OFF SITE
EMERGENCY PLAN
NARMADA DISTRICT
PREPARED BY
NARMADA DISTRICT CRISIS
MANAGEMENT GROUP
RAJPIPLA
FOREWORD
There is not a single Major Accident Hazardous chemical factory located in Narmada
District. But we cannot forget the hazardous activity during transportation of different
hazardous chemic als which being transported. Number of Petrol Pumps and LPG depots
are situated in the Distri ct. Thus, probability of chemical emergency at any time cannot be
ruled out. Therefore, preparedness a nd awareness to mitigate such chemical emergency is
required.
Considering the probabl e emergency situation & how to tackle the emergency with respect
of risk from transportation, petrol pumps & LPG depots. This document provi des
Preparatory Plan & Ac tion s Plan which is useful in case of emergency. I appeal to all
authorities of emergenc y services, who have to take part during the chemical emergency,
to go through this doc ument and keep your resources in working conditions at your
disposal as and when requ ired to control such chemical emergency.
I am thankful to all the members of Narmada District Crisis Group for their valuable
contributi on and active s upport i n the preparation of such document.
Further, I must record appreciation for preparation Off –Site Emergency Plan for Narmada
District within short peri od by The Deputy Director, Industrial Safety & Health, & his staff.
R AJ P I PL A (K .K .B AL AT )
Date : Cha i rm an , Na rm ad a Di st ri ct C ri si s
M anage me nt G ro up
&
Di st ri ct M agi str at e & Col l ect or ,
N ARM AD A
PREFACE
4
Government of India published Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals
(MSIHC) rul es 1989 and thereafter Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning ,
Preparedness and Response ) (EPPR) Rules 1996 under Environment protection Act, 1986
with a view to minimize the loss of life and property in the event of industrial disaster.
This emergency plan is i n two parts, i.e. Part -1 & Part -2. Part-1 contains information about
the area profil e, potenti al for Off site Emergencies, Emergency management organization,
details of control etc. It also contains Annexure - 1 to 15 giving details key contacts,
resources available and emergency organization. Part -2 deals with roles, responsibili ty o f
authorities to be performed in the event of emergency.
I thank all officers of the office of Deputy Director, Industrial Safety & Health for the
assistance in preparing this plan.
Data : (S. K. A RO R A)
Rajpipla. Deput y Direct or
Industrial Safet y & Health, Bharuch
&
Member,
Narmada District Crisis Management Group
RAJPIPL A
4
INDEX
CHAPTER SUBJECT PAGE
NO.
… 2
FOREWORD
… 3
PREFACE
PART : I PREPARATORY PLAN
5
Chapter - 1 NARMADA DISTRICT …
Chapter - 2 CONCEPT OF PLAN … 13
26
Chapter - 3 TRANSPORTATION HAZARDS …
36
Chapter - 4 CARE FOR SAFE HANDLING …
47
Chapter - 5 EMERGENCY INSTRUCTION TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC …
51
Chapter - 6 REHERSAL / EXERCISE / MOCK DRILL …
PART : II ACTION PLAN
55
Chapter - 7 ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES …
72
Chapter - 8 RESPONSE PLAN …
ANNEXURES SECTION … 84-129
4
OFF SITE EMERGENCY PLAN
INDEX OF ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE SUBJECT PAGE
NO.
…
1 Map of Narmada 84
…
2 Emergency Telephone Number 85
…
3 List of Chemical Factories in Narmada District 87
…
4 List of Petrol Pumps 88
…
5 List of LPG Godowns / Agencies 89
…
6 List of Expert Person 90
…
7 List of Emergency Medical Facilities 91
…
8 List of Volunteer Organisations 92
…
9 List of Safe Shelter 93
…
10 List of Emergency Equipments Suppliers 94
…
11 List of MSDS 95
…
11A Properties of Some Hazardous Chemicals 117
…
12 Constitution Letter of District Crisis Group 118
…
13 Format for Mock Drill / Rehearsal / Exercise 120
…
14 Conversion Table 122
…
15 Glossary of Terms & Definitions 123
83
DESCRIPTION SECTION
PART - I
PREPARED BY
NARMADA DISTRICT CRISIS MANAGEMENT GROUP
RAJPIPLA
83
DESCRIPTION SECTION
PART - II
PREPARED BY
NARMADA DISTRICT CRISIS MANAGEMENT GROUP
RAJPIPLA
ANNEXURE
SECTION
PREPARED BY
NARMADA DISTRICT CRISIS MANAGEMENT GROUP
RAJPIPLA
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
CHAPTER – 1
NARMADA DISTRICT
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1. 1. 1 . PR E AM BL E
An o ff si t e e me rg en cy ari sing o ut ch e mical i s one , w hic h has t h e
pot en t i al t o ca u se se ri o us da mag e o r lo ss of l if e b e yo nd t he plant
bo un dr y . I n ad di t i o n , acci dent s d urin g t ransp ort at i on of haza rd o u s
ch emi cal s by r oa d , rail , pip eline et c . c an al s o ca u se o ff sit e
eme rg en ci es . E me rg en c y s er vice s s uc h as p olice , fir e , me d ical et c .
n ee d to be p r ep a red to han dle s uc h sit uat i ons e ff ect i vel y . The
sn ow b al l i n g o f s mal l i ncident int o a maj or ch emi cal di sa st er and t he
s ub seq u en t ef fe ct s o n t he life an d pr op er t y can b e mit igat e d if t here i s
a r eadi l y i mp l em en t ab le em er gen c y p re pare dne s s pl an avai lable w it h
the co n ce rn e d di st ri ct a ut ho rit ies . In or de r to be in a st at e of
prep are dn es s t o r e s p on d t o t he ac cide nt s and mi nimi ze t h eir ad ve r se
imp act s o n t h e of f si t e pop ul at ion . R ule 14 o f t he M SI HC R ul es , 1 98 9
(Am en de d i n 20 0 0 ) , un de r E P A, 1 98 6 , r eq uir es an O ff - sit e E mer gen c y
Pl an t o b e p r ep a re d b y t he Dist ri ct C olle ct o r f o r e ve r y Dist rict or
I n dust ri al a re a , as a p p l icabl e .
1.2 DISTRICT
Na rma da Di st ri ct ca me in e xist e nce fr o m 2 .10 .1 99 7 o n bif u r cat ion f r om
Bh ar uch Di st ri ct .
Na rma da Di st ri ct co n si st s of F o ur T al uka s , havi ng 51 3 Cit y / T ow ns . The
t ot al p op ul at i on is 51 ,4 0 ,13 as per 20 01 C en se x ha ving t ot al
occ u p at i o n al ar ea of 2 7 42 S q uar e Km . The P op ulat i on Det a ils is giv en
bel ow .
Sr . N o . Na me of T al uka s N o . of V illag e P op ullat i on
1. Raj p i p l a 18 8 23 10 82
2. Ti l ak vad a 97 56 06 7
3. Dedi ap ad a 13 3 14 33 03
4. Sa gb ar a 95 83 63 1
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
Th e s urr o un di n g of t h e di st rict can be me nt ione d a s bel ow :
Nor th S id e - V ad o dar a D is t ric t.
W es t Si d e - B har uc h D is tr ic t
E as t Si d e - V ad o dar a D is t ric t & D hu l i a D is tr ic t of Ma ha r as tr a.
S ou th S id e - S ur a t D is tr ic t.
Th e M ap of N ar mad a Di st rict i s gi v en at An n ex u re – 1 .
Th e re i s n o b i g i n d us t ry is d ev el ope d in t he Dist ri ct . I t is back w ard are a .
F urt h e r , t h e re i s n o any ai rp ort . The re is no an y p et r och emic al o r
ch emi cal s i n d ust r y . G .S .L . Li mit ed i s a big fa ct o r y in t he Di st rict .
An o t h e r fact ori e s ar e m edi u m and s mall .
How e ve r , t h e h az ard o u s a rea ca n b e ill u s t rat ed a s bel ow :
(1 ) Pet r ol St at i on run are w o rking in t he Di st rict by di ff ere nt
co mp an i es .
(2 ) LP G C yl i n d er s St ora ge G od ow n w it h d ist rib ut io n c ent re s are
l ocat ed at va ri o us pl ace s o f Di st rict s .
(3 ) B ul k Ha za rd o u s Ch emic als like LPG Ga s , Cr u de Oil , Li qui d
Ch emi cal s are t r ans port ed b y t anke r s , t r ailer s , l or rie s of dif fe rent
cap aci t y b y st at e hi ghw ay s .
1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZ ARDS
Th e i n d u st ri al i zat i o n of t he dist ri ct is n il beca u se o f sc arc e o f raw
mat eri al s i n t h e Di st ri ct and aw a y fr o m ind ust ri al act ivit y cent re s .
Th e re f or e , t h e re i s n o si ngl e u nit de vel o ped in t he dist ri ct as chemi cal ,
pet r och e mi c al or h a zar d o us s ubst an ce b ase ind u st ri es .
I t can b e sai d t h e di st rict is sa fe fr om ind ust ri al ha zar ds or indu st rial
t h reat s .
How e ve r , sm al l i n d u s t ri es are l ocat e d in t he Di st rict . Th e na m e , a dd re ss
& ot h e r det ai l s o f C h emic al I ndu st rie s ar e giv en at Ann ex ur e - 3. The se
are l e ss h a za rd o u s c h emic al fact ori es .
C on si d eri n g , n ext fa ct or s , ot he r t han ind u st rial ha za rd s is t r an sp ort at i on
h aza rd s . Th e di st ri ct h as f oll ow ing a r ea s .
(1 ) St at e Hi gh w a y s f r om V ado da ra t o Ra jpipl a .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
(2 ) Pet r ol & Di e sel St at io n ha ving st ock o f f ue ls , l ubric at ing oil s et c .
(3 ) LP G C yl i n de rs (Di st ri but i on & St o rag e ) G od ow n s
Th e a ss o ci at ed h a za rd s f r om t ran sp ort at i on & st o rag e fr o m a bo ve sai d
act i vi t y at v ari o u s l o cat ion can be cla s sif ied i n t he f oll ow ing :
(1 ) Fi r e
(2 ) E xp l o si on
(3 ) Fl a mmab l e o r T oxic Ga s Dis pe rsi on
An y i n ci den t oc c ur s du e t o ab ov e ment i on ed act ivit y , it ma y res ult int o
deat h , b urn i n j u r y , b odil y inj u rie s t o t he s ur r o undin g p e ople a nd h eav y
dama ge t o t h e p r op ert y in t h e vicinit y .
I n ab sen t of dat a on w hat t ype o f ch emi cals w hic h w ill be t r ansp o rt ed
by r o ad , q uan t i t y a n d sa fet y m ea s ur es , it is diffi c ult t o id ent if y t he
h aza rd o u s sce n ari o . Th e inci dent lik el y t o occ u r at an y place i .e .
con si d eri n g ri gh t f r o m ent r y of t h e Di st ri ct and l eavi ng t h e Dire ct b y
con t ai n er s / v eh i cl e s / t anke rs . Th e pr e dict ion of ha za rd o u s sc ena rio
can b e a rri ve d on l y aft er g et t ing or as ce rt aining s uc h f act d e t ails .
1.4 MODE OF EMERGENCY (CHEMICAL)
How e ve r , p ri mar y h aza rd anal y si s , from t he ab o ve di s cu s si on &
con si d eri n g t h e ma xi m um c apacit y o f t he t anke r l oa d , t he e mer gen c y
si t u at i on can b e ari s ed , if n ot c ont r olle d i n t ime .
SR . T Y PE O F
SIT U AT I O N / P L AC E
NO . EM ERG E NCY
1. Fu el O ut l et St at i o n
2. L PG G o do wn s
1. Fir e
3. Lor r y / T ank er – T rans p or t e d H a zar d o us
Ch em ic a ls b y R o ad .
1. Fu el O ut l et St at i o n
2. L PG G o do wn s
2. Ex pl os i on
3. Lor r y / T ank er – T rans p ort e d H a zar d o us
Ch em ic a ls b y R o ad .
1. L PG G o do wn s
Fl am m ab le G as
3. 2. Lor r y / T a nk er – T ra ns por t ed H a za rd o us
Dis p er s io n
Ch em ic a ls b y R o ad .
1. Lor r y / T a nk ers c arr yi ng t ox ic l i qu ef i e d g as
T ox ic G as
4. / tox ic c om pres s ed li q u id c hem ic a ls b y
Dis p er s io n
roa d .
S pi l l a ge / L e ak ag e
of H a za r d o us 1. Lor r y / T a nk ers c arr yi ng t ox ic s u bs t a nc e b y
5.
Ch em ic a ls ( T ox ic or roa d .
Fl am m ab le L i q ui ds )
1. Lor r y / T an k er Carr yi n g p es t ic i de ,
6. P ois o n ous Ef f ec t i ns ec t ic i d es or p ois on o us c hem ic a ls b y
roa d .
7
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
1.5 MODE OF EMERGENCY (CHEMICAL)
Th e Gra vi t y of ch emic al e me rge nc y dep end s up on the q uant it y
in v ol v ed , ch ara ct eri s t i c o f c he mical , w ind v elo cit y & di rect i on , w eat her
con di t i on , h an dl i n g , s ur ro u ndin g sit ua t ion , pe opl e help s & co -
op erat i on , i n vi ci n i t y , et c . H ow e ve r , t he chemi cal e mer gen c y can be
de scri b ed a s f ol l ow i n g m anne r dep endi ng u po n t he nat ur e of s it uat io n .
1.5.1 Fire
Th e m o st fact or of creat i on of fir e - e me rgen c y ma y be d u e t o
an ac ci d en t al i gnit io n of t h e flam mabl e s ub st anc e eit her in t h e
t ran sp o rt at i on or in st ora ge (d u e t o s o ur ce of ignit i on li ke ,
sp a rk , op en fl am e , frict i on , elect ri c , st a t ic charg e , w el ding /
cut t i n g et c .) At l arg e scal e t his ma y le a d t o an expl o si on u n der
cert ai n ci rc u m st anc es o r ev er y an expl o si on c an c a us e ma ss iv e
fi re .
Th e di ff er en t t y pe o f fire can b e e xplain e d a s un de r :
a) P ool fi re or jet fir es
b) Fl a sh fi r e
c) B LE V E o r fi re ball
d) UV CE
a) Po o l F i re o r J et f i res :
Th e fl a mma ble liq ui d rel ea se d acci den t ally w ill f orm a
l i q ui d p o ol . I f s o urc e of ignit i on g et s w it h t he po ol , it w o uld
re s ul t i n a po ol fir e . The e ff ect s o f a p o ol fir e d epe nd up o n
fact o r s s uch as fla m mabilit y , c omb u st ibil it y , t h e a m o unt of
s ub st an ce r ele as ed , t emper at u re , h u mi dit y , t he p o ol siz e ,
fl am e h ei ght and t ilt of t he fla me .
I n a p o ol fi re , if an y ot he r c o mb u st ible s ub st anc e i s w it hin
t h e af fect e d ar ea , t her e is a p os sibilit y t hat a sec on da r y
fi re m a y ens u re .
An y p e rs on ca u ght i n t he p o ol fir e i s lik el y t o s uf fe r b u rns of
var yi n g d eg re e an d at t ime s f at ali t y 10 0% . F urt he r a s t h e
area cl os e t o t he s o urc e of l eak m a y b e d eplet e d in
ox y gen t h e chanc e s of h u man mo rt alit y cann ot be r ule d
o ut b eca u se of as ph yxi at ion .
8
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
In case of po ol f ire , the ra diat io n eff ect w o ul d be
re st ri ct ed t o t he sit e onl y .
b) F lash F i re :
A f l as h fi re i s a n on - expl o siv e c om b ust i o n o f a fl am mabl e
gas – ai r mixt ur e . I n det er minin g t he af fe ct ed di st ance fo r
fl as h . Fi r e t he ¼ LE L disp er si on di st ance of t he flam mabl e
cl o u d i s c on si der ed .
c) BL E VE o r F ir e Bal l :
B LE V E (B oi l in g Liq uid E xpandi ng V ap o u r E xplo si on ) o cc ur s
w h en t h er e i s a s u d den l o s s of c ont ain ment of a p re s s ure
ve ss el c on t aining a s upe rhe at ed liq uid or liq u efi ed ga s . A
B LE V E i s a s udd en r elea se of a la rg e m as s of pr e ss u riz ed
s up e rh e at ed liq uid or ga s t o t he at m o s pher e , all ow ing a
s up e r h e at ed liq uid t o fla sh t ypi call y incr easi ng it s v ol um e
ov er 20 0 t ime s . Thi s is s uf fici ent t o g e nerat e a p re s s ur e
w ave a n d fra gm ent s . I f t he rel ea sed liq ui d is fl am mable , a
fi re b al l ma y r es u lt .
d) U VC E (Un - co nfin ed Vap o ur Clou d Exp losio n) :
Wh en a lar ge a mo u nt of v ol at ile highly flam mabl e
s ub st an ce , esp ecial l y li q ue fie d g as is ra p idly di sp er se d int o
t h e at mo sph er e , a v apo u r cl o ud f or ms a nd di spe rs e s int o
at mo sp h er e a nd t r av el t o pr ev ailing w ind dire ct ion .
Fl a mmab l e v ap o ur c lo ud s m a y be i gnit e d fr o m a s o u rce o f
i gn i t i on , l i ke s m oki ng , f rict ion , heat i ng , pil ot flam es ,
veh i cl e s , el ect rical s y st em , spa rk s , fla me s , s mall fi re , st at ic
ch arg e et c . Th e cl o u ds a re n o rmall y i gnit ed at t he e dg e as
t h ey dri ft . Th e e ff e ct of ignit i on i s t o t ermin at e f u rt her
sp r ead of t he clo u d i n t hat dir ect i on .
1.5.2 Explosion
Th e t er m h as b e en u se d w it h r ef ere nce t o a n y ac cid ent al t he
det o n at i on of ex plo siv e ma ss eit he r in t he t ran sp o rt at ion o r in
t h e st ora ge .
An ex p l osi on i s g en erall y f oll ow e d b y a fi re and v ice - ve rs a .
Th e re f or e , i n ca se of expl osi on c ont aini n g t he fire t o pre vent it s
sp r eadi n g ar o un d or of pri me im po rt anc e .
