Beijing Olympics

Beijing Olympics Action Plan Table of Contents I. Overall Strategic Concept 1. Guidelines 2. Strategic Objectives 3. Strategies Principles 4. Strategic Phases II. Development of Olympic Venues and related Facilities 1. Principle, Status and Locations 2. Plan and Design of the Olympic Green 3. Philosophy for the Design of Venues 4. Full consideration for the Paralympic Games III. National Environment and Infrastructure Development 1. Environmental pollution Control 2. Ecological Environment Development 3. Urban Transport Development and Management 4. Development of Information and Telecommunication Systems IV. Social Environment Development 1. Cultural Environment Development 2. Security, Health Care and Sanitation 3. Legal Environment Development 4. Public Participation V. Strategic Support 1. Speeding up the Economic Development of Beijing 2. Advancing the Development of New Technologies 3. Developing Sound Commanding and Decision-making Systems 4. Being Market-oriented in Financing and Improving Fund Management 5. Developing Human Resource Backup for the Olympic Games 6. Setting up Supervision and Auditing Mechnisms Thanks to the leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council and with the strong support of all the Chinese people and our foreign friends, On July 13, 2001¡ê?Beijing was awarded the right to host the 2008 Olympic Games. It has added fresh impetus to the development of Beijing and that of China as a whole. From now on, Beijing will see a period of rapid development, and the preparation for the Olympic Games will greatly facilitate the implementation of the 10th "Five-year Plan" and the "Strategy of Three-phased Development" for Beijing. This Action Plan is formulated as an overall guideline and general plan for the preparations of the 2008 Olympic Games. I. Overall Strategic Concept 1. Guidelines In the preparation for the Olympic Games, we will guided by the important though of "Three Represent's" put forward by President Jiang Zemin and closely follow the instructions of the Central Government on making the 2008 Olympic Games a great success. We will keep in mind the idea of "New Beijing, Great Olympics" and place emphasis on the concepts of "Green Olympics, High-tech Olympics and People's Olympics". We will avoid extravagance in running the Olympic Games and do our utmost to bring about social and economic developments to the capital city and to the country, creating a unique legacy for China as well as for the whole world. We fully understand that the concepts of "Green Olympics, High-tech Olympics and People's Olympics" are of great significance to the success of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Green Olympics - to achieve this goal, priority will be given to environmental protection (EP) in the planning, designing and construction of Olympic venues and facilities and strict ecological environment standards and systematic supporting systems will be established. EP technologies and means will be extensively used in promoting, on a large scale and in various aspects, environmental treatment, afforestation and beautification of urban and rural areas. We will raise the environmental awareness of the whole society and encourage the public to consciously opt for green consumption and actively join in activities aimed at improving the ecological environment, in an effort to drastically improve the environmental quality of the capital and build it into an ecological city. High-tech Olympics we will closely follow the latest high-tech developments home and abroad and integrate the high-tech achievements nationwide so as to host a magnificent sports event in high-tech environment. In doing so, Beijing's capacity in high-tech innovation will be improved and the application of high-tech achievements in production and people's life promoted. Beijing Olympic Games will be a window to showcase our high-tech achievements and innovative capacity. People's Olympics we will take the hosting of the Olympic Games as an opportunity to popularize the Olympic spirit, promote the traditional Chinese culture, showcase the history and development of Beijing as well as the friendliness and hospitality of its citizens. We will also take the Games as a bridge for cultural exchanges in order to deepen the understanding and enhance the trust and friendship among the peoples of different countries. We will always give first consideration to the need of people, especially the athletes and provide favorable natural and cultural environments and quality services for them. To promote the Olympic Games and Olympic Movement, we will organize diversified cultural and educational programs to cater to the needs of the people, especially the younger generation, for spiritual and cultural activities. We will also encourage the widest participation of the people in the preparation for Games, as it will greatly push forward the sports and cultural development nationwide and increase the cohesion and pride of the Chinese nation. 2. Strategic Objectives Staging a best-ever Olympic Games in history the Olympic spirit will be spread and popularized most extensively with the active participation of the 1.3 billion Chinese people. Sports facilities will meet all the technical standards for the Olympic Games and the main stadium and other key venues will be developed with state-of-the-art technology. Competitions will be well organized, providing excellent conditions for the athletes. All services provided at the Games will be user-friendly and convenient. Latest high-tech achievements, which prove to be reliable, will be adopted at the Olympic Games. Entertainment activities, which demonstrate the profoundness of the Chinese culture and its ever-lasting charm, will be organized to constitute a unique opportunity where the East meets the West. Tight, but friendly and peaceful, security measures will be implemented to ensure safety of the Games. While drawing on the experience of the host cities of previous Olympic Games, creativity will be emphasized in organization, management and marketing so as to maximize the economic and social benefit. Promoting the modernization of Beijing as well as the rest of the country we aim at maximizing the positive impacts of the Olympic Games on national economic development and accelerating the modernization drive of the country. We will strive for a breakthrough in the capital in terms of economic development, urban construction, social progress and people's living standard, so that, by 2008, the per capita GDP of Beijing will exceed $6,000 and the economic, urban and social development will be drastically accelerated. Creating a new image of Beijing we will take the Olympic construction projects as a vehicle to carry forward the reform and opening-up of the city. The principle of fair entry and fair competition will be followed in order to form a socialist market economy, which conforms to international practice. Our policy making and legislation systems will be optimized and the protection of intellectual property rights will be enhanced. We will train and employ high-quality personnel and we will learn the advanced management concepts and expertise from other countries. In government work, we will adhere to the principles of openness, fairness, efficiency and honesty. In the preparation for and operation of the Olympic Games, we will be more practical and effective in an endeavor to set a good example of being innovative in system, mechanism and management Striving for an all-round and concerted development in China's sports we will endeavor to drastically upgrade the management skills and the scientific research work of China's competitive sports, creating a strong team of organizers and managers for sports activities, a large number of researchers and coaches who excel in selecting and training athletes, and a large number of outstanding and promising athletes. While aiming at participating in all the sports and more events at the 2008 Olympic Games, we will make efforts for a breakthrough in the total number of gold medals and a noticeable improvement in the overall strength of China's sports. We will implement the "National Sports For All Program" to improve the physical quality and fitness of the whole population. We will enhance sports legislation, further promote the reform of its administration and speed up its socialization and industrialization so as to achieve a sustainable, speedy and healthy 3. Strategic Principles a) Encouraging the whole nation to participate in the preparation for the Olympic Games we will make the Olympic Games a great event shared by the whole nation in order to promote the development of all the provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. We will bring into full play the initiative and creativity of all citizens in an effort to host an excellent Olympic Games. To make the Olympic Games a success, we will also actively seek the assistance from the ministries of the State Council, the State General Administration of Sports, other provinces and cities as well as compatriots of Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao and overseas Chinese. b) Taking the hosting of the Olympic Games as a part of the modernization drive the Olympic Games will give impetus to the development of the city, which will, in return, contribute to the success of the Olympic Games. The modernization drive in the capital will be accelerated in line with the "10th Five-year Plan" and the "New Three-Step" Development Strategy of Beijing, which will lay a solid economic foundation for the Olympic Games. In the preparation for the Olympic Games, we will adhere to the principle of running the Games in a frugal manner and pay attention to the post-Games use of the sports facilities, in an effort to gain better investment returns and avoid repetitive construction. c) Hosting the Olympic Games to promote the opening-up in the preparation for the Games, we will be open in every aspect to the rest of the country and the whole world. We will draw on the successful experience of others and follow the advanced international standards and criteria. We aim to upgrade the opening-up of Beijing to a new level, through the hosting of the Olympic Games, and display to the world a new image of China, which is developing rapidly and opening wider to the outside world. d) Hosting the Olympic Games to promote the social civilization we will implement the "Guidelines for Citizen Moral Improvement", and take measures to eliminate the uncivilized conducts in social life. We will advocate a healthy, scientific and civilized life style, improve the citizens' ability to communicate in foreign languages, and enrich the citizens' science and cultural knowledge. We will improve the service quality and service level of various trades. All these will constitute a friendly, stable, encouraging and peaceful environment for the Olympic Games. e)Hosting the Olympic Games to improve people's living standard the Olympic Games will give impetus to economic development and urban construction and management, and bring about increasing benefits for the people. We will make the preparations for the Olympic Games a process of substantially improving the people's living standard, both materially and culturally. 4. Strategic Phases Pre-preparation Phase from December 2001 to June 2003. During this phase, the Beijing Olympic Action Plan will be formulated; the organizational structure of BOCOG will be established; all the necessary preparations for construction of the Olympic venues and facilities will be completed; construction of EP facilities and urban infrastructure as well as a number of cultural and tourist sites will be initiated; and marketing programs will be put into operation. Development Phase from July 2003 to June 2006. During this period, the tasks set forth in the "10th Five-year Plan" will be completed, and the construction of the Olympic venues and other related facilities and the preparation in other areas will be in full swing. By June 2006, the major construction projects of Olympic venues and facilities will be completed and basic preparations finished. Improvement and Operation Phase from July 2006 to the opening of the 2008 Olympic Games. During this phase, all the venues and facilities, which fully meet the requirements of the Games, will be in place. Examination and improvement will be made to the venues; test events will be conducted to ensure smooth operation; and all services will be available. II. Development of Olympic Venues and Related Facilities The venues and related facilities for the 2008 Olympic Games will be designed and constructed in accordance with the technical requirements of the International Olympic Committee and the International Sports Federations and in line with China's national conditions and Beijing's actual development. In the development, experiences and lessons from other host cities in venue construction will be taken into account, and our commitments in the "Candidature File" and the "Host City Contract" will be honored. 1. Principles, Status and locations Basic principles: 1) In planning and designing the venues, we will give full consideration to both the Olympic competitions and post-Games uses. While meeting the technical requirements of the IOC, we will maximize the social benefits of the Olympic venues, giving full consideration to the needs of the citizens for sports and the long-term functions of venues for hosting cultural, sport, commercial, tourist, and recreational activities, as well as meetings and exhibitions. 2) We will keep frugality in mind in the development of the venues. The size, location and number of the venues and facilities to be constructed will be reviewed and verified. Existing facilities that can be adapted or expanded for Olympic purpose will be used instead of building new ones, and temporary venues will be built in place of permanent ones. 3) We will create masterpieces of sports facilities that reflect the integration of construction technologies, architectural art and environmental protection and fully embody the concept of sustainable development, leaving a unique Olympic legacy to the capital city. Status: 37 venues will be used for Olympic competitions, 32 of which in Beijing and 5 of which outside the city. Of the 32 venues in Beijing, 19 will be newly-constructed (including 6 temporary sites) and 13 are existing facilities to be renovated or expanded. In addition, 59 training sites will be renovated and special facilities for the Paralympics will be constructed. Of the 5 venues outside Beijing, the Qingdao International Sailing Center, Tianjin Stadium, and Qinhuangdao Stadium will be newly constructed while Shenyang Wulihe Stadium and Shanghai Stadium are existing ones to be renovated. Locations: The venue distribution can be described as "one center plus three areas". The Olympic Green, containing 13 venues, will be the center for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. The Western Community Area will include 9 venues, among which Wukesong Culture and Sports Center will become a venue for cultural and sports activities in southwest Beijing after the Olympic Games. The University Area will harbor 4 venues, including the Capital Indoor Stadium, all of which will become places for cultural and sports activities for colleges and local communities after the Games. 2 venues, including Beijing Country Equestrian Park, will be located in the North Scenic Spot Area, facilitating the development of suburban tourism. In addition, in other areas, 4 venues, including the Workers' Stadium, will be renovated or extended, offering places for cultural and sports activities for the neighboring residents. 2. Plan and Design of the Olympic Green The Olympic Green, located on the north end of the central axis of the city, occupies an area of 1,135 hectares, which contains a forest park of 680 hectares and a central area of 405 hectares for the Games. The Olympic Green, supplemented by the venues and facilities for the Asian Games, will boast convenient traffic, concentrated population, good urban infrastructure, and well developed service facilities for commercial and cultural activities, etc. In the planning of the Olympic Green, we will bear in mind the long-term development of the city and the needs of the citizens for material and cultural life, making it a multi-functional public center for sports, meetings, exhibitions, entertainment and shopping, with broad spaces and landscaped surroundings. The major venues to be built in the Olympic Green include: National Stadium: with a seating capacity of 80,000 people, it will be the venue for the opening and closing ceremonies, athletics and football finals. National Indoor Stadium: with a seating capacity of 18,000 people, it will be the venue for Gymnastics, handball, and volleyball finals. It will be a multi-functional structure. National Swimming Center: with a seating capacity of 18,000 people, it will be the main venue for swimming competitions. It will serve as a public sports center after the Olympic Games. Other related facilities to be built in the Olympic Green include: Olympic Village: with complete supporting facilities, the Olympic Village will Contain 360,000 square meters of apartments available to the athletes, coaches and team officials during the Games. These apartments will be sold as commercial housing after the Games. Other facilities: a number of other buildings will also be planned and built in the Green, which will serve as the competition venues for table tennis, badminton, fencing and wrestling and as the Main Press Center (MPC) and the International Broadcasting Center IBC).After the Games, these buildings will be turned into convention and exhibition centers and cultural facilities, such as Capital Youth Palace and Urban Planning Exhibition Hall, etc. In addition, other supporting service facilities will also be available for accommodation, commerce, and offices, etc. 3 Philosophy for the Design of Venues The philosophy for the design of the Olympic venues is to meet the requirements for competitions and to be good in function yet not luxurious. The designs will be made to satisfy the requirements of the International Sports Federations and conform to relevant national laws and regulations. The special needs of athletes with physical disabilities will also be taken into consideration. High technologies will be extensively adopted in the design of the venues. We will provide comprehensive information services at the Olympic Games by making full use of digital network technology, distant audio-visual transmission technology and video technology. Cleaner energies, environment-friendly building materials, and energy saving technologies such as rainwater collection, gray water utilization, natural ventilation and natural lighting will be extensively used to protect natural environment and save resources. Venues will be built to be safe, comfortable, and good for post-Games use. Venue designs will center on the needs of people and the provision of safe, comfortable space and facilities to the audience. Completed infrastructure and supporting facilities will be available for each venue. Venues will be designed to be multi-functional and adaptable for post-Games use. Furthermore, Special efforts will be made in traffic planning to ensure that convenient and speedy transport service can be provided in any circumstances. 4. Full Consideration to the Needs of the Paralympic Games The preparation and the staging of the 2008 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games will promote the cause for the people with disabilities and create a society where they are respected, cared for and helped. In the construction of the Olympic venues and related facilities, we will give full consideration to the special needs of the athletes and spectators with physical disabilities, to materialize the goal of "equality, participation and sharing". 18 of the Olympic venues will be used for the Paralympic Games. These venues will be designed to be fully accessible for the people with disabilities. For example, these venues will be equipped with photoelectrical and acoustic appliances to assist the athletes in the competitions. All supporting facilities in the Olympic Village will also be so designed. III. Natural environment and infrastructure development 1. Environmental Pollution Control We will work for a considerable improvement in ecological environment of the city. To achieve the goal, focus will be placed on the prevention of air pollution and the protection of drinking water sources through the means of economic restructuring, increased use of cleaner high-quality energies, establishing a more restrictive emission standard, and strengthening ecological protection and construction. By 2008, the indexes of SO2, NOx and CO in the urban air will meet the WHO standards, and the density of particles will reach the level of major cities in developed countries, fully meeting the standard for hosting the Olympic Games. Preventing coal-burning pollution we will optimize urban energy structure by introducing and developing the use of cleaner high-quality energy such as natural gas and electricity. The second long-distance gas pipeline and its supporting facilities will be built from North Shaanxi to Beijing. The structure of electrical power supply will be improved, with the newly added power consumption load to be taken mainly by power sources outside Beijing. The power networks in downtown areas will be expanded and those in rural areas upgraded so as to improve the quality and reliability of power supply. The Beijing No. 3 Thermal Power Station and Gaojing Power Station will be transformed into gas burning power stations and 8 gas burning thermal power stations, including the one in Caoqiao, will be built or expanded, all able to supply cooling, heating and electrical powers. New energy resources such as geothermal energy, solar energy, wind energy and biological energy will be exploited, and energy saving will be encouraged. By 2008, the annual supply of natural gas in the city will reach 5 billion cubic meters; the consumption of coal and coke will account for less than 20% of the terminal energy structure; and urban area to be heated by thermal power will cover around 100 million square meters. Preventing pollution by automobile emission starting from 2003, a standard parallel to the European Standard II will be enforced regarding the pollutant emission of new vehicles, and before 2008, a standard parallel to the European Standard III will be put into effect. The regulations regarding vehicle scrapping and testing will be tightened. EP Marks will be issued to qualified motor vehicles and joint law enforcement by EP agencies and traffic control departments will be strengthened. The application of cleaner gaseous fuel in buses and taxis will be promoted. By 2007, 90% of the buses and 70% of taxis will use clean fuel. The development of new technologies, such as electrical automobiles will be pushed forward. Preventing particle pollution in urban areas stricter control on particle pollution will be required on all construction sites to meet the requirement for environmental protection in this respect. Starting from January 2003, in the areas within the Fourth Ring Road in Beijing, any loose cargo must be transported in closed containers. The system of " house responsibility for cleaning" and the regulations regarding urban afforestation will be further implemented. By 2005, all open grounds in urban areas will be covered with trees or grass, and the cleaning of all the main