ESOL Strategies
1. Use contextual clues - gestures, expressions, body language. Adapting Materials Provide visual clues with oral presentations 1. Decide what students need 2. Use linguistic modifications: to learn form the text or material Repetition, slow speech, restating, controlled 2. Concrete first, then abstract vocabulary, controlled sentence length, paraphrasing, 3. Relate to students' experiences explanation, demonstration. Speak clearly and slowly with pauses. Give more time 4. Use visual representations, maps for student to think and develop answers to questions charts, timelines, outline, etc. (extend wait time) 5. Reduce non-essential details 3. Vocabulary modifications: 6. Simplify vocabulary (but Provide pictures to illustrate new words and terms. keep key concepts and technical Have students prepare individual card files of science, mathematics and social studies vocabulary. terms) Introduce core vocabulary prior to new material, 7. Check word choice and Define content area language or terms. sentence order. 4. Use peer tutoring Assign a classroom partner/buddy 5. Use written and pictorial forms: maps, graphs, charts, pictures, semantic maps, webs, flow charts, outlines, and other graphic organizers, Label parts of room. Have students use a timeline to arrange and sequence important facts. Show the same information through a variety of differentcharts and visuals 6. Use a variety of media. Plan to use a multi-sensory approach in lessons. Use a variety of visual and auditory stimuli 7. Adjust, modify, or shorten assignments. Use alternative/adapted assessment 8. Provide hands-on experiences and use reality. Use hands-on activities whenever possible 9. Use individual and small group instruction and assessment. Use cooperative learning activities. Use role-playing Use student pairs for team learning,especially for reports and projects. 10. Use alternative assessments: Observation, demonstration of skill, product evaluation, portfolio assessment, dialogue journals, self-evaluations, checklists, peer assessment, graphic presentations. Use alternative/adapted assessments. Provide alternative assignments. 11. Reduce oral and written directions and information to easy-to-understand steps or parts. Keep directions concise. 12. Adapt written text and materials to facilitate comprehension. Encourage use of dictionary. Highlight key concepts to be tested. Offer a variety of reference materials at the students’ instructional level for independent use. 13. Use any pedagogically sound instructional strategy. Choose appropriate curriculum materials. 14. Expose students to varied reading experiences: oral, paired, group, taped: magazines, newspapers, internet. Support reading instruction by providing films, cassette tapes (multimedia) and other materials that may be used independently or in small groups De-emphasize speed and emphasize accuracy of work. Model correct speaking and questioning techniques. Set small immediate goals. Explain relevancy of topics.