9
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
1.5.3 Gas Release
S om e t i m e , Ga s l ea ks fr om t he st o rag e , pipe lin e s , co nt ain er s ,
t an ker s , p r oc e ss v es sel s et c . an d it w ill spread in t he
s urr o u n di n g ar ea , w i ll re s ult int o se ri o u s i nju r y , fir e or e xpl o si on
or t o xi c ef fect .
Th e p os si b i l i t y o f f oll ow ing re s ult s o rient e d d epen ding up on d ue
t o t h e ch e mi cal pr o pert ie s o f t he r elea s ed ga s
a) Fi r e o r expl o si on in cas e o f fla mmabl e pro pe rt ies of t he
gas .
b) T oxi c e ff ect s d u e t o t oxic pr op e rt ie s o f t h e g as .
c) P oi s on o u s ef fe ct s d u e t o p oi so n o us pr op ert ie s of t he ga s .
Th e e ff ect o f t h e gas can be as se ss ed f r o m t he ori gin , q uant it y ,
ch emi cal & ph y sic al pr op ert ie s of li qui d / ga s , w eat he r
con di t i on an d w ind dire ct ion . W hile t re m end o u s a m o unt of g as
l eak s i n t o at m o sph er e and if spr ea ding g as c om e s co nt act w it h
sp a rk / h ot s ub st anc e / frict i on / el ect ri c / op en fla me o r a ny
s o urc e of i gn i t ion , it w ill immediat el y expl od ed w it h fi re ,
al on gw i t h b l a st w av e c reat e s eri o u s ef fe ct on t he en vir on me nt .
Th e di f fe ren t m odel s ha ve b ee n de vel o ped a cc or ding t o t h e
di ff er en t c on di t ion , po sit ion on che mical s l eak ed .
10
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
CHAPTER – 2
CONCEPT OF PLAN
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Th i s d oc u me n t p r o vi de s t he ba sic i nf orm at ion re q uire d f or the
man a ge men t of ch emic al e me rg enc y in t he Di st rict . Th e dis ast e r
man a ge men t is a cont in u o u s & int e g rat ed p r oce s s for planning ,
prep are dn es s & m i t i gat ion of ch em i cal e me rg enc y . Al l di sast er
man a ge men t i n v ol v es c onsi de ring , pl a nning f or , t aking a ct ion s t o
av oi d o r c on t r ol or mi t i gat e , all p os sibl e ha zar ds , w hich m a y af fect t h e
Di st ri ct .
2.2 APPROACH TO CHEMICAL EMERGENCY
Ch emi cal em er gen c y i mpa ct r ed uct i on c an b e di vid ed int o t w o f ol ds .
2.1 Preparedness, Mitigation & Prevention :
Pr ep ar edn e ss , M it ig at ion act i on s ar e to be t ak e n be f or e a
ch emi cal em er gen c y t o re d uce t he lik el iho od of a dis ast e r (r isk
red u ct i on ) or t he l ev el of dam ag e (v ulne rabilit y re d uct ion )
exp ect ed fr o m a p o ssi ble em er gen c y . Th e Di st rict can av ail it sel f
of f o ur m ech an i s ms (sin g ularl y o r t o get her ) t o r ed u ce ris k and
v ul n e rab i l i t y .
1. L on g Te rm Plannin g fo r pr epar ed ne s s , mit ig at ion an d
p re ven t i on i n v est m e nt s in t h e Di st rict .
2. E n f orc em en t of re g ulat i on s , p art ic ula rl y buil ding & sa fet y
co de s a n d l and us e plans .
11
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
3. Re vi ew an d eval u at ion of d ev el opm ent plans & act i vit ies t o
i den t i f y w ay s t o re d u ce risk s and v uln er ab ilit y .
4. Ca p aci t y b uildin g , i nclu ding w ar ning , t h e pr ovi si on of r elie f
an d rec o ve r y a s sist a nce a nd co mm u nit y lev el i dent ifi cat ion
of ri sk an d v uln er abil it y .
Th e Di st ri ct c ol l ect or , as si st ed b y t he Di st r ict Dev el opm ent O ffi cer
is r es p on si b l e f or de vel opin g pl an s act i vit ies to ef fect
p rep are dn es s , mit ig at ion an d pr ev ent io n u sing t h e m echa nism
n ot e d ab o ve .
2.2 Warning, Relief and Recovery :
Warn i n g , R el i e f an d Re c ov er y Act i on s ar e int end ed t o elimin at e
the l o ss of life, pro pe rt y an d ha rd ship due to ch em ical
eme rg en c y . Th e f oc al point f o r ea rl y w ar ning , r elie f an d re co ver y
i s t h e Di st ri ct C oll ec t or , w h o dir ect s & c o - or dinat or t he s e e ff ort s
within the Di st rict . The C ollect or is furt h er r esp on sibl e fo r
dev el op i n g l on g t e r m reli ef , r ec ov er y and r ehabilit at i on p lans
du ri n g t h e c o ur se of a ch emic al em erg en cy or di sast er .
2.3 EMERGENCY PLAN
The plan consists of the actual performance of duties &
responsibilities by designated personnel and other agencies.
Therefore, the plan divides into three Phases. The Phase one
is pre-emergency period i.e. at normal time activities, before
emergency or preparedness, awareness and training parts.
Wh i l e Ph a se s ec on d ex plain s act i on s du ring e mer ge nc y peri od i .e .
du ri n g act ual em erg enc y p e ri o d , sp ecifi c d ut ie s a re t o b e per fo rm ed
by usi n g a vai l ab l e re so u rc es & c ont r ol me as u re s t ak en b y va rio u s
per s on s i n s y st em at i c w ay s .
Th e t h i r d Ph as e i n di cat es p o st em erg en cy p eri od w hich d e s cribe s t he
pre se rvi n g e vi d en c es a nd r ec or d s f or re me dial m ea s ur e s , saf e
reh a b i l i t at i on an d to fac e inq ui r y et c . as req ui re d by vari o u s
aut h ori t i e s . I t al s o explain s c o rre ct ive st ep s fr o m t he inci dent and
fi n di n g o ut t h e c o rr ect rea s on b ehind t he em erg enc y , s o t hat suc h
t yp e of i n ci d en t a ga i n w ill n ot occ ur .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
Th e ch a rt of e mer ge n cy plan , h ow ent ire arr ang em ent s ar e r eq uir ed t o
man a ge , i s p r od uc e d b elow :
Emergency Plan
Phase One Phase Two Phase Three
(Before Emergency (During Emergency (Post Emergency
Period) Period) Period)
Preparedness Immediate Assessment Safe restarting
Training Rehearsal Actual performance by Enquiries
Collection of Data various trained Post mortem of
Developing Resources emergency services / emergency
Emergency Facilities agencies / persons. Lesson
Updating communication Dig out & pool resources Corrective Steps
system Urgent communication Update of Emergency
Survey & Research on Various specific actions Plan & resources
control method Command and control Remedial Measures
Keep up control room Immediate declaration Strengthening the
Co-ordination and Rescue, Evacuation system
liaison work Traffic Control,
Education Bandopast,
Disclosure of information Emergency Medical
2.3.1 Phases of Treatment.
Emergency
The emergency can be handled successfully, if
participating services are well organized and
adequately well prepared. Th e emergency services /
agencies / au thorities have to plan the following
phases and always keep alert by pulling all efforts to
meet emergency at any time even at odd hours too.
The following chart indicates the different phases of the
emergency.
Emergency Plan
Pre-emergency Plan Action Plan
Organization Plan Training & Updation During Emergency Post Emergency
Emergency facilities
2.3.2 Phase 1 : Pre-Emergency
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
Th i s i s t h e fi r st st a ge of t h e plan . T he pl anning i s t he i mp ort ant
fact o r o f t h e of f - sit e e me rg enc y plan , w hich w ill r efl ect d uri n g
act ual p e rf or man c e . D u ring n or mal circ u mst an ce s , b ef or e
eme rg en c y st ri k e s , t he p rep arat or y act i o ns co nsi st s of :
1. I den t i fi cat i o n of sp e cific ha zar ds an d g r avit y of ha zar ds of
each ch e mi c al ha za rd o us unit .
2. As s e ss men t o f Ri sk a nd ha za rd o u s sc enar io s .
3. Set t i n g u p of r es p ons e & e s sent ial fa cilit ie s .
4. M ai n t en an c e of r eadin e ss of eq ui p ment s an d ot he r
req ui r em en t s .
5. Pr ovi si on of t r aining & r ehe ar sal / m ock d rill / exe rci se .
6. Pr op er an d ad eq uat e e ff ect iv e c o mm un i cat ion net w o rk .
7. I n for mat i o n on ch e mical ha za rd s , d am age c ont r ol , p r ope r
re sp on se p r oc ed ur e , l ong t er m cl ean up , m et e or ol o gical
da t a , s af e sh elt er s det ails , t r ans p ort ro ut e , det ail s on
eme rg en c y eq uip me nt s , a vailabi lit y o f medi cine s w it h new
dev el op ment & up d at ion .
8. T o ke ep up - t o- d at e i nf orm at ion o n va ri o u s r es o u rce s , help s &
exp ert g ui danc e f or eme rg enc y .
9. Pr ep ar edn e ss on seq u enc e of sp e cific d ut ies and
re sp on si b i l i t i e s
10. C o- or di n at i on an d liais on w it h all re s pect iv e e me rg enc y
aut h ori t i e s / s er vic es / ag enci es / or gani z at ion .
11. Re adi n es s an d m ai nt enanc e o f m aps , chart s , re s o ur ce s ,
eme rg en c y t el eph o ne n umb er s , rep air it ems , ne ut rali zin g
un der e me rg enc y , e quip me nt s et c .
Pr e - e mer ge n c y p l an can b e a rra ng ed i n t hre e st r uct u re s :
2 .3 .2 .1 O rg a ni z at io n Pl an
Th e st r uct ur e of or g anizat i on pla n sh o ul d be d ev el ope d
ver y p r eci se d and cle arl y f or e ff ect i ve c ont r ol a nd
co mma n d d uri ng act ual e me rg enc y . It w ill i ndicat e
sp e ci fi c r ole o f eac h eme rg enc y se rvic e s or p art icipat in g
or gan i zat i on / ag en cies / p er s on s . I t w ill clearl y st at e t he
l i n e o f c om man d , e ach pe rs on ‟ s sp eci fi c re sp on sibilit ie s
an d o rgani z ed s et up t o t ac kle t h e em erg enc y ef fe ct ive .
2 .3 .2 .2 Eme rg e nc y F acili tie s :
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
Th e p l an sh o uld pr o vide re q uir em ent s of vari o u s spe cific
faci l i t i e s t o t ac kle t h e dif fe re nt t ype s o f e mer gen cie s . Th e
t yp e s of eq uipm ent s , ap plianc es and f unct i on s can b e
asc ert ai n ed fr o m t h e M AH unit w hich h andle d / st or ed
t h e h az ard o u s ch em ical u n it s or on - sit e eme rg enc y pl an .
It sh o ul d be ens ur ed t hat t he pr esc rib ed si ze &
sp e ci fi c at ion o f r eq uir ed fa cilit ies . F urt her it sh o uld be
mai n t ai n e d and kept in w o rkin g or de r .
2 .3 .2 .3 Tr ai n i ng & U p d ati o n :
E mer gen c y planni ng is n ot a s ub st it ut e f or g oo d d esi gn ,
op erat i n g an d main t enance p ract ice s . The re f or e it mu st
al w ay s be f oll ow e d t he t rainin g pr a ct ice to a v oid
eme rg en ci es .
E xt en si ve e xpe rie nce in t he chemical ind u st r y w it h on - sit e
eme rg en c y pla nning has pr o ved t he n e ed and val u e o f
reh ear sal o f em erg enc y p r oce d ur es . T he e xe rci se s w ill
h el p t o r efi ne t h e pr oc ed ur e s b y i de nt if y ing d efi cien cie s
an d di f fi c ult ie s . E a c h exe rci se s ho ul d be monit or ed b y a
n u mb e r o f in dep en dent ob se rv er s l o c at ed at va ri o us
p o si t i on s , e .g . at t he scen e , t he e m erg enc y c ont r ol
cen t er , w o rk s ent ranc e , a s se mbl y point ca s ualt y
rec ep t i on ar ea . I t is rec o mm end ed t hat a maj o r ma s siv e
exe rci se sh o uld b e cond u ct ed at re g ula r int er val s by
arran ge me nt s w it h t he em erg enc y se rvic e s . The
eme rg en c y plan s n eed t o b e t e st ed w hen fir st de vi sed
an d t h e re aft e r t o b e reh ea rs ed at s uit abl e int e rval s .
Fi x p eri odi call y t o carr y o ut “T able - t o p exe rci se s” and
real re h ea rs al o f Of f - Sit e eme rg enc y plan . I t is , of -
co u rs e , es s ent ial t hat t he exe rci se s are car ef ull y
p rep are d , the r es u lt s anal y ze d an d l es s on s le arn ed ,
ci rc ul at e d a nd dis c u ss ed .
F ul l scal e pra ct ice inv olvin g all c on cer ned at s uit abl e
i n t erval s a re n ece s s ar y t o gi ve t he m axim u m p os sibl e
con fi d en c e t hat all rea s onabl y pra ct icable me as u re s
h ave b een t aken .
Af t er ea ch r ehea r s al or p ract ic e t he plan sh o ul d b e
revi ew ed t o t ak e ac co unt o f an y sh o rt co ming s high list e d
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
b y t h e e xer cis e . I n addit i on , it s e ff ect iv ene s s sh o uld b e
revi ew ed e ve r y t im e , as it is d eal w it h a r eal em erg en c y .
Al l r ec or d s o f v ari o u s O n - sit e E me rg en cy Plan , O ff - sit e
E mer gen c y Plan , M .S .D .S ., mo difi cat io ns , exp erie nce s a nd
s ug ge st i on , t he r ehe ars als and c oncl u si o ns o f s uch p lan s
an d t h e e nq uiri es sh all be w ell m aint aine d and p re se rv ed
b y t h e a ut ho rit y f or t he pu rp os e of r evi e w and
fu rt h e r g uida nce . Th e nec es sa r y Dat a B ank shall a ls o b e
ma i n t ai n e d f or t he u t ilit y of i nd u st rie s an d ot her s .
New i n f o rmat i on an d t he defi cien cie s (Omi s si on o r sh ort -
co mi n g s ) id ent ifi ed du ring the r ehea rsal sh o ul d be
revi ew ed a nd inc or p or at ed in t he r ele va nt doc u ment f or
con t i n u ed up - d at ing o f t he plan a nd s uch i n f orm at ion
sh o ul d b e c om m unic at ed t o t he c onc ern ed a ut ho rit ies .
2.3.3 Phase 2 : Action Plan
Th e r e s ul t o f p l annin g & pr epa re dne s s fo r t he e mer ge nc y w ill be
refl ect e d i n re al e mer gen c y t hat h ow part icipat in g se rvic es /
me mb e rs / p er s on s are re sp on ding t h e eme rg e nc y . I t is t o be
se en b y b ot h an gl es / act i on s b y p er s on s and f acilit ie s ut iliz ed by
t h em . T h er ef o re , a ct ion part i s re al ph as e o f a ct u al e me rg enc y .
Th e e me rge n c y se rvi ces sh o ul d b e call e d f or at t he ap pr opr iat e
t i me al on gw i t h c or r ect inf or mat i on so t hat t hey ca n r esp on se
an d h an dl e t h e sit ua t ion in pr ope r a nd ef fect iv e w a y w it hin sh ort
t i me . Th e y h a ve t o per fo rm t he d ut ie s / r ol es in s yst e mat ic ally
di sci p l i n e , sci en t i fic ally c o - ordi nat ed an d t rain ed mann er . T her e
sh o ul d n ot b e an y d uplic at ion o f w o rk a nd w ast ing o f t ime . The
p ro p e r l i ai s on w it h all ot her s er vic es is e ss ent ial . I mme di at e ,
p ro p e r ad eq uat e & spe cific t imel y rep o r t ing sh o ul d be giv en t op
p ri ori t y . S o t h at as se ss me nt and r es p ondi ng act i ons can b e p ut in
p ract i ce an d f urt he r help s w it h req ui re d re so u rc es can b e a s ked
or c al l e d f or , i f sit ua t ion is g et t ing m or e dis ori ent ing . T he act i on s
carri ed o ut d uri n g e mer gen c y a nd s ub se qu ent ly st eps or m ea s ur e
req ui r ed a ft er em erg enc y or p o st eme rg enc y ha ve been
exp l ai n ed i n f or eg oi ng pa rag rap hs .
2 .3 .3 .1 D u ri ng E me rg e nc y
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
I t i s t h e i mple ment at ion p art of t he ent ir e plan , b y e ach
eme rg en c y s er vice s or gani zat i on , ag enc y w hich re sp on s e
agai n st em erg enc y t o cont r ol an d t o re du ce ca s ualt ie s ,
dama ge t o t he pr o pert ie s an d en vir on ment imp act . It
req ui r e s i mm ediat e t ime b o un d act i on s to p ut in
p ract i ce . Th e st ep s can be d esc rib ed in t he bri ef , a s
b el ow :
a). Immediate communication network starts.
b). Ur gen t anal y sis on e mer gen c y sit u at ion and t o a s se s s
re sp on se act io ns b y con s ult ing ex pert s
c). T o ar rang e im me diat e co mplia nce o f re s pon se act ion s
fr om a vailabl e re s o u rce s w it h c o or dinat e d w a y .
d). To confirm specific duties performed by
responsible persons or with alternate
arrangement immediately.
e). Arrangement to control traffic, movement of
emergency services etc.
f). Arrangement of evacuation, if required and
other connected measures.
g). Other orders as directed by district authorities.
2.3.4 Phase 3 : Post emergency
After controlling the emergency, pending actions and
other incidental works are to be carried out in
prescribed manner. The process of ac tions, after
emergency is called as post emergency, which includes
Sa fe t erm i n at io n / w i t hdraw al o f e me rg en cy
Re st orat i on o f n o rma lcy r ehabilit at i on
E ss en t i al & a ut h ent ic inf or mat i on
I n q ui r y
C or re ct i ve act i ons
Th e f ol l ow i n g st eps , spec ifi ed bri efl y ar e t o be req ui re d d uri ng
p o st e me rg en c y :
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
1. On rec ei vi ng t he clea r signal s fr o m P oll ut i on C ont r o l
aut h ori t i e s f o r a s af e env ir onm ent c ond it ion , all c on sig ne d
h ave t o f ol l ow t he s p ecifi c in st r uct i ons .
