easier for tests for which it is either difficult to establish a full measurement equa
mation presented will be a continuation of work presented at MARC VI. LA-UR-05-9335.
pounds) materials are shown and discussed. The new software was developed to facilitate the quantification of isotopic ratio from various typ

orbers, and have achieved an energy resolution between 50 and 90 eV for Gamma-rays below 122 keV. Our fast-neutron spectrometers use

e being conducted to supplement earlier databases of reaction constants. A significant body of applications has now been reported in the lite
m and 232U are used as a tracers.

mparison, sediment from the Department of Energy‘s Savannah River Site was also examined. A standard selective dissolution scheme targ
pacted by anthro

ed by INAA was somewhat overestimated; fairly good agreemen
pplication to INAA and 2) use of epithermal neutron irradiations are dem
and N. Precision for each element, based on tissue-equivale
ak areas for lines at 847 keV (from Mn-56) and 6
re suitable choice for smaller sized subjects. However, non-uniform signal product
esponse, in parallel with the continued developm
hod can be useful for estimating the radiation d
uld be a serious problem, especially for plutonium anal

-05 cm2 s-1 (U-238) and 1.9E-05 cm2 s-1 (Sr-90). The
being designed with special

d and demonstrated.
.4 ± 0.3 mg/kg (uncertainty
r pool wall for periods from 30 min

uranium measurements. In this report, we are comparin
metabolic radioimmunotherapy is pre
without a worker present during the digestion

picograms or femtograms of At (i.e., some MBq or
ndard technique for their analysis, sec
d other poly-isotopic elements are
um and plutonium by ICP/MS was developed. Th
al tracers, Th-230 for total thorium and U-233

ve IAEA CRMs and several foods were analyzed fo
rs and for data validation. It is observed t

an anion exchange resin column, 99Tc in the sample

ector configurations were modeled usin
ze, number and cost. In the digital domain, the pro
m was modified to use a battery-powered,

ticle is a reason to look longer, while eac
Combining data from all of the processes dis

tions traditionally used to isolate indiv

e optimized for maximizing both
ate deposit for maximum overlap with the tech
experimental setup, irradiated by 1500s and

n the nuclear test cavity environment, comparing

croscopy and transmission electron micr
mes the detection limit and lower level
sents the estimated size of a supercritical CO2
dalton mass range.

photon spectrometry.. The aforementioned material sa

e potential sources of conta
mma spectrometry and gross alpha-beta
resin(s) is (are) retain
for a limited number of drinking water gam
ndard reference material (SRM) of the soil was chosen
e Manikin Absorption (BOMAB) phantom head spiked w
e pattern observed in the wild-type mice. In conclusio
0 µg of Nd as NdF3. Calibrations of (1) the gamma spectrometry sys

s peaks were superimposed on the Compton continuum

entation will be reviewed. The current

environment. Characteristics of single, coincidence, ant
here are many situations where older equ
e evaluated in a timely manner. The results of the calc
ng the MURR pneumatic-tube irradiation fac

th only 3 cts/mgO. This ratio may encourage to use gamma
Loss-Free Counting, to one common dead-time exten
missions through the columnation will be s
ortance of this work to homeland security are given .
and the total weigth is around 18 000 kg. Boric acid and cadmi
n the 15 ppm Hg group was lower than the

of and water resistant case. The technology util
s to the existing spectral analysis algori

f certain radionuclides, such as Co-60, Cs-137 and Ir-192, was analyzed in

Ce by ICP-MS vs. the historical Nd-148 also determined b

these layers. Thus, Ba must exist
vents and solutions, aiming to both

40K in AMP precipitation. In order to remove 40K in AMP precipitation, w
wever, in many practical cases, gammas from the pack
Risk Reduction Program was to accurately characte
uch as radiological dispersion devices;
REAP III began with funds going to Clemson, W
herapeutic aspects of medicinal plants.

o IOH may result from reaction with hydroquinone
glass followed by borosilicate glass

y high efficiency for cesium uptake (>95%) an
0.5 eV. However, neutrons with higher

esults will be presented indicating the
n determined by the RDA-200 radon/thoron d
O in the submicron scale inside pores. The suitability of
O in the submicron scale inside pores. The suitability of

rial confirm the half-life ratio within a few
nstitutes. The exercise was designed to evaluate
As, Br, Ca, Cl, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mn,
eing done. Element concentrations obtained for enamel and
tively. Experimental results were utilized to valid
0.01Bq/kg (dry soil) for 10g soil. This method does no
ncapsulation in synthetic quartz vials t
g these locations along with the decision criteria
u-239 and Np-237/Pu-239 were 0.173 and 0.45. These values we
cal needs as well as for regional and also

of Cd and elution of Ag and Cu. 109Cd was t
and expected to yield a final product approach

e on how to achieve realistic uncert

an also be used in beam. Longer half-life nuclei can be activated in the
. This restriction to lower le
so, a thin film barrier was tested for

