GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE

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GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 1

For teaching from 2011

GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED
SCIENCE

SPECIMEN ASSESSMENT MATERIALS
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 3

Contents

Page

Unit 1

Question Papers

Foundation Tier 5

Higher Tier 25

Mark Schemes

Foundation Tier 42

Higher Tier 46

Assessment Grids 53

Unit 2

Controlled Assessment: Tasks and Mark Schemes 57
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 5

Candidate Name Centre Number Candidate Number
0

GCSE

ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE

FOUNDATION TIER (Grades G-C)

UNIT 1: SCIENCE AT WORK

SPECIMEN PAPER

1 hour

For Examiner’s use only
Maximum Mark
Question
Mark Awarded
1. 3
2. 3
3. 3
4. 4
5. 4
6. 4
7. 3
8. 11
9. 4
10. 9
11. 4
12. 8
Total 60

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answer to question 8(b).
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 6

1. Physiotherapists need to learn about how muscles work. The diagram shows the
muscles in the upper arm of a gymnast.

The table gives some information about the pair of muscles. Only some of the
statements are true.
Complete the table by ticking ( ) the box true or false next to each statement. [3]

Tick ( ) Tick ( )
Statement
if true if false

Both muscles relax at the same time

The muscles are called an antagonistic pair

When the biceps is contracted the triceps is relaxed
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 7

2. Environmental Health Officers give advice to a chef in a restaurant to prevent
outbreaks of food poisoning. Food poisoning is caused by bacteria.

(i) Give one symptom of food poisoning. [1]

…………………………………………………………….......................................

(ii) Suggest two ways the chef could keep food free from bacteria when it is
being prepared. [2]

1. ……………………………………………………………………………….

2. ……………………………………………………………………………….
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 8

3. A commercial grower wants to improve the growth of his tomato crop. He uses data
on the rate of photosynthesis to plan the best conditions for growing the crop.

(a) Complete the word equation for photosynthesis: [1]

carbon dioxide + …………………… glucose + oxygen

(b) A graph of photosynthesis against light intensity is shown below.

15
14
20 oC
13
Rate of photosynthesis (arbitrary units)

12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Light Intensity (cd)

(i) Circle the lowest value of the light intensity below that gives the
maximum rate of photosynthesis at 20 oC. [1]

0 cd 500 cd 1000 cd 1500 cd 2000 cd

(ii) How will the graph change if a temperature of 25 oC was used instead
of 20 oC? [1]

……………………………………………………..………………………………..

……………………………………………………….……………………………...
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 9

4. Tom attends a ‘Well Man Clinic’ run at his local hospital. One of the measurements
taken to assess his wellbeing is his BMI. Tom is a weight lifter and trains at the local
gym every day.

The nurse collects information on his Body Mass Index (BMI).
BMI is found using the equation:

mass (kg)
BMI =
height (m) 2

(i) Calculate the BMI for Tom who has a mass of 90 kg and a height of 1.5 m.
[1]

BMI = …………………

(ii) Use the information below to identify the body type for Tom and explain why
the BMI index may not be a reliable measure to use in the case of Tom. [3]

A BMI less than 18.5 is underweight body type
A BMI of 18.5 – 24.9 is normal weight body type
A BMI of 25.0 – 29.9 is overweight body type
A BMI of 30.0 – 39.9 is obese body type
A BMI of 40.0 or higher is severely (or morbidly) obese body type

…………………………………………………………………………….……

………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………….……

………………………………………………………………………………….
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 10

5. A forensic scientist uses paper chromatography to analyse lipstick used to leave a
message on a mirror at a crime scene. The lipstick was first dissolved in a solvent
and then spotted onto the chromatography paper at position A. Five known lipsticks
were then spotted at positions B through to F.

(a) The forensic scientist uses the following apparatus to carry out the paper
chromatography.

Lid

chromatography paper

solvent

She uses a solvent that is a mixture of water and acetone (propanone).
Acetone is a volatile liquid. Why is it important that the lid is placed upon the
apparatus? [1]

……………………………………………………………….........…………...........

………………………………………………………………………………………..
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 11

(b) The results of the experiment are shown below.

Position to which
the solvent
Paper travelled

length
5 cm

A B C D E F Pencil base line

(i) Make a conclusion, with a reason, about the lipstick found at the crime
scene using the results shown below. [2]

…………………………………………………………………………….……........

………………………………………………………………………………….........

(ii) Two dyes in the lipstick samples C are not completely separated.
Give one way in which the experiment could be changed to improve
the separation. [1]

…………………………………………………………………………….……........

………………………………………………………………………………….........

………………………………………………………………………………….........
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 12

6. A number of drums have been dumped by the roadside. One of them contains a
white powder. An Environmental Protection Officer (EPO) is asked to find out what
the drum contains.

(a) The EPO needs to take a sample back to the lab for analysis. Give a reason
why she should take more than one sample from the drum. [1]

…………………………………………………………………………….……........

………………………………………………………………………………….........

(b) At the laboratory she tests the white powder to identify it. Complete the
following table to make conclusions from the results she obtained.

Test Observation Conclusion

…………………………….
(i) Flame test Orange flame
…………………………….

(ii) Add nitric acid ………………………….…
followed by silver White precipitate formed
nitrate solution ……………………………..

[2]

(c) Use the test results above and the information in page 23 to work out the
formula of the compound present in the drum.
[1]
…………………………………………………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 13

7. A sports nutritionist advises an athlete on his Personal Energy Requirements.
This is given by the following equation.

Personal energy requirement =

basic energy requirement (BER) + extra energy requirement

The BER depends on body mass. For every kilogram, we need 130 kJ of energy
every day.

The extra energy requirement depends on how active the athlete is. For each hour's
training, the athlete needs 30 kJ of energy for each kg of body mass.

The sports nutritionist uses scales and finds a mass of an athlete to be 70 kg.

(i) Calculate the daily BER for the athlete. [1]

BER = ……………………kJ

(ii) The athlete trains for two hours during the day.
Calculate the extra energy requirement. [1]

Extra energy requirement = …………….kJ

(iii) What is the personal energy requirement of the athlete for the day? [1]

…………………………………………………………………………………….
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 14

8. A physiologist can monitor the performance of a footballer in a number of ways.
One measure of performance is lung function.

