Cutting through the Hot Air
USEPA’s Heavy-Duty Engine Greenhouse Gas Reductions
Al Osterkil
Chief Engineer, Vehicle Validation and Operation
Navistar, Inc.
1 TRALA 10/28/2010
EPA‟s Heavy-Duty Greenhouse Gas Initiative
• Presidential directive to reduce MD/HD GHG emissions in May, 2010
– Reduce GHG emissions by as much as 20%, increase fuel
economy by as much as 25%, and reduce AC system emissions
• The regulation is not formally published and is subject to change. It
will likely include the following sets of standards
– Engine requirements based upon current testing methods
(FTP/SET) with CO2 emission standards
– Truck requirements based upon standardized truck
characteristics, from a USEPA defined 2010 “standard truck”
– AC refrigerant leakage of no more than 1.5% / year – does not
apply to vocational trucks
• No trailer standards (yet?)
2 TRALA 10/26/2010
EPA‟s truck GHG regulations
• Covers model years beginning in 2014
• Rules apply to 3 types of vehicles
– Class 2b-3 heavy pickups and vans (not addressed here)
– Class 2b-8 vocational vehicles
• Targets improvements and volume share in fuel efficient tires,
hybrid powertrains, and electric vehicles
– Class 7 and 8 combination vehicles (tractor/trailers)
• Compliance established with inputs into mathematical model
• Model based on GVWR class 7 or 8; low, mid and high roof
height; and day cab or sleeper
• Additional inputs for GHG reducing truck features (SmartWay and
other)
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Truck OEM features - Vocational
• For the purposes of this USEPA regulation, “vocational” means
class 2b-8 trucks that are not tractors.
• Focus of regulations is low rolling resistance, low weight tires and
wheels where applicable
– Exemptions for trucks with limited on-road operation
• Hybrid powertrain technologies and electric vehicles
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Truck OEM features – Combinations
Some of these approaches favor certain customer specifications
• Aero classes
• Tires
– Low rolling resistance, super-singles
• Vehicle speed limiting
– Optional by manufacturer, tamperproof if used
• Idle management
– Idle shutdown
• Weight (tires/wheels)
– Super-single drives, aluminum wheels
• „Innovative‟ technology items not captured in other ways
Regulations may support hybrid technologies here as well
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Other potential impacts
• The feature requirements may drive some upfront cost for some
customers
– Fuel economy is a common goal, some of you may not be
much affected
• Should provide fuel economy and cost improvements
– The USEPA‟s estimates show lifecycle cost benefits
– The USEPA‟s research is extensive, but can not cover every
real operating condition
• May limit availability certain truck/engine/feature combinations
– Order specification will be more important than ever
Comment period is for you as well as for the OEM…
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For further information…
• Navistar information site
• The USEPA‟s webpage with links to all documents:
– http://www.epa.gov/otaq/climate/regulations.htm#1-2
• Prepublication preamble and regulations:
– http://www.epa.gov/otaq/climate/regulations/hd-preamble-
regs.pdf
• Fact sheet:
– http://www.epa.gov/otaq/climate/regulations/420f10901.htm
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