motorways in the urban area will be mechanized. Preventing industrial pollution we will reduce the emission of all industrial pollutants by exercising control on the total emission volumn. All key enterprises will be required to practice clean production and introduce the ISO14001 environment management system. Special attention will be given to pollution control in metallurgical, chemical, electricity and cement industries. In an effort to remove the enterprises located in the urban districts, by 2008, the chemical industrial zone in the Southeast suburbs and some 200 polluting enterprises within the Fourth Ring Road will be relocated. The Capital Iron & Steel Plant will reduce its steel production by 2 million tons and its production structure will be readjusted. Protecting drinking water sources in coordination with the upstream areas, we will endeavor to achieve the goal as defined in the "Plan for the Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources in the Capital in the Early 21st Century (2001-2005)". More effective measures will be adopted to guarantee the quality of the water in Miyun and Guanting Reservoirs and their upstream and restore the function of Guanting Reservoir as a drinking water source. We will also protect underground drinking water sources through economic restructuring, water saving, agricultural pollution preventing, and urban wastewater treatment system improving, etc. Preventing water pollution we will build sewage treatment plants at Lugouqiao, Qinghe, and Xiaohongmen, etc. to establish a complete sewage treating system in the city. By 2008, more than 90% of the sewage in the urban area will be treated. The urban waterways system and the main rivers such as Wenyu River will be reformed or renovated; wastewater inceptors will be built along the main waterways; and the drainage system in the city will be upgraded in the process of the old city renovation. Tightening solid wastes control we will quicken the reduction of industrial, commercial and domestic solid wastes, push forward the separate collection, treatment and recycling of urban domestic wastes, speed up the construction of facilities for the treatment and dumping of domestic wastes produced in urban and suburban areas. Such projects as Gao'antun Garbage Burning Plant and Jiaojiapo Garbage Burying Ground will be completed. By 2005, all domestic wastes in the urban area and in the satellite cities will be treated, and a strict system for the control of hazardous wastes will be established to ensure that all the hazardous wastes are safely disposed. Preventing noise, electromagnetic radiation, and radioactivity pollution we will impose stricter control on the noise pollution caused by automoblies, construction sites and social activities. In road system planning and designing, full consideration will be given to the prevention of traffic noise that disturbs neighboring residents. Large trucks and agricultural vehicles that enter the city at night will be restricted to certain routes and speed. A stricter reporting, registration and approval system will be exerted for existing electromagnetic radiation and radioactive pollution sources and new sources in this regard. Further methods to prevent light pollution will be developed. By 2008, the noise level in urbanized areas will be reduced to meet the national standard and the electromagnetic radiation and radioactive environment will remain to be up to the national standard. Promoting the application of environment-friendly technologies and techniques we will actively introduce, develop and promote the application of such technologies as pollution-free burning, geothermal-operated pumps, solar energy power generating, solar energy heating, fuel cells, and nanometer materials, etc. Environment-friendly materials will be extensively used in the construction of Olympic venues and other related facilities. Our ability in the research in and monitoring on environment will be improved. Enterprises will be encouraged to adopt new technologies to upgrade their existing equipment and technologies, in order to reduce the unit cost of their products and the emission of pollutants. 2. Ecological Environment Development On the basis of preventing environment pollution and improving urban infrastructure, we will accelerate the construction of a favorable ecological city by afforestation, rational utilization of water resources, and construction of ecological agriculture. By 2008, we will achieve the goal of building the capital into an ecological city that features green hills, clear water, grass-covered ground, and blue sky. Building green ecological shelters for the capital by 2007, forest coverage in the whole city will reach 50%, and the three green shelters, one in the mountain areas, one in the plain areas, and the other in urban areas, will be completed. By 2005, 100,000 hectares of mountain areas will be afforested; trees covering 23,000 hectares will be planted mainly along "the 5 waterways and the 10 highways", and green areas within the urban areas will reach a total area of 12,500 hectares. Pushing forward urban afforestation and beautification the lands along motorways, streets, alleys and waterways in the urban area will be afforested, with focuses on the 255 major streets. Water surface coverage within the urban area will be increased and more water surface sights built. 50 large green areas made up of arbor trees, each covering more than 10,000 square meters, will be built in the downtown areas. The satellite cities and the 33 major towns will also be afforested. By 2007, the urban green coverage in the whole city will hopefully reach 45%. Transforming desert areas and preventing soil erosion By 2005, we will be able to eliminate sand storms originated in local areas and put under control the five sand storm sources at the so-called "three rivers and two sandbanks", (namely, the Yongding River, the Chaobai River, the Dasha River, Kangzhuang in Yanqing County, and Nankou in Changping). By 2007, the desertifying lands will be under control. We will work closely with relevant national institutions in the construction of an ecological environment for the capital and the prevention and harnessing of desert areas. Rational use of water resources we will do our utmost to preserve the surface and underground clean water resources, and to utilize rainwater and recycled water. 7 gray water treating stations in Qinghe, Wujiacun and Jiuxianqiao, etc will be built, and, by 2008, the recycling rate of treated water from the urban sewage treating stations will reach 50%. The use of gray water in residential areas and institutions will be encouraged. The underground water exploitation plan will be improved, focusing on reducing the amount of underground water for industrial and agricultural purposes, in an effort to gradually elevate the underground water level. More attempts will be made in the retention of rainwater and flood for underground recharge during rainy season, in order to restore and conserve underground water sources. We will raise the citizens' awareness of water saving, establish a more reasonable water pricing system, adopt effective water saving technologies and measures, promote the application of water-saving equipment, and mobilize the whole society to take an active and conscious part in the water saving drive. Enhancing ecological protection and construction in key areas we will protect the ecological functions in some key areas, such as Miyun Reservoir, Huairuo Reservoir and Guanting Reservoir, and prevent their ecosystems from damage and retrogression. Compulsory protection will be given to the key areas related to such resources as water, land, forest, grassland, mineral, aquatic production, biological species and tourism, and areas where underground water is over-extracted and where the ecosystem is delicate will be closed to exploitation, cultivation and lumbering. The protection of the existing wetland ecosystems will be stressed, and man-made wetland will be constructed where appropriate. The construction of natural reserves will be emphasized and more attention will be paid to the protection of biological diversity, natural ecosystems, wild animals and plants and gene resources. Promoting the construction of ecological agriculture we will establish some ecological demonstration zones and ecological agriculture counties. Specifically, high-efficiency ecological agriculture will be developed; crop structure will be readjusted; new farming technologies will be adopted; and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides will be reduced. Intercropping of narrow crown poplar and agricultural crops will be popularized and networks of forest belts on farmland will be built. A plan for the relocation and pollution prevention in livestock and poultry raising will be formulated. We will also develop organic foodstuffs, and improve the system of the safe production of food agricultural produce. Improving urban environment we will deal with the mess in some parts of the city, which arouses intense public concern and tarnishes the image of the city. To enforce the related laws, all unapproved and temporary buildings will be demolished and stronger control on outdoor advertisements will be imposed. Garbage containing facilities will be constructed and improved for domestic wastes of the whole city; all aerial cables will be laid underground; urban buildings will be refurbished and streets in the city beautified. The environment along the urban and rural connecting areas will also be improved and managed in the same way as those in the urban area. Improving ecological awareness of the citizens we will advocate the idea of green consumption and raise the environmental awareness of the public, who will be encouraged to adopt an environment-friendly life style and to participate in the drive to establish green communities, green stores, green campuses, green enterprises, green institutions, etc. Families and institutions will be encouraged to use recycled products, install energy-efficient and water-saving appliances, separate solid wastes, and abandon equipment that uses ozone-damaging substances, etc. Citizens will be encouraged to use public transportation, and drivers of public and transit vehicles will be required to do regular maintenance to keep the vehicles in good conditions and up to the emission standard. 3. Urban Transport Development and Management We will promote the modernization process of the road network construction and traffic management in Beijing, aiming at providing convenient, quick, safe, orderly, efficient services. The construction of rail transport system, urban road transport systems, inter-city transport systems, and city transport hubs will be accelerated. All of these will provide favorable conditions for the further socioeconomic and urban development of Beijing and the first class urban transportation services for the Olympic Games as well. Urban rail transport we will focus on the construction of a urban rail transport network composed of such projects as Beijing Urban Light Rail, Ba-Tong Subway Line, Subway Line No. 5, Subway Line No. 4, Olympic Subway Line, and the fast rail from Dongzhimen to Beijing Capital International Airport. By 2008, 148.5 kilometers of new rail transport will be added, reaching a total of 202 kilometers, and the subway will be carrying about 10% of the passengers in the city. Motorways ?¡è we will complete the construction of new expressways including the Fifth Ring Road, the Sixth Ring Road, Beijing-Miyun Road, and a number of first and second grade motorways. By 2008, the length of expressways in the whole city will reach 718 kilometers; motorways will reach 14,700 kilometers, and the road density will reach 87.3 km per square kilometers. Urban streets we will speed up the construction of urban street networks and the improvement of the trunk roads systems made up of ring roads, passing roads, and connecting roads. The density of urban streets will be increased in the course of the old city renovation. By 2007, the construction and expansion of 318 kilometers of urban streets will be completed. Airport in order to satisfy the special demands before, during and after the Olympic Games as well as the needs of the city's future development, we will expand the Beijing Capital International Airport, making it a large hub for international as well as domestic air traffic. Buses we will continue to optimize the public transport network by setting up more buse lanes on the roads and more bus lines. We will build, renovate or expand the public transport terminals at Dongzhimen, Xizhimen, the Zoo, Wangjing, Sihuiqiao, etc., in an effort to form a quick and convenient public transport network, which centers on the urban area and radiates to the suburbs and surrounding residential areas. Parking facilities we will build more parking lots in the urban areas. Parking guiding systems will be installed in key areas. And we will give priority to the construction of a number of public parking areas for automobiles and bicycles at major subway stations and bus terminals. Transport control we will set up comprehensive traffic control organizations to strengthen the control of road traffic, public transport, private vehicles, parking cargo fleets and bicycles. We will impose necessary traffic restrictions in the city center and adopt new traffic regulations. Automobile and parking management will be enforced, a social environment favorable for traffic regulation enforcement will be established and the citizens' consciousness of observing traffic regulations will be raised. The development of an intelligent traffic control and dispatch system, a modern traffic control network information system and a traffic emergency system will be the key projects to be accelerated for the modernization of all-round traffic control in the urban areas. Place naming - we will review and refine the existing toponomy system of Beijing and work out a scientific and well-developed place naming system. Supplementary naming work will be done on the Beijing streets and public facilities and a new house number system will be adopted. For the convenience of domestic and foreign visitors, new types of signboards and signposts in commonly used international languages will be erected at overpasses, major public places and along urban roads and streets. 4. Development of Information and Telecommunications Systems While applying IT extensively to urban development to build a "digital Beijing", we will focus on the "digital Olympics" program and the building of telecommunications infrastructure and network system, to create a favorable IT environment and provide excellent information services. By 2008, information services will be inexpensive, rich in content, free of language barrier, and personalized and available for anyone, at anytime and anywhere. This will not only contribute greatly to the success of an excellent Olympic Games, but also display to the world the level and achievements of China's IT. Construction of information and communications infrastructure we will plan and construct the basic communications facilities on a unified basis, use the transmission resource in a rational manner, and guarantee the optical or electrical cabling of the communications network for the Olympic Games. Some landmark IT buildings will be built, which can serve as multi-function centers for the Olympic Games. To provide frequencies for the Olympic Games, we will strengthen the overall planning and management of radio frequencies. A technical support system for radio management will be established in Beijing to facilitate the overall improvement of frequency management, radio signal monitoring, radio interference analysis and radio equipment testing ability. Comprehensive measures will be taken to provide a clean electromagnetic environment so as to ensure the smooth operation of all radio communication devices. The advanced communications facilities will be built to provide a broadband digital communications system that is reliable, flexible, expandable, reusable, and adaptable to new technologies. We will provide services that both match the communications technologies of different countries and satisfy the requirements of the Olympic Games. Construction of information application system in full compliance with the requirement of the IOC, we will provide the 2008 Olympic and Paralympic Games with state-of-the-art soft wares and hard wares for information, timing, scoring and result processing systems. Focus will also be placed on the development of the soft wares for management systems and information service systems related to the Olympic Games. Weather forecast and monitoring will be reinforced to provide timely and accurate meteorological services for large-scale gatherings and sports events. E-commerce services covering ticketing, tourism, merchandizing, shopping, projects tendering, and procurement will also be provided. Artificial intelligence technologies will be used in an effort to overcome the "language barrier" during the Olympic Games. Smartcard technology will also be used to provide the participants with safe and convenient services in accreditation, security check and payment, etc, meanwhile a card-based payment network and a favorable card-based payment environment will be established. In addition we will make efforts to raise the intelligent level of the Olympic venues and facilities to provide various personalized information services. Development and industrialization of key information technologies we will strive for breakthroughs in such key IT fields as high-performance computer technology and network technology. We will promote the application of advanced and sophisticated technologies and the construction of the basic projects for the development of key technologies. We will also carry forward the industrialization of large-scale sport information system, digital sport equipment, digital media equipment, smartcard and other related devices, etc. IV. Social Environment Development 1. Cultural Environment Development Culture has always constituted an important part of the modern Olympic Movement. During the Beijing Olympic Games, efforts will be made to fully exhibit the achievements of traditional Chinese culture, and the rich cultural heritage of Beijing in the hope that the Olympic spirit can be further carried forward on this unique occasion of East-West exchange. Hosting a series of Olympic-oriented cultural activities the Opening and Closing Ceremonies of the Olympic Games and the Olympic Torch Relay will be well planned and organized. Besides, we will initiate a Beijing Olympic Culture Festival to display the Chinese people's boundless enthusiasm for Olympics, and some classic cultural events, such as the annual Beijing International Music Festival and the New Year Concert, will be on the list of the Cultural Programs for the celebration of the Olympic Games. Constructing modern cultural facilities to provide more cultural facilities during the Olympic Games, the Grand National Theatre will be constructed and the National Library, the Chinese Gallery of Fine Arts, the Chinese Museum of Science and Technology, the Capital Museum will be expanded. The CCTV and the BTV will be relocated on new sites. The art of mural painting and sculpture will be integrated in the building of the Olympic venues and facilities. On the other hand, cultural functions will be taken into account in the design and construction of some of Olympic venues. For instance, a public square and other facilities for various cultural activities will be built in the Olympic Green. Protecting and displaying the historical and cultural heritage of the city the Plan to Protect the Historical and Cultural Heritage of Beijing will be fully implemented. Special attention will be given to the protection of the royal city and the historical buildings situated along the ancient city axis and within the 25 historical and cultural protection areas, the protected major historical and cultural sites, the ancient urban water systems and the layout of the ancient city. To showcase the features of the ancient capital, the ancient buildings in the areas along the axis line, the old royal city, the Chao-Fu road, the Imperial College and Shichahai area will be well renovated; some historical relics, such as the former imperial gardens of Yuanmingyuan and the city wall built in the Ming dynasty will be restored; and such world heritages as the Great Wall and Forbidden City will be placed on the top of the protection list. In the renovation of the old city, the quadrangles (siheyuan), which bear the features of the old city, will be carefully dealt with and protected in different ways; and records concerning the origin, connotations, and incidents related to the historical places will be entirely or partially inscribed on the spot by permanent means. Creating a favorable environment for cultural tourism to make good use of the tourist resources in Beijing, an overall planning of the city's major tourist sites will be made so as to develop classic tourist products with unique cultural flavors. Designing and developing tourist commodities, which bear strong Beijing features, will be encouraged. Commercial streets will be established to offer more shopping facilities for tourists as well as athletes during the Olympic Games. Providing good working conditions for the media Comprehensive and timely information and quality services will be provided to the media from home and abroad to ensure a fast, efficient, accurate and successful coverage of the Olympic Games. Promoting national solidarity The Party's policy towards nationalities and religions and the Regulations on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Minority Ethnic Groups will be fully carried out, to raise the citizens' awareness of national solidarity, to raise the minority nationalities' enthusiasm to participate in the Olympic-related activities, and to make the Beijing Olympic Games a national festival for all the ethnic groups. Venues for religious activities will be well planned and distributed during the Olympic Games to provide convenience for the athletes of different religions and nationalities. 2. Security, Health Care and Sanitation We will make all-out efforts to guarantee the security during the Olympic Games on the basis of a sound social order, reliable public transport and fire fighting systems, safe medical and health structures, and well planned supporting measures. Maintaining good social order ?