2. Ac t i on s t o r est or e n o rmalc y , reh abilit at io n and r elie f w ork .
3. T o a s se s s t h e r eal da mag e & pr epa re t he rep ort .
4. T o c ol l ect t he r ec or ds , evi den ce and det ail s f or fa cing
i n q ui r y a n d re c ord p ur po s e .
5. To p re p ar e t he re port s c ont aining r eal ca u se of t he
i n ci de n t s , s ol ut i on o n t o av oi d rep eat at ion o f s uc h simil ar
occ u rr en c e .
6. T o d ev el op t he r e so ur ce s a s r eq uir ed d u ring t he em erg enc y ,
aft er e val uat ing t he real e mer ge nc y .
7. Up dat i on of e me rge ncy plan .
2.4 COMM AND & CONTROLS
2.4.1 LE V EL O F EM E R G EN CY
Th e l ev el of E me rg enc y ca n be cl as si fied acc or ding t o t he
gra vi t y o f t h e sit u at ion at sit e . Th e c om mand and co nt r ol w ill
fol l ow as p e r t h e le v el of e me rg enc y .
2.4.1.1 Level – I : On-Site Emergency :
Th e t yp e of e me rg e ncy a ris e in t he unit , w hich can b e
h an dl ed an d c ont r o lled b y t he m anag e ment w it h ow n
re so u rc es a s per On - sit e em er gen c y pla n prepa re d , i s
cal l ed a s On - sit e o r L ev el – I em erg enc y .
2.4.1.2 Level – II : Local Crisis:
While the Level – I is uncontrollable by the
management, the further more help is needed,
the neighbouring units or mutual aided local
units will provide their resources to tackle the
situation. The emergency of the unit which
handle and control by the out side resources, is
called as Mutual Aided Local Crisis or Level – II .
Further, this type of emergency m ay govern by
The Local Crisis Group.
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
2.4.1.3 Level – III : District Crisis :
E ven aft e r p ut t ing e ff ort s a s expl aine d i n L ev el – I I , t he
si t u at i on bec o me s u ncont r oll able an d w or st . Th e Di st ric t
Cr i si s G r o up w ill t ak e ov er t he c har ge t o han dle t he
eme rg enc y sit uat i on . Thi s w ill t er m a s L ev el – I I I .
2.4.1.4 Level – IV : State Crisis / National Crisis :
C on si d erin g t he gra vit y an d sit uat io n o f t he eme rg enc y
s uch t h at it cannot be cont r oll ed b y t he L ocal or Di st rict
Cr i si s G r o up . T he S t at e/ Nat io nal C risi s G r o up h as t o
co mma nd an d c o nt rol s uch c ri sis by ut ilizi ng all
re so u rc es fr om t he St at e or N at ion , as p re vailin g
ci rc um st anc e s .
2.4.2 CO MM A ND & CO NT RO LS
Th e ul t i mat e r es p ons ibilit y t o mana ge f o r em er gen c y re st s w i t h
t h e Ch ai r man of Di s t rict Cri si s Gr o up in cas e of l ev el – I II , i .e .
Di st ri ct c ri si s as ari s ed in Di st rict ar ea of his c om man d . T he
Di st ri ct C ri si s Gr o up w ill prep ar e t he of f - s it e e mer gen c y pl an f or
t h ei r i n d u st ri al p oc ket s . A c ent er c o nt rol room un de r t he
s up e rvi si on an d g ui danc e b y Dist ri ct Cr isis G ro u p w ill fu nct io n
an d ca rr y o ut t hei r d ut ies . The Dist ri ct C risi s G ro u p s h o ul d
en s u re t o get e q ui pped w i t h es s ent ial facilit ie s w it h w o rk ing
or de r .
Al l a vai l ab l e re s o ur c es fr o m t he in d u st ri al p ocket s , t al uk a a nd
t h e di st ri ct w i l l b e p o ole d t o ut ili ze t o c on t rol t h e e me rg enc y by
c o- or di n at e d mann er as pe r p re vailin g cir c um st anc es a nd
si t u at i on .
Wh i l e t aki n g cha rge o f hi s p osit i on b y e ach se rvic e a ut ho rit y ,
b e en s ur e f o r v eri fic at ion of req ui sit e a n d ava ilable re s o ur ce s .
F urt h e r , t h at t he re s o urc es sh o uld m ee t t he r eq uir em ent s fo r
an y e me rg en c y ari se d in t h e in d ust ri al p o cket .
Th e em er gen c y s er vi ces a ut ho rit y h as t o plan t o g et eq uipp ed
an d t rai n e d t heir pers o nnel to h a ndle t he e me rg en cy
eff ect i v el y i n t hei r a r ea i f a ris ed .
Th e v ari o u s dep art m ent s o rga niz at ion s , a genci e s in d ust ri es a nd
p er s on s will be la rgel y i nv ol ved to t ackle t he in d ust ri al
eme rg en c y . Th er ef o r e , t heir ro le s m u st be ident i fied in t he p l an
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
s o t h at i n d u st ri al e m erg enc y can be han dled t imel y and in c o -
or di n at e d w ay . Th e aut h orit ie s , d epa rt ment inv ol ve d in t he
eme rg en c y p l an a r e re q ue st ed t o p re pare t h eir ow n act i on
p l an w i t h n ece s sar y re q uire me nt s , ke epi ng t he ri sk o f ha zar ds
p o se d b y t h e i n d ust r ies . F urt he r in v olv ed per s on s / k e y p er s o ns
sh o ul d be t raine d to t ackle t he indu st rial em erg enc y in
s yst e mat i c ma nne r . The g uideli ne s indic at ing vari o u s act i on s /
rol e s exp ect ed f r o m t he diff er ent se r vic e s / a ut h orit ie s are
exp l ai n ed b e l ow bri e fl y . Th e em er genc y s ervi ce s in cl ud es
1) FI RE SE RV I CE S
2) PO LI CE DE P AR T M E NT
3) M E DI C AL SE RV I CE S
4) E X PE RT S
2.4.3 CH EM I C AL I N FO R MA TI ON ( M. S.D. S.)
Si n c e , t h er e i s n o n - exi st enc e of m aj or acci dent h az ar do u s
ch emi cal f act o r y in t he dist ri ct , t he ch emic al inf o rmat i on of
st o red , p r oc e ss ed or u se d d oe s n ot ari sed . H ow e ve r , t he c ert ai n
h aza rd o u s ch e mical s ma y be t ran sp or t ed by v ehicl es e.g.
M .S .D .S . o f L P G , C hl o rine , Am m oni a , S ulp hu ric aci d , Napt ha a re
p ro d uct at An n e x ure – 1 1 f or re fe ren ce p ur po s e .
2.4.4 ME T EO RO LO G IC A L I NF O RM AT I ON
Th e w eat h e r c ondit ion s ar e i mp ort ant fact or t o as s es s t he
i mm edi at e e ff ect o n t he in d u st rial p o c ket ar ea & s ur r o und ed
area . Th e det ail s in res pect of w ind ve locit y , w ind dir ect io n ,
rai n f al l h umi di t y w i ll deri ve to f o re c a st t he w eat her an d
acc or di n gl y re sp on s e act i on s c an b e s ug ge st ed .
2.4.5 EM E R G EN CY I NS T RU CT IO N T O G EN E R AL PU BL I C
C on si d eri n g t h e gra v it y o f em er gen c y sit uat i on , s om e t ime s t he
p op ul at i on i n t h e vi cinit y o f t h e unit i s t o b e eva c uat ed a nd
req ui r ed t o sh i ft at sa fe shelt e r . H ow e ver , t h e p ubli c in t he
vi ci n i t y o f t h e unit s ho ul d be al ert e d or anno u nce me nt sh o u ld
b e mad e b ef o re s u c h act i on , if t h e sit u at ion is e st abli she d .
E mer gen c y i n st r u ct ion t o t he gen eral public i s gi ven in at
Ch ap t er - 5 .
2.4.6 EM E R G EN CY E QU IP M EN T SUP PL IE R S
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
Th e l i st a vai l a ble s o ur ce s of e mer gen c y eq uip ment s like S e lf
B reat h i n g Ap p a rat u s and ot h er Per s onal Pr ot ect iv e E q uip men t s
i s gi v en i n An n ex ur e – 10 .
2.4.7 CO N ST ITU TI ON O F D I ST R I CT C R IS I S G R OU P
Na rma da Di st ri ct C risi s Gr o up i s c on st it ut ed a s or de red b y
Di st ri ct C ol l ect or i s g iven at Ann ex ur e – 1 2 .
2.4.8 DI ST R I CT M AP S
M ap o f Nar ma da , in dicat ing r o ad , rail s , cit ies et c . ar e gi ven at
An n ex u re – 1 .
2.4.9 CO N V E RS I ON T AB L E
C on ve rsi on Tab l e i s g iven at Ann ex ur e – 1 4 .
2.4.10 GLO S S AR Y O F T E RM S & D E F IN IT IO N S
Th e u se f ul T echn i c al Wo rd s de finit i o ns , u se d d urin g t he
eme rg en c y p eri o d reg ardi ng ha za rd o u s ch emic als , t er ms ,
defi n i t i on s et c . ar e a ppend ed in An ne xu r e – 15 .
CHAPTER – 3
TRANSPORTATION HAZARDS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
I n dust ri al i z at i on gr ow t h in I ndia , s ho ot up rapi d in crea s e in
t ran sp o rt at i on o f h a zar d o us ch emic als b y r oad . M a j or r oad accid ent s
h ave cl e arl y de mo n st rat e d t hat ha zar do u s c he mical c arr ier s , w he n
in v ol v ed i n acci d en t s , can ca u se di sa st ro u s c on seq u enc es like , Fi re ,
E xp l o si on , T oxi c R el e ase , S pillag e re s ult in g in lo ss of li fe an d prop ert y
besi de s en vi r on men t al poll ut io n . S u ch accide nt s de man d imm ediat e
avai l a b i l i t y of es s e n t i al info rm at ion to t ake a ppr op riat e co u nt er
mea s ur e s .
Th e p r od u ct s of ch emic al ind u st r y v ar y e n orm o u sl y in t h eir t y pe s ,
pro p e rt i es an d de g ree o f ha za rd s , ran ging fr om expl o si ve , t oxi c t o
21
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
pl ast e r b o ard . C h e m i cals t ran sp ort ed a s s olid , liq ui d in a w ide rang e o f
t emp e rat u re an d p re ss u re .
Re al i si n g t h e d an g e rs , t h e new M ot or V ehicle s Act , 1 98 8 has b een
in t rod u ce d i n I n di a by imp o sing pe rm it condi t io ns an d displ a ying
eme rg en c y i n f o rm at i on pan el fo r vehicl e s c arr yi ng haza rd o u s
s ub st an ce s .
Pr ovi si on in the M ot o r V ehicl e Act , 19 88 (R eg ardi ng Tra nsp o rt
E mer gen c y C on t r ol ) :
Un d er t h e N ew Act , ev er y M ot or V ehicl e carr yi ng ha za rd o u s s ub st anc es
sh o ul d c om p l y w i t h c ert ain re g ulat io ns .
1. E mer gen c y I n f or mat i on Pa nel
2. Tr em Car d
3. E mer gen c y Ki t
4. Tra i n i n g
3.2 EMERGENCY INFORM ATION PANEL
Th e e me rge n c y i n f or mat i on pan el p r o vide s det ail s in t h e ev ent o f
eme rg en c y . I t i n di c at es t h e c or re ct T ec hnical Na me of t h e s ub st ance
bei n g t ra n s p o rt ed , i t s U N N o ., Ha zch em C od e an d U N Ha z ard Cla s s
Lab el (Di a m on d S h ape d ). T he pan e l also p r ovi de s e mer gen c y
t el ep h on e n o ., sp ec i alist ad vic e in ca se of em er gen c y . Th e v ehicle
sh o ul d h av e em erg en c y in f or mat io n pa nel on b ot h sid e s a nd on t he
rea r .
Th e si z e (6 0 0 M M x 8 00 M M ) an d shap e o f t he pan el i s sh ow n bel ow :
800
10
CORRECT TECHNICAL NAME
135
(a)
CLASS
10 LABEL
120 UN No. (b) (e)
5
120 HAZCHEM (c)
600
10
180 IN EMERGENCY DIAL SPECIALIST ADVISE
(d) (f)
22
10
10 380 10 390 10
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
(a ) Co rr ec t Te ch n ica l Na m e
The correct Technical name of contain / substance
should be indicated at this corner.
(b ) UN Num b e r
The relevant UN Hazard Class Lab el (UN Symbol) has to
be displayed on the front part of the vehicle (Central
Motor Vehicle Rules 129, 134).
The UN Committee has classified various hazardous
substances according to the risk involved. Each
hazardous substances included in the list has bee n
allocated a unique four -digit number, which is the
substance‟s UN Number. Since the Numbers are in
Arabic Letters, it helps in ready identification of the
chemical being transported e.g.
Am m o n i a = 10 05
Ch l o ri n e = 10 17
LP G = 10 75
M et h an ol = 12 30
E. O = 10 40
(c) H a zc hem Co d e
The Hazchem Code is an emergency action code
designed by the London Fire Brigade. I t enables the fire
brigade to know at once the ac tion to be taken in case
of fire or spillage e.g.
Ammonia = 2PE
Chlorine = 2XE
LPG = SWE
Methanol = 2PE
E. O. = 2PE
(d ) In Em erg e ncy D ia l
23
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
The Telephone No. of the contact person in case of
emergency.
(e) Cla s s La b el
Chemicals have been grouped into nine basic classes
depending on the nature of the hazard. shaped label
bearing a pictogram for quick hazard r ecognition
classes. I t is hazard -warning sign by different Diam ond
represented numerically from 1 to 9 which are given
below :
Class-1 : Explosives
Class-2 : Gases, Compressed, Liquified, Dissolved
under pressure or deeply refrigerated
Class-3 : Flammable Liquids
Class-4 : Flammable Solids, Substances Liable to
Spontaneous Combus tion, Substance
which on contact with water emit
flammable gases.
Class-4.1 : Flammable Solids
Class-4.2 : Substances liable to spontaneous
combustion
Class-4.3 : Substances which in contact with water
emit flammable gases
Class-5 : Oxidizing Substances, Organic Peroxides
Class-5.1 : Oxidizing Substances
Class-5.2 : Organic Peroxides
Class-6 : Poisonous (Toxic) & infections substance
Class-6.1 : Poisonous (Toxic) Subs tance
Class-7 : Radioac tive Substances
Class-8 : Corrosives
Class-9 : Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances
Each United Nations Hazard Class Label has a distinctive
diamond. Each label also has a charac teristics
background colours.
Colour Hazard Type
Orange Explosives
Red Flammable
Blue W ater Reactive
Yellow Oxidizing Substance
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
W hite Toxic / Inf ections
Yellow & W hite Radio Active
Black & W hite Corrosive
(f) Sp ec ia l Ad vi ce
The fire extinguishing media, special protec tion system
etc. can be given br iefly.
3.3 TREM CARD
3.3.1 Written information in Trem Card
As a p rec a ut i on a g ainst an y acci dent or e me rg enc y t hat ma y
occ u r d u ri n g car ri age , t he d riv er s hall be s uppli ed w it h
i n st r uct i on s i n w ri t in g sp eci f ying c onci sel y ;
a ) Th e n at ur e of the dang er pr es ent ed by t he d ang er o u s
s ub st an ce s ca rrie d and t he nec es sa r y saf et y mea s u re s t hat
m ust b e t ak en t o a v ert t hat d ang er ,
b ) Th e act i o n t o b e t aken an d t re at men t t o be giv en in t h e
ev en t of p er s on s c omi ng int o co nt act w it h t he danger o u s
s ub st an ce s b ein g c a rrie d or w it h an y s ub st ance s w hich might
esc ap e t h er e fr o m ;
c ) Th e mea s ur e s t o be t aken in ca se of f ire and , in pa rt icul ar , t h e
ext i n g ui sh i n g met h od s an d/ o r ag en t s or gr o up s of
ext i n g ui sh i n g m et ho ds and / or ag ent s n ot t o be u sed .
d ) Th e me as u re s to be t aken in c ase of br eak age or
det eri o rat i o n of pa cking o r of t he d ange r o us s u bst anc e s
b ei n g car ri e d , part i cul arl y w he re s u ch dang er o u s s ub st anc es
h ave sp i l l e d o ver t he r oad .
3.3.2 Th e s e i n st r uct i on s sh all be s uppli ed t o t he ca rri er at t he la t est
w h en t h e t ran sp ort o rde r i s giv en , so a s t o en abl e him t o t ak e all
n ece s sar y st ep s t o ens u re t hat t he e m plo y ee s c onc ern ed are
aw are of t h e s e i nst r u ct ion s and a re c apa ble o f ca rr yin g t hem o ut
eff i ci en t l y .
3.4 EMERGENCY KIT
Th e E m erg en c y Ki t con si st s o f P er s on al Pr ot e ct ive E q uip ment , S elf
Breat h i n g Ap p arat u s , Fir e E xt in g uish er s , Sa fet y E q ui pm ent s e t c. a s p er
st at ut or y re q ui r em e n t s , w hich sh o uld k eep w it h t he vehic le du ring
t ran sp o rt at i on o f h az ard o u s ch em ical s .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
3.5 TRAINING
I t i s n ece s sar y t o t r ai n t he driv er s , p oli ce an d fire bri gad e pe opl e in
h an dl i n g of h az ar do u s ch emi cals and m eet ing t h e e me rg en cies ari sin g
o ut o f l eaka ge s an d spilla ge s o f che m icals . The l ead an d init iat ive
sh o ul d b e t aken b y t h e man uf act ure r f or t raining .