(a) Suggest one reason why it is important for a footballer to have a healthy
lung function. [1]

……………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) The diagram shows some of the structures in the chest.

Explain how these structures work together when we breathe in air. [6 QWC]

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 15

(c) A physiologist measured the breathing rate of three different footballers
before, during and after a training exercise. The results are shown below.
The exercise stops after 6 minutes for each player.

Time (minutes)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Breathing rate

Player 1 16 32 49 60 35 22 17 16 16
(breaths /
minute)

Player 2 17 34 52 65 47 34 25 19 17

Player 3 18 34 51 66 40 24 18 18 18

(i) Suggest one way in which you could make it easier to compare the
results obtained by the physiologist. [1]

…………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) How long did it take for the breathing rate to return to normal for
player 3 after exercise was stopped? [1]

…………………………………………………………………………………

(iii) Examine the results for each of the players and state which player is
least fit, giving a reason for your answer. [2]

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 16

9. The world population is growing quickly. There is concern that we are not producing
enough food to feed all the population. Farmers are encouraged to use intensive
farming methods. One method of intensive farming is keeping battery hens.

(i) Give two advantages of keeping battery hens. [2]

…………………………………………………………………………….……........

………………………………………………………………………………….........

(ii) Suggest two reasons why some people will only buy free range eggs. [2]

………………………………………………………………………………….........

………………………………………………………………………………….........
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 17

10. (a) Materials scientists have developed a wide range of materials for different
applications. Draw a line connecting a material to an application it is used for.
[4]

Kevlar® Catalytic converter

Titanium Bullet proof vests

Ceramic beads Cycle safety helmet

Expanded
Aircraft engines
polystyrene

(b) Sports scientists choose materials for equipment to improve performance of
athletes.

Frames for mountain bikes can be made from a number of materials which
include aluminium alloys, steel alloys and titanium. Mountain bikes need to
support the weight of the rider and absorb shock without breaking or
deforming.

(i) State what is meant by an alloy. [1]

…………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) A model of a metal is shown below. Use this model to give a reason
why metals are malleable. [1]

Key

Metal
atom

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 18

(iii) Use the information in the following table to explain which material is
most suitable to build the frame of a high performance mountain bike.
[3]

Density Tensile Strength
Material
(g/cm3) (MPa)

Carbon fibre 1.7 5600
Steel alloy 7.8 860
Aluminium alloys 2.7 483
Titanium 4.5 900

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 19

11. A company makes orange flavoured chewing gum. Marcus checks samples from
batches of the chewing gum to make sure that it contains the right amount of citric
acid with is flavouring. He follows the following standard procedure.

Step 1 Take one piece of orange flavoured bubble gum, unwrap it and
place on a wood block.
Step 2 With a kitchen rolling pin, roll the gum into a very thin strip approx
160 x 130 x 0.5 mm. Cut the thin strip into small pieces about the
size of long grain rice.
Step 3 Weigh out accurately about 1.00 g of gum bits into a 250 cm3
conical flask.
Step 4 Pour 100 cm3 of distilled water into the flask. Add a magnetic
follower and stopper.
Step 5 Stir vigorously for 30 minutes making sure the bubble gum bits do
not stick together
Step 6 Add 0.5 cm3 of phenolphthalein indicator solution and titrate with 0.1
mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide contained in a 10 cm3 burette. The end-
point is when a pink colour appears and remains after 15 seconds.
Record the titre.
Step 7 Repeat twice more and average all three results.

(a) Give one reason why Marcus uses a standard procedure for analysing citric acid.
[1]

…………………………………………………………………………….................

…………………………………………………………………………….................
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 20

(b) Marcus obtained the following titration results.

Run 1 Run 2 Run 3
Final volume
6.40 6.60 6.75
(cm3)
Initial volume
0.00 0.15 0.25
(cm3)

Titre (cm3) 6.40 6.45 6.50

(i) Confirm that the average titre is 6.45 cm3. Show your workings. [1]

…………………………………………………………………………….....

(ii) The mass of chewing gum in the sample is calculated using the
formula:

mass of citric acid in 100 g of gum = t x 0.71 g

where t = the average titre

Use the average titre and the formula to calculate the mass of citric
acid in 100 g of gum. [1]

Mass citric acid in 100 g = …………… g

Underline the correct answer

qualitative quantitative semi-quantitative
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 21

12. (a) It is important that we produce sufficient food to feed the world’s growing
population. Since 1960 global cereal production has increased. Use the
following charts to help you answer the questions that follow.

Global cereal production
Global land used for arable farming
1600 1.8

1400 1.6

Global cereal production (10 9
Arable land (million hectares)

1200 1.4

1000 1.2

megatonnes)
1
800
0.8
600
0.6
400
0.4
200
0.2
0
0
1960 1970 1980 1990 1960 1970 1980 1990
Year
Year

Global pesticide production Global fertiliser production

3.5 70
Global pestiside production (10 6 tonnes)

3 60
Nitrogen fertiliser production (10

2.5 50

2
tonness)

1.5 30

1 20

0.5 10

0 0
1960 1970 1980 1990 1960 1970 1980 1990
Year Year

(i) Calculate how much the global cereal production increases by
between 1960 and 1990. [1]

…………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Explain the increase in global cereal production between 1960 and
1990 in the light of the information provided above. [3]

…………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 22

(b) The final results of the Farm Scale Evaluations of herbicide tolerant GM crops
were announced in 2003. These crops were genetically modified to be
tolerant of a ‘broad-spectrum’ herbicide, which kills a wide range of weeds.

The trial allowed the farmer growing the GM crop to use only one application
of a broad-spectrum herbicide to control the weeds. Farmers usually have to
use more than one herbicide to protect a conventional crop. Using broad-
spectrum herbicides on conventional crops would kill the crop as well as the
weeds.

Trial results are recorded below.

Crop Compared to a conventional crop
GM winter rape • same number of weeds overall
• more grass weeds but fewer overall
• more grass
• fewer butterflies and bees
GM spring rape and beet • fewer weeds
• fewer seeds
• fewer bees and butterflies
• more springtails*
GM maize • more weeds
• more seeds
• more bees and butterflies
• more springtails*

*Springtails are insects.