¡è the projects of "safe community" and "science-and-technology based security" will be continued. Specifically, we will continue enhancing the public security structures on the grass roots and building a complete anti-criminal network among the citizens. Management of the floating population in the city shall be further improved and services will be provided. Various crimes and illegal acts shall be guarded against and cracked down on, and anti-terrorism capacity raised. Ensuring the public security during the Olympic Games a command center shall be established to take charge of the security at the Olympic venues, dwelling places and other related areas and security experience of previous Games and previous large-scale events held in China will be put to account. Auxiliary systems and facilities will be planned and built according to law. Security forces will be rationally distributed to deal with major criminal cases, security accidents. The capabilities to handle emergencies and terrorism will be raised. As required by law, fire fighting equipment and facilities will be improved and fire-fighting forces will be reasonably stationed to prevent fire emergencies. Education programs on safe production shall be carried out in enterprises and security supervision on enterprises and businesses strengthened to avoid major accidents in production; and the police forces of the capital city will be strengthened and disciplined to create a new image of the Chinese police. Improving medical facilities medical facilities to serve the Olympic Games, including the outpatient, emergency and inpatient departments, will be improved; hospital buildings will be built or renovated to meet the requirements of the Paralympic Games. Medical aid systems will be set up and first aid networks improved and, in view of the medical missions during the Games, systematic training programs will be offered to the medical workers. Improving public hygiene prevention and control of infectious diseases will be further enhanced and high precautions will be taken against the entry of infectious disease from other countries and regions. Disease and epidemic surveillance networks will be established and supervision and law enforcement will be exercised over public hygiene, especially with regard to food, drinking water and other health-related products. Strengthening animal quarantine animal disease control, prevention, quarantine and supervision systems will be upgraded with emphasis on the quarantine over horses, to ensure that no major diseases will occur in the animals used in the Olympic Games and there will be no occurrence of food poisoning related to animal products during the Games. Consolidating doping-control doping control technologies will be further improved, new technology developed, and doping testing ability raised, so as to satisfy the needs for doping control during the Olympic Games. Close cooperative relationships with the IOC Medical Commission and the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) will be maintained to cultivate first class anti-doping technology, facilities and personnel. 3. Legal Environment Development The Olympic Charter and other IOC regulations will be strictly observed, the Host City Contracts honored, related legislation consolidated, law enforcement ability and capability further improved, and the citizens' legal awareness enhanced, so as to create a favourable legal environment for the Olympic Games. Consolidating the protection of the Olympic Symbol the Regulation on the Protection of Olympic Symbol adopted by the State Council will be enforced and administrative and legal proceedings will be taken to protect the Olympic Symbol and related rights. Legal actions will be taken against infringements, so as to create a clean market and favorable environment to ensure the protection of the Olympic Symbol. Improving the legality of government work law education programs will be carried out in government departments, especially in the law enforcement organizations, to improve government staff's initiative in legal administration and their knowledge of law and to raise their law enforcement ability and service quality. Government work will be open to the public supervision and information concerning major Olympic construction projects shall be made public regularly; and administrative power restraint and responsibility binding mechanisms shall be established to govern the exercise of powers and avoid Olympic-related corruption. Enhancing law education On the basis of the "the Fourth Five-year Law Popularization Program", a law education campaign will be initiated, with a stress on the promotion of intellectual property right protection, so as to help the people raise their law-abiding and legal right safeguarding awareness. Our target is to establish a favorable environment for the hosting of the Olympic Games. 4. Public Participation The moral, science and cultural level, and law awareness of the citizens and the extent of their participation in the Olympic Movement are of direct significance to the success of the Beijing Olympic Games. Therefore, it is extremely important to further enhance the general quality of the citizens and to encourage them to participate in the Olympic Movement. Facilitating people's involvement in the Olympic Games it is a common desire of the Chinese people to support and work for the Olympic Games. Their enthusiasm shall be well encouraged and protected. Events and activities centring on the Olympic Games will be planned and organized for them, in accordance with the related regulations in the IOC Host City Contract. Carrying out Olympic education programs we make efforts to popularize the Olympic knowledge and spread Olympic spirit by means of publications, Television and newspapers. "Olympic Education Textbooks" will be distributed in the primary and secondary schools and school sports events will be held in connection with Olympic education program. Communities will also be involved in Olympic education; moreover, the Olympic education program will be an integrated part of the on-going "Sports for All" movement, thus fostering the citizens' Olympic awareness and their enthusiasm for the Olympic Movement. Promoting the civilization of the city, communities and citizens a campaign of "civilization improvement" will be launched citywide, involving communities, various business sectors, and citizens. The fundamental morals of "loving the country, abiding by the law, politeness, honesty, solidarity, friendliness, thriftiness, independence, devotion and contribution" will be promoted in the whole society, so as to raise the level of civilization in the city as a whole and create a favorable social environment for the Olympic Games. Building up a favorable language environment the "Speak English Program" for the citizens will be further pushed forward. Foreign language training will be given to those in the services sector; columns in newspapers, radio and television programs, and web pages will have more contents in foreign languages. Adequate written and graphic guiding signs of international standards will be erected along the streets. Launching an Olympic volunteer recruiting campaign a plan for Olympic volunteer recruiting will be stipulated and a campaign launched to encourage the young people and personage in various fields nationwide and overseas to work for the Olympic Games. College and secondary school students will be the majority in the team with people from other walks of life. They should be fluent in foreign languages, well trained in their professions and devoted to the work. From the year 2002, a volunteer information system will be established and in operation. V. Strategic Support 1. Speeding up the Economic Development of Beijing A solid economic basis is fundamental for hosting a successful Olympic Games. We will take the "Olympic economy" as the leverage to promote the economic development of the city which, in return, will help create a even better economic environment for holding a best-ever Olympic Games. Developing new and high technology industries Priorities will be given to the development of 5 industries including electronics and information, bioengineering and new medicine, optical, mechanical and electrical integration, new materials, and environment protection and multi-purpose utilization of resources. New and high technology bases will be built for the development of software, microelectronics, electronics and telecommunications, computer and networking, and new materials. Efforts will be made to develop a series of high technology products with self-owned intellectual property rights and introduce technology and capital from domestic and foreign corporations and multinationals, so as to provide strong technological support for the Olympic Games. In the meantime, new and high technologies will be employed to reform the traditional enterprises and upgrade their production levels. Up to 2008, the added value of the high and new technology industry will make up a 40% of the city's industrial output value. Developing the tertiary industry the tertiary industry constitutes the mainstay of the Beijing's economy and will play a direct and important role with regard to the services for the Olympic Games. The development of information and consultant services, agent services, tourism, convention and exhibition industry, science and technology education, culture and sports will be highlighted. Other elements of the service sector, including financing, commodity circulation, real estate services, transportation, post and telecommunications, will also be fostered so as to further improve the city's overall service capacity. Up to 2008, the added value of the tertiary industry will make up of a 65% of the city's GDP. Optimizing the industry structure one of the important steps in optimizing the industry structure is to relocate some factories out of the urban area. By 2008, all the factories that cause pollution shall either be moved out of the Fourth Ring Road or shut down. What remains will be the clean, high technology industries, industrial enterprises fit for the urban life and the headquarters, R&D and sales centres of major enterprises and industry groups. Within the Fourth Ring Road, only knowledge-intensive services and other service industries, including financing, commodity circulation, post and telecommunications, culture and sports, will be encouraged. Developing key functional districts the construction of the Zhongguancun Science and Technology Zone and Beijing Central Business District will be accelerated. Together with the Olympic Green, they will form three key functional districts in the city of Beijing. In the meantime, other major business and commercial centers, including the Finance Street, Wangfujing Street, Xidan Street, and the Qianmen-Dashilan-Liulichang area will also be developed, in addition to such functional areas as trading ports and commodity circulation bases. This will considerably raise the service capacity of the city and contribute to the success of the Olympic Games. 2. Advancing the Development of New Technologies To meet the requirements of the Olympic Games, scientific research in technologies, technological integration and new-tech introduction will be promoted so as to increase the application of high and new technological achievements at the Olympic Games. Giving nationwide support to High-tech Olympics in accordance with the "High-tech Olympic Action Plan (2008)" to be implemented jointly by 9 ministries and municipalities, a series of key research projects will be initiated in conjunction with the National Science and Technology Development Plan, in order that research achievements nationwide can be applied at the Beijing Olympic Games. Meanwhile, the "Beijing 2-4-8 Major Innovation Project" will turn its focus to "scientific Olympics", giving stronger support to the High-tech Olympic construction. Increasing technological applications in Olympic projects in the areas of transportation, clean energy, environmental protection, venues and facilities, information and telecommunications, security, sports science, doping control, and the production of opening and closing ceremonies of the Olympic Games, attempts will be made to apply the following technologies, namely the 3S technologies (i.e. remote sensing system, geographical information system, and GPS), intelligent transportation, clean use of coal, micro-satellites, nano-materials, bio-chips, etc.. It is hoped that this will make the 2008 Olympic Games a science-and-technology-intensive sports event. Introducing advanced and applicable technological achievements from abroad international science and technological cooperation will be intensified in various fields. The successful technological applications at previous Games will be introduced, the latest scientific achievements worldwide adopted and technological innovations made for the benefit of the 2008 Olympic Games. 3. Developing Sound Commanding and Decision-making Systems Preparation for the Olympic Games is a huge and systematic project, which relies on the participation of all social sectors and the extensive support of the people. Preparation for the Games will be the main task for the whole city at present and in years leading to the Games. Taking the Olympic Games as the central task of all all the staff of government departments shall be required to be open-minded, to improve their style of work, and to develop a strong sense of responsibility. While doing their own jobs well, they shall do everything for the benefit of the Olympic Games. Improving the system of decision-making regarding to major projects, decisions shall be made only after the appropriate consultation, appraisal and assessment. In the meantime, international and domestic experts and specialists in the fields concerned, and professional institutions abroad shall be involved to ensure the smooth going of our preparatory work of the Games. Strictly following the plan and schedule in implementing the "Beijing Olympic Action Plan", annual plans and specific plans concerning individual projects shall be worked out and strictly followed to guarantee the progress of preparation. Project management systems shall be adopted and more attention must be paid to the quality than pace and cost of the projects. The venue construction and Games preparations must be accomplished in time and up to top standards. 4. Being Market-oriented in Financing and Improving Fund Management We shall stick to the principle of market orientation in financing activities, which shall be organised and guided by the government. New approaches to market-oriented fund-raising should be developed. In addition, sound mechanism, regulations and procedures must be established to ensure that funds are properly and effectively used. Improving the system, environment and approaches for financing and investment Monopoly by departments and sectors must be broken and, instead, market-oriented operation in the infrastructure project development shall be promoted and non-governmental investment shall be encouraged. Continued efforts shall be made to regulate the prices for infrastructure products and services and to put into practice the governmental compensation and repayment mechanisms for some commercial infrastructure projects. "The Bidding Law " shall be further enforced, and the selection of project proprietors and contractors for all the important construction stages, including planning and designing, construction, project management, procurement of equipment and materials, shall be made open for national and international bidding. Successful fund-raising experience should be drawn from the previous Olympic host cities and new approaches to fund-raising developed. Consolidating fund management funds for projects shall be allocated in preferential orders and in accordance with their degree of importance. Active co-ordination shall be made among the investors to optimise the program of financing, so as to disperse financing risks. Project management system shall be strengthened and budgets shall be strictly verified and rationally defined. New technologies and new materials should be put into use to lower construction costs, while the requirements for the functions of the facilities satisfied. 5. Developing Human Resource backup for the Olympic Games In order to run a best-ever Olympic Games in history, a great number of high-quality, internationalised, and versatile personnel will be selected, trained and assigned to various posts. Beijing is a place where qualified personnel from home and abroad concentrate, therefore, pools of domestic and international human resources shall be established to ensure the personnel supply and backup for the Olympic Games. Training qualified personnel efforts will be made to train more managing personnel who understand international practice in city administration and economic management, who have international vision, and who are able to establish direct contact and exchange relations with foreign specialists and professional organisations. Specialists, who have the knowledge of international sports and Olympic affairs, international law, international business, international finance and insurance, electronic information technology, environment protection technology, will also be trained. Government officials at all levels and leaders of enterprises should enrich their Olympic related knowledge and intensify their study of market operation, international business and law, so as to update their knowledge structure and better their competence. Improving human resource policies for employee recruitment, placement and retention reform shall be intensified with regard to payment and personnel management policies and reasonable income distribution systems will be adopted to arouse the initiatives of the personnel. Favourable recruiting and retaining policies will be worked out to encourage the Chinese students studying overseas to return home. Foreign scholars and specialists will be invited to work in Beijing. Personnel in the fields of science, technology, administration and business management will be selected to further study in foreign countries. The development of human resource market and employment agencies will be promoted. 6. Setting up Supervision and Auditing Mechanisms In accordance with the principle of "precaution, prevention, interruption, and strict supervision", various rules and regulations shall be formulated and effective supervision and auditing mechanisms shall be set up. to prevent corruption from happening. Establishing an organisation to oversee Olympic preparations an organisation, which consists of representatives from departments of the state and Beijing municipal governments, NPC, NPPCC, and social personages and specialists shall be established. It exercises independent supervision over major activities related to funds, goods and personnel recruitment and construction projects in the preparation and running of the Olympic Games. In addition, an institution to supervise the bidding for the Olympic construction projects will be set up to ensure legality of the bidding and that any illegal practice and violation of discipline can be avoided. Supervising the use of funds in BOCOG financial regulations will be stipulated, highlighting the separate management of income and expenditure, budgeting by departments and centralised payment and accounting. Bulk commodity purchase by BOCOG shall be carried out through the system of government purchases and open bidding. The BOCOG Supervision and Auditing Department shall regularly audit the income and expenditure of all the BOCOG departments. Intensifying supervision over Olympic construction projects a proprietor responsibility system will be adopted for each project; a separate account will be opened for each and every construction project and funds shall be earmarked for specified purposes. Special personnel will be designated for financial management. The use of funds for the projects will be audited regularly. Quality inspection and control systems will be strengthened and a quality responsibility system as well as a life-long guarantee system will be exerted for the construction projects . Bringing into full play the role of public supervision the preparation for Olympic Games will be transparent and information concerning the Olympic projects, including project specifications, responsible institutions, investments, and construction schedule, will be made public. An offence reporting system will be established with telephone numbers and email address published for public supervision. We believe that under the leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, with the participation of the people nationwide, and in the spirit of being concerted, down-to-earth, realistic and creative in our work, the "Beijing Olympic Action Plan" will be duly implemented. Energy Development and Energy Mix Readjustment Action Plan for Beijing Olympic Games 2008 Sub-plan on Energy Development and Energy Mix Readjustment This plan is formulated in accordance with tasks and targets set forth in the Action Plan for Beijing Olympic Games 2008, to honor the commitments to the energy and environmental protection made in the bidding report to the IOC. 1 Guidelines and primary objectives Beijing, capital of P. R. China, is the political and cultural center of the nation. In order to improve the urban air quality, highlight the urban modern civilization, rebuild impressive images and boost the city's competitiveness and strength, the coal-dominated energy mix must be overhauled to establish a market-based quality energy supply system, so as to ensure the sustainable development of Beijing's social economy. 1.1 Guidelines ¡¤Adherence to the sustainable development strategies, with the central objectives of improving the urban air quality to meet the environmental requirements in the run-up to the Olympic Games. ¡¤Development and deployment of clean energies in a more cost-effective manner to phase in the fuel switch from coal-dominance to more shares of clean energy types such as natural gas and electricity. ¡¤Acceleration of the industrial and product restructuring so as to mitigate the growth rate of energy consumption. ¡¤Promoting the application of new and high technologies for energy supply consumption, so as to increase the energy efficiency and help build Beijing into an energy-efficient, clean and beautiful international metropolis. 1.2 Primary Objectives Air environmental Quality: In line with the environmental quality requirements established by the central authorities and municipal government, as well as the environmental commitments made in the bidding report for the Olympic Games 2008, the urban atmospheric quality should be improved to reach the national grade-2 standard in 2005 with ever declining pollutant discharges from now, and approaches the WHO-issued standard or the average level of big cities in developed countries by the year 2008. Limited growth rate of final energy consumption and energy conservation: During 2001 and 2008, annual growth rate of the total final energy consumption will be limited under 1.4%, and the annual growth rate of industrial energy use will be kept within 1.0%. By the year 2008, the energy saving rate per unit GDP will reach 6% over, while the energy intensity per unit GDP and per capita will meet 0.865 tce per 104 Yuan and 3.318 tce per person, the advanced domestic levels over the same period. Energy mix readjustment: The share of clean and efficient energy in the final energy consumption mix in 2008 will account for 80% over, while the share of coal and coke in the final energy consumption mix and fuel consumption mix would be kept below 20% and approximately within 48% respectively. The total amount of coal consumption should be controlled within 15 million tons in the whole Beijing and 8.5 million tons in the planned urban area by 2008, where coal will no longer be burnt as fuel in final use sectors. By the then, the clean and efficient energy types should play a prominent role in energy mix, to help achieve the goal of a world-level top urban air quality. Energy supply security: By using all possible sources of clean energy supply through market mechanism, the diversification of energy supply will be promoted, and adequate and stable energy supply security system will be ensured. 2 Energy mix readjustment programme In this plan, the base year is 2000 and the target planned period is 2001-2008. 