Dri v er h a s t o mai n t ai n ve hicle , a cce s s ori es , pr ot e ct ive cl ot hi ng , sa fet y
eq ui p m en t s , E m er ge n cy kit in g o od co nd it ion an d he sh o ul d be t rain ed
t o h an dl e al l t h e s e eq uip ment s e ff ect i vel y . The dri ve r s m u st be f ull y
con ve rs an t w i t h t h e p ro d uct t he y ca rr y . The y m u st be c onv e rsa nt w it h
t h e T re m Ca rd an d g et acc or dingl y in an eme rg enc y . The y s h o uld ke ep
t h e Tr em Car d i n a saf e pla ce . Dri ve r sh o uld maint ain t h e e mer gen c y
in f orm at i on p an el i n po sit ion on car rie rs as s peci fie d an d p re scrib ed
man n er . I n cas e o f mi sh ap , d riv er s ho ul d be rep o rt ed im me diat el y t o
t h e n e are st P ol i ce St at i on .
3.6 TRANSPORTATION SIGNALS
F ol l ow i n g S yst e m s ad opt ed f or h az ar do u s g o o ds t r an sp ort at i on to
iden t i f y q ui ckl y t h e de gr ee of ha zar ds . Ad opt e d fr o m Na t ional Fi r e
Pr ev en t i on As s oci at i on (N F P A) St an dar d – 70 4
BLUE RED YELLOW
IDENTIFICATION OF IDENTIFICATION OF IDENTIFICATION OF
HEALTH HAZARD FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY
Type of Possible Injury Susceptibility to burning Susceptibility to Release of Energy
Signal
Materials, which on Materials which will Materials, which are
very short exposure rapidly or compl etely readily capable of
could cause death or vaporize at detonation or of
4 major residual injury
even though prompt
atmospheric pressure
and normal ambient
explosive decomposition
or reaction at normal
medical treat ment, temperature and which temperatures and
were given. will burn. pressures.
Materials, which on Liquids and solids that Materials that are
short exposure could can be ignited under capable or detonation
cause serious almost all ambient or explosive reaction but
temporary or residual temperature require a strong
3 injury even through
prompt medi cal
conditions. initiating source or that
must be heated under
treatment, were confinement before
given. initiation, or react
explosively with water.
Materials, which on Materials that must be Materials that are
intense or continued moderately heated or normally unstable and
2 exposure could cause exposed to relatively readily undergo violent
temporary high ambient chemical changes but
26
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
incapacitation or temperatures before do not detonate also
possible residual injury ignition can occur. materials that may react
unless prompt with water violently, or
medical treatment is that may form
given. potentially exp losive
mixtures with water .
BLUE RED YELLOW
IDENTIFICATION OF IDENTIFICATION OF IDENTIFICATION OF
HEALTH HAZARD FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY
Type of Possible Injury Susceptibility to burning Susceptibility to Release of Energy
Signal
Materials, which on Materials that must be Materials that are
exposure would cause pre-heated before normally stable, but that
irritation but only, ignition can occur. can become unstable at
minor residual injury elevated temperatures
1 even if no treatment
is given.
and pressures, or that
may react with water
with some release of
energy, but / not
violently.
Materials which on Materials that will not Materials that are
exposure under fire burn. normally stable even
conditions would offer under fire explosive
0 no hazard beyond conditions, and that are
that of ordinary not reactive with water.
combustible
FIRE
HEALTH SAFETY
27
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
3.7 TRANSPORTATION ROUTE SURVEY
St at e Hi gh w a y s p a s s es t hr o ug h t he Dist ri ct & haza rd o u s che mical s ar e
bei n g t ran sp ort e d b y r oad .
I t i s es s en t i al t h at t h e r o ut e s o f t ra nsp o rt at ion b y r oa d f or haza rd o u s
ch emi cal s h a ve t o b e id ent ifi ed . T he n ame s a nd c ont a ct nu mbe rs o f
n ear e st p ol i c e st at i on t hr o ugh o ut t he r o ut e w it h in t he juri sdict i on of
Na rma da Di st ri ct . B esi de s , dep endi ng on t he t y pe of chemi cal s
in v ol v ed i n r o ad ac ci dent acci dent al re leas e / leak ag e , t h e ind u st r y /
agen t re sp on si b l e f o r t ransp o rt at ion or r ecei ving t he ch emi c als ha ving
adeq u at e re s o urc e s and expe rt is e ma y be su mm on ed t o t ackle t he
si t u at i on & c on t r ol s afet y .
Th e t ab l e gi ven b el ow , in dicat e s init ial is olat i on & p rot ect ive act io n
di st an c e s s u gge st e d w hich w ill be u se f ul t o pr ot ect pe opl e f r om f um e s
/ vap o ur / l i q ui d r e s ul t ing fr om s pills in vol vin g ha za rd o u s g o od s . T he
t ab l e p r o vi d e i n i t i al gui dan ce t o t he fir st re sp ond anc e unt il t echnic all y
qual i fi e d em er gen c y re sp on se pe r so nnel w ill arri v e & t ake c hange of
si t u at i on . Di st an ce s h ow ar ea s lik el y t o be a ff ect ed d urin g t he fi rst 3 0
mi n ut es on sp i l l age t h e s ub st ance w hich co ul d inc re as e w it h t ime .
Th e i n i t i al i s ol at i o n z one de fin es an are a s u rr o un ding t h e i ncide nt in
w h i ch p ub l i c ma y be exp o se d to da nger o u s (u p w ind ) and life
t h reat er ri n g (d ow n w i nd) c onc ent rat io n s of s ub st anc e . Th e prot ect ive
act i on z on e d efi n e s as an ar ea d ow nw i nd fr o m t he incid en t in w hich
per s on s e xp os ed t o s ub st anc e , ma y b ec o me in capa cit at ed a nd unabl e
t o t ake p r ot e ct i ve act ion and / or inc ur s eri o u s o r ir re ve rs ible h ealt h
eff ect s . Th e t ab l e p r ovi de sp eci fic g ui da nce f o r s mall and la rge spill s
occ u rri n g da y o r n i g h t .
Ad j u st i n g di st an c es f or a spe cific inci dent in v olv es t he t echnic all y
exp ert & q ual i fi ed p er so n ca n m ake s uc h adj u st m ent acc o r ding t o t he
pro p e rt i es o f da n ge ro u s g o o ds , t he p o pulat i on t hr eat en ed , w e at her
con di t i on et c .
SMALL SPILLS LARGE SPILL
(From a large package or from (From a small package of small
many small packages). leak from a large pacakage).
Sr.
Chemicals Name
No. First Isolate Then protect First Isolate Then protect
in all persons in down in all persons
Directions wind during directions downwind during
28
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
(Mts.) Night Day (Meters) Night Day
(kms) (kms) (kms) (kms)
Liquid Ammonia, Anhydrous
1. 30 0.2 0.3 95 0.8
Ammonia
Ammonia Solution, with
2. 30 0.2 0.2 60 0.2 0.3
more than 50% Ammonia
3. Chlorine 60 0.3 0.8 185 0.8 3.1
Continue . . .
SMALL SPILLS LARGE SPILL
(From a large package or from (From a small package of small
many small packages). leak from a large pacakage).
Sr. Then protect Then protect
Chemicals Name First Isolate First Isolate
No. persons in down persons
in all in all
wind during downwind during
Directions directions
(Mts.) Night Day (Meters) Night Day
(kms) (kms) (kms) (kms)
4. Ethylene Oxide 60 0.2 0.3 185 0.6 2.7
5. Hydrocyanic Acid 60 0.2 0.8 185 0.6 2.7
6. Hydrogen Fluoride 60 0.2 0.6 155 0.5 2.3
7. Hydrogen Chloride 60 0.2 0.5 155 0.5 1.8
8. Fluorine 60 0.2 0.5 155 0.5 1.8
9. LPG 90 0.2 0.3 120 0.5 1.0
10. Naptha / NGL 30 0.2 0.2 60 0.2 0.3
11. Free SO3 / H2SO4 60 0.2 0.8 185 0.6 2.9
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
CHAPTER – 4
CARE FOR SAFE HANDLING
4.1 FIRES
The Fire resul ts from the combustion of fuel, heat and
Oxygen. A substance will burn, when it is heated upto a
certain critical tempe rature known as “I gnition tem perature”
and it will ignite and continue to burn as long as there is
presence of fuel, proper temperature and supply of oxygen.
The practical means to combat with fires is to tackle the
above mentioned items carefully.
a. Heat c an b e t ak en a w ay b y c o olin g .
b. Ox y gen can b e t ake n aw a y b y e xcl udin g t he ai r .
c. F uel can b e r em o ve d t o an ar ea , w her e t here is n o flam e .
d. The chemical reaction can be stopped by inhibiting the
rapid oxidization of the fuel.
30
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
4.2 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Fires are classif ied in Five Groups. The portable fire
extinguishers of various types as explained below are being
installed. Sand buckets also have been ins talled. They are
used to extinguish fires as soon as they are detected. The
type of each extinguishers to be used in each class of fires
have been described below
U si n g t h e w r on g k i n d of fir e e xt ing ui s her s c o uld be dan ger o u s . F or
exa mp l e , u si n g w at er on s o me s olv ent s o r od o ur can act u ally sp re ad
t h e fi re or fl a me s . E v en if y o u ha ve t he ri ght ext ing uis her , y o u mu st u se
it co rre ct l y t o b e e ff ect ive .
Class
I. S.
of Description Extingui shing Media
No.
Fire
A Fires involving ordinary Water ---
combustible materials like wood, Water (Gas Pressure) 940
paper, textiles etc. The quenching Water (Constant air 6234
and cooling effect of water or of pressure)
solutions containing larger Water – Soda – Aci d 934
percentage of water are of first type
importance in extinguishing these
fires.
B Fires occur in the vapour -air Dry Chemical Powder 2171
mixture over the surface of 4308
flammable liquids such as petr ol, Carbon-di-oxide 2878
oil, grease, naphtha, paints, Foam 933
thinners, varnishes etc.
They are controlled by limiting the
supply of air (Oxygen), blanketing
effect is essential.
C Fires involving gaseous substances Dry Chemical Powder 2178
under pressure, where it is 4308
necessary to dilute the burning Carbon-di-oxide 2878
gas at a very fast rate with an
inert gas or p owder .
D They occur in combustible metals Dry chemical Powder 2171
such as magnesium, titanium, special day powder for 4861
sodium, aluminium, zinc, potass ium metal fire
etc. where the b urning metal is
reactive to water.
E Fires involving electrical Carbon-di-oxide 2171
equipments where the electrical Dry Chemical Powder 4308
non-conductivity of extinguishing
media is of first imp ortant
31
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
4.3 PRECAUTION IN FLAMM ABLE AREA
Mobile vehicles withou t exhaust muffles (spark arrester)
should not be allowed, where flammable gas / vapour is
suspec ted. No open flame, lighter, bidi / cigar or hot
substance will be permit ted.
Wind direction, velocity should be ascertained sufficient
water pressure with required range, hydrants, intact hose
pipes with connections trained personnel and proper PPE are
essential.
4.4 EXPLOSION HAZARDS
The following factors may lead to explosion due to presence
of flammable mixtures in the atmosphere. Therefore, due
care should be taken to avoid such factors, while handling
flammable gas or liquid during emergency.
1. E l ect ri cal
2. Sm oki n g
3. Fri ct i on
4. Hot s ur fac es
5. Wel di n g sp a rk s
6. Ga s C yl i n d er s
7. Sp on t an eo u s i gn i t i on
8. St at i c E l e ct ri ci t y
9. Ov erh eat e d mat eri al s
10 . L ub ri can t s
11 . Fl a mmab l e met al s
12 . I n fl amma b l e S ol i ds / Liq uid s / Ga se s .
13 . Li gh t e n i n g St r o ke s
14. Mobile Vehicles
4.5 PRECAUTION FOR EXPLOSION
a. Th e re m u st b e fol l ow i ng at t ack i n p re vent i ng an e xpl osi o n .
b. Dev el op m en t & ac c u m ula t ion of ex pl osi v e mi xt u re .
c. T o l ow e r d ow n t h e l o w er e xpl o siv e li mit o f expl o si ve mixt ur e
d. T o el i mi n at e t h e s o u r ce o f ig nit ion
32
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
e. Pr op er v en t i l at i o n , w hich w ill prev ent e xce ssi ve acc u m ulat ion of
gas e s or va p o ur un d er cert ain c on dit ion s .
f. Ch an g es i n t h e t em p erat u r e w ill al s o cha nge it s den sit y
g. T o p r o vi d e exh a u st o r s u cking s y st em Car e s ho ul d b e t ake n t o u se
fl am ep r o o f or e xp l osi on pr o of el ect ric al e quip me nt .
h. U se o f i n e rt ga se s s uch a s Car bo n - di - ox ide , nit r oge n , fl ue g as or
ot h e r n on - c o mb ust i ble ga s es . Thei r f unct i on is to ke e p t he
con cen t rat i on o f o xy gen bel ow t he p oint at w hich it w ill no t
s up p ort t h e c o mb ust i on .
i. Winter poses potential hazards because of colder and
drier weather create more s tatic electricity and
flammable vapour concentration attains its explosiv e
limits easily. Further hazards increases doubly when the
doors and windows of the building where such
flammable substances are used, are kept closed in order
to conserve heat for human comfort during cold
weather.
4.6 TOXIC HAZARD
Harmful chemical can exer t its toxic effect only when they
come in contact with body cells. Their routes of entries are
inhalation, skin, gases, dirt, fumes and mists. Most of the
harmful chemicals get entry during inhalation. The self -
contained breathing apparatus, canister mask, fresh air mas k
like personnel protective equipment to be used.
4.7 WATER REACTIVE CHEMICALS
Certain chemicals, which are highly reactive with water. Do
not use water during their spillages, leakages, overflowing
etc. The Oleum, Chlorine, Phosphorus etc. have affinity with
the water. The sand, dry earth or soda ash, lime etc. can be
used, ins tead of water.
33
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
4.8 SPECIALIZED RESOURCES
These resources are those specifically designed to deal with
oil and hazardous material spills. They may range from
simple containment booms to elaborate trailer -mounted
incinerators and unit processes to deal with hazardous
material spills. A typical list follows.
a) Booms and Barriers:
A wide variety of floating barriers are manufactured of
different sizes, shapes and materials to con tain spilled
materials, divert spilled material or exclude spilled
materials from sensitive areas.
b) Skimmers:
A wide range of skimmers use one or more of such
processes as weirs, oliaphilic drums, bel ts or ropes,
inclined planes, vortexes or suction to rem ove oil or
hazardous materials from the water surface for transport
to receiving facilities.
c) Sorbents:
Absorbent or adsorbent materials selectively absorb oil
or hazardous materials for removal and disposal. These
sorbents are made from a wide range of n atural and
manufactured materials.
d) Chemicals:
Specialized chemicals are used to disburse oil and
hazardous materials after surface tension and thus
spreading, make and break emulsions and neu tralize or
alter hazardous materials.
e) Chemical Spreading Equipme nt:
A wide range of chemical spreading equipment, ranging
from hand sprayers and truck sprayers to vessel and
34
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
aircraft spraying equipment, dispose the special
chemicals.
f) Storage Facilities:
Emergency storage facilities, range from fast erecting
tanks to rubber and plastic pillows and liners for pits and
reservoirs.
g) Special Treatment Units:
A wide variety of special treatment units have been
developed (but not widely distributed) for oil -water
separation, chemical processing, incineration and the
like.
h) Instrumentation / Safety Equipment:
A wide range of safety equipment in the form of
breathing equipment, protec tive clothing, protective
footwear and so on, is needed, particularly for hazardous
material spills. Similarly, a wide range of analysis
equipment, including explosion meters, gas -measuring
equipment and organic vapour analyzers is needed to
measure hazard characteristics.
i) Unit Operations and Processes:
The traditional and specialized resources are utilized
together to achieve components of the cle anup process.
The terms “unit operations” and “unit processes” are
borrowed from chemical and environmental engineering
to describe the collection of the individual unit
operations (single activities) into unit processes (groups
of activities) to achieve a purpose in the cleanup
operation.
4.9 DEALING WITH SPILLAGES OF COMMON HAZ ARDOUS
CHEMICALS
1. Acid Chlorides:
35
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
Cl ean u p w i t h s an d or s o di um bica rb ona t e.
2. Alk a li Me ta l s o f a lk o x i d es:
Th e y sh ow s p on t ane o u s r eact i vit y w it h c arb on di - oxi de , w at er o r
moi st ai r . D o n ot u s e w at er or C O 2 t o q ue nch flam es b ut u s e dr y
s oda a sh ( An h yd r o u s Na 2 C O 3 ), o r sp ec ial e xt ing uis hing p o w der s
s uch a s grap h i t e w ith org anic ph o sphat e . F or s mall fir e s , s and can
b e u se d .
3. A ro m a tic Am i ne s:
Th e s e ar e t ox i c an d re adil y ab s or bed t hro ug h skin . I mm ediat e
rem o val of s p i l l s or skin or cl ot hing is e ffe ct ed b y w ashin g w it h
w at er . V ap o u rs a re t oxi c t o o .
4. H a lo g e na ted Am ine s a n d Ni tro Co m p o und s:
Th e re ar e t oxi c vi a inhalat io n or ski n p enet rat i on . Re m ov e spill s
w i t h w at er.
5. A zid es ( N 3 ) :
E xp l o si ve . Di l ut e aq u eo u s s ol ut i ons of h yd raz oi c a cid and t oxi c
6. Ca rb o n D is ul f id e:
Q ui t e fl a mma b l e an d m o de rat el y t oxic
7. C hlo ro su lf o nic A cid :
I n moi st ai r H C L and H 2 S O 4 ar e f or me d . Av oi d br eat hing in f u me s .
I n Sp i l l ag e ar ea sp r a y li me sol ut i on inst e a d of w at er .
8. Cya n id e s a nd N it ri le s:
T oxi c , i f i n h al ed , sw a llow ed o r abs o rbe d t hro u gh s kin . Liq uid ni t riles
an d H C N ar e fl am m able . U se C O 2 ext ing ui she rs . Cle an up c y anide
sp i l l s w i t h w at er. Fl u sh s mall a m o unt s d ow n t he sin k t he c o pio u s
q ua n t i t i es o f w at e r .
9. Et he r s:
Q ui t e fl am mab l e . E t hyl et her i s sli ght l y t oxi c b ut dio xan e , et hyl ene
oxi de an d t et rah y dr af ura n a re m or e s o .