(i) One of the above crops was granted approval by the government for
commercial cultivation. State which you think this was, and give a
reason for your answer. [2]

…………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Reread the introduction to this question and suggest how changing
the conditions of the trial could have changed the outcome. [2]

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 23

FORMULAE FOR SOME COMMON IONS

POSITIVE IONS NEGATIVE IONS

NAME FORMULA NAME FORMULA

Aluminium Al3+ Bromide Br-

Ammonium NH4+ Carbonate CO32-

Barium Ba2+ Chloride CI-

Calcium Ca2+ Fluoride F-

Copper(II) Cu2+ Hydroxide OH-

Hydrogen H+ Iodide I-

Iron(II) Fe2+ Nitrate NO3-

Iron(III) Fe3+ Oxide O2-

Lithium Li+ Sulfate SO42-

Magnesium Mg2+

Nickel Ni2+

Potassium K+

Silver Ag+

Sodium Na+
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 25

Candidate Name Centre Number Candidate Number
0

GCSE

ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE

HIGHER TIER (Grades D - A* )

UNIT 1: SCIENCE AT WORK

SPECIMEN PAPER

1 hour

For Examiner’s use only
Maximum Mark
Question
Mark Awarded
1. 3
2. 4
3. 10
4. 4
5. 7
6. 4
7. 8
8. 10
9. 6
10. 4
Total 60

ADDITIONAL MATERIALS
In addition to this examination paper, you may require a calculator and ruler.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this
page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answers to question 3(b) and 7(i).
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 26

1. A sports nutritionist advises athletes on their Personal Energy Requirement. This is
given by the following equation:

Personal energy requirement = basic energy requirement (BER) + extra energy
requirement

The BER depends on body mass. For every kilogram, we need 130 kJ of energy
every day.

The extra energy requirement depends on how active the athlete is. For each hours
training, the athlete needs 30 kJ of energy for each kg of body mass.

The sports nutritionist uses scales and finds the mass of an athlete to be 70 kg.

(i) Calculate the daily BER for the athlete. [1]

BER = .................. kJ

(ii) The athlete trains for two hours during the day.
Calculate the extra energy requirement. [1]

Extra energy requirement = ................ kJ

(iii) What is the personal energy requirement of the athlete for the day? [1]

...........................................................................................................................
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 27

2. A company makes orange flavoured chewing gum. It uses citric acid as flavouring in
the chewing gum. Marcus works in the quality control laboratory at the company. He
checks samples from batches of the chewing gum to make sure that it contains the
right amount of citric acid. He follows the following standard procedure.

Step 1 Take one piece of orange flavoured bubble gum, unwrap it and
place on a wood block.
Step 2 With a kitchen rolling pin, roll the gum into a very thin strip approx
160 x 130 x 0.5 mm. Cut the thin strip into small pieces about the
size of long grain rice.
Step 3 Weigh out accurately about 1.00 g of gum bits into a 250 cm3
conical flask.
Step 4 Pour 100 cm3 of distilled water into the flask. Add a magnetic
follower and stopper.
Step 5 Stir vigorously for 30 minutes making sure the bubble gum bits do
not stick together.
Step 6 Add 0.5 cm3 of phenolphthalein indicator solution and tritrate with
0.1 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide contained in a 10 cm3 burette. The
end-point is when a pink colour appears and remains after 15
seconds. Record the titre.
Step 7 Repeat twice more and average all three results.

(a) Give one reason why Marcus uses a standard procedure for analysing citric acid.
[1]

……………………………………………………………………………................

……………………………………………………………………………................
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 28

(b) Marcus obtained the following titration results.

Run 1 Run 2 Run 3
Final volume
6.40 6.60 6.75
(cm3)
Initial volume
0.00 0.15 0.25
(cm3)

Titre (cm3) 6.40 6.45 6.50

(i) Marcus is an experienced technician. Give one reason why there are
small differences between the titres (titration results) he obtained
above. [1]

..............................................................................................................

(ii) Confirm that the average titre is 6.45 cm3. Show your workings. [1]

..............................................................................................................

(iii) The mass of chewing gum in the sample is calculated using the
formula:

mass of citric acid in 100 g of gum = t x 0.71 g

where t = the average titre (titration reading)

Use the formula to calculate the mass of citric acid in 100 g of gum. [1]

Mass citric acid in 100 g = …………… g
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 29

3. A physiologist can monitor the performance of a footballer in a number of ways. One
measure of performance is lung function.

(a) Suggest one reason why it is important for a footballer to have a healthy lung
function. [1]

...........................................................................................................................

(b) The diagram shows some of the structures in the chest.

intercostal muscles

lung
ribs

diaphragm

Explain how these structures work together when we breathe in air. [6 QWC]

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 30

(c) The physiologist measured the breathing rate of three different footballers
before, during and after a training exercise. The results are shown below.
The exercise stops after 6 minutes for each player.

Time (minutes)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Breathing rate

Player 1 16 32 49 60 35 22 17 16 16
(breaths /
minute)

Player 2 17 34 52 65 47 34 25 19 17

Player 3 18 34 51 66 40 24 18 18 18

(i) Suggest one way in which you could make it easier to compare the
results obtained by the physiologist. [1]

...........................................................................................................................

(ii) Examine the results for each of the players and state which player is
least fit, giving a reason for your answer. [2]

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 31

4. A number of drums have been dumped by the roadside. One of them contains a
white powder. An Environmental Protection Officer (EPO) is asked to find out what
the drum contains.

(a) The EPO needs to take a sample back to the lab for analysis. Give a reason
why she should take more than one sample from the drum. [1]

..........................................................................................................................

(b) At the laboratory she tests the white powder to identify it. The EPO carries
out the following tests on the powder. Complete the conclusion for each test.

Test Observation Conclusion

…………………………….
(i) Flame test Lilac flame
…………………………….

………………………….…
(ii) Add barium chloride
White precipitate formed
solution
……………………………..

[2]

(c) Use the results to your test above and the information on page 39 to work out
the formula of the powder.
[1]
Formula ………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 32

5. Sports scientists choose materials for equipment to improve performance of athletes.

Frames for mountain bikes can be made from a number of materials which include
aluminium alloys, steel alloys and titanium. Mountain bikes need to support the
weight of the rider and absorb shock without breaking or deforming.