2.1 Reducing coal use and switch to clean energy In Beijing the coal consumption was 27.03 million tons in 2000, while the coal demand in 2008 is projected as 31.60 million tons under the business-as-usual(BAU) scenario. While under the coal reduction and switch programme, the coal consumption in 2008 will be reduced to 14.75 million tons, which can be broken down as follows. ¡¤Coal used for power generation In 2000, 7.09 million tons of coal was consumed for power generation in Beijing, and additional 0.5 million tons of coal will be used in Gaobeidian Co-generation Plant and Beijing First Co-generation Plant after the technical renovation and expansion is completed. On the other hand, Gaojing Power Plant is planning to reduce 1.60 million tons of coal use by fuel switching. Thus the total coal use for power generation will be reduced to about 6.10 million tons in 2008. ¡¤ Coal used for urban heating In Beijing the coal used for urban heating was 1.71 million tons in 2000, which will turn out to be 2.40 million tons through 2008, considering that heating demand still have to be met by full scale operation of installed capacity of the urban coal-fired co-generation plants. So no cut is planned for this use. ¡¤ Coal used for coking and gasification The amount of coal consumed for these purpose was 5.50 million tons in 2000 in Beijing, and will be reduced to 1.30 million ton in 2008, since the Beijing Coking and Chemistry Plant will stop coke production or shift to other of production before 2008, and No.2, No.4 and No.5 coke ovens in the Capital Steel Mill also will stop production. Therefore reduction of coal use will reach 4.2 million tons. ¡¤ Coal used for final energy consumption The final coal consumption amounted at 12.78 million tons in 2000, and is predicted to come up to 15.15 million tons by 2008 on a business-as-usual (BAU) basis. The following measures are to be taken to cut the amount by 11.15 million tons, and only 4.00 million tons will be remained in the outer suburbs. * Switch to natural gas: a sum of 6.10 million tons of coal will be substituted by natural gas, of which 0.50 million tons for cooking, the other 5.6 million tons for space heating and industrial use. * Switch to electricity: electric space heating will be developed to 20 million square meters, including 12 million square meters of one-storey buildings in aged urban area, resulting in 1.32 million tons of coal switch to 4000 GWh of electricity. * Switch to geothermal energy and water source heat pumps for space heating: an area of 10 million square meters will be heated in these ways reducing coal use by 0.34 million ton. * Switch to heating power from urban heating network: the centralized heating supply will be expanded by 55 million square meters cutting coal use by 0.47 million tons. * Switch to LPG and light diesel: 2.92 million tons of coal will be switch to 1.15 million tons of LPG and light diesel in final energy consumption Coal consumption of 2008 in Beijing:BAU and coal substitution year 2000 Actual consumption 2008 BAU 3160 1915 760 240 915 50 255 160 2008 substiution 1475 850 610 240 0 0 0 0 Demand under Demand after coal Total consumption 1¡¢Fuel coal in urban area Power generating Heating Final consumption,in which Cooking (including one-story of buildings) Industrial use Centralized boilders 2703 1745 709 171 865 50 240 145 Distributed space heating(including small stoves for space heating) 2¡¢Coal used as raw material,in which Coking and gasification Anthracite coal for blast furnace injection 3¡¢Coal use outside the urban area Note:Coal substituted by following clean and efficient energy: 1¡¢Natural gas 2¡¢Electricity 3¡¢Urban heating power 4¡¢Geothermal energy 5¡¢LPG and light diesel Note:Coal reduction by following measures: Shut down in Beijing Coking and Chemistry Plant and coke ovens of Capital Steel Mill Switch from coal to natural gas in Gaojing Power Plant 410 549 450 645 550 95 0 225 130 95 400 429 600 unit 26.4 GWh 40 coal substitution 610 132 47 34 115 292 420 150 Note£ºAnthracite coal for blast furnace injection was listed in industrial end use in 1998, while being included in coal use as raw material for 2005 and 2010. 2.2 Expected energy mix in 2008 in Beijing By 2008, the share of clean and efficient energy in Beijing's energy mix will amount for 86% in the final energy consumption, as described in details as follows: Natural gas supply will be 5 billion cubic meters, equivalent to 6.07 million tce, of which 3.8 billion cubic meters will be consumed in final sectors, equivalent to, 3.74 million tce, taking 7.7% in the final energy consumption; Electricity consumption will be 62000 GWh, equivalent to 18.60 million tce, including 4000 GWh used for space heating, taking 44.8% of the final energy consumption; Urban centralized space heating area will increase 55 million square meters, and total will reach 0.1 billion square meters; energy supply for space heating is 2.70 million tce, taking 6.5% of the final energy consumption; LPG and light diesel will be 1.15 million tons, equal to 1.64 million tce, taking 4.0% of the final energy consumption, and; No coal as fuel directly for final energy consumption will exist in urban area, while it will be reduced by 1/3 in outer suburbs (4 million tons remained). Mix of the final energy mix in 2008 in Beijing 2000 Ï Total final energy demand forecasted 1¡¢Electricity (including electric space heating) In which: generation by 6.15¡Á106t of coal Generation by 0.30¡Á106t of oil Generation by 2.1¡Á108 m3 of natural gas Imports 2¡¢Heating power 3¡¢Liquid energy (excluding light diesel as substitute of coal) 4¡¢Natural gas Used for power generation Used for heating Used by vehicles Used to replace artificial coal gas End use to replace coal and heavy oil 5¡¢LPG (excluding that to replace coal) 6¡¢Artificial coal gas 7¡¢Refinery gas 8¡¢LPG and light diesel to replace coal 9¡¢Coke and anthracite coal for blast furnace injection 497 13.4% 305 268 6.4% 10.5 30.2 17.8 18.1 95 48 87 26 2.6% 1.3% 2.4% 0.7% 115 10.5 95 2.6% 50 21 4.2 1.4 3 26.4 30 17 36 321 50 25 26 164 0.4% 0.9% 7.6% 1.2% 0.6% 0.6% 3.9% 607 735 19.8% 850 20.2% 100GWh 100GWh 100GWh 100GWh 100GWh 185 5.0% 364 unit Physical amount tce 3708 1201 Share(%) 100% 32.4% 620 147 15 115 343 270 6.4% Physical amount 2008 tce 4201 1860 Share(%) 100% 44.3% 10¡¢Final coal consumption 834 22.5% 400 314 7.4% Note£ºThe total supply of natural gas is 5 billion cubic meters, excluding that delivered to Yanshan Petrochemistry Co. But final consumption of natural gas should reflect the substitution of heavy oil in end use by natural gas. Final consumption of natural gas (2.64 billion cubic meters about) excludes that consumed by power generators, heating supply, vehicles, etc. Natural gas used by vehicles is the replacement of oil, while the other use of natural gas is inputs in energy conversion. 3 Main clean energy projects The main clean energy projects listed below are aimed to contribute to the Olympic Games, for which investment is required between 2002 and 2007. 3.1 Natural gas By the energy-mix readjustment plan mentioned above, 5 billion cubic meters of natural gas will be demanded in 2008. The maximum annual transmission capacity of the first Shaanxi-Beijing long-distance pipeline is about 3.3 billion cubic meters, in which at most 2.4 billion cubic meters can serve for Beijing. Therefore, Beijing should initiate the construction of the second long-distance pipeline immediately. * Gas source Besides the second long-distance pipeline, expansion of Dazhangtuo Underground Gas Storage Project and other new underground gas storage projects will be constructed as well. * Urban distribution network Urban gas distribution networks, city gate stations, pressure regulator stations, ball-type gas holders and other facilities will be constructed, while existing distribution networks and pressure regulator stations for artificial coal gas will be reconstructed to distribute natural gas. * Gas stations As committed in the bidding report to the IOC, 90% buses and all municipal vehicles (for environmental protection and postal service) will be powered by clean fuels in 2008. Accordingly, about 50 natural gas stations and 100 LPG stations need to be built. Vehicles using gas as fuel for public transport and municipal services will be purchased or retrofitted, taxis as well. * Fuel-switch projects for boilers In urban area, 5000 coal-fired boilers will be retrofitted to use natural gas by 2005. The remaining 3000 coal-fired boilers in the suburbs will be retrofitted by 2007, while coal-fired facilities in counties and districts of outer suburbs will also be retrofitted if permitted by specific conditions. Gaojing Power Plant will switches to gas-fired. * District gas-fired cogeneration projects Tsinghua Plant, Yizhuang Plant, Dianzicheng Plant and Shangdi Plant will be constructed. 3.2 Electricity * Generation projects Caoqiao Gas-fired Cogeneration Plant, Taiyanggong Gas-fired Cogeneration Plant, and gas turbine units of the Third Cogeneration Plant (phase I and II) will be constructed. Outside Beijing, several power plants will be built such as Wangtan Power Plant (phase I), Zhenglangi Power Plant (phase I) and Daihai Power Plant (phase I) in Inner Mongolia, and Xiahuayuan Power Plant (phase VI). * Transmission projects The transmission projects to be constructed consist of building or upgrading 500kV and urban 220kV power grids, replacing the overhead lines with underground cables along key urban streets and around Olympic Games fields, upgrading electric facilities in Olympic stadiums and relative areas, and upgrading electric distribution for reconstruction projects of dangerous and aged dwellings in downtown. * Electric space heating projects in Old City Reserve Zone Necessary electric construction and renovation will be completed to guarantee the space heating for the one-storey buildings in the reserve zone within the Second Ring Road. 3.3 Heating power Shuangyushu Heating Plant will be expanded and Caoqiao Gas-Fired Cogeneration Plant built. The accessory projects of outside heat supply network for Gaobeidian Cogeneration Plant and other heat-supply networks will be completed. The heat-supply system in Olympic Park and surrounding area will be constructed and renovated. 3.4 New energy and new technology for energy-use * Space heating with geothermal energy and water source heat pumps There will be 160 geothermal wells completed in the city by 2008. The construction of geothermal heating project in Olympic Garden will be completed to serve 0.40 million square meters in the stadiums and gymnasiums for space heating. * Solar energy To devote major efforts to promote energy solar utilization, 3MW solar cells will be constructed in Olympic Park as a demonstrating project, where 90% hot water produced by solar energy. Solar photo electricity application project and solar thermal utilization project in Olympic Park are constructed. * Wind power The existing and planned wind power capacity is 50MW in the outer suburb areas of Beijing, which can supply mainly 20% of the electricity demand of Olympic Park as committed in the bidding report to the IOC. Efforts will be made to purchase wind power from the neighboring provinces during the Olympic Games. The feasibility of wind power development in Yanqing, north west of Beijing, is also under investigation. * Biomass energy Quality of rural energy will improve, leading to improvement in rural energy use, air and water environment and comprehensive utilization of agricultural wastes. Main measures include biomass gasification projects for centralized biogas supply and large-scale biogas energy-environment projects * Fuel cells and electric vehicles Efforts will be made in research and development of fuel-cell-driven and power-driven vehicles aiming to mitigate the pollution induced by transportation. 4 Projects for reducing coal as fuel and measures for rationed use of coal In 2008, coal will not be used as fuel in the final energy consumption in planned urban area and reduced to a certain amount in outer suburbs. 4.1 Projects for reducing coal as fuel * Gaojing Power Plant is switched to gas-fired generation, reducing 1.50 million tons of coal; * Steel production at Capital Steel Mill will decrease to 6 million tons till 2005; and coke ovens No.2, No.4 and No.5 will be shut down through 2008, reducing coal by 1.20 million tons; and steel production will further decrease; * The Beijing Coking and Chemistry Plant will stop production in 2005, reducing coal by 3 million tons; and * Coal-fired boilers fully in urban and suburb areas and partly in the outer suburb areas will be retrofitted, reducing coal by 11.15 million tons. 4.2 Measures of rational use of coal With the implementation of the energy mix readjustment plan in Beijing, the total coal consumption will be less than 15 million tons by 2008. According to the various uses and clean coal technologies and clean combustion technologies currently available, the following measures of efficient coal use are to be taken. * High quality and low sulfur content coal, coal washing, and briquette Only washed coal or high quality and low sulfur content coal can be allowed to directly use by boilers for space heating and production. For power generation high quality coal has been used in the First Cogeneration Plant and Gaobeidian Cogeneration Plant; it is suggested for other power plants that high quality and low sulfur content coal will be substituted for current fuel coal. In outer suburbs and counties, briquettes will be used gradually. * Clean combustion technologies These technologies are essentially applied in power plants such as CFB and IGCC. When conditions permitting, feasibility of construction of new power plants in counties and districts in the outer suburbs basing on these technologies will be studied . * Control technologies for coal-firing induced pollution Mature technologies are applied to power plants including desulfurization, denitrification and low nitrogen combustion procedures. All currently operating coal-fired power plants in Beijing should be transformed, and adoption of desulfurization and denitrification procedures will be completed before 2005 so that the total emissions of SO2 and NOx will be declined. 5 Policy instruments 5.1 Preferential policies encouraging use of clean energy * Reduction or exemption of gas pipeline investment fee for clean energy users; * Adjustment of natural gas pricing system including seasonal price, and preferential prices for large users; * Preferential policies to support duel switching from coal-fired boilers; and * Establishment of reasonable time-of-use tariffs of electricity to promote energy-storage electric heaters working at late night. 5.2 Strict pollutants emission standards on boiler to limit the use of non-clean energy * Establishment and enforcement of local emission standards of Beijing on boiler-induced pollutants, stricter than the national standards; * Raising the level of pollution fees on SO2 and flue dust emission; and * Implementation of charge rate on NOx emissions. 5.3 Dissemination and application of hi-tech in energy supply and energy consumption * Research and spread of clean combustion, clean coal and heat pump technologies with efforts; * Consolidation of scientific research and introduction of new technologies in energy sector; * Increase in technology content in energy development, supply and consumption; * Overall increase of comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy; and * Enhancement of energy saving management, establishment of preferential policies to promote upgrading existing energy-intensive equipment and procedures with new technologies to decrease energy intensity of products. 5.4 Dissemination and application of renewable energy such as solar, geothermal and biomass energy * Enhancement of the development and application of new energy and renewable energy increasing their share in energy mix; * Preferential policies with investment subsidies to promote the development of new energy and renewable energy; * Promotion and spread advanced new energy and renewable energy technologies based on real circumstances in Beijing through scientific and technical development and pilot projects; and * Formulation of appropriate regulations on system reforms; through preferential low interest rate, venture investment or tax reduction and exemption, price subsidy and award, and other measures to support and facilitate the development of new energy and renewable energy. Beijing Olympic Action Plan Sub-plan for Environmental Protection This sub-plan is made on the basis of the Objectives and Tasks listed by the Beijing Olympic Action Plan, aiming at realizing Green Olympics, enhancing sustainability of the city and ensuring the 2008 Olympics to create rich and unique environmental heritage for Beijing, China and the Olympic movements. 1. Present Environmental Status (1) Environmental Quality and Ecological Conditions With the fast economic development in Beijing, breakthroughs were also made in the prevention and control of environmental pollution, the improvement of environmental quality and the strengthening of eco-environmental conservation. During the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, about 34 billion RMB Yuan investment was made to protect the environment, accounting for 3.3% of the GDP of the period. From 1999 to 2001, the city¡¯s annual environmental investment has exceeded 10 billion RMB Yuan. In 2001, the natural gas supply for the urban area of Beijing reached 1.4 billion cubic meters; the floor area heated by centralized-heating system covered 100 million square meters; the area heated by electricity and geo-thermal energy reached 6 million square meters; and all coal-burning small cooking and hot water stoves and 8,600 sets of coal-burning heating boilers in the urban area have been converted to cleaner energy. Through banning leaded gas and enforcement of more stringent emission standards, over 400,000 vehicles have reached the emission limits equivalent to those applied in Europe in early 1990¡¯s. All industrial discharge has hit the state limits by May 2000. the domestic refuse received safe treatment and disposal. On the other hand, the number of the autobus and trolley bus reached 13,000 and the total length of rail transportation increased to 54 kilometers. The programs for building urban green shelter, afforestation in the remote area, development of ecological agriculture, soil erosion control and desert and barren land reclamation are all well under way. By 2001, urban and main towns¡¯ green coverage rate increased to 38.8% and city-wide green coverage rate reached 44%. Building of three green shelters in the mountainous, plain and urban areas has made great progress. The central government supported ecological restoration and conservation around Beijing-Tianjin and in the northern China as a whole is very well progressed. In 2001, the annual averages of SO2, NOX, TSP and CO in urban air decreased to 0.064, 0.127, 0.370 and 2.6 milligram per cubic meter respectively, about 47%, 16%, 2% and 21% down compared with 1998 when the pollution was most serious. With the renovation and pollution control efforts, water quality in the urban waterways has reached national standards for their respective functions. In general, city-wide ecological conservation has been carried out steadily. With above progresses, a working mechanism led by the municipal government, supervised collectively by the environmental departments, managed by different departments and participated by the general public has been formed. The laws and regulations for the environmental protection and the management systems have been formulated and enforced. In August 2000, the Green Olympic Action Plan was signed jointly by Beijing Olympic Bidding Committee, the relevant municipal authorities and more than 20 environmental NGO¡¯s. With the implementation of the plan, The concept of Green Olympics becomes more and more popular among the Beijing citizens. Generally speaking, a solid foundation has been laid for the strategy of the Green Olympics in the aspects of legislation, technology, economy and public awareness. (2) Major Environmental Challenges Despite the great progress made in recent years in Beijing¡¯s environmental protection and ecological conservation, there is still much for us to do to reach the requirement of a green Olympic Games, owing much to the restrictions in natural geography and climate conditions and the environmental pollution caused by human activities. The air pollution in the urban area is still serious. Particle concentration in the ambient air still keeps at relatively high level while the concentration of other pollutants has come close to or already met the national standards. The shortage of water resource exaggerates the pollution of water body. The main problems are the shortage of water resources and the irrational structure in water consumption, which has caused a serious lack of water used for ecological purpose. Moreover, there are not enough facilities to collect and treat the wastewater in the rural area while sewerage treatment rate in the urban area is still low. The regional ecological system is fragile. Green coverage in the city still needs to be expanded and green land maintenance needs to be strengthened. The lack of green land in the downtown in particular, directly affects the healthy of the urban ecological system, which has led to, for example, an obvious heat island effect. In addition, the suburban area linking the urban and rural, still needs much improvement in its environmental outlook, green coverage and infrastructure. Moreover, the mechanisms for the collection, transportation, recycling and treatment of hazardous wastes, industrial solid wastes and domestic refuse need to be improved. Control of noise, electric-magnetic radiation and radiological safety require more attention. In the foreseeable future, a number of factors affecting environment, including city size, population, energy and resources consumption, vehicle fleet, water demand in urban area and the scale of construction, will keep increasing or maintain at a high level. More active measures to prevent and treat environmental pollution and improve the environmental quality should be taken to safeguard and improve the urban environmental quality and regional ecosystem. 