10. H a lo g e na ted H yd ro ca rb o ns :
Q ui t e t oxi c w i t h c u m ulat ive e ff ect s . O ft en ca u se kidn e y an d liv e r
dama ge . T oxi ci t y i s high f or m et hyl i odi de , met h yl br omi de , 1 ,1 ,2 ,2 ,
t et rab r om o et h an e a nd 1 ,1 ,2 ,2 – t et ra chl or o et hane .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
11. H yd ra z in e:
Q ui t e t oxi c an d fl a mmabl e . Anh y dr o u s H 4 N 2 ignit e s at 23 0 C on a
s ur fac e of i r on r u st and at 2 7 0 0 C w it h b or o silicat e gla s s . U se t ray s
t o h ol d gl a ss b ot t l es of h yd ra zine . Av o id st eel t ra y s , b ut rat he r u se
p or cel ai n or PV C t ra y s . Wa sh spill s on skin w it h w at er .
12. Me rc ur y a nd d e ri va t ive s:
E xt rem el y p oi s on o u s by inha lat ion or c on t act w it h skin . S pills m ust
b e cl ean ed up b y us e of s ul ph ur d u st . U s e t ra y t o c ont ain spil ls .
13. Per ch lo ra te s:
Gr eat e st da n ger i s t hat of expl o si on , e v apo rat i on o f aci d s o lut i ons
of p er ch l orat e s or p erchl o ric aci d m u sh be pe rf or me d in a s pecial
fu me h o o d . O rg ani c perchl o rat e s in s ol ut io n o r as so lid s may
exp l od e . He av y met al pe rchl or at es ar e expl o siv e . Spill s m us t be
cl ean ed up , si n ce s oaki ng of p erc hlo rat e s ol ut io n int o w oo d ma y
ca us e s ud den fi re at a lat e r dat e .
14. Pero x id e s:
70 % H 2 O 2 ma y sp o nt ane o usl y e xpl od e . Org anic pe r oxid e s su ch
b en zo y l p er o xi d e ar e fla mma ble a s d r y s olid s an d ma y expl o de b y
sh ock . U se t ra y s f or st o rag e . Us e v ermi c ulit e or s and t o cl e an up
sp i l l s .
15. H ea vy Me ta l s
M erc ur y an d i t s c o mp o und s , ant im on y and ar seni c c o mp o und s
Ni (C O ) 4 , Si l ve r C o mp o und s , lea d c o mp o und s , an d Cr (V I ) ar e
vari o u sl y t oxi c or exp lo siv e .
16. A ni li ne
U se mi xt ur e o f san d and s od a a sh .
4.10 Leak Detection, Neutralisation and Disposal
Leak Detection Neutralisation & Disposal
CHLORINE
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
To detect the chorine leak an ammonia Emergency disposal of chlorine is done by
spray or swab is used. Chlorine gives absorbing it in the solution of caustic soda,
white dense fumes of ammonium chlorine soda ash or hydrated lime slurry. Chlorine
is greenish yellow gas with pungent and can’t be vented off as it is toxic gas.
irritating odour. Cylinder of any part of cylinder should not
be immersed in the tank holding caustic or
other solutions. Don’t use rubber hose or
polyethylene pipe connection for
neutralising chorine gas. Do not pour water
on the leak.
AMMONIA
Ammonia leak can be detected easily due As it is toxic gas it cannot be vented to
to its specific pungent odour. The exact atmosphere.
location of leak can be found out by
hydrochloric acid swab in suspected Ammonia leakage can be absorbed in
region. This will give white vapours of water in a suitably designed system, as its
ammonium chloride. solubility in water is very high. Mild steel is
Another method used in the detection of used as material of construction.
ammonia leak is by the use of sulphur
dioxide gas, which also forms white fog or
cloud in contact with ammonia.
SULPHUR DIOXIDE
Sulphur dioxide leak can be detected by Sulphur dioxide leak can be absorbed in
odour as it has characteristic odour. But caustic solution. For this purpose scrubber
the exact location of the leak can be found should be preferably fabricated of
out by ammonia vapours form a swab or polypropylene backed by FRP. Do not use
squeeze bottle. Sulphur dioxide will water on the leak.
produce dense white fumes with ammonia
vapours.
Leak may also be detected by applying
soap solution. Soap solution in case of
leakage will give bubbles.
BROMINE
Bromine spillage can be found out as it As bromine is toxic, and fuming liquid, it
has intensely irritating odour. can’t be vented to atmosphere. Water
Bromine leak can be detected by using should not be directly poured over the
ammonia swab or spray. Bromine gives spillage with mud or earth and mop up with
white dense fumes with ammonia solution. plenty of water.
Leak Detection Neutralisation & Disposal
CARBON MONOXIDE
As the gas is inflammable, flame should Leaking gas can be vented slowly to air in a
not be used to detect the leak. safe open area or should be burnt off in a
Carbon monoxide leak can be detected suitable gas burner.
with soap solution, which gives bubbles
around leaking area.
Palledour chloride paper gets darkened in
contact with carbon monoxide.
ETHYLENE OXIDE
Ethylene oxide leak can be detected by As the gas is extremely flammable, all the
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
using soap solution. Leak will produce ignition sources should be shut off. Leaking
bubble with soap solution. gas can be slowly vented off in a safe and
open area. Put water spray to cool down, if
necessary. The gas can be burnt off in a
suitably designed burner.
BUTADIENE
Butadiene leak can be detected by its mild Leaking gas should be slowly vented off to
aromatic odour. air in a safe open area or can be burnt off
Butadiene leak can also be detected by in a suitable burnet. Put water spray for
using soap solution, which will produce cooling, if necessary.
bubbles.
BENZENE
As benzene is flammable gas, flame As the gas is highly inflammable, shut off
should not be used to detect the leak. all the sources of ignition. Apply non-
Leak will produce bubbles with soap flammable dispersing agent. Run the
solution. waste diluting greatly with running water.
Due to non-availability of dispersant, this
can be absorbed on sand. Site of spillage
should be thoroughly washed with water
and soap or detergent.
VINYL CHLORIDE
Vinyl chloride leak can be detected due to Leaking gas can be vented slowly to air in
its characteristic odour. a safe open area or gas should be burnt off
Leak can also be detected with soap in a suitable burner.
solution, which will produce bubbles.
ETHYL ALCOHOL
Ethyl alcohol leak can be detected by its Shut off all possible sources of ignition.
characteristic smell. Mop up with plenty of water and run to
waste diluting greatly with running water.
Ventilate area well to evaporate remaining
liquid and dispel vapours.
CAUSTIC SODA
Detect the leak of caustic soda with wet Caustic soda should be scrubbed in water
litmus paper; caustic will change the colour scrubber made of MS or neutralize it with
of the paper from red to blue. dilute HCl acid.
SULPHURIC ACID
Detect the leakage of oleum with its sharp Sulphuric acid should be scrubbed in lime
penetrating odour. Leakage can also be or caustic or water scrubber made up of
detected by using wet blue litmus which MSRL or PVC/FRP. Do not put water
when coming in contact turns red. directly on the leak. Content the leak by
mixing it with earth/sand and lime sludge
slowly. Neutralise by pouring water and
dilute alkali.
Leak Detection Neutralisation & Disposal
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Hydrochloric acid should be scrubbed in
Detect the leak with its sharp pungent
lime or caustic or water scrubber made of
odour.
MSRL. Do not put water directly on the
Leak can also be detected by using wet
leak. Content the leak by mixing it with
litmus paper. Hydrochloric acid will
earth/sand and lime sludge. Slowly
change the colour of the paper from blue
neutralize by pouring water and dilute
to red.
alkali.
NITRIC ACID
Detect the leak of nitric acid with wet litmus Nitric acid should be scrubbed in lime or
paper. Nitric acid will change the colour of caustic or water scrubber made of MS or
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
the paper from blue to red. SS. Do not put water on the leak. Content
the leakage by mixing it with earth/sand
and lime sludge. Slowly neutralize by
pouring water or dilute alkali.
PHOSPHORIC ACID
Detect the leak of phosphoric acid with wet Spread soda ash liberally over the spillage
litmus paper, which will change the colour and mop up cautiously with plenty of
of litmus paper from blue to red. water. Dilute the waste greatly with
running water.
CHAPTER – 5
EMERGENCY INSTRUCTION TO GENERAL PUBLIC
3.1 THE NOTIFICATION OF EMERGENCY
The emergency can be declared by following medium to
alert or alarm the public ;
1. Public address system
2. Blow horns/ Bells
3. Sirens / Hooters
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
4. Telephone message / Fax Messages / Hot lines/ Pager /
E-Mails / Mobile Phon e / Satellite systems
5. Sending messages through a messenger
6. Rushing personally to the Central Control Room or to the
nearest Police Department or Fire Departm ent
7. Raising of Flag for denoting the level of natural
calamities
8. Ham Radio
9. VHF link
3.2 CATEGORY OF ALARM SYSTEMS
The following alarm system may be considered which will
identify the various level of emergency.
3.2.1 First Level Warning (FIRE ALARM)
For an accident / incident within the unit
Hooter / Siren –Short, intermittent
3.2.2 Second Level Warning
When the Dis trict Authority receives information that a
toxic or flammable gas has leaked then the siren has to
be sounded in order to facilitate early evacuations from
the unit.
Siren – A wailing short and long intermittent siren
notification of emergency
3.2.3 Third Level Warning (All Clear)
When the dis tric t Authority considers that the accident
/ incident is over, emergency is withdrawing and it is
safe for re-entry.
Siren – A wailing, long and continues, intermittent
siren
3.3 GENERAL INSTRUCTION TO THE PUBLIC
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
1. A ma jo r em er gen c y ma y a ff ect area s o ut si de t he w o rk s . T he
s urr o u n di n g p ub l i c w ill be alert e d w it h publi c ad dre s s s y st em b y
P ol i ce or G o ver n m e nt Aut h orit i es or n e arb y ind u st rial c onc ern s .
Th e si r en / h oot er w ill blow t o in dicat e a risi ng t h e em er genc y
si t u at i on .
I t w i l l b e i n di cat ed w hich t ype o f em erg enc y a ris ed , St a rt t he
Ra di o / TV f or f u rt he r inst r uct i on & act a cco rdin gl y . S o t hat publi c
w i l l t ake p r o mp t ac t ion t o pr ot e ct t he m - s elf o r r ush t o t h e s af e
sh el t e r as i n st r u ct ed by t he a ut ho rit y .
2. Fi r st of al l t o a sc er t ai n w hich t ype of e me rgen c y a ri sed :
1. Fi r e
2. E xp l o si on
3. Ga s L eaka ge / Rel ea se
4. C ol l ap s e of B uil ding , B ur st ing o f V e s sel et c .
5. Nat ura l Cal amit ie s
3. I f Ga s L eak age em erg enc y a ri sed , a sc ert ain pr o babilit y of gas
w h et h er fl am mab l e , t oxic o r p ois on o u s . The f oll ow ing a ct ion s ar e
s ug ge st ed a s p er pr e vailing sit uat i on :
1. Fl a m m ab l e G as :
a . B e c al m , d on ‟t g et p anick y .
b . Do n ot l i gh t B idi / Ci gar et t e / Light e r et c .
c . Sh ut d ow n o pen fla me , ga s , e lect ri cal in st r um ent s .
d . Do n ot m o ve an y ve hicle i n t he ar ea .
e . Do n ot g o nea r t he i ncide nt & d on‟t all o w any ot her s .
f. Sh ut d ow n t he w ind ow s , d o or s et c & se at open gr o un d o r
t errac e .
2. Tox i c o r P oi s o no us G a s :
a . C o ver y o u r n o se w it h w et hand k erc hie f / cl ot h an d br eat h
t h ro ug h i t .
b . C om e o ut in o pen , chec k t he w in d di rect i on a nd m ov e
aw ay q ui ckl y in pe r pendi c ular di rect i on of w ind . ( c r os s
w i n d di r ect i on )
c . C om e o ut in o pen , chec k t he w in d di rect i on a nd m ov e
aw ay q ui ckl y in pe r pendi c ular di rect i on of w ind . ( c r os s
w i n d di r ect i on )
d . I mmedi at el y g o & t r y t o g et t o a higher ele vat ion , i f ga s is
h eavi er t h an air (like chl orin e , a s it set t le in l ow l ying ar ea ).
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
e . F ol l ow t h e in st r uct io n and re ach sa fe sh elt er a s i nst r u ct e d
n ot i fi ed b y G o ver nm ent Aut h o rit y or P ubli c a ut h orit y .
4. G en e ral I n st r u ct i on :
1. Do n ot g et p anic k y , be c alm .
2. Do n ot ap p r oach t he sit e o f i ncid ent a s a spe ct at or .
3. Do n ot a p p r oa ch unn ec es sa ril y for i nf orm at ion or more
en q ui ri es .
4. Do n ot al l ow unn ece ss aril y cr ow d nea rb y incide nt plac e .
5. Do n ot b el i ev e i n r u mo rs unn ece s sa ril y .
6. Li st en radi o , T .V . or P ublic Ad dr es sin g S y st em .
7. E mer gen c y w ill be com m unic at ed by p ublic a ddr e ssin g
s yst e m /TV / Ra dio o r sir en (S ir en - c o de w ailing s o un d f or on e
mi n ut e ) .
8. F ol l ow t h e i n st r uct i on & c o nv e y t o ot her s acc or dingl y .
9. On an n o un c em ent o f w it hdraw al of e me rgen c y o r cl ear anc e
Si r en , st a rt y o ur r o ut ine w ork .
10 . On en q ui r y , d ep o s it y o ur st at em ent as re qui re d by a ut h orit y a t
t h e t i me of i n v est ig a t ing t he in cid ent .
11 . C o- op erat e , H elp an d As si st t he p er s on (s ) / a ut ho rit y han dling
t h e e me rge n c y and r esc u e op er at ion .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
CHAPTER – 6
REHERSAL / EXERCISE / MOCK DRILL
6.1 SUBJECT
Exercise / Rehearsal / Simulation on On -Site / Off-Site
Emergency Plan, Considering any one of the event related
with hazardous chemical which may create maximum
credible scenario.
6.2 AIM
I t is necessary that all aspect of emergency plan is tested,
often to ensure that they carry out their responsibility &
function as specified and in particular to:
6.2.1 Tes t the response from workers, emergency services,
and other responsible persons.
6.2.2 Tes t and evaluate the interaction of various agencies
/ authorities involved and ensure that all components
are properly coordinated.
6.2.3 Evaluate the available resources, equipments, its
effectiveness, accuracy etc.
6.2.4 Gain experience to create the confidence to handle
& control the emergency amongst the participating
persons/ workers.
6.3 AUTHORITY OF EXERCISE / REHEARSAL
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
The Director / Occupier is required to assume responsibilities
& make decisions as seen to be legitimate.
6.4 TABLE DISCUSSION
The firs t part of exercise is „Table Top‟ exercise to test that
emergency plan do not interrupt the day -to-day running of
their concerns. This will identify the difficulties involved and
practical approaches. The scenarios will be decided and
consideration shall be given to live prac tical involving all
concerned at suitable intervals , in addition to those of a
theoretical nature.
6.5 BLUE PRINT
A blue print is prepared as guideline to act, accordingly in a
selected scenario. The details, maps, affected areas, role &
responsibility will be specific and information will be supplied
to all concerned persons. The scenario will be explained by
co-ordinator. The On Site Emergency Plan will be helpful.
6.6 CODE-NAME FOR REHEARSAL
The code name shall be give to identify the case of rehearsal
not real incident. So that, on getting message there will be
no panicky amongst the operative person. I f real emergenc y
arised, than there will be no code -name. Further, the code
name will be announced to conveying the message to
authority, operative persons, etc.
6.7 NATURE
Origin, Date & time, location and Durati on of exercise etc.
will be pre-decided in particular manner.
6.8 AFFECTED AREA
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
I t is the indication of the spread of disaster. This will be
reflected in Blue print & give details of original place, units ,
surrounding identities, villages, roads, locations e tc.
6.9 EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTER
An Emergency Control Center will be es tablished for exercise
purpose where communication & other activities can be
performed. The control center will have emergency facilities.
The required documents like On -Site Emergency Plan, Details
on wether conditions, list of persons to participate,
Emergency scenario, maps, affected areas, emergency
telephone numbers, list of hospitals, list of emergency vehicle
& equipment will be kept ready. An experienced & expert
person will be posted in Control Room.
6.10 PREPARATION STAGE
The responsibilities & duties will be allotted to each group,
services and involving all personnel. Educative meeting will
be arranged to explain the role of each participant. Blue
print, scenarios and arrangements wil l be discussed at large.
Charts, maps, Posters, Banners etc. will be prepared for good
performance.
6.11 SEQUENTIAL ACTIONS
The whole exercise /rehearsal will be arranged in sequential
actions as per on -site emergency plan. Thus rehearsal will be
conducted, as actual performance.
6.12 OBSERVATIONS
The outsiders / third party will perform the role of observers
and they will submit their reports on various site - observations
with shortcomings & good features.
6.13 DE-BRIEF MEETING
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
On completion of exercise, a de -brief m eeting will convene
to discuss the conducted exercise, give views on
performance of each areas; explain difficul ties, resources ,
limitation, planning etc. All these observations, with
corrective steps will be noted & reports will be prepared.
6.14 PHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEO & PRESS COVERAGE
Photography, videography will be carried out for the work
performed. The reports of such exercise will be sent to press
for coverage. Leaflets and Pamphlets will be issued to the
public to educate them for the emergency.
6.15 FORMAT FOR REHEARSAL / EXERCISE / MOCK DRILL
A format for rehearsal / exercise / mock drill is given in
Annexure - 13.
CHAPTER – 7
ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIE S
7.1 EMERGENCY SERVICES & RELATED PARTICIPANTS
Du ri n g e me rg en c y v ari o us d epa rt ment s , go ve rnm ent & p rivat e ha ve t o
t ake p art t o mi t i g at e s uch em erg enc y . T he d ut ie s & r esp on si bilit y ha v e
t o p erf o rm b y t h e f ol l ow ing a ut ho rit ie s fr o m t he Di st rict Cri si s G ro up .
(1 ) Ch ai r Pe r so n : Di st ric t M agist r at e & C olle ct or
(2 ) M emb er S ecr et ar y : Dy . Di re ct or of I ndu s t rial S af et y & Healt h (i .e .