(i) State what is meant by an ‘alloy’.
[1]
…………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………...

(ii) Explain, in terms of the structure of metals and alloys, why alloys are often
less malleable than pure metals.
[3]
…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

(iii) Use the information in the following table to explain which material is most
suitable to build the frame of a high performance mountain bike.
[3]

Tensile
Density
Material Strength
(g/cm3)
(MPa)
Steel alloy 7.8 860
Aluminium alloy 2.7 483
Titanium 4.5 900

…………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………...
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 33

6. It is important that we produce sufficient food to feed the world’s growing population.
Explain the increase in global cereal production between 1960 and 1990 in the light
of the information provided below.
[4]
Global cereal production Global land used for arable farming

1.8 1550

1.6

Land used for arable farming (million
Global cereal production (10 9

1500
1.4

1.2
megatonnes)

1450
1

hecatres)
0.8 1400

0.6
1350
0.4
0.2 1300

0
1960 1970 1980 1990 1250
1960 1970 1980 1990
Year
Year

Global pesticide production Global fertiliser production

3.5
70
Global pestiside production (10 6 tonnes)

3
60
Nitrogen fertiliser production (10

2.5
50

2
tonness)

1.5
30
1
20
0.5
10
0
1960 1970 1980 1990 0
1960 1970 1980 1990
Year
Year

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 34

7. A trainer is explaining to a shot putter about the muscles in the upper arm shown in
the diagram.

(i) Explain how this pair of muscles and the structure of the synovial joint enables
the movement of the lower arm. [6 QWC]

…………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Explain why shot-putters need a strong triceps muscle. [2]

…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 35

8. Jacqueline has been a known drug user. She now claims to have been drug free for
the last 90 days. Prior to this period she admits to using the drug LSD. She needs to
show she has not used drugs for the previous 90 days. This is achieved by testing a
sample of her hair (usually about 50 strands) using gas chromatography (GC). Hair
grows at the rate of 1 mm every three days. Timegate Laboratories offer forensic
testing of hair.

(a) (i) Show that the laboratory needs to analyse a 3 cm section of hair to
prove that Jacqueline has not used drugs for 90 days. [1]

…………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) The diagram below shows a strand of hair taken from Jacqueline.

Mark on the diagram the section of hair that could be analysed to
show her drug use in the last 90 day period. Label this period ‘A’.
Also mark on the diagram the section of hair that could be analysed to
show her drug use in the previous 90 day period. Label this period ‘B’.
[2]

cm
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Strand of hair
Most recent Oldest growth
growth

(b) The laboratory analyses Jacqueline’s hair for the last 90 days (sample A) and
the previous 90 days (sample B). Below are the results of GC analysis of
Jacqueline’s hair. All results were obtained under the same conditions. Under
these conditions, the retention time of LSD is 3.0 minutes.

Sample A
Response

0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Time (minutes)
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 36

Sample B
Response

0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Time (minutes)

Examine the results above and explain if they are consistent with Jacqueline’s
claims. [3]

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 37

9. Healthy plant growth requires the presence of nutrients. The following pictures are of
tomato plants that are each deficient in a different nutrient.

Plant A Plant B
Deficient in nitrogen Deficient in phosphorus
Stunted growth Growth dwarfed and thin

In each case explain how the symptoms of the nutrient deficiency are linked to the
role of the nutrient in the plant.

(i) Plant A [3]

............................................................................................................................

(ii) Plant B [3]

............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 38

10. A farmer improves crop production by using improved drainage, using additional
applications of pesticides and planting the crop in the autumn rather than spring.
Explain how these changes may affect plant diversity. [4]

.......................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 39

FORMULAE FOR SOME COMMON IONS

POSITIVE IONS NEGATIVE IONS

NAME FORMULA NAME FORMULA

Aluminium Al3+ Bromide Br-

Ammonium NH4+ Carbonate CO32-

Barium Ba2+ Chloride CI-

Calcium Ca2+ Fluoride F-

Copper(II) Cu2+ Hydroxide OH-

Hydrogen H+ Iodide I-

Iron(II) Fe2+ Nitrate NO3-

Iron(III) Fe3+ Oxide O2-

Lithium Li+ Sulfate SO42-

Magnesium Mg2+

Nickel Ni2+

Potassium K+

Silver Ag+

Sodium Na+
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 41

General marking instructions

1. Over-rigidity in the interpretation of the mark scheme is not intended and it is
accepted that points may be made in a variety of different ways including converse
and counterpoints. Therefore, correct responses, even if expressed differently, are
acceptable provided the points are explicit, unambiguous and made in the correct
context. Note however, that in many answers, specific terms are a requirement.

2. Allow phonetic spelling except where there is a possibility that scientific terms might
be confused.

3. When candidates list alternative answers to short answer questions, the general
principle to be followed is: right + wrong = no mark. In a question requiring a set
number of responses, where a candidate has supplied extra responses above the
required number each error/contradiction negates one correct response, however
responses considered neutral are not penalised.

4. The principle of error carried forward is generally applied where an incorrect value
calculated in one part of a question is treated as being correct for the purposes of
subsequent parts.

5. When marking calculations, substitution into an incorrect equation is not credited and
hence subsequent calculations within that section will score zero.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 42

GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

Additional Applied Science Unit 1

Specimen paper

FOUNDATION TIER

Statement Tick ( ) if Tick ( ) if
true false
both muscles relax at the same time
the muscles are called an antagonistic pair
when the biceps is contracted the triceps is
relaxed

1 mark for tick in correct place
If both true and false ticked for a statement (0) [3]

2. (i) Symptoms to include one of: stomach pains, sickness or diarrhoea. [1]

(ii) Two from: keeping raw and cooked food separate, maintain hygiene, store
food at suitable temperature/refrigerate food. [2]

3. (a) water [1]

(b) (i) Circle 1500 cd [1]

(ii) Graph flattens out at higher value / line starts out steeper [1]

4. (i) BMI = 69 (1) or = 35.2 (1) [1]
1.42

(ii) Tom is obese (1)

One mark can be awarded for making a correct and relevant point:

Tom will have a higher muscle mass (than most) / Tom will be muscular. (1)

The second mark can only be awarded if the candidate coherently and
correctly links the conclusion to the statement above.