2. Guideline and Objectives (1) Guideline The special effect of preparing and holding a Green Olympics in Beijing lies in: (a)to create a clean and beautiful environment for the 2008 Olympic Games and enhance the sustainability of the city; (b) to avoid any possible negative impact on the environment by the Olympic activities, and make the Games play an exemplary role in environmental protection in Beijing and the whole country; (c) to highlighting the principle of achieving harmony between man and the nature so as to improve the environmental and ecological awareness of the public. Achieving Green Olympics have been taken as guiding principle of this sub-plan, which is targeted at building a sound ecosystem for the city while fulfilling environmental commitments made in the bid. The sub-plan gives full consideration to present status with first priority given to meeting the demands of the people. Phased measures are planned to realize an all-round improvement in Beijing¡¯s environmental quality and the sustainable development. In generally, the sub-plan aims to create a clean and beautiful environment for 2008 Olympic Games. (2) Objectives Overall objectives: By 2008, based on the remarkable improvement in the regional ecosystem around Beijing-Tianjin, the environmental quality of different districts or waters in the city with specific functions should comply with their respective national standards, and the citywide ecosystem should be substantially improved. The environmental commitments made in the bid in connection with the preparation and staging of Olympic Games will be fully performed. In addition, guided by the principle of sustainable development, 2008 Olympic Games should show the world a great green event with outstanding contribution to environmental protection. Major Indicators: Ambient air quality: By 2008, the main air pollutants should meet the national standards based on the remarkable regional ecosystem improvement. During the Olympic period in 2008, concentration of SO2, NO2 and O3 in urban area should reach the WHO guidelines and the particles should be comparable to that in the major cities in the developed countries. Water environment: By 2008, the water quality of Miyun and Huairou reservoir should keep meeting national standards, Guanting reservoir should basiclly resume the function of drinking water source; tap water quality should continue to meet WHO guidelines. The sewerage treatment rate (secondary treatment) in the urban area and the satellite towns should be increased to 90%, and the reclamation rate should come close to 50%. Ecological conversation and construction: The structure of water consumption should be rationalized with more water available for ecological purpose. Moreover, over 70% of the soil erosion in the mountainous area and 100% of sandy bare land should be controlled. By 2007, urban and main towns¡¯ green coverage rate and city-wide green coverage rate should be raised to 45% and 50% respectively, thus forming three green shelters in the mountainous, plain and urban areas for the city. The agricultural area pollution and the wind-borne dust in the bare farmland should be harnessed. The natural reserves should cover around 10% of the territory of the city. Industrial pollution: With the industrial pollution sources meeting the discharge limits steadily, the total discharge quantity of the pollutants should be further reduced and more efforts will be made to readjust the industrial structure and layout. Comprehensive renovation in heavily polluting industries located in the southeastern suburban and Shijingshan should be fasten. Especially, the production of iron and steel and cement should be reduced. Moreover, about 200 enterprises in the urban area should be relocated and efficient measures should be taken to prevent and control pollution in the key industries and the industrial pollution sources in suburban areas. Solid wastes, noise, electric-magnetic radiation and radioactivity: By 2005, all the domestic refuse generated in the urban and the satellite towns should receive proper treatment and disposal with 50% being separately collected and 30% recycled. 80% of the industrial solid wastes should be reused or recycling and all the hazardous wastes should be safely treated and disposed. By 2008, the noise in the constructed urban areas should basically reach the national standard, the electric-magnetic radiation and radioactivity should be maintained complying with national standards. 3. Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution In the period of this sub-plan, emphasis will be laid on the particle control in the air pollution control and protection of drinking water sources in water pollution control, thus to realize a fast improvement in the environmental quality. To tackle both symptoms and causes, this process needs not only the traditional end-of-pipe measures, but also the source reduction instruments like promoting cleaner production, developing recycled economy, raising higher standard, refining city plan, adjusting energy structure, improving industrial layout, and introduction of automobiles at higher quality. In this way, the total discharge of pollutants should be reduced significantly, leading environmental pollution control to a new stage. (1) Prevention and Control of Air Pollution The air quality improvement of Beijing is a complex challenge that not only involves the urban area, but also relies on the ecological improvement in the whole city and the surrounding areas. While strengthening the initiative to reduce air pollution within the urban area, citywide and regional ecological improvement, agricultural and industrial structure adjustment, and rational utilize of limited water resources are all of critical importance. Prevention and control of coal-burning pollution: Beijing will greatly increase the use of cleaner energy and reduce coal burning in the urban areas. In 2007, the total coal consumption in the city will be reduced to less than 15 million tons from over 26 million tons in 2001; coal burned in the urban area will be reduced from 16 million tons in 2001 to about 8 million tons with only high quality coal with low sulfur content allowed in the city. At the same time, efforts will be made to popularize the renewable energy, including solar, geothermal and wind energy. The second natural gas transmission pipeline from the gas field to Beijing will be built to increase natural gas supply capacity to 5 billion cubic meters in 2008. Planned power transmission and distribution projects will be completed to introduce power from the surrounding area into Beijing. Advanced technology, like heat pump will be applied along with the urban rehabilitation to provide electric heating service for about 20 million square meters¡¯ floor area in 2007. Natural gas power generation projects in Beijing Third Co-generation Power Plant and Gaojing Power Plant will be accomplished (the coal boiler in Gaojing Power Plant will be closed to reduce coal burning by about 1.5 million tons). New and expansion projects for gas-fired heat and cool co-generation plants will be implemented at Taiyanggong, Caoqiao and other places. In addition, the potential of the existing heating facilities will be tapped. With all these measures; floor area with district heating supply will increase by another 50 million square meters by 2008. Development of renewable energy is promoted to achieve sustainability. Geothermal resources will be exploited to expend provide heating and cooling service for around 5 million square meters floor area by 2008. Solar energy and bio-mass energy utilization will receive high attention in rural area. More attention will be paid to energy conservation regarding heat supply system reform and promotion of building energy conservation. Further energy consumption reduction in industries will be realized through restructuring and technological advancement. It is targeted to reduce energy consumption for unit GDP production by 6% annually to make Beijing join those of the leading cities in the country. By the end of 2005, all coal-burning boilers smaller than 14 MW in the urban area will be converted to cleaner energy, including that of 14 MW or larger if available. In the rural towns, it will also be encouraged to use cleaner energy to replace coal-burning and those areas having no access to cleaner energy will be encouraged to develop centralized heating system with cleaning coal technology. In the preserved old urban bungalow area, clean energy will be used for heating. The allowed coal-burning boilers of 14 MW or larger should comply with stringent emission limits through use of low sulfur coal, highly effective technology for desulfurization and dust removal and on-line monitoring instruments. Prevention and control of the vehicle emission pollution: Continue to give priority to public transportation, and lay emphasis on rail transportation (metro and light rail) so as to accelerate the development of the public transportation system in the urban area. More stringent vehicle emission limits will be introduced in the city: from January 1, 2003, the light vehicle, heavy diesel vehicle will follow the second-stage emission limits that is equivalent to Euro II, and in 2005, the third-stage limits equivalent to Euro III will come into force. Moreover, emission limits for other types of automobiles will be tightened. No new automobiles failing to meet the limits will be allowed to enter Beijing¡¯s market or be granted licenses. On the other hand, efforts shall also be made to organize supply and sales of fuels matching the new limits. At the same time, it will be encouraged to use the automobiles powered by cleaner fuels, fuel cell vehicles, electricity-powered vehicles and other types of lower emission vehicle. By 2007, 90% public buses and 70% taxies shall be converted to cleaner energy. Measures shall be made to accelerate the elimination of aging automobiles to guarantee reduction of total vehicle emission while the vehicle fleet keeps growing. Automobiles that have been in use by the end of 1992 will be discarded by 2007; the taxies with more than 500,000 kilometers¡¯ driving age should be timely scraped. Rules for eliminating the motorcycles will be formulated and enforced and national stipulations on eliminating the vehicles for agricultural use will be strictly enforced. More simplified dyna-mometer test lines will be provided to apply this exhaust test approach to all in-use vehicles and the limits will be lowered. Environmental label management will be strengthened; traffic control will be tightened according to different automobile exhaust levels and I/M system will be mandated. Quality of the oil for automobile shall be safeguarded. Take stronger measures in law enforcement by relying on the departments of both environmental protection and traffic control so that more than 90% of the automobiles¡¯ exhaust will come up to the limits. On the basis of the improvement of the road traffic and the public transit systems, reasonable number of parking lots in the downtown area shall be provided with the price of parking set at reasonable level to control the traffic flow volume on the motorway in the urban area. Measures will be taken to divert transit vehicles from other parts of the country from entering the Fifth Ring Road by 2004. Moreover, other measures to reduce traffic jam and encourage people to use public transits and bicycles shall be adopted. Prevention and control of air-borne dust pollution: All construction sites must reach the standard stipulated for environmental protection and existing effective measures and systems will carried on to control the dust pollution. Resolute measures will be taken to control the air-borne dust raised on motorways. All transportation vehicles for bulk cargo driving within the Fourth Ring Road should be installed with enclosed tanks. By 2005, all the main motorways in the urban area will be cleaned and water-sprayed through mechanized equipment. Beijing Municipal Provision on Environmental Sanitation, Beijing Municipal Provision on Greening and other stipulations will be strictly enforced to further clarify the responsibility of relevant authorities and make regular check-up and inspections. To 2005, no bare land will remain in the urban area and city skirt. Management of the sand/stone farms will be tightened. To control raising dust in the bare farmland, farmers will be required to leave the stubble in the field without traditional plough. Control of the secondary pollution. Above measures to cut the gaseous pollutants are effective means for controlling the production of secondary particles and ozone pollution. As well, to control VOC, active measures will be taken to cut the emissions from industry and commercial activities, building painting and daily life. By 2005, all the gas stations, main oil storage tanks and the oil refinery enterprises in the city should have installed hermetical oil gas recovery facilities. Open spray painting will be banned and enterprises must install facilities to recycle and treat the waste gas. Use of organic coating materials and organic dissolvent will be controlled while water dissolvent coating materials and other substitute technology will be promoted. The smoke from restaurants will be treated and the organic materials will be reduced with the emissions reaching their relevant limits. (2) Prevention and Control of Water Pollution Water is the core of a healthy ecosystem. The prevention and control of water pollution should consider reasonable development and utilization of regional water resources and water cycle. According to the state plan on the pollution control and management of the Haihe River Basin, emphasis is laid on the protection of Miyun Reservoir and the groundwater sources and restoring the Guanting reservoir as drinking water source. Great efforts will be made to reclaim the effluent from the sewerage collection and treatment facilities to provide more water for environmental, municipal purpose and production. The protection of drinking water source to safeguard the quantity and quality of water. Cooperation with the upper reaches area shall be strengthen in the process of Haihe River Basin pollution control to safeguard the quantity and quality of the water from upper reaches of Miyun and Guanting reservoirs. In order to make Guanting reservoir resume the function of drinking water source, pollution control projects will be implemented as planned. More trees will be planted in the upper reaches of Miyun reservoir and Huairou reservoir to nourish the water source and eliminate soil erosion. Taking control of N and P as the focus, ecological agriculture in the surrounding area of the reservoirs will be promoted, cultivated farmland will be converted back to forest. Further measures will be taken to mitigate impact on the reservoirs by the production and life in the surrounding towns and villages. Fish farming in the protection zone will be banned. At the same time, the local rules and regulations will be strictly observed to control the business and tourist activities in the protection zone. Law enforcement team for the two reservoirs will be set up to carry out unified supervision and management. More efforts will be make to prevent and control the pollution in the aquifer of the groundwater supply zone in the western and northern suburban. Development of the sewerage collection and treatment system will be basically accomplished and sewerage percolation pits in the protection zone of ground drinking water sources will all been eliminated. Relevant measures for ecological agriculture, a large-scale water-source-nourishing forest and the domestic refuse collection and treatment in the protection zone of No.8 Waterworks will continue to be implement. Self-supply wells in the groundwater over-extracted area will be phased out and the reconstruction and expansion of existing water distribution network will be completed. Also, management of ground water sources in the rural area will be tightened. The comprehensive improvement of the urban sewage treatment system and water environment. This work will be done in the Bahe River, Qinghe River, Liangshuihe River, North-ring waterways and Wenyuhe River with a view to improving the water quality of the lower reaches of the city. By 2008, about 90% of the urban sewage will be collected and treated. Sewerage treatment plants will be established in the satellite towns to ensure a treatment of 90% of sewage (secondary treatment) and primary or secondary class sewerage treatment plants will be built in 80% of the central towns. Sludge disposal facilities should be installed for the need of sewerage treatment. In places where there is the demand, small wastewater treatment facilities should be used to extract and treat sewerage directly to provide water for cleaning, irrigation and municipal purpose. The new pipes and network will be designed and built for treatment of early-stage rainfall. Environmental management in the building and operation of the wastewater treatment plants shall be improved, market-driven mechanism will be introduced to promote commercially viable operation in wastewater sector. In 2007, the centralized on-line monitoring system will be completed for the wastewater treatment plants. Moreover, the supplying system of fresh water for the surface waterways will be improved, water stored at Miyun and Guanting reservoir will be effectively used to provide fresh water for the downstream. Management and monitoring of the urban waterways shall be strengthened to ensure that water quality can meet their respective functional standards. (3) Solid Waste Management Waste management policy, reduction, recycle and safe treatment, will be carry on and waste management will be tightened based on the principle of recycle economy. Such measures as substitution of coal, control of one-shot products, simplifying commodity package, provision of pretreated vegetable to the urban area and advocating healthy consumption, will be taken to cut the production of industrial solid wastes, commercial garbage and domestic refuse at source and promote recycling. 80% of industrial solid waste should be reused by 2005 through industrial restructuring, improved the existing reuse system for coal ash and metallurgical residues and the provision of the treatment facilities for gangue and tailings. Further improvement for reuse shall be pursuit. A strict management system for hazardous waste will be developed to realize 100% safe treatment and disposal. The hazardous waste that cannot be treated on-site will be collected and treated in central treatment and disposal facilities such as the new landfill site to be built. Another centralized treatment facility will be built to treatment medical waste, and the centralized treatment rate should reach 85% in 2005 and 90% in 2008. Management of the transportation, piling-up and utilization of the construction wastes will be strengthened. The system for separate collection, transportation and treatment of domestic refuse will be improved, and the system for waste recycle will be well developed. In addition to guarantee the normal running of the existing waste management facilities, Jiaojiapo landfill site and a number of other facilities will be developed to have all the domestic refuse in both the urban and the satellite towns receive safe treatment by 2005. By the end of 2007, 80% of center towns should have installed their own refuse treatment facilities. On-line monitoring system shall be installed for urban domestic refuse treatment sites. Measures shall be taken to prevent potential secondary pollution like air-borne dust, pollution of groundwater, incineration exhaust exceeding the standards and odor from the process of the collection and treatment of rubbish. At the same time, supervision shall be tightened to prevent hazardous waste from being mixed with urban domestic refuse, serious punishment will be imposed in case of violation. (4) Prevention and Control of Industrial Pollution The aim of the prevention and control of industrial pollution is to substantially cut the discharge. The primary approaches include implementation of total discharge quantity control program, application of life-cycle control and recycle economy, readjusting the industrial structure and layout, improvement of environment management within the enterprise, popularization of advanced technology, elimination of the outmoded technique and closing the enterprises with heavy pollution. It should be continued to control over pollution especially, the fugitive emission of air pollutants. Enterprises will be encouraged to apply the notion of recycle economy into the different links of their production. Recycle economy should be developed gradually in major industries and 1-2 ecological industrial parks will be built. ISO14000 environment management system and cleaner production will be promoted among industries to apply life-cycle control and source reduction to cut the pollutant discharge. On the basis of improved technology and sound management, the township enterprises shall proceed with restructuring in terms of industrial structure and product portfolio as well as pollution control. Environmental Impact Assessment for relocation of polluting industries in the urban area will be high-lighted to prevent the shift of the pollution toward the suburban area. By 2008, about 200 enterprises will be moved out of the south-eastern suburbs and the Fourth Ring Road. In principle, the polluting enterprises in the south-eastern suburbs will be closed down or moved out to have the lands along the Fourth Ring Road be converted to commercial or residential area instead of the industrial purpose. Control on the dust pollution in metallurgical and cement production will be tightened with special focus on the fugitive discharge. By the end of 2002, the Capital Steel & Iron Corporation will cut its steel production by 2 million tons; and further reduction shall be realized with the heavily polluting processes eliminated and the product portfolio optimized to reduce pollution. The small and medium-sized building material production enterprises in the far rural areas like Fangshan County, will be readjusted gradually and closed down instead of high and new technology processes. By 2005, all vertical kilns will be stopped and bring the cement production scale under strict control. (5) Management of Noise, Electro-Magnetic Radiation and Radioactivity Urban and community planning shall be rationally refined. Control over the noise caused by transportation, construction and social activity will be tightened. The motorway planning will give full consideration of traffic noise, at the proper sections, noise-deafening wall, noise-deafening structure and low-noise road surface will be adopted. Moreover, the large lorries that enter the city during night will be under strict control in the driving routes and speed. No blow from any kind of automobiles will be permitted within the Forth Ring Road and no whistle from the train will be allowed in the sensitive area of the city. Residents along certain sections of the railway shall be resettled as necessary, noise insulation wall shall be built along the railway and the urban rails. Noise problem around the Capital Airport will be resolved as planned, and special emphasis shall be laid on the harassment to the residents living at vicinity of the airport expansion site. Management over the report and registration of existing electric-magnetic radiation and radioactive sources and radioactive waste shall be strengthened, and the approval of new project shall be tightened. A management center for radioactive environment will be established. Storehouse for radioactive waste and the monitoring network and management system for radioactive environment will be set up. 4. Ecological Conservation and Construction In order to improve the environmental quality, it is not only needed to conduct pollution control around the city urban itself, but also needed to strengthen the ecological conservation and construction at city-wide and regional level. The long-term objective for a permanent improvement of the urban environment needs a healthy regional ecological system. Therefore, the environmental protection in Beijing includes ecological conservation and construction in the suburban plain and mountainous area and the vicinity of the Capital, as well as the prevention and treatment of the urban pollution. In order to implement the state program for eco-environmental conservation and execute the specific implementing measures of the Beijing Municipal Government, eco-environmental conservation plan of the city will be developed and define the ecological zones with various functions. Development of green area and integrated environmental sanitation control will be strengthened. Three green shelters will be formed for the city. Development of green food and organic food will be advocated to shift the traditional agriculture into ecological