Fact or y I n sp e ct or )
(3 ) Di st ri ct De vel op ment O ffic er
(4 ) Fi r e Se rvi ce s (F i r e C o mman dant )
(5 ) P ol i ce & E va c uat io n Au t h orit y
(6 ) Heal t h & M e di cal D e part me nt (He alt h & M edical C om man da nt )
(7 ) G uj arat P ol l ut i on C o nt rol B oar d
(8 ) E xp ert P er s on (P an el of E xp ert Pe rs o n )
(9 ) L ocal New s P ap e r (R epr es ent at ive )
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
(1 0 ) V ol un t ee r Or gan i sat i on (N o n - G ov ern ment O ffic er )
7.2 ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES
Th e p r e sen t p l an d o cu ment i dent i fie s t h e r ol es an d r e sp on si bilit ies o f
t h e o rg an i z at i on s , i n ke y i de nt ifie d se ct or s . T ask f or ce s h ave be en
con st i t ut e d f or t aki n g re sp on se m ea s ur es in sp eci fic s ect o rs . Act i on
pl an h as b een p r ep are d f or ea ch t ask fo rce w hich c ov er s t heir r ole s &
re sp on si b i l i t i e s i n de vel op ment of inci de nt / eme rg enc y . I t is expe ct ed
t h at each t as kf or ce sh all de vel op t h e s t andar d o pe rat ing p ro ced u re s
fo r s p eci fi c di sa st e rs / e me rge nc y . I n ad d it ion , di st rict t o en s ur e t hat all
t h e me mb e r s acq ui r e kn ow led ge a nd s kills t o per f or m t heir as sign ed
rol e s t h r o ug h r eg ul ar re fr es her t rainin g s .
7.2.1 Chair Person (District Collector)
B ei n g Ch ai r P er s on o f Di st rict Cri si s G ro u p , h e w ill be in o ve r all
co mma n d & c ont r ol of e mer gen c y act ion s to c ont r ol t he
i n d ust ri al e me rge n cy ef fe ct ivel y f or t he Di st rict ind u st rial
p oc ket s . Th e Ch ai r p er so n ha s t o pe rf or m t he r ol e as f oll ow s :
A). Pr ep ar at i on o r upd at ion of o ff - sit e em erg enc y plan f o r
Di st ri ct i n d u st rial p o c ket s .
B). T o en s u re t o able t o p er f or m t he r ole of ea ch in v olv ed
eme rg en c y s er vic e e ffe ct ivel y .
C). T o act i v at e an d mai nt ain t he C ent ral C o nt rol R o om r o und
t h e cl o ck . T o p ro vid e e ss ent ial f acilit ie s w it h t he Cent r al
C on t r ol R o o m .
D). T o acc e ss em er gen cy sit uat ion and h a ve t o de clar e t he
i n d ust ri al em er gen c y , c all and dire ct t he eme rg enc y
se rvi c e s t o r esp o nd t he in d ust ri al e me rg e ncy b y p r ovi ding
rei n fo rc em ent and s upp o rt b y p o oling t h e r es o u rce s fr om
t h e Di st ri ct in d ust rial poc ket s .
E). Th e ar ran ge ment fo r r esc u e , e vac uat i o n , s helt e r , f o od ,
w at er , cl ot hing , an d t ran sp ort at io n t o aff ect e d ar ea ,
an n o u n ce me nt t o t h e p ubli c .
F). T o ke ep i n f or m t o t he high er a ut ho rit y t ime t o t im e . T o
decl a re t he w it hd ra w al o r t er minat i on o f em er gen c y .
G). Re h ab i l i t at io n , r est or at ion , clea nit y et c on p ost -
eme rg en c y act i ons .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
H). T o s ub mi t t he rep ort s on ind u st rial em er g enc y . T o co nd uct
t h e m eet i ng s .
I ). To c on d uct t he mo ck drill / ex er c ise on in d ust ri al
eme rg en c y .
7.2.2 Member Secretary (Dy. Director Industrial Health &
Safety (i.e. Factory Inspector)
He h as t o p er f or m t he f oll ow in g r ol e a s M emb er Sec ret ar y of
Di st ri ct C ri si s Gr o up .
A). T o p r ep ar e o r updat e t he o ff - sit e e mer g enc y plan f o r lo cal
i n d ust ri al p ocket . T he O ff - sit e e me rg e ncy pl an s h o uld
do vet ai l w it h t he on - sit e em er gen c y pla n as pr epar ed b y
t h e maj o r ac cid ent haza rd o u s unit s in t he l ocal i nd u st ria l
p oc ket s .
B). To arr an g e t he meet ing s of Dist ri ct Cri sis Gr o up in
con s ul t at i o n w it h Ch airp er s on . To fe ed t ech nical &
ch emi cal dat a & inf or mat i on in re sp ect of ind u st rial unit s ,
si t u at ed i n L ocal in du st rial p o cket s . T o pro vid e t echni cal
i n p ut s t o e ns u re sa f et y , healt h & en vir o nment of w ork er s ,
p ro p e rt i es an d p op ul at ion i n vi cinit y .
C). T o advi ce & g ui de t he pr ope r & ef fect i v e handlin g act ion s
as r eq ui r ed by e mer gen c y s er vice s du ring in d ust rial
eme rg en c y / plan . T o help t o c on d uct t he mo ck drill s , p o st
eme rg en c y inq uir y e t c.
7.2.3 District Development Officer
B ei n g a r e sp on sible per so n o f T al uka / Dist rict t he f oll ow ing
act i on s ar e to be give n pri me im p ort an ce for ind u st r ial
eme rg en c y p urp o se .
A). E n s ur e t h e di ff er en t aut h orit ie s , ag en cies , o rgani zat i on
p er s on s , as spe cif ied t hei r r ol e , sh o uld part icip at e
i mm edi at el y d uri ng i nd ust ri al e me rg enc y in Di st rict P oc ket
area .
B). T o a dvi ce & g uida nc e t o t he Dist ri ct Cri si s G r o up .
C). T o p art i ci p at e m eet i ng , m o ck dril l & t rain ing .
D). T o p r ep a re ow n det ailed act io n plan t o ens u re ef fe ct ive
con t r ol on in d ust ri al eme rg enc y .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
E). Li ai s on & c o - o rdi nat ion w it h Chair P er s o n , Cent r al C ont r ol
R o om , e me rg enc y s ervi ce s , org ani zat ion , ag enci e s , p er s on
et c .
F). Ot h er d ut i e s as s peci fied b y Di st rict Cri si s Gr o up .
7.2.4 Fire Services (Fire Commandant)
M o st p rob ab l y , t he fir st info rm at ion r eg ardin g an y incid enc e /
ev en t / fi re / ga s l e akag e is rec eiv ed b y t he fire s erv ice s . T hu s
fi re se rvi c e s b eing fir st info rma nt has t o pla y t he maj o r r ole
du ri n g t h e i n d u st rial eme rg enc y .
A). I n sp ect i o n , S u rv e y & a ss e ss t h e sit u at ion w h ere inci dent
occ u r & gi ve t he re p ort .
B). T o d eci de t h e pr op er & e ff ect iv e act i o ns a nd i mm ediat e
re sp on se act io ns to c ont r ol t he ind u st rial em er gen c y ,
un der i n t i mat i on t o C ent ral C o nt rol R o o m or Chai r Pe rs on .
C). Pr op er t rainin g t o fight agai nst ind u st rial ha zar ds and
kn ow l e dg e on ide nt if icat ion of s uc h ha za r ds .
D). Re sc u e , E v ac uat i o n , Re m ov e of d ebri s , an d ot he r
eme rg en c y w o rk a s dire ct ed o r in st r uct e d .
E). To mai n t ain t he pro pe r and ad eq u at e fir e f i gh t ing ,
eq ui p m en t s , ne ut rali zing me dia , sel f - br e at hing appa rat u s ,
eme rg en c y eq ui pm ent s , pe rs o nnel pr ot ect ive eq ui pm ent s
w i t h keep i n g in w o rki ng or de r .
F). Th e k n ow l edg e & info rm at ion on diff er ent t yp e of
al t ern at i v e r es o u rc es , va ri o us t yp es o f e xt ing uishi ng m e dia ,
n e ut ral i zi n g me dia , chemi cal p r ope rt ies and t hei r ha za rd s
w i t h saf e h andlin g p r oc ed ur e .
G). T o p art i ci pat e t he meet in gs M ock D rill / Re hea rs al &
t rai n i n g .
H). Li ai s on w i t h C ent ral C o nt rol R o om and ot h er em er gen c y
se rvi c e s .
I ). T o p re p ar e t heir ow n det ails a ct ion pla n & t o ens u re t he
p ro vi si on s t o han dle t he ind u st rial e me rg enc y .
J). Ot h er d ut i e s as r eq ui red d u ring act ual e mer gen c y .
7.2.5 Police & Evacuation Authority
Th e an ot h e r a ut ho rit y w h o get s t he fi rst i nf orm at ion on in cid ent
/ ac ci d en t i s p oli ce depa rt me nt . T he f oll ow ing a ct ion s a re t o be
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
carri ed o ut b y p ol ice d epa rt ment f o r ind ust ri al e me rge n cy
p u rp os e .
A). T o a cce s s t he s it uat i on and r ep ort i mm e diat el y .
B). To mai n t ain the law and o rd er d u r ing t he ind u st rial
eme rg en c y t o c ont r ol t he t ra ffi c an d c o nt rol t he af fect e d
area .
C). T o p r ot ect t he lif e o f pe opl e , insi de , o ut si de as w ell as r oa d
mo ve r s .
D). T o p r ot ect t he pro pe rt y & en vir o nment & p u blic
an n o u n ce me nt .
E). E vac uat i on , re habili t at ion , shelt e r & t r ansp o rt at ion w ork
du ri n g t h e i nd u st rial eme rg enc y a s p er pr evailin g sit uat io n .
F). Hel p & a s sist to make ar ea clea n , re m ovin g of an y
st r uct u re an d ot her simil ar w ork a s r eq ui red d u ring act ual
eme rg en c y .
G). T o p art i ci pat e t he meet in gs & M ock D rill / R ehe ar sal &
Tra i n i n g .
H). Li ai s on w i t h C ent ral C o nt rol R o om and ot h er em er gen c y
se rvi c e s / or gani zat i on / ag enci es .
I ). T o p re p ar e t heir ow n det ails a ct ion pla n & t o ens u re t he
p ro vi si on s t o han dle t he ind u st rial e me rg enc y .
J). Ot h er d ut i e s as r eq ui red d u ring act ual e mer gen c y .
7.2.6 Health & Medical Commandant
Th e h eal t h an d me di cal se rvi ce s hav e t o play vit al r ole f oll ow i ng
t h e em erg en c y . On e f old i s pr op er & t i mel y t re at ment s t o t he
vi ct i m s i n j ur ed or a ff ect ed p er s on s . Ot he r f old i s t o s af e g ua rd
t h e p ub l i c h e al t h .
Th e f ol l ow i n g a ct io ns a re s ug ge st ed f or healt h & m edic al
se rvi c e s .
A). T o en s ure t he ar ra nge ment & p rep ar e dn e ss f o r sp ecial
medi cal t reat ment ant idot e s an d t rain ed d oct or Para -
medi cal st a ff as sp ecifi ed in t oxi col o g y at t he t ime of
i n d ust ri al e me rg enc y in l ocal p ock et a rea .
B). On d ecl ar at ion of e mer gen c y o r on rec eivin g t he me s sag e
or i n f o rmat i on , pr o m pt medi cal fa cilit ie s sh o uld be s et up
e .g . fi rst ai d p ost , c as ualt y r ecei vin g ce nt er/ cam p , a s p er
gra vi t y of sit uat i on at sit e. Si mila rl y , arrang em ent f or
eme rg en c y ope rat i o n or sp ecia l t reat m ent on che mical
51
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
b u rn , i n j ur y , ga s i nhalat io n et c . w it h nece s sar y be ds
arran ge me nt , w hich w ill serve t he pu rp os e of Bas e
Ho sp i t al .
C). I den t i fi cat i o n of dea d b odi es an d p ost m o rt em
arran ge me nt .
D). T o mai n t ai n u p t o - d at e list w it h t elepho ne n os . o f s er vic es
of d oct o r s , h o spit al s , a mb ula nce , pri m ar y he alt h cent e r ,
Par a - m edi c al st aff , ve hi cle to m eet t he em erg enc y
si t u at i on .
E). Ar r an ge ment t o in f o rm t he up t o - dat e st at u s t ime t o t ime
t o Ce n t ral C ont r ol R o om , Ch air P er s on , R elat ive s o f in j ur ed
or ad mi t t ed pat ient s , e me rg enc y s er vice s et c .
F). Ar r an ge ment t o sa f e g ua rd t he p u blic healt h in ca s e of
dev el op ment of e pi demi c sit uat i on & a nno un ce men t on
saf et y me as u re t o be t aken b y p u bli c at t he t ime o f
i n d ust ri al e me rg enc y sit uat io n .
G). T o advi ce & g ui de t he Dist rict C risi s Gr o up in re sp ect of
medi cal & h ealt h p a rt t ime t o t im e .
H). Pr ovi si on f or p r ope r and a d eq uat e m e dicine s , l if e sa vin g
dr ug s , eq uipm ent s , ant idot e s et c . r el at ed to ind u st rial
eme rg en c y .
I ). To p art i ci p at e me et ings , m ock d rill s / exa mine a nd
t rai n i n g .
J). To p re p ar e ow n d et ailed a ct ion pla n to ens u re t he
eff ect i v e h andlin g o f ind u st rial em er gen c y .
K). Li ai s on w it h Cent ral C ont r ol R o om , Chai r P er s on ,
E mer gen c y S ervi ce s or gani zat i on , ag enc y and ot her
rel at e d p er s on .
L). Ot h er d ut i e s as r eq ui red d u ring act ual e mer gen c y .
7.2.7 Gujarat Pollution Control Board
Th e a ut h o ri t y or of fi cer f r om G uj arat P o llut i on Co nt rol B o ar d is
t h e me mb e r of Dist r ict Cri si s Gr o up . T he foll ow in g act i ons a re
req ui r ed b y h i m :
A). T o p art i ci pat e me et ings , m ock d rills / exe rci se s and
t rai n i n g .
B). To p re p ar e ow n d et ailed a ct ion pla n to ens u re t he
eff ect i v e c ont r ol o f ind ust ri al e me rg en cy & s ubs eq u ent
act i on .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
C). Li ai s on w it h Cent ral C ont r ol R o om , Chai r P er s on ,
E mer gen c y S er vice s , O rga niz at ion a genci e s & ot her
rel at e d p er s on s .
D). Ad v i c e & g uida nce t o t he Dist ri ct C ri sis G ro up in r es pect of
en vi r on m ent pr ot e ct ion i n t he ind u st rial p ock et .
E). T o p r o vi d e t he t ech nical i np ut re gar din g en vir on ment an d
eval u at e t he co nt aminat i on or ad ve rs e e ff ect d u ring
i n d ust ri al e me rg enc y .
F). T o p r o vi d e t he det ails & inf o rmat i on o n de vel op me nt o f
eme rg en c y sit uat i on rega rdin g in sa fe le vel t o t he lif e and
s ug ge st ar ea t o be e vac uat e d a nd ot h er saf et y m ea s ur es .
G). T o s ug ge st t he saf e lev el fo r re st o rat i on & rest art ing of w o rk
on t ermi n at io n of e m erg enc y .
H). C o- or di n at i on w it h eme rg enc y s er vic es & expert pe rs on s
et c .
Ot h er d ut i es o r w ork as di rect e d b y Di st ri ct Cri si s G r o up or Ch air
p er s on .
7.2.8 Expert Persons
Th e ch e mi cal man u f act ur ing a ct ivit ie s al ongw it h la rge st ora ge
of vari o u s ch e mical s are d a y - t o- da y in crea sin g . The ch emi cal
eme rg en c y o ft en give s ve r y s ho rt t ime to r esp on d t h eir
con t ai n men t . Th er e fo re it req ui re s sp ecial t reat ment w it h
sp e ci fi c k n o w l edg e of h az ard s an d t heir c on seq u enc e s . T his
n ee ds c h e mi cal & t e chnical exp ert is e in handlin g o f la rg e - sc ale
t oxi c an d h az ard o u s em er gen c y . T he y w ill pro vid e car ef u l
eva c uat i on of e m erg enc y an d a dvi s e p ro mpt re sp ondi ng
act i on s t o c on t r ol t h e e me rg enc y .
Si n c e t h e e ve r y in d u st r y i s exp o se d t o t h reat o f di sa st er ha vi ng
vari o u s ch e mi cal s being st or ed , h and led o r pr oce s se d . The
p l an n e d re sp on din g re s o urc e s w ill help to al ert s uch
eme rg en c y . Th e ex pert per s on ca n ad vis e on t hi s mat t er fo r
mai n t ai n i n g t yp e of n e ut rali zing a g ent s or c ont ain m ent
mea s ur e s a gai n st ch emic al e me rg enc y .
Th e l i st o f ch emic al expe rt ma y be p re pare d w it h t heir na me ,
or gan i zat i on , t el ep hon e n umb er s , r e sid ent add re s s a nd
exp ert i s e i n ch e mic al et c . Th e li st of e xpert p er s on i s giv e n in
An n e x u re – 6 .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
7.2.9 Press Reporter of Local News Paper
Th e p r o p er an d c o rr ect new s sh o uld be reac h t o t he p ublic t o
av oi d r um or and p anick y . Th e r ol e of pre ss & p ubli cit y i s t o
creat e aw ar en e s s a nd pr epa red ne s s a mo ng st t he p ublic fo r
i n d ust ri al e me rg enc y bec a us e o f w ide & f ast spr ea ding ne w s .
Th e E di t or sh o uld h ave t h e ad eq uat e know le dg e of in d u st rial
eme rg en c y s o h e ca n j ust ifi ed t h e m at t er and pr op er g uidan c e
an d ad vi c e on r eq u ired saf e r esc u e act ion d u ring e me rg en cy
can b e r eac h ed t o t he p ublic i n t im e . T his i s in t he int e re st of
p ub l i c t o saf e g uar d t hems elv e s at l arg e .