Therefore BMI overestimates the amount of Tom's fat. (1) [3]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 43

5. (a) The acetone will evaporate from the tank (leaving water) [1]

(b) (i) The lipstick at the crime scene matches lipstick F(1). The pattern of
dyes that separate in lipstick F matches the pattern for the lipstick at
the crime scene. (1) [2]

(ii) Use a longer sheet of chromatography paper / Change the solvent
used in the chromatography tank. [1]

6. (a) There may be more than one powder in the tank / She needs to get a
representative sample of the powder (in the tank). [1]

(b) (i) Sodium (1)

(ii) Chloride (ions) present (1) [2]

(b) (i) NaCl (1) (Not NACl, NaCL) [1]

7. (i) Subs of 130 x 70 or ans 9100 [1]

(ii) 30 x 70 x 2 (1) or ans 4200(1) [1]

(iii) 13300 or allow error carried forward from previous parts. [1]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 44

8. (a) One from intake large volume of air, good gas exchange.
Accept: takes in more air and absorbs more oxygen. [1]

(b) Indicative content
• intercostal muscles contract
• ribcage expands
• diaphragm lowers
• lungs expand/ lung volume increases
• causing air pressure to drop
• so air enters them.

Level 3 responses demonstrate both a detailed understanding of science and
an effective use of written skills to communicate scientific understanding.
The candidate constructs a precise and coherent narrative from relevant
points such as those in the indicative content. The answer fully addresses the
question with no significant omissions. The candidate makes points in a
correct context, using appropriate scientific terminology with accurate
spelling, punctuation and grammar. [5-6]

Level 2 responses demonstrate some understanding of relevant science and
mainly appropriate written skills to communicate scientific understanding. The
candidate makes some relevant points such as those in the indicative content.
The candidate produces a narrative with a measure of coherence, covering
points in context using some scientific terminology with mainly accurate spelling,
punctuation and grammar. [3-4]

Level 1 responses show a limited understanding of science and a limited
ability to meaningfully communicate scientific ideas in writing. The candidate
has given a limited response with little use of scientific language with
inaccuracies in spelling, punctuation and grammar. The response is poorly
structured and limits the candidate’s ability to express their meaning. [1-2]

Zero marks will be awarded where the candidate fails to meet the
requirements of a level 1 response.

(ii) 10 minutes. [1]

(iii) Player 2 (1)

Takes longer for the breathing rate of the player to recover from
exercise. (1) [2]

9. (i) Two from: Greater output, less labour, less land used. [2]

(ii) Animal welfare, reference to quality of eggs. [2]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 45

10. (a) Kevlar® Bullet proof vests (1)
Titanium Aircraft engines (1)
Ceramic beads Catalytic convertor (1)
Expanded polystyrene Cycle safety helmet (1) [4]

(b) (i) Mixture of two elements - one of which is a metal. (1) [1]
(Not just: mixture of two elements.)

(ii) Layers of atoms are able to slide over one another. (1) [1]

(iii) One mark can be awarded for identifying carbon fibre (1)

The following marks can only be awarded if the candidate coherently
and correctly reasons using the information from the table.

This material has highest tensile strength of all three listed so can be
used to make a strong frame. (1)
It is also the least dense so is suitable to make a light frame. (1) [3]

11. (a) One of: reproducibility or repeatability. (1) [1]
(Not: makes work more accurate.)

(b) (i) Workings must be shown: (6.40 + 6.45 + 6.55)/3 [1]

(ii) Mass = 6.45 x 0.71 = 4.58 g (1) (also accept 4.6 g, 4.5 g, 4.57 g) [1]

12. (a) (i) Cereal production has doubled/ increased twofold/twice/ increased
100%. (1) [1]

(ii) Two marks can be awarded for correct and relevant points:

Land usage for farming has only increased slightly/ hardly increased/
hardly changed (1).
Global fertiliser production and pesticide use has increased
dramatically (in the same period) (1).

The third mark can only be awarded if the candidate coherently and
correctly links the conclusion to the points above.

Therefore increase in cereal production is due to use of fertilisers and
pesticides. (1) [3]

(b) (i) GM maize.(1) This was the only crop that improved the number of all
the species monitored. (1) [2]

(ii) If additional applications of herbicide were allowed (1) then this may
have decreased the numbers of species monitored. (1) [2]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 46

GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

Additional Applied Science Unit 1

Specimen paper

HIGHER TIER

1. (i) Subs of 130 x 70 or ans 9100 [1]

(ii) 30 x 70 x 2 (1) or ans 4200(1) [1]

(iii) 13300 or allow error carried forward from previous parts. [1]

2. (a) One of: leads to reproducibility or repeatability. (1)
(Not: makes work more accurate.) [1]

(b) (i) Slight differences in judging the colour change at the endpoint/ small
differences in making judgements about volumes used in pipettes or
burette / limitations in reading scales / limitations of equipment.

Do not accept: operator error / making a mistake carrying out the
experiment / not filling the burette properly / mistakes in using the
apparatus / damaged equipment. [1]

(ii) Workings must be shown: (6.40 + 6.45 + 6.55)/3 [1]

(iii) Mass = 6.45 x 0.71 = 4.58 g (also accept 4.6 g, 4.5 g, 4.57 g) [1]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 47

3. (a) Good oxygen supply needed for (aerobic) respiration (1) [1]
(Not just: need good oxygen supply.)

(b) Indicative content
• Intercostal muscles contract
• ribcage expands
• diaphragm lowers
• lungs expand/ lung volume increases
• causing air pressure to drop
• so air enters them.

Level 2 responses demonstrate some understanding of relevant science and
mainly appropriate written skills to communicate scientific understanding.
The candidate makes some relevant points such as those in the indicative
content. The candidate produces a narrative with a measure of coherence,
covering points in context using some scientific terminology with mainly
accurate spelling, punctuation and grammar. [3-4]

Zero marks will be awarded where the candidate fails to meet the
requirements of a level 1 response.

(ii) Player 2 (1)

Takes longer for the breathing rate of the player to recover from
exercise. (1) [2]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 48

4. (a) There may be more than one powder in tank / to obtain a representative
sample of the powder (in the tank). [1]

(b) (i) Potassium present. (1)

(ii) Sulfate present. (1) [2]

5. (i) Mixture of two elements - one of which is a metal. (1) [1]
(Not just: mixture of two elements.)