sound one. Restructure of water consumption will undergo adjustment to ensure the water supply for ecological purpose, and help to build a healthy ecosystem for Beijing realize the harmonious co-existence between the man and the nature. (1) Identification of Ecological Zones The water source protection zones and conservation area of Miyun Reservoir, Huairou Reservoir, Guanting Reservoir, and their surrounding areas and Waterworks No.8, the sand-retaining areas along Yongding river, Chaobai river, Dasha river basins, Nankou of Changping and Kangzhuang of Yanqing, and the soil erosion control areas in upstream of Chao river, Bai river, Yongding river and Ru river, will be identified as the key ecological conservation zones. Rescue measures will be taken for ecological conservation in these areas, to prevent further ecological degradation through a strictly controlled utilization and scientific restoration. Mandatory measures will be adopted to protect the resources conservation zones of water, land, forest, mineral, aquatic products, bio-species and tourism. Areas with groundwater over exploited and fragile ecosystem will be defined to ban the mineral exploitation, land use and logging. Establishing Ecological Demonstration District and Ecological Agriculture County will be promoted in the rural area. Highly efficiency and ecologically sound agriculture will be developed to realize sustainable development and build a healthy ecological system. Constructing natural reserves shall receive high attention, additional 15-20 natural reserves located at Xiaolongmen, Miyun Reservoir and other areas will be added by 2005. After further successive expansion, about natural reserves will cover around 10% of Beijing¡¯s territory by 2008. Environmental protection in the places embodying cultural, historical and natural relics will be promoted. Integrated planning and management of tourism will give priority to the development of ecological tourism and improvement of forest parks and scenic resorts. Rules, supporting standard and evaluation system for eco-environmental conservation will be developed to form a strict ecological monitoring system. (2) Rational Development and Utilization of Water Resources The basic principle for the rational utilization of water resources is to try every possible means to keep the source of surface and ground water clean, make ultimate use of storm-water and reclaimed water to ensure provision of the water for ecological use. Water-efficient agriculture and industry shall be developed to build a water-efficient city. Water saving efforts will continue, the price of water supply shall be increased by a reasonable margin. By 2005, all the farmland and fruit gardens will be irrigated by water-saving equipment and the water for farm use should have a sharp decrease. By 2007, the water for industrial use should decline to 440 million cubic meters from the present 600 million. Moreover, water saving in daily life will be encouraged, the popularity rate of water efficient appliance should reach 80%. Gray water reuse among the public institutions and residential communities will be promoted. Wastewater reclamation facilities will be developed along with the set-up of sewerage treatment plants. By 2005, the wastewater reclamation after necessary treatment in urban area will reach 300 million cubic meters (reuse for agricultural and industrial purposes, municipal use, green land irrigation and supplementary of waterways). The reuse rate of effluent from the sewerage treatment plants will go up to about 50% by 2008. Program for rational exploitation of groundwater will be developed to gradually raise the groundwater level. Emphasis would be laid on control over exploitation of groundwater for industrial and agricultural use. Investigations and studies on the exploitation and utilization of groundwater in plain area will be launched. Importance will be attached to the protection of the existing ecological system in wetlands and development of artificial wetland as appropriate. At the same time, storm-water will be developed as alternative water resource to supplement and nourish the source of ground water. Main approach will be interception and recharge during the flood season through the forestation in front of the mountains, the plantation with tree patches, the treatment of sand/stone farms and the development of wetland system. Recharging groundwater with treated wastewater and combination of recharging and storage will be studied. Standards for various use of reclaimed wastewater will be formulated to promote wastewater reuse. (3) Green Shelters By 2005, three green shelters will be formed for the city. 100,000 hectare¡¯s forest will be increased in the mountainous area to realize 70% forest coverage in the mountainous area. In the plain area, 23,000 hectare¡¯s green belt along five waterways and ten highways and forest network in the farmland will be built; satellite towns and the center towns will be brought to meet the standards of Garden Town. 12,500 hectare¡¯s green shelter will be formed for the urban area and the second green shelter shall be built. By 2007, about 470,000 hectares¡¯ soil erosion land will be controlled, accounting for 70% of the total erosion area. (4) Transforming of Desert Areas Control of the five sands hazard sources along the three rivers and two sandy area (namely, the Yongding River, the Chaobai River, the Dasha River and at Kangzhuang in Yanqing County and Nankou in Changping), will be facilitated. By 2005, over 10,000 hectares¡¯ forest to defend wind and retain sand will be planted. By 2007, all the potential desertifying farmlands will be under control. Beijing will work closely with relevant provinces in the ecological improvement program for Beijing, Tianjin, and the surrounding area organized by the central goverment. (5) Agricultural Restructuring Along with agricultural restructuring and development of ecological agriculture, Beijing will lay emphasis on agriculture¡¯s role in the protection of water, air and soil. Grain production especially paddy field shall be reduced; agricultural area pollution source pollution caused by husbandry of livestock and poultry shall be controlled. Moreover, use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide shall be substantially reduced. Agricultural land use plan shall be updated to readjust crop production structure, actively develop green agriculture, return the related farmland to forest and grassland and stop new reclamation for agricultural use. Air-borne dust from farmland shall be reduced by planting winter crop, improving the farmland forestry network and leaving the stubble in the farm without traditional plough. Also, protective cultivation technology shall be promoted and high quality and high efficiency ecological agriculture will be developed to eliminate seasonal bare farmland by 2005. Moreover, by 2004, all the husbandry industry in the area of protection zones of drinking water sources and within the Fifth Ring Road will be closed down or moved out. By 2007, all the wastewater from the allowed large scale husbandry industry will should comply with discharge limits after necessary treatment and night soil utilization rate shall reach 90%. Great effort will be made to develop the production based of safe food, green food and organic food, implement standardized management and ensure 100% of the food product reaching the safety standard. (6) Bio-diversity Conservation On the basis of the features of the mountainous, plain, and urban area, separate ecological systems will be identified with specific plans set for ecological conservation and construction. Emphasis will be laid on the ecosystem conservation in the plain area linking the mountain area and urban area to form the natural and semi-natural ecological corridor linking the downtown area with the outer area. Protection of the wildlife and the ancient famous trees and restoration of the rare plants and animals will receive high attention. By 2005, the research center for biological disease control in the forest area, the monitoring system for wild plant and wetland, and the monitoring center for wildlife shall be established. By 2008, the first aid center for the wildlife and the protection center for aquatic wildlife shall be set up. Research will also be made on the technology of reintroducing animals and the approaches to restore the rare wildlife in natural habitat. The reserves for the wetland along Weishui River, Wenyu river, and at Hanshiqiao will be restored. In building of various green lands, emphasis will be laid on the configuration of bio-diversity, to establish big artificial green land for different species, for better protection of the wild bird in the urban area. Research on relevant genetic technologies will be launched. (7) Urban Forestation and Landscape Improvement By 2005, 40% of the city¡¯s urban area will be covered with green land, and by 2007, this figure will go over 43%. State Standard for Garden City will be strictly observed. Each of the central district in the city urban shall build 2 stretches of large green land of 3-5 hectares and each suburban district is required to build 3 large pieces of green land with more than 10 hectares. That will create a total of 50 large green lands with more than 1 hectares¡¯ area. Every means possible will be tried to expand the public green land to basically provide a street park in every 500 meters block. More green should be added aside the Second Ring Road and the 2 axle-roads of city layout both from north to south and east to west. Along other waterways and motorways, high-class green belt shall be built, especially along the 255 main streets and roads. Three-dimension plantation will be advocated to add green to the walls and flyovers. Roof plantation will be practiced. The residents will be encouraged to add green to their balcony. Efforts to dismantle walls to give a view of green and dismantle the illegal building occupying reserved green land will continue. Water surface in the urban area will be well maintained and expanded as appropriate. Landscape of water surface will be improved. (8) Comprehensive City Renovation Beijing will say no to any new illegal building. By 2004, all existing illegal buildings in the urban area will be dismantled, and the campaign shall be completed citywide by 2007. Efforts to rectify the order and environmental in suburb linking the urban and rural area will be intensified, and management of the floating population in such places will be strengthened. By 2007, the environment status and management in such part will come up to the level of the urban area. Domestic refuse collection facilities shall be rehabilitated to realize airtight and prompt transportation and the clearance of the waste. More attention would be paid to the outlook of the urban buildings and the relevant facilities so that the style of an ancient capital can be kept in an orderly and beautiful manner. 5. Specific Environmental and Ecological Protection Measures for Olympic Games (1) Site Selection Land using plan of the city should be observed in selection of sites for venues and routes for the competitions. All venues shall be constructed in planned sports and cultural areas, and shall be away from the water source protection area, natural reserves, wildlife conservation area and other environmentally sensitive areas. The cultural relics in the planned Olympic Green shall be preserved and protected during the construction period of the venues. By completion of the Olympic Green, the surrounding environment of these relics will be substantially improved and the local landscape should be fully integrated into the Olympic facilities. Environmental impact assessment shall be prepared for the preparation and staging of the Games. (2) Clean Energy In the design of the venues, full consideration will be given to make use of natural light and ventilation. Photovoltaic technology will be applied to utilize solar energy in supporting facilities, including the road lamp of the venue, the lawn lighting facilities, lamp for public lavatory and irrigation. The hot water for the shower in the Olympic Village will be heated with solar cells. Geothermal and other types of renewable energy sources will be exploited in the surrounding areas, to supply heating and cooling service to the Olympic Green with application of water heat pump technology and other new technologies. wind mill will be studied. Part of power supply for the Olympic Green will come from wind mill out of Beijing, the potential of building local (3) Clean Transportation The city¡¯s existing public transportation system will be expanded to provide transportation service for the Games. Rail will be built to link the urban metro and the venues. Preferential policies will be formulated to encourage taking public transportation, for example, spectators can enjoy free services on specific bus lines to the competition venues. In the Olympic Green, no emission or ultra-low emission vehicles will be used. To encourage the use of bicycles, specific bicycle lanes and bicycles will be provided in the Village. (4) Resources Conservation To be water and energy efficient constitutes the main guideline in the Olympic venue construction and activities. Water and energy efficient building materials and equipment will be selected for the venues. To protect the drinking water sources, water pollution prevention and control technologies will be applied in building of venues located close to the water source conversation area. In the Olympic Green, treated sewage and wastewater will be used for irrigating the green land, cleaning the automobiles and site cleaning and the lake or waterways shall be maintained at high quality. Measures will be taken to protect tourism resources and other cultural and geological heritage. (5) Wastes Management Use of one-shot things will be restricted. Waste from the shops and other service facilities will be separately collected for centralized treatment. Medical wastes will be sent to off-site centralized facility for safe treatment. (6) Forestation A seven square kilometers¡¯ Olympic forest park will be developed. Large scale water-efficient green land with specific characteristics will be built around the different venues. The green area shall accounts for 40-50% of the total of all Olympics projects. Plants will be carefully selected, giving preference to local ones, try to plant bush, perennial root flowers and cover plant so as to reach a harmonious effect among these plants and realize integration into the natural landscape. (7) Green Product Part of the supporting facilities, materials and appliances will use recyclable or recycled materials; BOCOG¡¯s main publications will use recycled paper. Life-cycle assessment will be adopted in selection of building materials. (8) Clean Technology Clean energy technology, fuel cell technology, advanced transportation management technology, new building material technology and so on will be widely adopted in Olympic projects. Ozone depleting substance control program will be implemented six years ahead of the original schedule. (9) Clean Construction All the construction activities must conform to the above-mentioned principles, measures shall be taken to control noise, dust and arrange transportation so as to minimize impact on the environment and people¡¯s daily life. (10) Environmental Education and Public Participation Green Olympic Action Plan published in August 2000 will be fully implemented. An education center for sustainable development will be built in the Olympic Green. Environmental education on Green Olympics will be launched among the middle and primary schools. 6. Management and Assurance Measures In order to secure a smooth execution of different measures, emphasis will be laid on the building of the legal system for environmental protection, formulation and enforcement of relevant rules and regulations, encouraging innovation in the mechanism and policies and implement modern environmental management to realize Green Olympics principle. (1) Improvement of City Management The integrated decision-making mechanism for environment and development will be improved. The system will be adept in which the administrative leaders are held responsible for environmental decision-making and responsible for the goal achievement. A unified supervision and management system and relevant feedback system should be developed. Law violators must be blamed and punished. The existing city master plan will be subject to revision and updating. Management over the population living at the city skirt will be strengthened. Urbanization process of the suburban areas will be accelerated to reduce the population pressure on city and improve the people¡¯s living standard. The concept of City Business will be practiced in reform of the investment and financing system for environment protection and infrastructure development to drastically enhance the city¡¯s sustainability. The balance among social development, economic construction and environmental protection is of vital importance for the development of a city. Recycle economy will be observed as guiding principle to coordinate the economic activities and social progress in Beijing. Along with readjusting economic structure and raising the resource efficiency, the industries focus on recycle economy will be encouraged. A feed back process model of resources¡îproduct¡îrecycle resources will be established as a whole to secure a rational and long-term utilization of materials and energy and establish and phase in a recycling-pervasive society. Waste reduction, reuse, and recycle in resource utilization, municipal service, industrial and agricultural production, commercial operation and daily life will be receive high attention and priority. Cleaner production in industries and ecological restoration in agricultural activities are of special concern for development of an ecosystem friendly economy. (2) Strengthening of Environmental Supervision In line with the current situation, the local legal system for environmental protection will be upgraded. Enactment and amendment of the rules and regulations on prevention and control of noise, hazardous wastes, and dust would be the priority. Standards for the automobile exhaust, the discharge of pollutants from boilers, etc., will be updated. Volatile organic compound (VOC) emission limits and other standards will be introduced at appropriate timing. Levies on discharge of SO2 and NOx shall increase. More emphasis will be attached to the enforcement of environmental laws with harsher punishment imposed on violation cases. The enforcement team will be expanded and strengthened to improve the qualification of the team. Joint actions will be launched in major environmental enforcement programs. Environmental management will be tightened to promote both total amount control and life-cycle control. Total amount control should be conducted on the basis of the environmental carrying capacity. Pollution discharge permitting and registration system will be refined; implementation of deadline control tool in pollution treatment will be high lightened. Risk assessment and post assessment will be required for construction projects in environmentally sensitive areas; regional EIA and strategic EIA will be developed as necessary. (3) Environmental Awareness Improvement Full scale and long-term environmental awareness program will be developed and implemented and environmental alarming publicity will be launched. Youth environmental education bases will be increased. Environmental reporting system will be improved with the environment information regularly published and relevant hotline and websites 24-hour opened. Compliant accessibility and response will be improved and be exposed to the supervision by the public. Public participation will be introduced in the relevant management and decision-making processes. Influence shall be imposed to guide the public to bring up an environment-friendly consumption mode. (4) Capacity Building Pollution control and ecosystem conservation rely heavily on scientific advance. Environmental scientific research focused on air pollution control will continue to carried out and multi-discipline studies in economy, system, law, culture, education, auditing and the consumption habit will be promoted. Computerized environmental information management would be provided. An environmental monitoring and control center will be set up to provide sophisticated environmental monitoring and control, which will be expanded to cover regional ecosystem. A modern emergency response and aid team will be set up. Attention would be paid on the application of advanced technology and the technological service for environmental protection. (5) Economic Instruments Based on the requirements of market economy, attention would be paid on study of cost-effectiveness of environmental measures and other economic instruments and policies. It would be needed to raise the levies on the discharge of pollutants and the centralized treatment of solid waste and sewage to the level a little higher than the treatment costs. Heating tariff will be reasonably adjusted and efforts will be made to shift heating tariff collection mode to be based on the actual energy consumption. Provision of preferential price (such as different prices at peak hours and valley hours) for heating with electricity will be highlighted and implemented. Policies to encourage for utilization of clean energy and renewable energy, wastes recycle, relocation of factories and comprehensive utilization of wastes will be developed. Pollution permit trade will be piloted in selected sectors and areas. A sound environmental investment and financing mechanism will be developed to encourage participation by enterprises and private sector. International cooperation will be strengthened. Environmental input will be maintained at over 4% of the GDP of the same period. (6) Green Olympic Environmental Management System An environmental management system will be established to strengthen management and supervision on implementation of Green Olympics. In line with the guideline of this sub-plan, requirements to implement Green Olympics¡¯ and relevant national and local regulations and standards, specific technical standards and guidelines will be developed for Olympic facilities. They will include indoor and outdoor air quality, hygienic monitoring at public places, environmental safety assessment, the qualification of the sponsors, the evaluation of the building materials and the environmental requirements in architectural designs, etc. An advisory network participated by the experts both at home and abroad, non-government organizations, enterprises, sponsors and citizens will be set up. A professional audit and assessment system will be organized to ensure continuous improvement in the implementation of Green Olympics principle. An environmental emergence response mechanism during the Olympic period will be developed. Environmental impact assessment will be required for all Olympic projects and facilities. Whole process monitoring and assessment will be launched in the preparation and staging of the Olympic Games Beijing Olympic Action Plan Development of the Cultural Environment This sub-plan has been formulated in pursuit of the objectives and tasks set out in the Beijing Olympic Action Plan. It represents part of Beijing's efforts to help realize the concept of a "People's Olympics", as proposed in city's application for hosting the 2008 Olympics. Culture is one of the most important underpinnings of