A). T o p art i ci p at e m eet i ng , m ock dril l / exe r cise s and t rainin g .
B). T o a s si st t h e p ubli c in c as e o f r es c ue ope rat i on an d
eva c uat i on w o rk d uri ng e me rg enc y .
C). T o p r ovi de im me di at e , c orr ect , ad eq uat e , reli ab le an d
aut h e n t i c n ew s .
D). Li ai s on & c o - o rdi nat ion w it h Chair P er s o n , Cent r al C ont r ol
R o om an d e me rg enc y s er vice s .
E). E n s ur e t o sa fe g ua r d t he p ubli c at lar ge d u ring act ual
eme rg en c y by pr ovi ding c o rre ct reliable a ut h ent ic
gui del i n e and new s .
7.2.10 Volunteer Organizations (N.G.O.)
Th e v ol un t e er o rga nizat i on / s er vic es can pla y vit al r ol e t o
con vi n c e t h e p er s on / p ublic t o e vac u at e t he r esi den ce / pl ace
an d t o sh i ft t o sa fe shelt e r t im el y d uri ng Ch emi cal e me rg en cy .
Ot h erw i se i t ma y re s ult m or e se ri o us e ff e ct . T o sa ve t h e lif e of
p ub l i c i s m or e imp ort ant f act o r , w hic h w ill be s uc ce s sf u ll y
carri ed o ut b y t he v ol unt e er o rga niz at io n .
Th e l i st of s uch o rgani zat i on w it h addr es s , t eleph on e no .
or gan i zat i on et c w ill be p rep ar ed and up - dat ed t ime t o t i me .
Th e l i st o f V ol un t a r y Or gani zat i ons is gi ve n at Ann ex ur e - 8 .
7.2.11 Other Members of District Crisis Group
Th e ot h e r m emb er s like co nt roll er o f expl o siv es , t rad e u nion
rep r e sen t at i v e , agri c ult ure de part m ent , t ran sp ort c om mi ssi on er ,
exp ert p e r so n s , r ep re sent at iv e fr om in du st ri es et c . ha ve to
54
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
p er fo rm t h e va ri o us dut ie s . H ow ev er , t he f oll ow ing a re t he
s ug ge st ed d ut i e s a s r eq uir ed d urin g t he e mer gen c y :
A). T o p art i ci p at e m eet i ng , m ock dril l / exe r cise an d t rai ning .
B). T o a ssi st t he p ubli c in pr ope r w a y in ca se o f r esc u e an d
eva c uat i on d u ring a ct ual e mer gen c y .
C). T o advi ce an d g uida nce t o t he Dist ri ct crisis g r o up & C hair
p er s on .
D). T o ar ran g e an d hel p t he s upp ort in g ac t ions a nd d ut ie s in
re sp e ct o f in d u st rial eme rg enc y
E). To p ro vi d e m ore and a deq u at e r e s o ur ce s & va ri o us
req ui r em ent to t ackle t he in d us t rial em er gen c y
i mm edi at el y .
F). Li ai s on & c o - or dina t ion w it h Cent r al C ont r ol R o om an d
eme rg en c y s er vic es .
7.2.12 Safe Shelters
I t i s p re - dec i de d s helt er / plac e w h e re af fect e d p er s on s o r
eva c uat ed p er s on s du ring e mer ge nc y c an be as se mbl ed sa f el y .
Th e a rr an g em ent is t emp or ar y up t o t he eme rg enc y p eri od a nd
i t can b e ext en de d f o r f urt he r p eri o d , i f req ui re d d u e t o
s ub seq u en t d ev el op ment .
I t h as s u ffi ci en t s pac e t o acc o mm od at e t he n umb er o f p er s o ns
aff ect e d or eva c u at ed d u ring t he e mer gen c y . It is ea sil y
acce s si b l e an d aw ay f r om t he g as - di spe rsi o n are a o r n on -
ap p r oac h ab l e b y le aking / sp re adin g of t oxic o r p oi s on o u s g as .
S om e t i m es e rect i on of t e mp or ar y t ent s ma y s er ved t he
p u rp os e . Th e p ri orit y s h o uld be giv en fir st t o t he v ulne ra ble
p e op l e (i .e . si ck , w eak , old , chi ld , pr e gnant w om en ) f r om t he
aff ect e d o r e vac u at ed p er s on . Th e nec e ss ar y fir st aid t re at m ent
sh o ul d b e gi v en or can b e sent t o t he h o spit al f o r f u rt he r
t reat men t . Th e shift i ng w or k o f s uch p e opl e w o ul d be c arri ed
o ut b y P ol i ce dep art ment & fir e se rv ices w i t h t he help of
Re gi on al Tr an s p ort Depa rt ment , G u j arat St at e Tr an sp ort
aut h ori t y , w el f ar e of fic er s , s o cial w or ker s , M aml at dar , N on -
go ve rn m en t of fi c er s , v ol unt e ere d o rgani z at ion et c .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
I f sh el t e r p e ri od i s ext end ed m or e t ha n , t he a rra nge me nt t o
p ro vi d e t h e w at er , f o od , cl ot he s , light er et c . sh o ul d be ma de
acc or di n g t o de vel o pment o f em erg enc y .
Th e sh el t er p l ac e ca n be sel ect e d fr om t he bui ldin gs of sch o ol ,
col l eg es , c o mm unit y hall , cl ub s , p ublic b uildi ng s , w adie s , so c ial
& ch a ri t ab l e t r ust havin g ca pacit y t o acc o mm od at e h u g e
n u mb e r o f p er s ons .
Th e l i st o f sa fe shelt er plac es m ust be k ept rea d y & u p - dat ed
t i me t o t i m e , p ro vidi ng det ail s on pl ace , add re ss , t ele ph one no .
con t act p e r so n id ent ificat i on if an y and no. of p er s on s
acc om m odat e d .
7.2.13 Central Control Room
Th e ex ec ut i v e c o mm it t ee w ill go ve rn t he C ent ral C ont r ol R o o m .
Th e ai d & a ssi st anc e w ill be pr ovi de d b y ind ust ri al unit s sit u at ed
i n Di st ri ct i n d u st rial poc ket s as f ram ed by Di st rict Cri si s Gr o up .
Th e s ugg e st ed s et up f or Cent r al C ont r ol R o om is gi ven bel ow :
7.2.13.1 Functions :
Th e C ent ral C ont r ol R o om w ill pr o vid e t he inf rast r u ct u re
t o re sp on d t he ind u s t rial em erg enc y . I t is t he co mma nd
& C on t r ol C ent er f o r E mer gen c y :
1. T o c ollect t he dat a , info rm at ion , det ail s and M SD S
of che mica ls fr o m e ach unit an d mai nt ain up - t o-
dat e . I t w ill w ork as dat a lib rar y .
2. T o ke ep t he r ec o rd s of pla ns , ma ps , e mer gen c y
se rvic e s , t ele ph one no s . li st of exp er t pers on s ,
h o spit als , di sp en sar y , d oct or s , me dical t reat men t
s yst e m s , r e so u rc e s , s uppli er s , e mer gen c y
eq uipm ent s an d fi g ht fight in g det ail s , ant idot e s
et c . in re sp ect of in d ust ri al eme rg enc y
req uir em ent s .
3. To m aint ain liai s o n w ork w it h all eme rg enc y
se rvic e s , G o vt . a u t horit ie s in d ust ri e s , v ol unt ee r
or gani zat i ons , age n cies , s uppli er s , r es o ur ce s a nd
ot h e rs pe rt aining t o eme rg enc y act ivi t ie s .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
4. Ar r an ging t rainin g pro gr am me s & e d u cat ion f or
eme rg enc y pre par edn es s a m ong st ind ust ri es ,
w ork er s , mana ge me nt , s upe rvi s or s an d publi c in
vi cinit y .
5. T o m aint ain ar ran ge ment f o r pr o vidin g in fo rm at ion ,
medi a c o mm uni cat ion and p ublic i nf or mat ion i n
t i me .
6. It is t he cent er to pr ovid e t he o perat i onal
req uir em ent w it h c o - or dinat e d w a y b y po olin g all
availa ble re s o urc es i n s y st emat ic w a y an d div ert t o
the eme rg enc y s it e to co nt r ol & handle t he
eme rg enc y e ff ect ive ly .
7. Ar r an ging reh ear sa l / m oc k d rill on o ff - sit e
eme rg enc y plan
8. Ar r an ging me et ings , prepa rat i on , rec o r d ke eping
et c .
9. T o maint ain m et eo r o logi cal det ail s .
10 . T o mana ge st aff , o f fice w o rk , c om p ut er w ork and
ot h e r w o rk as di rect ed b y Di st rict C risi s Gr o up .
7.2.13.2 The Essential Facilities For Central Control Room :
Th e f ol l ow ing e s sent i al facilit ie s a re t o b e inc orp o rat ed
at t h e s ugg e st ed C e nt ral C ont r ol R o o m :
1. Dat a Ba se Libr ar y
2. E mer gen c y E q ui pm e nt s , Ap par at u s , I nst r u ment s
3. C om m unic at ion Net w ork
4. Haz ard Kit
5. V ehicle s
6. St af f
1. Data B ase Lib r ar y
1. Te chnical r ef er enc e
2. Dist rict Ar ea M ap s
3. Dist rict on - sit e e mer genc y plan s
4. Li st of Ha zar d o us unit s w it h d et ails of
Tel eph on e , C ont a ct pers on s , f ac ilit ies ,
re so u rc es .
5. M SD S o f H az ar do u s c hemic als
6. Re fe ren ce t echni cal bo ok s , L aw b o ok s .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
7. Up - t o- dat e li st o f ex pert s , p olice , fi re s , G ovt .
agen ci e s , m edic al , NGO, V ol unt ar y
or gani zat i on et c . w it h ph one & c ont act p er so n
8. L ocal T el eph one Di re ct or y
9. Li st o f E me rg enc y re s o ur ce s , eq uip me nt s
10 . Li st of ne ut r aliz in g m edia s , av aila bilit y ,
qua nt it y , w it h c ont a ct per s on & p h one .
11 . Li st o f ant id ot s , a vai labilit y a nd p r oc ur e ment ,
s uppli er s .
12 . Ga s Dis pe rsi on m o d ul es & rel at ed det a ils f or
eme rg enc y p urp o se .
13 . Fir e , E xpl osi on , Ga s Le akag e in f or mat io n and
cas e hi st o r y .
2. Em e rg ency Equipm ents , Appa rat us, Inst ru m ents
1. St and ard Of fice F u rn it ure .
2. E mer gen c y P ow er s u pply – D . G . S et et c .
3. C om p ut er s , s oft w ar e , UP C , re sp on s e mo del s ,
print er s , he ad ph one s , bat t er y back up .
4. M et eo r ol ogic al e q ui pment , in st r um ent at ion &
rec or ding s yst e m .
5. Pe rs on al pr ot ect iv e eq uip ment s & sel f
breat hin g a ppar at u s .
6. Fir e fight ing eq ui pm ent s
7. Fir st ai d b ox e s
8. E mer ge n c y T o ols
9. P ublic Add re s sing S y st em , E mer ge nc y ve hicle
3. Co m m uni cat ion ne two rk
a. C om m unic at ion eq ui pment s :
b. Tel eph on es , P & T & E PB AX
c. Wirel es s s et , W alkie – Ta lkie s et s , M obile P hon e
d. I nt ernet
e. Fax
f. T .V w it h V C R
g. Tap e rec o rd er
h. Ra di o
i. X er ox M achin e
j. Ov erh ea d Pr oj ect o r
k. M obil e Ph one
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l. P ost e rs , B oar d s , H ol ding s , Railin g / Fe ncing ,
Sign s , Sign als , T or che s .
m. Bat t er y
n. Ch art s , m ap s , sl og an s , p ost e rs et c .
4. Ha za rd Kit
a. Pr ot ect iv e eq uip men t & cl ot hing .
b. SB A S et w it h sp ar e c ylin de r
c. Le ak c ont r ol eq ui pm ent s
d. C ont ain er s , Dr u m s , C arb o ys , Pip es ,
e. V ario u s Ne ut rali zin g medi a
f. T o ols & Har d w a re s .
g. M onit o ring eq uip me nt s – gas det ect or s , p h -
pape rs dr ag ger t u be s et c .
h. Ad e q uat e n o . o f fir e set s – DC P , C 0 2 , w at er
fo am , M ult i p u rp os e fir e p u mp , h o se pipe s ,
no z zle s .
i. I nert ga s N 2 , C o 2 et c .
j. M edical Fi rst Ai d (Ox y gen C y lind er , Fi rst Aid
Box , E m erg enc y M edical Kit , P ort able
re spirat or , st ret ch er )
k. P ort able la mp s / t or che s , P ort abl e fl o od light s .
l. E mer gen c y S uit
m. Tra ns po rt at ion v ehicl es
n. Uni fo rm
o. Cl ot he s
p. Sir en / H o ot er s
5. Veh icl es
a. C ycl e s
b. Tw o Wh eel er V ehicl e s
c. F o ur Whe ele r V ehicl es
d. M obil e Ha z mat V an
e. Am b u lanc e V a n
6. Staff
a. Of fic er on D ut y – I n - charg e O ffic er
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
b. Fiel d d ut y I nve st igat or
c. Te chnical s upe rvi s or
d. C om p ut er O per at o r
e. Cl eric al St af f
f. M es sen ge rs / p e ons
g. Sw ee pe r & m aint ena nce w ork er s
h. Ca s ual W or ker s
i. Ot her s as speci fie d
CHAPTER – 8
RESPONSE PLAN
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8.1 INTRODUCTION
Th e D i st ri ct h a s sp e ci al plan s f or d ro u g ht , e art hq uak e , t er r ori s m , civil
un re st , h ea v y r ai n / fl oo d s , high w in d , c ycl on e , epi de mi c , ani mal
di s ea se , f o od – p oi s oning et c . H ere fo c us is gi ven on chemi ca l
eme rg en c y & t ech n i cal p ro ce d ure t o c o nt rol s uc h ha za rd s .
Th e re sp on se t o ch e mi cal e me rg enc y in t he Dist rict w ill be or gani ze d
acc or di n g to the i n cide nt co mm an d s y st em as ad o pt ed . It is
fu n da me n t al el e me n t s – ut ilit y o f c om m and , c larit y of obj e ct ive s and
eff i ci en t re s o ur ce u s e a re c om m on t o t h e e ff ect iv e re sp on se .
Th e em er gen c y re sp on se i s led b y di st ri ct emer ge nc y c ont r ol ce nt er
un der t h e c om man d & c ont r ol o f t he di st ri ct coll ect or .
8.2 THEME TO HANDLE CHEMICAL EMERGENCY
I t i s n ot p o ssi b l e t o i n clu de and dis c us s ev er y act i on , w hic h sh o uld b e
t aken fi r st d uri n g e mer gen c y . I t is als o not p o ssi ble t o de sc ribe ent ir e
act i on s on e me rg e n cy sit uat i on . The ba sic p rincip le of handli ng
eme rg en c y , t h at m ay be reli ed u po n , w ho ha ve t h e kn ow ledg e an d
exp eri e n ce t o a ss e ss t he sit uat io n a n d gi ve di rect i on a s p er t he
ob j ect i v es a s q ui ckl y as p o ssibl e . S om e t i me s , it is a nat u ral gi ft and it i s
an art b y h e art . H o w eve r , t he aim i s t o cont r ol t he sit uat io n by s af est
w ay i n a l i mi t ed t i me w it hi n exist ing availa ble r es o u rce s . Fu rt her , i t
sh o ul d b e h an dl e w i t h suc h a car e t hat minim u m lo s s o f lif e , prop ert y
an d en vi r on m en t . I n sh ort , t he ob ject i ve of t he plan s ho ul d s u cce ss f ull y
co mp l y w i t h .
Th e e ve r y em erg en c y s ervi ce ha s t o ope rat e a s w orki ng g r o u p his w it h
rol e a s p er p re vai l i n g circ u mst an ce s , w it h C o - or dinat e d w ay . N o bo d y
sh o ul d w ai t f or ot h er s , im medi at e a ct ion s w it h avail able r es o u rce s o r if
req ui r ed cal l m or e sp e cific re s o ur ce s w it h imme diat e ef fe c t s , s h o uld
h ave st art e d w i t h o u t dela y . F u r t her , t he w orking gr o up s sh o uld rep o rt
t h e de vel op men t of i n cide nt t ime t o t im e , t o t h e a ut h orit ie s and k eep
t h em i n f or me d t h e a ct i on s c o mplet e d o r act ion s are on h and et c .
Th e w o rki n g gr o u p h as t o e val u at e t he si t uat ion an d act i on s w it h rapid
fo rc e sh o ul d b e a ct i vat ed a s p er p r e - de cid ed w a y . Ho w eve r , t he
maxi m um cr edi b l e s cena rio f o r t he unit s hall b e c on sid er ed .
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8.3 DEVELOPING STAGES
Th e re a re p o s si b i l i t i e s o f occ ur ring vari o u s t yp e o f e me rg enc y and eac h
eme rg en c y sh o ul d b e co nt roll ed or h an dled in spe cia l w ay , w hich w ill
h ardl y rep eat e d . S o me t im e t her e is n o s ingle inci de nt oc c urr ing d uri ng
t h e l i fe sp an . H ow e ver , w h en an y em e rgen c y oc c ur s it cannot be
di st i n g ui sh ed i m me d i at ely t he s u bs eq u e nt devel op me nt or gra vit y or
se ri o usn e ss of s uch e mer gen c y is r eq uir e d t o handl e & c ont r ol s af et y if
can n ot c on t r ol .
I t i s sai d t h at ro o f cau se sh o uld b e re m ov ed im me diat el y . S imilarl y , i f
an y em erg en c y t ak es pla ce , it sh o ul d be re sp on de d w it h availa bl e
re so u rc es to co n t ai n imm ediat el y b ef or e sp re adin g . F urt h er the
eme rg en c y ari se d i n t h e u nit is unc o nt roll ed b y t h e unit e ven u sing ow n
re so u rc es i m me di at el y t he L oc al Cri si s Gr o up w ill be call e d f o r . Th e
L ocal C ri si s Gr o up w i l l t ake charg e of sit u at ion , as s es s an d st art t h e
re sp on di n g act i o n s t o mit igat e t he em erg enc y a s advi s ed by exp ert
per s on o r si t uat i on p r evailin g .