(ii) Two marks can be awarded for making correct and relevant points.
The third mark can only be awarded if all points are coherently and
correctly linked.

Metals are malleable because layers of atoms can slide over each
other. (1)
In an alloy there are some larger atoms present. (1).
These make it more difficult for layers to slide over each other. (1)
Labelled diagram acceptable to illustrate second and third points. [3]

(iii) Two marks can be awarded for making correct and relevant points:

Titanium is the strongest / has the highest tensile strength. (1)
Less dense than aluminium but greater strength means that less metal
will be needed to build the frame. (1)

The third mark can only be awarded if the conclusion is coherently
and correctly linked to the points above.

Titanium is the most suitable. (1) [3]

6. Three marks can be awarded for making correct and relevant points:

Global cereal production doubled (between 1960 and 1990). (1)
Land usage for farming has only increased slightly/ hardly increased/ hardly
changed. (1)
Global fertiliser production and pesticide use has increased dramatically (in the same
period). (1)

The fourth mark can only be awarded if the candidate coherently and correctly links
the conclusion to the points above.

Increase in cereal production is due to use of fertilisers and pesticides. (1)
[4]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 49

7. (i) Indicative content
• Muscles
o muscles operate in pairs, antagonistic pairs
o one muscle contracts while other is relaxed
o only act on bones when contracting
o biceps bends arm, triceps straightens arm
• Synovial joint
o allows smooth movement
o cartridge lowers friction
o synovial fluid lubricates joint
o ligament holds joint/ stabilises joint.

Level 1 responses show a limited understanding of science and a limited
ability to meaningfully communicate scientific ideas in writing. The candidate
has given a limited response (only one valid and relevant point), with little use
of scientific language with inaccuracies in spelling, punctuation and grammar.
The response is poorly structured and limits the candidate’s ability to express
their meaning. [1-2]

Zero marks will be awarded where the candidate fails to meet the
requirements of a level 1 response

(ii) One mark can be awarded for a correct and relevant point. The second mark
will only be awarded if the two points are coherently and correctly linked.

Arm straightens to throw shot (1), which is caused by triceps contracting. (1)
[2]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 50

8. (a) (i) (1 x 90)/3 = 30 mm = 3 cm Workings must be shown that give
correct answer. (1) [1]

(ii)

cm
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Strand of hair
Most recent A B Oldest growth
growth
[2]

(b) Two marks can be awarded for the correct interpretation of the
chromatograms:

There is no peak at 3 minutes in sample A implying that there is no LSD
present. (1). There is a peak at 3 minutes in sample B which is/maybe
LSD(1).

The third mark can only be awarded if the candidate coherently and correctly
links the conclusion to the points above.

Therefore these results are consistent with Jacqueline’s claims. (1) [3]

Separation depends upon differences in the attraction (1)
of different molecules/substances (1)
for the stationary phase (1) and mobile phase (1)

The fourth mark can only be awarded if the candidate coherently and
correctly links the points to consequence.

This results in some components moving more quickly/slower than others. (1)
[4]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 51

9. Plant A
Two marks can be awarded for making relevant and correct points, e.g.

Nitrogen is found in chlorophyll (1)
which is required for photosynthesis (1)

The third mark can only be awarded if the candidate coherently and correctly
links the points to the symptom

Therefore plant is less able to make food leading to poor growth (1) [3]

Plant B
Two marks can be awarded for making relevant and correct points, e.g.

Phosphorus is found in an enzyme (1)
which is involved in energy transfer in plants (1)

The third mark can only be awarded if the candidate coherently and correctly
links the points to the symptom

Plants are not able to use energy efficiently causing poor growth (1) [3]

10. Three marks can be awarded by making correct and relevant points:

Improving drainage will reduce habitat for plants that prefer wet conditions. (1)
Pesticides kill insects which may help pollinate plants (1). (Not just ‘kills
insects’.).
The crop germinates/ starts growing earlier out competing the weed (1). (Not
just ‘ crop germinates earlier’.)

The fourth mark can only be made if the candidate coherently and correctly
links to the points above.

Plant diversity will be adversely affected. [4]
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 53

Assessment Grids
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 55

MARK SPECIFICATION GRID
GCSE Additional Applied Science Unit 1
Foundation Tier
Specimen assessment
Specification
Question cross Total AO1 AO2 AO3 QWC
reference
1 1.3.2 3 3
2(i) 4.2.13 1
(ii) 4.3.10 3 2
3(a) 4.2.5 1
(b)(i) 4.2.12 1
(ii) 4.2.6 3 1
4(i) 1.4.8 1
(ii) 1.4.9 4 1 2
5(a) 3.3.9 1
(b)(i) 3.3.11 1 1
(ii) 3.3.9 4 1
6(a) 3.3.1 1
(b)(i) 3.3.11 1
(ii) 3.3.11 1
(c) 3.2.8 4 1
7(i) 1.4.8 1
(ii) 1.4.8 1
(iii) 1.4.8 3 1
8(a) 1.2.4 1
(b) 1.2.6 5 1 6
(c) (i) 1.4.6 1
(ii) 1.4.6 1
(iii) 1.4.6 11 2
9(i) 4.2.9 2
(ii) 4.2.9 4 2
10(a) 2.2.14 4
(b)(i) 2.2.6 1
(ii) 2.2.6 1
(iii) 2.2.12 9 3
11(a) I.c 1
(b)(i) 3.3.12 1
(ii) 3.3.12 1
(c) 3.3.4 4 1
12(a)(i) 4.2.3 1
(ii) 4.2.3 3
(b)(i) 4.2.16 2
(ii) 4.2.18 8 2
Total 60 27 24 9
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 56
MARK SPECIFICATION GRID
GCSE Additional Applied Science Unit 1
Higher Tier
Specimen assessment