the Olympics in modern times. Beijing, as a modern metropolis famous for its rich history and culture, is to hold the 29th Olympic Games. This will greatly facilitate the exchange and confluence of Eastern and Western cultures, enrich the value of the Olympic spirit, promote the development of Beijing's cultural industry, and stimulate the moral, technological and cultural accomplishments of Beijing's citizens. In the development of a cultural environment for the 2008 Olympic Games, prominence will be given to the concept of a "People's Olympics", and great emphasis will be placed on the idea of "People First" in order to embody the city's "Splendid yet Simple" cultural disposition. Focused on "Improve Your Health through Sports and Better Your Soul through Culture" and "Invigorate the Economy with the Olympics and Enrich the Capital with Civilization", the development of the cultural environment is set to attract broad citizen participation and integrate various cultural resources. In the upcoming six years, efforts will be made to build Beijing into a city with concentrated cultural talent, complete cultural facilities, a developed cultural market, an advanced cultural industry, and rich cultural styles. These will lead to the creation of a rich cultural environment radiating with "Ancient Capital Charm, Chinese Style and Eastern Grandeur", which will allow Beijing to hold the most successful Olympic Games in history and present to the whole world a new image of Beijing as a city that enjoys prosperity and advanced civilization with highly motivated citizens. I. Cultural Activities Cultural activities make up an important part of the Olympic Games. The cultural activities organized in the preparation and actual holding of the Olympic Games must attract the enthusiastic participation of both the average citizens and top-notch professionals. Through meticulous design and continuous refinement, these activities will present distinctive cultural symbols that are both characteristic of Beijing and full of international appeal. (I) Olympic Ceremonies Olympic Ceremonies are the most grand, magnificent and attractive part of the Olympic Games. Professional designing of the Olympic ceremonies is to be organized as soon as possible, as is the solicitation of ceremonial designs from the public. Experts will decide which ceremonial designs are the best. The selected designs will then be carried out after approval by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Every effort will be used to make the opening and closing ceremonies into a set of most colorful and distinctive cultural celebrations. With elaborate design and organization, the passing of the Olympic Flame will help to spread and carry forward the Olympic spirit with the participation of hundreds of millions of people. The BOCOG will be entrusted with the planning, implementation and supervision of the Olympic ceremonies. (II) Olympic Cultural Festival Starting from 2003, a "Beijing Olympic Cultural Festival" will be held annually from June 23rd, the International Olympic Day, to July 13th, the day when Beijing succeeded in its Olympic bid in 2001. During the festival, lively cultural events that are rich in both content and form, including high-quality international art performances, will be staged to help extend the social impact of the Olympics, spread the Olympic ideal and demonstrate people's enthusiasm for the Olympic Games. The Olympic Cultural Festival in 2008 shall be a premiere Olympic cultural party by the highest international standards and shall represent a concentrated presentation of cultural exhibitions, art performances and many other cultural activities. Meanwhile, the 2008 International Youth Camp will also have to be properly organized. (III) Plan for Cultural Activities In the six years running up to the Olympic Games, Beijing will produce a range of carefully crafted cultural events worthy of international acclaim, and foster the growth of popular cultural activities that will appeal to average residents and can therefore attract broad citizen participation. Furthermore, Beijing will take full advantage of the significant international activities that will be organized in the coming few years, especially sports events, to provide new highlights of cultural life in Beijing. Major locations for cultural activities include Tiananmen Square, Chang'an Boulevard, the Central Axis Avenue, the China Millennium Monument, public squares featuring Beijing's unique architecture, the Olympic Green and other key parks. The world's largest public square, longest boulevard and sole central axis avenue, all found in Beijing, will be fully utilized to play their important roles in creating and shaping the overall cultural image of the capital city. A string of cultural activities worthy of international acclaim and featuring Chinese features and Beijing style will be presented to help enhance Beijing's status as a center of cultural development and international exchange in China. Existing cultural activities will be continued and improved. These will include the already well known cultural activities such as the Beijing New Year Concert, cultural activities for the Spring Festival, "Rendezvous in Beijing", the May Flower Singing Contest, the Beijing International Television Week, the Beijing Book Fair, Beijing Square Cultural Activities, Beijing International Tourism Cultural Festival (including a folk art exhibition), and the Beijing International Music Festival. All these are to be further developed and renewed. The organization of these activities will involve not only various government bodies but also organizations from all other walks of life. Efforts will be made to give full play to the power of the market forces. Also to be held are a series of art, cultural and academic exchange programs which can produce significant international impact and favorable social effect. A variety of cultural activities should be meticulously conducted to help set off the trial operations of the Olympic stadiums, the warm-up matches and other international and domestic sporting events. II. Cultural Facilities Considering what it takes to build Beijing into a modern international metropolis, we are to comprehensively develop and utilize existing cultural facilities. At the same time, we are going to design and build many new cultural facilities with versatile functions and diversified styles and make sure that these facilities are evenly spread across the city to meet the residents' need for cultural activities. (I) Cultural Locations Many cultural facilities will be planned and constructed in the Olympic Green in support of the various sports stadiums and sports grounds. The comprehensive functions of such cultural facilities as the Sports Art Performance Center will be given full play. Museums, Youth and Children's Palaces and other public cultural facilities will also be built to make the Olympic Green an important center of cultural activities for residents and tourists, be they foreign or domestic. Substantial support will be provided for the construction of the National Grand Theater, National Museum, Chinese Art Gallery, the new CCTV compound, additional premises for the National Library and other large cultural facilities of national importance. Construction of the Capital Museum, the Chinese Film Museum, a new Beijing Planetarium, a new BTV compound, the Multimedia Information Center and other municipal cultural facilities will be accelerated. An overall plan will be developed for the setting-up of a distribution network. This network shall be reasonably structured and spread out across the city to facilitate the sales of books, and audio and video products. Each administrative district or county of the city is encouraged to develop and build up their own cultural venues. Construction of cultural facilities for local use shall be strengthened in the different villages, towns, and urban neighborhoods within the jurisdiction of Beijing. The policies requiring construction of public cultural facilities in newly-developed and re-developed housing areas shall be vigorously enforced. Local communities, social organizations and individual citizens are all encouraged to invest in the construction of small-scale cultural facilities that can help residents take part in cultural and fitness programs. Various measures have already been planned to update existing cultural facilities. The Capital Theatre and the Chang'an Grand Theater will be upgraded; the Jixiang Theater and the Xidian Theater will be rebuilt; and the traditional theaters in southern Xuanwu district, including the Anhui Hall Grand Opera Tower and Huguang Hall, will be reconstructed and refurbished. These measures will help to attract and assemble the best talent in opera and drama so that these facilities will all function as cultural windows displaying long-standing Chinese folk art. (II) City Sculptures In the course of constructing the Olympic facilities and undertaking other urban development projects, importance will be attached to sculptures that compliment the buildings. In planning and constructing large urban buildings, especially those for general public use, full consideration must be given to the sculptures that are either part of the building structure or placed on the squares in front of them. These sculptures shall have to be incorporated into the overall design of the given project. An international urban sculpture exhibition is to be held once every three years, starting from 2002. Some of the best sculptures found on the exhibitions will be retained in the city for permanent display. Worldwide solicitation for more sculpture designs will be made every now and then through the internet in order to select from a greater range of excellent works. All this will result in added grace to Beijing's urban development. (III) Large Electronic Screen Walls Large electronic screen walls will be erected in large public places such as Wangfujing, Xidan, Capital Airport, the Beijing Railway Station, the Beijing West Railway Station, the China Millennium Monument, the Olympic Green, and the CBD. These screens will be used to publicize the purpose of the Olympic Games, socialist moral standards, and useful information to the public. These large electronic screen walls should be installed in accordance with the Beijing's Overall Plan for Urban Construction. A system of competition should be instituted to decide who should get to undertake any particular project, and the bidding process must be open to all. After the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, countdown clocks for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games shall be installed in the square in front of the Chinese History Museum, at the China Millennium Monument, and at the Capital Airport. III. Olympic Education and Promotion Education is a core element of the Olympic principles. In the next 6 years, a variety of approaches will be applied to popularize knowledge about the Olympics, spread Olympic ideals and promote the localization of the Olympic spirit. (I) School Education Young people and children will be the principal recipients of education concerning the Olympics. A variety of educational programs that teach about the Olympics will be conducted in all the schools throughout the city. A book called Olympic Readings and many electronic audio and visual materials on the Olympics will be produced and handed out to all students. Other reading materials will also be prepared, particularly those with cartoons, cater to the young. Starting from 2005, Olympic lectures will be provided at colleges and universities as well as elementary and secondary schools, using the Olympic Education Readings by the IOC Committee of Culture and Education as important teaching materials. Olympic education will also be conducted in conjunction with the sports events on campus. Through such education, the young people in the city are expected to acquire knowledge about the Olympics, develop a concern for the Olympic movement and understand the Olympic spirit. This will lay the groundwork for the organization of a high-quality volunteer team in 2008. (II) Media Communication The communicative power of the media such as newspapers, radio, TV and the internet will be fully tapped to promote themes like "Leading to 2008", "Welcome 2008", "Brilliant 2008". Special Olympic programs or channels shall be launched or conducted, and the broadcasting of sports events over TV or radio shall be strengthened. Special programs depicting Beijing's progress in its preparation for the 2008 Olympic Games and its residents' enthusiastic participation and earnest yearnings will be filmed and shown on television. Newspapers that specialize in covering the Olympic Games will also be established. Plans for an Olympic Publication Project will be devised and implemented. With BOCOG's authorization and through an open bidding process, a multi-language series of Olympic publications featuring a uniform logo will be produced and published. In addition, a 2008 Olympic News and Information Plan will be formulated, under which there will be a news briefing system to release information to the press on the progress of preparations being made for the Olympic Games. This information thus released shall be up to date, accurate and in full. Exchange activities for foreign journalists that are currently staying in Beijing will be organized and a lot of journalists from mainstream international media will be invited to Beijing every year. Through friendly relations with the global press, we aim at creating an atmosphere of favorable international public opinion. (III) Network Communications Plans have been made to set up an Olympic website and launch an online Olympic club to provide athletes and sports new ways of communication and convenient Internet services. This can help to spur the enthusiasm of network users in participating in the Olympics. Web pages devoted to the Olympics are to be found on such important websites as the 21 Dragon News Network. This will allow for comprehensive publicity covering both China and the rest of the world. We plan to set up a virtual Olympic Museum in 2008 in cooperation with the Olympic Museum in Lausanne. (IV) Social Communications By 2004, the selection of slogans, publicity posters, mascots, and the like will have been completed for both the Olympic Games in general and the specific competitions. Literature, music, art, photography, postal materials, dances, movies and TV dramas with themes focusing on the Olympics will be promoted. Activities will be organized to encourage the writing, solicitation, selection and promotion of the Olympic theme song. These efforts shall help to create a whole range of high-quality and distinct Olympic literature and art works. Athletes will be extensively educated about the fundamental goals and principles of the Olympics so that they may serve as models and messengers that embody and carry forward the Olympic spirit. In addition, an Olympic Education Website will be set up to promote research and the dissemination of Olympic ideals, and a high-level international Olympic seminar will be organized, as will be an international seminar for sports journalists. IV. Sights of the Ancient Capital Efforts will be strengthened to effectively protect the cultural relics and properly maintain the historical sites in Beijing in accordance with the "Cultural Relics Protection Plan for the Olympics in This Ancient Capital", formulated by the Beijing Municipal Cultural Heritage Bureau. This shall be done to demonstrate Beijing's history and traditional culture as well as to provide an Eastern ambience to the 2008 Olympic Games. (I) Protection of the Famous Historical and Cultural City The overall plan for the protection of this famous historical and cultural city is to be toughened and improved. Detailed strategies for protection and utilization are to be made for the 40 areas that have been designated for historical and cultural protection. In and around those areas, the height, dimensions, colors and other characteristics of new buildings shall be strictly controlled. With special renovation, Beijing will again take on the scene it once had, complete with its historical rivers and classical gardens. Concentrated efforts made between 2002 and 2008 shall recover or restore Beijing's cultural relics in places named "two lines, five areas and six sites". The "two lines" refer to the Middle Axis Avenue and the Chaobu Road. The "Five Areas" refer to the Shishahai scenery area, the Imperial College ancient architecture area, the Azure Stone Workshop commercial area, the Forbidden City scenery area and the Bell Tower and Drum Tower ancient street area. The "Six Sites" stand for the natural scenery in the West Suburb, the Beijing Great Wall protection area, Emperors' Mausoleums protection area, Tongzhou Ancient Canal cultural scenery area, Wanping Historical Sites protection area and the West Beijing Temple area. With all these, Beijing will achieve a balanced distribution and distinct presentation of its famous history and traditional culture. (II) Restoration of Cultural Relics The key historical and cultural sites shall be restored and repaired following the principles of "repairing whole areas, recovering traditional sights, combining protection with utilization, and creating style". Emphasis will be placed on safeguarding the Old City areas and renewing the cultural sites. Comprehensive repair work will be performed on the Old City area in and around the repair and restoration of the cultural sites, and these funds must be used effectively to carry out the key programs to repair and restore the cultural sites. Buildings that are designated as historical and cultural relics shall be vacated and restored to their original style. There are plans to restore another 50 building structures of important historical and cultural value. By the year 2008, all major risks over the sites that have been designated by the municipal government for protection as cultural relics shall have been eliminated. Where possible, these sites can be put to reasonable use. (III) Exhibition and Use of Historical and Cultural Heritage Tour routes shall be devised and developed to present Beijing as the famous historical and cultural city that it is. These routes shall be used to signify Beijing's culture and image. Two memorial parks shall be set up, one of the Old Imperial City and the other of the Beijing City Walls of the Ming Dynasty. Five sites of world cultural and natural heritage shall be well protected and made good use of. These sites are respectively the Sinanthropus Pekinensis site, the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, the Temple of Heaven and the Summer Palace. The streets of particular cultural importance, such as those at Wangfujing, Chaobu Road, the Azure Stone Workshop, Dashanlan and Panjiayuan are to be elaborately designed and carefully constructed. The many Central Government agencies in Beijing are enthusiastic about setting up theme museums. Beijing shall try to give full play to, and take full advantage of, such enthusiasm. Whenever possible, Beijing will offer its help in the museum projects. An elaborate and extensive museum network can be created by integrating the resources of the over 100 museums that already exist in the city, which together have more than two million exhibits on display. The museums in this network are of different levels and focus on different categories. Non-governmental organizations and individual citizens are encouraged to establish small-scale special-purpose museums, help improve the technological content in museums, and make their efforts to protect and utilize ancient buildings. Multi-language brochures, pamphlets and other types of materials on the cultural relics and historical sites shall be developed and published, and they shall include both high-quality pictures and written explanations. Special documentary films shall be made to present the scenes in this ancient capital city, and these documentary films can focus on a different theme each year. Contests shall be conducted in photography and calligraphy. Exhibition tours shall be planned conducted overseas to features particular aspects of China's traditional culture. At the appropriate times, exhibitions shall be held overseas to present, respectively, the Great Wall art, traditional housing compounds, courtyard housing, handicrafts, ancient bells, and the cultures of the Han Dynasty or Tang Dynasty. V. Urban Civility The basic ethical standards to be promoted will be "patriotism, law-abiding, politeness, integrity, friendliness, diligence and industry, professionalism and dedication." Not content to be the second best, Beijing will make all-out efforts to upgrade the moral standards for its citizens and thereby raise the level of the city's urban civilization. Beijing shall welcome the 2008 Olympics with a new and earnest image. (I) Olympic Volunteers A volunteer program for the 2008 Olympics will be actively pursued on the basis of Beijing's rich experience in organizing past volunteer activities, and referring to the volunteer service standards of the cities that have hosted the Olympics as well as the Beijing Young People's Olympic Action Plan developed by Beijing's Youth League Committee. With the help of various Youth League organizations and volunteer groups, an educational campaign will be conducted in the neighborhoods, schools, and businesses on the theme that "voluntary service adds to the Olympic glory". A system to register, recruit, select, train, review and appraise volunteers will be gradually developed. The system to manage and support the volunteers will have to be established and continuously improved. With a combination of general encouragement with targeted drafting, and institutional prodding with random recruiting, Beijing shall build up a huge army of "Five Rings Volunteers" made of primarily young people, both Chinese and foreign, who are expected to come from different backgrounds and possess different abilities, all proficient in one or more foreign languages. In collaboration with international volunteer training organizations, Beijing will set up a volunteer training center and a number of training camps for special skills. The "Five Rings Volunteers" training will be conducted both at home and overseas. Outstanding volunteers are to sent abroad for studies, exchanges and training. Each year from 2003 to 2007, youth representatives from a different continent will be invited to the Beijing International Youth Olympic Summer Camps to learn more about Beijing and the Chinese culture. Potentially, international volunteers can be recruited from among these youth representatives to serve at the 2008 Olympics. (II) Courteous Services The professionalism is to be strongly promoted in all the "window industries and professions", and the detailed rules of service shall be amended and improved. All service providers shall be encouraged or otherwise guided to provide high-quality services to help the cause of "New Beijing, Great Olympics". Before 2004, priority will be given to those working at the airports, train stations, customs offices, hotels; or in the subways and buses; and for the industries of food, recreation, culture, retail, telecommunications, postal service, medical service, banking, insurance and taxi. Slogans shall be proposed, standards formulated, responsibilities ascertained and steps taken to help improve the thinking, attitude, expertise, discipline and performance of the staff. Uniforms shall be introduced in some industries, such