How e ve r , t h e g ravi t y of e me rg enc y is p r es u me d t o be hig h t hat co uld
n ot c on t r ol l ed b y t h e Lo cal C risi s G r o up t he Dist ri ct Cri sis Gr o up w ill b e
cal l ed for. Wi l e t ackling t he em erg enc y , if the m ag nit ud e of
eme rg en c y i s h i gh t h at co ul d n ot c ont r oll ed b y t he Di st rict Cri sis Gr o up ,
t h e St at e C ri si s Gr o u p w ill be call ed f or . While t ackli ng t he e mer gen c y ,
if t h e ma gn i t u de o f eme rg enc y i s high t h at co uld n ot c ont r oll ed b y t he
Di st ri ct C ri si s Gr o up , t h e St at e Cri si s G ro u p w ill be call ed f or .
8.4 ACTIONS DURING EMERGENCY PERIOD
Th e fol l ow i n g re sp on d ing act i ons ma y inst ig at ed to ha ndle t he
eme rg en c y b y em er genc y s er vic es . Ple a se s ee cha rt s at Ann ex ur es .
1. As s e ss t h e si t uat i on and im me diat e c o rr esp on ding act io ns m u st be
i n i t i at ed .
2. E xp ert ad vi ce t o c on t rol / mini miz e t h e sit uat i on .
3. Han dl i n g t h e em er g enc y b y e mer gen c y ser vic es b y p o olin g all
re so u rc es .
4. Ur gen t me s sag e s t o call r eq uir ed h elp a nd c o ve y sit uat i on t o t h e
aut h ori t i e s .
5. Warn s t h e p u b l i c i n vicinit y , if r eq uir ed by Si r en o f P ublic Addr es s
S y st em .
6. St art eva c uat i o n , i f r eq uir ed b y u sing v eh icles .
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7. C on st an t c om man d cont r ol vigil ant ly b y Ch airp er s on an d r ep ort e r
h i gh e r a ut h ori t y .
8. Ot h er act i on s a s p e r nee d .
8.4.1 Messages:
Th e m es sa ge s w ill b e c onv e ye d t o all e mer gen c y ser vic es a nd
me mb e rs o f L oc al Cr isi s Gr o up t o re p ort at incid ent p la ce
i mm edi at el y w i t h w e ll prepa re d . W hile c on ve yin g t he m es sa ge s
t h e f ol l ow i n g sp eci fi c d et ails sh o ul d b e i nclu de d .
1. B ri e f d e scri pt i on o f e mer gen c y .
2. Na me of u n it , ch emi cal in v olv ed w it h p r o bable q ua nt it y
3. Ad d r es s , Te l eph on e no . a ppr op riat e r o ut e & co nt act per s on
of t h e u n i t .
4. I den t i fi cat i o n of e mer gen c y a nd t yp e of re q uir ed help ,
re so u rc es , eq ui pm e nt , n e ut rali zing me dia , fir e fig ht ing
eq ui p m en t s et c . Act ion im medi at el y t aken and f u rt her
p ro b ab l e d ev el op me nt o f t he e mer ge nc y sit u at ion .
8.4.2 Siren:
An e mer gen c y sir en / h o ot e r w ill bl ow t o con ve y t he me s sag e o f
eme rg en c y i n i n d u st rial p ock et ar ea .
8.4.3 Responding Actions by Emergency Services:
Th e E me rg en c y Ser vi ces a re r e sp on sible t o per f or m t heir d ut i es
i mm edi a t el y , w it h t heir re s o ur ce s as dev el op ed u nde r t he
re sp on si b l e p e rs on w ill con st ant l y k eep t o uch ed w it h t he C hair
Pe rs on , C en t ral C o nt rol R oo m & ot h e r E mer ge nc y S er vic es
Pe rt ai n i n g t o p re vaili ng c on dit ion s a nd h andling t he em erg en cy
an d ask for m or e spe cifi c hel p , if sit uat io n b ec om e
un c on t r ol l ab l e .
Th e e me rg en c y w ill handl e q uic kl y an d t r y t o mini mi ze t he
dama ge s b y re sp on ding act i on s and c ont r ol t he sit uat i on by
each E m erg en c y Ser vice s as d es crib ed e arlie r .
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
8.5 POSSIBLE CHEMICAL ACCIDENT SCENARIO
Th e e me rge n c y p re p are dne s s shall b e s t ruct ural on p o ssibl e che mical
acci d en t sce n ari o . C on sid erin g t he r o a d inci dent ; t he pr o babilit y of
fl am mab l e l i q ui d / g as o r L P G ga s o r T oxi c Liq uid or Ga s ma y have l ow
pro fi l e . H ow e ver , t h e i nit ial st age m a y de vel op ed at high i nci dent . I t is
pert i n en t t o di sc u ss , t he t ype and es cal at ion of c he mical e mer gen c y
si t u at i on w h i ch ma y t aken int o vi olent sce ne . Th e f oll ow ing diff er ent
cas es h a ve b e en ex p l aine d .
8.5.1 Flammable Material Release:
Th e f ol l ow i n g e xam ples s how how ev en t s inv ol vi ng fla mm a ble
mat eri al s ma y ne ed diff er ent pla nne d r e s pon se s :
A m ajo r f i re but with no dange r of an ex plos ion, e.g. fi re in oil sto r age
tan k:
Th e h a zar ds w o uld be pr ol on ged high lev els o f t her mal
radi at i on an d s m ok e . I t is unlik el y t hat any on e o ut sid e t he
si t e w o ul d b e a ff ect ed i mm ediat el y . Onl y h o u se s clo s e t o
an d di re ct ly exp o s e d t o se ve re t her ma l radi at ion w o uld
n ee d to be e va c uat e d . In s om e c ase s , it mi ght be
de si rab l e t o e vac u at e t hos e are as se ver el y af fect ed b y
sm ok e .
A fi re th reat ening a m a j or i tem of p lant or a st orag e tan k cont ain ing
h aza rd o u s m ate ri als:
As a p a rt o f t he on sit e a ss e ss ment , t h e con se q uen ce s of
s uch an e vent sh o ul d have b een e st ima t ed and t he are a
t h at it might be nece s sar y to e vac uat e d et er mine d .
Hen c e , t h e ap pr op r iat e re sp on se mig ht be t o e vac uat e
t h os e p ot e nt ially at r isk .
A fi re s im il a r to (ii) abo ve, but de velop ing too q uickl y to al lowi ng no
tim e fo r ev acuat ion:
Th e b e st po s sible re sp on se might be t o advi se p e opl e t o
rem ai n i n d o o rs aw a y f r om w ind ow s and shiel de d fr o m line
of si gh t o f fir e . E v a cu at ion s h o uld NO T be at t empt ed if
t h ere i s a si gnifi cant risk t hat fir eball or BLE V E c o uld oc c ur
w h i l e t h e pe opl e w e r e in t h e op en .
Cata st ro p h i c
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F or s o me ma jo r ca t ast ro phic ev ent s t hat o cc ur w it ho ut
w arn i n g , i t m a y n ot be p os sibl e t o t ak e pri o r em erg enc y
act i on . How ev er , mo st s uc h ev ent s are of ve r y sh o rt
du rat i on . The rol e of em erg enc y se rvi ces w o uld b e t o
re sc ue an d do medi cal t reat m ent of t he vict im s ,
ext i n g ui sh i ng sec on d ar y fir es et c . on em e rgen c y b asi s .
8.5.2 Explosion:
E xp l o si on s ma y be v ari o usl y cla s se d a s .
1. Ch emi cal E xpl osi on s / Th er mal E xpl osi on
2. Ph y si cal E xpl o si ons
3. M ech an i cal E xpl osi o n
4. Du st E x p l o si on s
5. E l ect ri cal E xpl o si on s
6. N ucl ear E xpl o si on s
E xp l o si on s a re fr eq ue nt ly acc om pani e d b y fi re s an d oc cu r
un der si mi l a r ci rc u ms t ances . Th e y m a y be s ub - divi de d in t o : -
1. C on fi n e d e xpl o sio ns in b uildin gs , b oil er s , p r oc es s pl ant s ,
st o rag es , G o dow n s e t c.
2. Un c on fi n ed vap o u r c lo ud e xpl osi on s .
B ot h c on f i n e d and u ncon fin ed v ap o ur cl o ud expl o si on s u s ual l y
ori gi n at e i n a l eak o f gas or vap o u r o r va por isin g liq uid int o t he
at mo sp h er e .
Fl a mmab l e ga s - ai r mixt u re s ha ve limit s of d et ona bilit y w hi ch
h ave i n man y ca se s been det e rmin ed a nd w hich lie w it hin t he
fl am mab i l i t y l i mit s . On t h eir s u dde n r e leas e t o at m osp her e
t ro ugh ve n t s , l eak s et c , t he y f o rm cl o u d s w hi ch w ill de pen di ng
up on t h e rel ea se d q uant it y , ph ys ical pr o pert ie s , w ind vel o cit y ,
rea di l y sp r ea d o ve r t he sit e . As m ost o f t he hy dr oca rb on s ga s es
are h e avi er t h a n ai r , t he y fill up pit s , pip es , t re nch es an d ot h er
l ow l yi n g ar eas . An expl o si on w ill occ u r if s uch a mi xt u re of
h y dr oca rb on and a ir w it hin cert ai n c o ncent rat i on s c o me in
con t act w i t h a so ur ce o f ignit i on . The l eaka ge s hall be q ui ckly
i s ol at ed an d sh all be all ow ed t o di spe rs e .
8.5.3 Toxic Release:
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(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
Th e f ol l ow i n g e xa mple s sh ow h ow ev ent s i nv ol ving t o xi c
mat eri al s ma y ne ed diff er ent pla nne d r e s pon se s .
A s lo w in te rm ittent rel ea se e .g. Th rough a l eak in g r eli ef v alv e:
I t w oul d b e unlik el y t hat an y one o ut sid e t he sit e w o uld be
se ve rel y a ff ect e d i mm ediat el y , alt h o u gh ma n y of t he
n ot i fi a b l e s u bst anc e s hav e irrit ant pr ope rt ies or an u n us u al
sm el l . I f t her e w er e rea s on t o f or es ee t hat t he relea s e
w ou l d n ot b e c ont r ol led q ui ckl y or w o ul d gr ow w it h t ime , it
mi gh t b e de sir able t o e vac u at e t h o se pe ople ne ar est t o
t h e si t e or rel ea se and m o st cl os el y d ow nw ind of it,
p ro vi d ed t hat t his e v ac uat ion w o ul d , incr eas e t h eir sa fet y .
A f ir e o r m ec hani cal dam age th at th r eate ned an in stall ation cont ain ing
to xic m ate r ial s:
I f t h e fi re c o uld n ot be cont r oll ed an d t here w as lik el y t o
b e a r ea s onabl e p er iod be f or e o ver pr e s s uri s at i on or plant
fai l ur e can occ ur , e vac uat i on mi ght be appr op riat e . Onc e
agai n p ri o rit y sh o uld be giv en t o t ho s e near e st t he plant
(i n f ul l di r ect ion s ) an d t ho se in an app r o priat e se ct or . (3 0 o ,
dow n w i n d )
Rap i d even t with a l im it ed dur ation e .g. The f ra ctu r e of a com pone nt
th at co u ld b e i solat ed wi thin a rea sonabl e t im e:
I n ci den t t hat gr ow and a re i mm edi at el y c ont r oll ed sh o ul d
w arran t e vac u at ion . An y t oxi c cl o u d f or me d w o ul d b e
l i mi t ed i n si ze and w o uld be lik el y t o d rif t past a pa rt ic ular
sp ot rel at i v el y q uick ly . Th e be st plac e f or p e ople in t he
area w o ul d b e in d o or s , up st air s w it h w indow s a nd d o or s
cl o se d .
A M ajo r E ven t
A m aj o r e vent l ead ing t o a s ud den re leas e o f a l arg e
q ua n t i t y o f a t oxi c s ub st ance , w hich w o uld f o rm a la rg e
t oxi c cl o u d e .g . r el eas e t o at m o sph er e o f m o st o f t he
con t e n t s o f a st or ag e v e ss el t hr o u gh t h e fail u re o f a t ank
sh el l , m an h ole c ov er et c . Alt ho u gh t he p rob abilit y of s uch
an e ven t occ u rrin g is ext re mel y l ow , t he c on se q uenc e s
w ou l d b e se ve re f or pe ople livin g cl o se t o t he inci dent a n d
i n t h e p at h of t he cl o ud . All t he em erg e ncy ser vic es ne ed
t o b e s u mm on ed o n w ar f o ot ing . Th e maj o r di ff er enc e
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b et w een r ele as e s of t oxic a nd flam mabl e mat e rial i s t hat
t oxi c cl o ud s t end t o be ha zar d o u s do w n t o much l ow er
con cen t rat i on t han flam mabl e cl o ud s a nd t her ef or e m a y
rem ai n h a za rd o u s o ver gr eat er dist an c es , w hile t ra velin g
w i t h t h e w ind. The con se q uen ce s ari sin g fr om r ele as e o f
t oxi c mat er ial , dri ft ing at pe rhap s 30 0 m e t ers a min ut e an d
di sp er si n g sl ow l y a r e di ffic ult t o p re di ct . I n ev er y cas e ,
h ow e ve r , t he ha zar d is gr eat e st clo se t o t he s o urc e and
n ear t h e d ow nw ind plu me . U nle ss t her e is a dela y , as in
(a ) or (b ) ab o ve , t he best co ur se NO T to at t empt
eva c uat i on . F o r t ho s e , w ho w e re n ot eva cu at ed , b ut w er e
t h en e xp os ed t o a pr ol ong ed r elea s e , t he c h anc es of
s ur vi val w o uld dimi nish w it h t he pa s si ng of t im e . Th e
E mer gen c y Co o rdin at ing Of fic er (in - c harg e of o ff - sit e
p l an ) p erh aps in c o ns ult at ion w it h t he Si t e M ain C ont r oll er
of t h e f act o r y fr o m w hich t he emer ge nc y ha s ari sen or t he
n ear b y fa ct or y in c a se o f em erg enc y o ut si de t h e fa ct or y
p re mi s es , w o ul d ha v e t o m ake q uick d ecisi o n w hen an d
h ow t o at t em pt re sc ue .
8.5.4 Gas Dispersion :
The most adverse impacts are due to the toxic /
flammable gas releases at ground level and in down -
wind direction.
As per dow n-wind scaling law, the dispersion of
Chlorine and Oleum is indicated at Table – 4.
Further, the basic dispersion equation for
concentration from ground level release can be
calculated from Gaussian Formula also.
Th e m o st ad ver s e im pact s a re d ue t o t he t oxic / flam mabl e g a s
rel e as e s at gr o und le vel and in d ow n - w ind di rect i on .
As p e r d ow n - w i nd s c aling law , t he f oll ow i ng t able s giv e t he g as
di sp er si on f or Am mo nia , C hlo rin e & LP G .
Tab l e – 1 : Am m on i a Ga s Dis pe rsi on
67
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
Considering Wind Velocity V = 2.3 Meter / Second
Time required for
Sr. Mass Release in Range of Evacuation
contaminated air to
No. Tons in Meters
reach in minutes
1 1 230 1.7
2 3 360 2.6
3 5 450 3.3
4 10 600 4.3
5 20 810 5.9
6 30 960 7.0
7 40 1080 7.8
T 8 50 1190 8.6
a
b l e – 2 : Ch l ori n e Gas Dis pe rsi on
Considering Wind Velocity V = 2.3 Meter / Second
Time required for
Sr. Mass Release in Range of Evacuation
contaminated air to
No. Tons in Meters
reach in minutes
1 1 360 2.4
2 3 570 3.8
3 5 710 4.7
4 10 950 6.3
5 20 1270 8.5
6 30 1500 10.0
7 40 1690 11.3
8 50 1860 12.4
Tab l e – 3 : Li q ui fi ed P et rol e um Ga s (L P G )
Considering Wind Velocity V = 2.3 Meter / Second
Time required for
Sr. Mass Release in Range of Evacuation
contaminated air t o
No. Tons in Meters
reach in minutes
1 1 150 1.0
2 3 240 1.7
3 5 290 2.0
4 10 390 2.7
5 20 530 3.7
6 30 630 4.4
7 40 710 4.9
8 50 780 5.4
Tab l e – 4 : Ga s Di s p er si on C on cent rat i on
Th e b a si c di s p e rsi on eq uat i on fo r c on c ent rat io n f r om gr o u nd le vel
rel e as e can b e cal c u lat e d fr om Ga u s sia n F o rm ula .
6
Assuming leak rate (Q) = 3 kg./Sec i.e. 3 X 10 mg/sec and velocity (u) = 2
& 5 m/sec., downwind concentration of some gases at various distances
are calculated and tabulated as follows:
Maximum concentration (PPM) in downwind direction at
Product
distance X wind velocity = 2 m/sec
68
(Part – I) OSEP NARMADA DISTRICT
1KM 2KM 3KM 4KM 5KM
(A) (2 M / Sec)
Chlorine 4.11 1.03 0.45 0.26 0.16
SO3 3.65 0.91 0.41 0.23 0.15
Phosgene 2.95 0.74 0.33 0.18 0.12
Ammonia 0.68 0.17 0.08 --- ---
(B) (5 M / Sec)
1KM 2KM 3KM 4KM 5KM
Chlorine 1.64 0.41 0.18 0.18 0.06
SO3 1.46 0.36 0.16 0.09 0.05
Phosgene 1.18 0.30 0.13 0.07 0.05
Ammonia 1.5 0.3 0.15 0.07 ---
8.5.5 THERMAL RADIUS & DAMAGES
Incidents flux
2 Types of damages caused
KW / m
37.5 Sufficient to cause damage to nearby equipment / vessels, 100% lethality.
Minimum energy required to ignite wood at infinitely long exposure 100%
25.0
lethality.
Minimum energy required for piloted ignition of wood melting plastic
12.5
tubing etc.
Sufficient to cause pain to persons if unable to go out within 20 seconds
4.0 st
however blistering of skin (1 degree burns) is likely 0% lethality.
1.6 Will cause no discomfort for long exposure
69