Specification
Question cross Total AO1 AO2 AO3 QWC
reference
1(i) 1.4.8 1
(ii) 1.4.8 3 1
(iii) 1.4.8 1
2(a) I.c 1
(b)(i) 3.3.12 1
4
(ii) 3.3.9/3.3.14 1
(iii) 3.3.12 1
3(a) 1.2.4 1
(b) 1.2.6 5 1 6
10
(c)(i) 1.4.6 1
(ii) 1.4.6 2
4 (a) 3.3.1 1
(b)(i) 3.3.11 1
4
(ii) 3.2.11 1
(c) 3.2.8 1
5(i) 2.2.6 1
(ii) 2.2.6 7 3
(iii) 2.2.12 3
6 4.2.3 4 1 3
7(i) 1.3.2/1.3.5 6 6
8
(ii) 1.3.3 1 1
8(a)(i) 3.3.11 1
(ii) 3.3.11 2
10
(b) 3.3.11 2 1
(c) 3.3.6/3.3.7 4
9(i) 4.2.2 1 2
6
(ii) 4.2.2 1 2
10 4.2.16 4 1 3
Total 60 27 24 9
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 57

GCSE Additional Applied Science: Controlled Assessment

Group A Task

Scientific Detection– Oxygen in Stream Water

Context of the Assessment
A number of organisations and agencies, for example the Environmental Agency, are
interested in monitoring the quality of water. One key indicator that is monitored is the
concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water. If this is lowered the water may no longer
support aquatic animals such as fish.
It is the legal responsibility of employers to carry out a risk assessment of all work-based
activities. Risk assessments are normally carried out by a named person within the
organisation. You have been asked to carry out a risk assessment for the analysis of oxygen
in stream water to ensure the safe working of technicians in the laboratory.

What do you need to do?

In this activity you are going to complete a risk assessment for the analysis of stream water.
There are three aspects to the activity that will need to be included in the risk assessment:
• The collection of the sample from the stream;
• The treatment of the stream water at the sampling site;
• The analysis at the laboratory.

Information on the alkali-iodide-azide reagent can be found at
http://www.sciencelab.com/xMSDS-Alkaline_Iodide_Azide_Reagent_Alsterberg-9925574
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 58

Dissolved Oxygen: Standard Procedure

A. Collection of the water sample

1. Fill a 300 cm3 stoppered glass BOD bottle with water
from the stream. This may be taken from the banks of
the stream or by entering the stream.

BOD Bottle
B. Treatment of sample at sampling site (before returning the sample to the
laboratory)

1. Add 2 cm3 of manganese sulfate to the collection bottle.

2. Add 2 cm3 of alkali-iodide-azide reagent in the same manner.

3. Stopper the bottle with care to be sure no air is introduced. Mix the sample by
inverting several times. If oxygen is present, a brownish-orange cloud of
precipitate will appear. When this precipitation has settled to the bottom, mix
the sample by turning it upside down several times and let it settle again.

4. Add 2 cm3 of concentrated sulfuric acid slowly via a pipette held just above
the surface of the sample. Carefully stopper and invert several times to
dissolve the precipitate.

C. Analysis at laboratory

1. In a glass flask, titrate 200 cm3 of the sample with sodium thiosulfate to a pale
straw colour. Titrate by slowly dropping titrant solution from a burette into the
flask and continually stirring the sample of water.

2. Add 2 cm3 of starch solution so a blue colour forms.

3. Continue slowly titrating until the sample turns colourless. As this experiment
reaches the endpoint, it will take only one drop of the tritrant to eliminate the
blue colour.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 59

Generic Mark Scheme for Task A

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
The candidate identifies some hazards and risks The candidate writes a risk assessment which The candidate writes a complete and suitable
associated with the activity. Not all significant identifies the significant hazards with the activity risk assessment for the activity. (S)he
hazards or risks are identified. and risks associated with the activity. (S)he accurately describe all the reasonable hazards
identifies some suitable control measures. and risks associated with the activity. Where
The candidate demonstrates limited ability to necessary, (S)he identifies suitable and sensible
communicate their knowledge and The candidate demonstrates a reasonable ability control measures for hazards/risks listed.
understanding of safety issues. to communicate their knowledge and
understanding of safety issues. The candidate demonstrates an ability to
Managing Safety

The candidate makes limited use of appropriate communicate their knowledge and
English (spelling/grammar) and scientific The safety report is clearly presented with a understanding of safety issues to a high
language. His/her work is limited by poor largely appropriate and accurate use of English standard.
structure. (grammar and spelling).
The safety report is presented to a high standard
(S)he often uses scientific language and with an appropriate and accurate use of English.
terminology appropriately. (S)he consistently uses language (including
scientific language) accurately and
appropriately.

1-4 5-8 9-12

Total Available Marks: 12

Zero marks to be awarded where there is insufficient evidence to achieve a mark at level 1.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 60

Teacher Guidance

You are referred to the specification pages 28 - 30 which stipulate the conditions for
controlled assessment.

Further Guidance on Supervision and Time

Candidates will need to research hazards prior to devising the method. This activity
including the research should be carried out under informal supervision. Candidates will
require access to information on hazards, such as Student Safety Sheets or an on-line
electronic database.

Learners will need a 50 minute session to research the activity and a second 50 minute
session to complete the activity.

Preparing learners for the activity

• Candidates should be made familiar with the requirements of risk assessments by
carrying out risk assessments for practical investigations they have completed in
class. Candidates should have had an opportunity to consider both the hazards and
risks associated with both the procedures and materials they use. Candidates should
also have had an opportunity to consider hazards with carrying out ‘field work’.

Task Marking

The work of each candidate should be assessed in each of the following fields:

• Communicating Science
• Managing Safety.

When assessing candidates the following points need to be kept in mind:

1. The bands are hierarchical, however, a "best fit" approach should be adopted,
i.e. minor shortcomings at one level can be overcome by a candidate clearly
meeting the additional demands of a higher level.

2. Centres are required to annotate work to show which level is achieved in
each field and to indicate the evidence for the achievement of the level and
position within the level.

3. The marks for each of the fields should be entered into the table on the
controlled assessment cover sheet and the authenticating declarations by the
candidate and teacher/lecturer signed and dated.

4. A single mark for Task A out of 14 needs to be submitted.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 61

GCSE Additional Applied Science: Controlled Assessment

Group B Task

Sports Science – Clothing Fit for Cycle Racing

Context of the Assessment
You are a scientist working for a manufacturer of sports clothing. You have been asked to
test a number of materials to see which is the most suitable to be used in the manufacture of
clothing for cyclists. Sprint cycling can be won by fractions of seconds. Anything which
makes fractions of seconds of a difference can win a race.
• The movements by a cyclist force the clothing worn to stretch and move a great deal and
then return to “normal”.
• The last thing the cyclist wants is that during a race the clothing rips which will be
distracting and also increasing friction.
This means we need to test the material for the following properties:
1. How well it will stretch without tearing and return to its original shape.
2. How strong it is so that it will not snap/tear.