as the taxi industry. Activities will be organized for such themes as "Smile in Beijing", "I Represent China before Foreigners and Beijing before other Chinese People", and "Mr. and Miss Charm in Beijing". The service quality shall be assessed, and service skills tested through contests so as to ensure overall improvement in the services. In 2007, services in every industry and profession shall reach this a level where they can described as "excellent", many industries and professions shall qualify for the designation as a "Qualify Service Industry or Profession", and therefore able to provide the first-class services required at the Olympics. (III) Courteous Citizens Seizing the opportunity to prepare for and host the 2008 Olympics, Beijing will step up the implementation of the "Guidelines on the Building of Citizen Morality" as part of its efforts to develop the intellectual life and culture in the city. The city will strongly promote such moral principles as social courtesy, helpfulness, care for public property, environmental protection, and law-abiding. Extensive discussions will be conducted on the topic "Welcome the Olympics with Civility and Host the Olympics with Civility" to arouse awareness of and concern for the Olympics among the residents. The problem of unbecoming behavior in Beijing's social life should be resolved through the combined effect of the rule of law and moral education. Such long-time bad habits as "Beijing style name-calling", casual spitting, and littering should be basically eliminated before 2005. The pleasant image of a city with a clean and beautiful environment, orderly traffic, warm and professional services, and polite citizens should take hold in Beijing in 2007 at the latest. (IV) Courteous Communities The "Rules for the Building of Courteous Communities" should be formulated to kick-start the development of courteous communities. Local communities will be encouraged to play the primary roles incumbent upon them in fostering courteous behavior among residents and building civility into the everyday life in the city. A program shall be instituted to appraise the level of civility in the local communities. By 2005, 50% of the local communities should reach the point where they can considered communities with adequate civility. Such communities should be found in every county and administrative district. By 2007, the civility of the Beijing residents should be raised to a point where the city can rank among the very best in the country in terms of civility. VI. Language Environment Through efforts that promote the learning of foreign languages, and proper use of Putonghua and standard Chinese characters, the city will work hard to provide first-class language services to athletes, the Olympic organizations, visitors and tourists. (I) Foreign Language Learning and Popularization The Organizing Committee of the "Beijing Speaks to the World" Program will develop and implement the "Overall Plan for Citizens Speaking Foreign Languages (2003-2008)" before the end of 2002. The objective is to make most citizens capable of speaking one hundred sentences for everyday use in at least one foreign language by the end of 2007. Employees working in "window" industries, particularly those that may serve foreigners, shall be more vigorously trained in foreign languages. Over a period time, rules shall be developed that will require employees to have a proficiency certificate before they can take up a job in certain industries or professions. Importance shall be attached to foreign language education in all schools, and measures shall be taken to improve the foreign language proficiency of all students. Programs that teach the relatively rare foreign languages should also be organized and given due emphasis. The promotion and popularization of foreign languages will be strengthened. Newspapers, magazines, radio stations, TV stations and websites are all to increase foreign language programs or columns. The English-language paper Beijing Today, now a weekly publication, shall be published three times a week, starting from 2003, and it shall be made into a daily newspaper in 2005. The bilingual and multi-lingual programming capabilities at Beijing Radio and TV stations will be augmented. Beijing Telecom will set up a telephone translation number to serve foreign language learners and people relying on foreign languages for most of their communications. (II) The Use and Promotion of Putonghua and Standard Chinese Characters The use of Pudonghua shall be promoted among citizens and the Chinese language used by the mass media shall be standardized. Language correction hotlines shall be set up at newspapers, radio and TV stations as well as websites. Supervision by the public shall be leveraged to improve the language level of the members of the general public. The hosting of the Olympics, which will attract the world's attention to China in general and to Beijing in particular, shall also be used as an opportunity to teach and promote the Chinese language to the world, and to demonstrate that Chinese is in fact a language used worldwide. Efforts will be made to encourage and assist foreigners in learning the Chinese language. International contests on the topic "Beijing and I" will be held for foreigners to demonstrate their Chinese proficiency in reading, speech-making and debating. Contests for foreigners singing Chinese songs and telling stories in Chinese will continue to be organized in such media outlets as the Beijing TV Station. Promotional programs targeting foreign visitors shall be developed and conducted to facilitate their learning of the Chinese language. Starting from 2005, a section on "Learning the Chinese Language" can be added to the publicity materials the Olympic organizing committee sends overseas. (III) Guiding Signs Experts will be organized to conduct comprehensive research and systematic analysis in order to develop a set of standardized tourist guide systems for Beijing. The municipal Tourism Bureau shall examine the existing tourist guides, tourist maps, signs, pamphlets and their locations at various streets, key tourist sites and key tourist service facilities. The standardization of tourist information services shall be achieved by the end of 2005. Touch-screen e-guide facilities shall be made available at public locations frequented by tourists, and mobile information tellers shall be made available during the Olympic Games to provide tourist information and guide services. Major roads, stations and stops, tourist sites and key cultural sites in Beijing shall have bilingual directional signs in both Chinese and English, and multi-lingual signs shall be available in certain special premises and stadiums. Before 2006, a system to examine foreign language signs shall be developed under leadership of the "Beijing Speaks to the World" Program Organizing Committee. Starting from 2002, simplified icons shall be adopted and promoted with reference to international norms in order to gradually change the current situation in which guiding signs now are in words only and without any types of indicators. Bilingual electronic stop reporting systems shall be promoted at appropriate times among the city's bus and metro systems. Braille and sign language services shall be given due emphasis. VII. Social Sports Beijing's physical education shall enter into a period of rapid growth in the next six years. Sports activities at the grassroots shall be vigorously developed, and the existing and newly completed stadiums and sports facilities shall be made fully open and used to meet the public's rising need for sports and fitness programs. The public's sense of sports and fitness shall be aggressively reinforced, and healthy sports aggressively promoted to create a scientific, civilized and healthy lifestyle. (I) Sense of Sports The 2008 Olympics will serve to attract much of the public's attention toward sports activities. Through expanded publicity and active guidance, the right beliefs such as "health is the basis of national quality", "participation in sports is the right and obligation of citizens", and "development of the sports industry is the shared responsibility of the country and society as a whole" shall be established among the people. A fitness monitoring network shall be developed to conduct periodic surveys on residents' physical conditions. Some 500,000 people will be surveyed each year, and results of the surveys will be released to the public. Social sports consultants with adequate qualifications shall be organized in sufficient numbers. By 2008, these consultants shall total more than 22,000 covering both urban and suburban areas. The objective is to have at least 61% of the population participate in some sports and 75% of those tested meet the country's physical health standard for average citizens. The physical conditions of the young people shall be significantly improved. 97% of the students shall be able to meet the physical training standards. (II) Sports Activities The Framework Plan for Citizen Health shall be fully implemented. Continuous improvement and full use shall be made of the organizing and coordinating functions of the citizen health network. Starting from 2003, the Beijing Citizen Health Sports Festival shall be held every two years, which will attract the participation of foreigners and foreign community groups in Beijing to make the city a sports platform with international influence and Eastern characteristics. The Beijing Spring Long-distance Running Event, International Long-distance Running Festival, the Beijing Marathon and other traditional sports events shall continue to be held as always. Youth sports, urban sports and rural sports shall be strengthened through full utilization of the gathering, radiating and exemplifying power of schools, communities and towns. This will increase the appeal and cohesive power of sports activities and thereby further the implementation of citizen health sports. (III) Sports Facilities Various facilities for grassroots sports shall be established and improved on an ongoing basis. By 2008, all the neighborhood committees and 80% of the township administrations will have developed sites and facilities prescribed in the "Citizens Health Project". The per capita public sports facilities shall be increased from the current 0.9 per square meter to 1.11 per square meter. Stadiums, swimming pools and other training sites and related facilities run by the suburban counties and urban districts shall be improved. Construction of public sports facilities in residential compounds shall be reinforced and the required land space shall be allocated. Public sports facilities in residential areas shall be constructed along with major development projects and be made ready at the same time. Residential areas equipped with insufficient sports facilities shall have to meet the requirements before 2008. School sports facilities shall be improved and the issue of opening school facilities to the public shall be properly addressed. VIII. Cultural Travel The tourism industry will be benefited the most directly by the 2008 Olympics. The Beijing Olympic Tourism Action Plan, developed and implemented by the Municipal Tourism Bureau, has identified the image of "an Ancient Capital in the East and the Homeland of the Great Wall" as the visual attraction for the Olympic tours. The construction of tourist sites, the development of tourism products and the tourism marketing efforts shall be effectively integrated to help make Beijing a first-class tourism city in the world, and the top tourism city in China. Efforts will be made to make sure that the city's revenue from tourism will be increased in correspondence with the increasing number of tourists. (I) Tourist resources China's long history and rich culture have combined to bestow Beijing a full array of world-renowned historic and cultural heritages, a variety of famous tourist sites, many highly acclaimed cultural resources such as Beijing's unique traditional lifestyle, folk art, and the Hutong residences. These tourist resources of the city shall be fully integrated so as to enjoy the advantages that can be gained when all these resources are presented as a whole to potential tourists. Meanwhile, each tourist area must also have its own unique features. The development of tourist streets and sites shall be planned from an overall point of view. Towards that end, the government shall make a comprehensive plan, and the businesses shall undertake the actual projects of packaging and developing the existing tourism resources into all sorts of distinctive but high-quality cultural tour programs. The key tourist routes such as the Lama Temple to Guozijian, Shishahai, the Summer Palace-Yuanmingyuan, Sanlitun Bar Street, Yabao-Xiushui Clothing Market, Hongqiao Market, Panjiayuan Second-hand Market and the Antique City, all of which already enjoy considerable scale and name recognition, shall be developed into the leading attractions in the Beijing cultural tours. An array of tourist sites and suburban tourist areas shall be aggressively developed to give them unique cultural features and strong standing in the market. The water systems, forest parks, theme parks, and sightseeing agricultural gardens shall be developed to meet the constantly growing need of both tourists and local residents for modern sports, leisure and entertainment. Pursuant to the Construction of Toilets in Beijing's Tourist Sites, 700 toilets shall be modified, expanded or newly built in 143 tourist sites. Meanwhile, the regulation of travel agencies, hotels, tourist transportation companies and tourist sites themselves shall be strengthened, as will be the training of tourism professionals. All this is to comprehensively upgrade the quality of services in the tourism industry. (II) Tourist Products and Commodities Series of tourist products shall be carefully designed and developed with a strong element of the Beijing culture but also imbued with the Olympic values. Tourist festivals represented by the Beijing International Tourist Culture Festival shall be further improved. The "Entering Beijing Citizens' Home" tourist program shall be introduced and efforts will be exerted to make it a quality brand in the international tourism industry. A variety of tourism products designed around sightseeing, conferences and contests, vacations, business trips, academic studies, cultural explorations, technology, sports, ecological tours, and traditional customs shall all be improved. A Beijing Cultural Tours Manual in multiple languages shall be published. Inspiration shall be drawn from Beijing's unique history and culture in the designing and development of tourism commodities. Commodities embodying the natural scenery, cultural and historical sites, traditional culture and folklores can all be put into different series. These commodities must be of high quality, enjoy a good reputation and rich in their cultural appeal. A Beijing cultural tour souvenir design Contest shall be organized, and the high-quality designs that can represent the city's humanistic spirit and meet some real demands in the market shall be introduced. (III) Tourism Promotion Effective marketing shall be achieved in part through cooperation with both international and domestic partners. Each year from 2004 onwards, 50 leading businessmen in the travel industry shall be invited to visit Beijing from major tourist source countries. Under the authorization of the Olympic Games Organization Committee, a counter shall be set up at each year's international travel trade fair to promote the Beijing Olympics Tour. For major overseas tourist source markets, the Beijing Olympic Tour Ambassadors shall be introduced. Beijing Tour Exhibitions and Beijing Tourist Culture Week shall be held. In cooperation with the ticket agents of the International Olympic Committee, efforts will be made to sell 20% of the 2008 Olympic Games tickets overseas. While selling the tickets overseas, pre-Olympics travel packages and post-Olympics travel packages will also be presented. Hotel reservations and other services for the 2008 Olympics shall begin at the appropriate time. The promotion of Olympics-related travel packages shall be made part of our representative offices. Cooperation shall be enhanced with other cities that will host of some of the Olympics events as well as cities that are normally hot tourist destinations. Some tourist products related to the Olympics shall be jointly designed and jointly promoted. IX. Industrial Development The cultural industry is a key rising industry that should obviously become stronger and more competitive by taking advantage of the business opportunities spawned by the Olympics. It should become a force to be reckoned with on the international market. Industries such as sports, media, exhibitions and the performing arts shall make some breakthroughs in their growths. Businesses in news and publications, in broadcasting and movie-making shall all aggressively expand themselves overseas so as to raise their name recognition on the international markets. A cultural market befitting Beijing's status as the country's cultural center shall be developed. The added value each year in the city's cultural industry shall account for 10% of the GDP, making the cultural industry a key pillar of the economy in the nation's capital. (I) Sports Industry More support shall be given for the sports industry to ensure its upgrading and expansion. The development policy and structure for the sports industry will be further improved to integrate the various resources and allow the market and the capital to play their roles. The pace at which the sports get integrated with other industries such as information, culture, travel and others shall be accelerated. An area with concentrated sports and cultural facilities shall be developed in Beijing to put sports, recreation, travel services and shopping all together. A whole array of sports businesses, sports clubs and sports agencies shall be developed, and the ownership of these organizations is open to all. The gathering power of gymnasiums shall be fully tapped to improve the rate of their usage. Leveraging the opportunity of hosting key international and domestic sports events can help promote the consumption of sports tickets, sports lotteries, sports ads, sports souvenirs and other service products. The sports commodities shall be constantly upgraded and vigorously promoted. A string of international brands shall be developed in sports clothing, gymnasium equipment, sports books, newspapers, and audio and video products. The service quality and style shall be substantially improved in such fields as health skill training, tutoring, consulting, fitness testing, health assessment and sports recovery to keep meeting the growing needs for health and entertainment services. (II) Media Industry Existing media enterprises shall be further reformed, restructured, expanded and developed. Cooperation and exchanges with international media companies shall be strengthened in the areas of management, human resources training, investment, and marketing so as to borrow from their successful experiences. Mergers, reorganizations and restructurings of media businesses shall be strongly encouraged across different industries and regions. Businesses in news and publications, as well as in broadcasting and film-making must make real progress in becoming bigger in terms of both size and influence. Efforts shall be made to create a few media companies that are not only among the best in China but also well known on the international market. The interaction between the media and the sports industries in Beijing shall be strengthened. The media's advantages shall be used to promote the spirit in sports, push the citizens' health campaign forward, seize the potential sports business opportunities, and develop a market for the sports culture. Meanwhile its own strength will be continuously augmented through the creation of new growths. (III) Cultural Market A comprehensive cultural market is to be developed through the integration of resources, business maneouvering, and policy support. The markets for artistic performances, entertainment, audio/video products, film distribution and screening, art works, network culture, cultural relics, and books and other publications shall all be well developed. The Xuanwu Liulichang Cultural Industry Park shall be vigorously developed to establish an incubator of cultural businesses. Training will be strengthened to foster a number of cultural PR companies, agencies and management consulting firms that are good at dealing with foreigners. The design and development of Olympics-related products shall be strengthened and various cultural performances and entertainment events shall be organized both prior to and after the 2008 Olympics to meet the needs of both athletes and tourists. Regulation of the cultural market shall be tightened against pornography and other illegal publications. The spreading of pornography, gambling and drugs must be effectively stopped. Those infringing on others' intellectual property rights must be punished to protection the interests of the lawful owners of the intellectual property rights. All this will serve to help create a healthy, prosperous, orderly and well regulated culture market. X. Relevant Guarantees Organizational, policy and legal guarantees will all be solidly in place to ensure that the missions set out here will be accomplished. (I) Organization and Leadership Under the leadership of the Party's Beijing Committee, the Beijing municipal government and the State General Administration of Sports, a coordinating committee has been set up for the development of the Olympics-related cultural environment. This committee will establish a number of coordinating teams and offices in cooperation with the BOGOG, the Municipal Information Department, and the Municipal Planning Commission. Together, these coordinating teams and offices will be charged with the organization of the necessary activities and the accomplishment of the missions prescribed in the Culture Environment Development Plan. The affected offices, bureaus and commissions must develop their own specific plans, take concrete action, and work hard to ensure that all the assignments given to them will be fully performed. (II) Policy Guarantee The policies on the cultural economy will be further improved, and the investments in the development of the Olympics-related cultural environment will be increased. The existing foundations shall be mobilized to play their roles in raising funds from both domestic and overseas sources. The feasibility of establishing the Beijing Culture Industry Investment Fund shall be studied and debated. The fund shall be established if the study shows that it is feasible. Within the parameters of national policies, non-culture enterprises and private businesses will be allowed to invest in the development of the sports culture, set up sports culture enterprises, and participate in the organization of various cultural sports activities in a variety of forms. (III) Legal Guarantee Beijing shall formulate and implement the Regulations on the Protection of the Historic and Cultural City, the Regulations on the Protection of Copyrights, and the Regulations for the Protection of the Intellectual Property Rights Related to the 2008 Olympics, and many other rules and regulations in relation to the Olympics. A complete legal framework will be in place for the development of the cultural and sports industries in Beijing in the new century.