(0.0399 ± 0.122), Cr (0.479 ± 3.31), Fe (110 ±
Mn and potential contamination markers, suggesting t
has also been shown that short
ata acquisition electronics, and a data processing computer. The HPGe
dditional uncertainties in the m
e or after dissolution and comparison
om those produced in a nuclear explosion

existing radiochemistry and related courses; Nuclear and Rad
improved RPM systems is to increase the

pic compositions and uranium/plutonium ratios of dissolver solut
ents of composition with decla

Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, Er, Yb,
thin layer activation wear studies a
mmunities of living organisms, typi
and concentrations and a surplus o
(LLD), and Critical Level (Lc) tests can all serve as meas

with fecal droppings monitored for three days. Feca

environments, an effort has been
ults will then be compared to calcu
ed and 235mU and 237U were collected on salt plates, di

life concentrations for the e
h LINSSI consists of analyses of some 400,000 spectra, mostly ai
s made for 19 detected anthropogenic peaks. The artificia
USUM and 0.092 Bq (± 0.03 Bq) for the EWMA ch
Counter (LEMC) for assay of p
set up in order to obtain high activity of 21
umina ball were analyzed by using the
rane vesicles (BBMV) harvested from weanling pigs
mentation, cigarette smoking
esent a gating system for time-resolved
agnetic, electronic, and physical
utron intensity. The LBNL PGAA system also uses a r
en atoms along the molecule's
act package. Lanthanum-Tri-Chlori

mparison to experimental PGAA results from pre

process. Acetohydroxamic acid is hydrolyzed i
race elements. But using this method, we can detect very weak gamm
to the modeling predictions.

out of acidified aqueous solu

a sorting. The background reduction effects of replacement of Nitrogen, LiF tiles etc. w
asurement devices found that 47 percent cou

inations. Ultimately, the impact of dead time
red from abundance sensitivity from 238U and for the Trinitite the determi

ustom electronics in the entire system
mission. Select filters representing different seaso

e separations. Modern analytical meth
spectrometry and radiochemical analysis

p of MCNP code.

nup were measured. Uranium, pluton

910), 423–427
with a forward look over the next decade.
proficiency test exercises NPL has conducted
ort of radionuclide metrology. This poster will summar
mples. The detection limits a
adionuclides is complementary to other
kings. As we move forward, separated isotop
metry (AMS). This emerging drug development st
ablished at the National Physical Laborato
tion factor of approximately 3 was obtained by comparing

ear Washington, DC. This system is
anium-series analyses, and so there is much potential for further deve
, the most appropriate often bei

uter to analyze spectra downloaded

3) of particulates were also much higher in the re
es in environmental samples. Very low instrumental dete
pharmaceutical compounds). Hi

e of a countermeasure as a func
red through its USB-2.0 interface. A faster version requir
nd Technology (NIST) and Inter

nic compounds including isotopes in
nd jaws to maximum opening. Photoneutron
essential and toxic e
eutron flux across the head phantom, using differ

tive methods. We first developed a pseudo-cy

6 and 1.2 ppb, respectively. Relative standard deviations wer
val of U as a hexavalent anion

al limitations for sa

atory (RML) of NIPNE. For the analytical quality assessment appropriate
.03). Vertical variation of the isotope rat
ing this method we have analyzed some reference materi

uctor detector characteristics. In this work the evaluation
tion analysis (INAA) in leaf, soil, litter and epiphyte
apidly dissolved at the lower sec
. In particular, we are interested in the abil
s for 103Pd of the different production ro
nt research areas are the development and application of techniq
of SRMs, and compared to the results from CNPGAA.

evaluation of the usefulness of th
llowed by particle fractionati
w although the significance test (detection deci

minimizing contamina
ish a full measurement equation, or if e.

isotopic ratio from various types

st-neutron spectrometers use ~cm3 enriched 6LiF single crystal absorb

now been reported in the literature. Col

ctive dissolution scheme targeting the r