What do you need to do?

1. You need to devise a method to measure one of the following properties:

• stretch – best behaviour or
• strength of the material - strongest

Your teacher will direct one which you should do.

You will be testing five different materials:

cotton silk wool nylon terylene

When you do this remember:

• Your method should include the equipment you need as well as how you will use
it.
• You will need to have some way to make the samples of material similar – to
compare/measure like with like.
• Your employer needs to be confident in your judgement so you will need to arrive
at results which are as reliable and as useable as possible.
• You should remember the “normal rules” which apply to all scientific testing.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 62

2. Use your procedure to collect and record data about the materials and the property
about them which you are testing – remembering the need for reliable results, results
which provide the answer to your problem. But before you do this, make sure that
you show your method to your supervisor so that (s)he can ‘approve’ your procedure.

3. Your teacher will give you data on the other property that needs to be tested.
These will be given to you before you start the next step.

4. You must now present and analyse the data from the test you have gained and
also use the data given to you by your teacher in a way which:

• will allow you to find the solution to answer the question;
• will clearly present to your company the information about the material;
• will allow you to easily state which material is best fit for purpose.

Remember you will need to present your results in the most appropriate style.
You should remember that this is a scientific study and that normally points to
certain styles of presenting data.

5. Make conclusions using the evidence you have collected. Remember the two
problems that you are considering from the introduction.

6. Now that you have gathered all your results and presented your conclusions it is time
to evaluate – to make a decision as to how good your evidence really is.

• Evaluate the methods which have been used:

how “suitable” was the method?
were there any weaknesses or “not quite rights”?
try to think of a way to improve your method.

• Evaluate the quality of your data/evidence:

were your results convincing – beyond any shadow of a doubt?
were there any “flaws” in your data?
were you fully convinced about your conclusions?
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 63

Generic Mark Scheme for Task B and C

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

The candidate outlines a brief method to solve a The candidate independently devises a method to The candidate independently devises a
practical problem. (S)he makes a plan to devise solve a practical problem which, with some changes method to solve a practical problem,
some relevant data without necessarily or elaboration, could be followed by another person. described in a series of well ordered steps,
controlling variables. (S)he identifies the equipment needed for the task. which would enable the investigation to be
carried out by another person.
Devising Methods

Some equipment is identified for the task. The candidate presents their work using English
Guidance may be required. (grammar and spelling) that is largely appropriate The candidate presents their work logically
and accurate. (S)he often uses scientific language and using good English (spelling and
The candidate makes limited use of appropriate and terminology appropriately. grammar) to a high standard to
English (spelling and grammar) and scientific communicate meaning clearly.
language.

1-3 4-6 7-9

Total Available Marks: 9

Zero marks to be awarded where there is insufficient evidence to achieve a mark at level 1.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 64

Generic Mark Scheme for Task B and C

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4
The candidate uses procedures The candidate uses procedures to The candidate uses procedures to collect
to collect data of low quality or of collect mainly appropriate data of data of high quality. The data is suitable
Collecting and Recording Data

limited value or relevance. The reasonable quality. The quantity of and relevant to their investigation. The
quantity of data may be limited data is adequate for purposes of candidate collects a wide range of data
investigation. for the investigation.

1 2-3 4-5
The candidate partially records The candidate records data or The candidate independently devises The candidate independently
data or observations into a given observations into a given template. methods to record data. Their records of devises their own format for
template. Records are complete and data are clear and largely error free. recording results and accurately
presented to reasonable standard. records data or observations to an
appropriate degree of precision.
Their data is recorded to a high
standard and is easy to follow. All
units correctly recorded.
1 2-3 4-5 6-7
Total Available Marks: 12

Zero marks to be awarded where there is insufficient evidence to achieve a mark at level 1.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 65

Generic Mark Scheme for Task B and C

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4
The candidate carries out very The candidate carries out some The candidate carries out mainly suitable The candidate carries out the
simple and limited processing of appropriate processing of data. and appropriate processing of data. suitable and appropriate processing
data. A very limited attempt to Some attempt to analyse and The candidate makes an appropriate of data, transforming data into useful
analyse and interpret data. (S)he interpret data. (S)he gives a brief but interpretation of the data using mainly information.
gives a simple statement of clear conclusion largely consistent appropriate methods of analysis.
findings. with the data. (S)he identifies and (S)he gives detailed conclusions largely The candidate makes a detailed
explains some patterns within the consistent with the evidence. interpretation of data using suitable
The candidate makes limited use data. methods of data analysis. All their
Making Sense of Data

of appropriate English The candidate uses mainly appropriate work can be easily followed. (S)he
(spelling/grammar) and scientific There is some appropriate use of and accurate English makes detailed conclusions
language. English (spelling/grammar) and (spelling/grammar) and scientific consistent with the evidence.
scientific language to language to communicate their (S)he identifies and explains all the
The candidate demonstrates communicate meaning. scientific understanding. patterns within the data.
limited ability to structure the
work in an appropriate way. The candidate demonstrates some The work is well structured and logically The candidate uses an appropriate
ability to structure their work to argued with relatively minor errors. and accurate use of English
convey meaning. (spelling/grammar) and scientific
language to communicate their
scientific understanding.

The work is logically argued and is
well structured.

1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12
Total Available Marks: 12

Zero marks to be awarded where there is insufficient evidence to achieve a mark at level 1.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 66

Generic Mark Scheme for Task B and C

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

The candidate gives a simple evaluation of the The candidate gives a clear evaluation of their The candidate gives a detailed evaluation of their
investigation/ procedure. investigation/ procedure. investigation/procedure. They suggest
suitable/relevant improvements to their method.
Evaluating

1 2 3-4
The candidate makes a limited assessment of the The candidate makes an assessment of the The candidate makes a detailed assessment of
validity or quality of data. validity and quality of evidence. the validity and quality of data.

1 2 3-4
Total Available Marks: 8

Zero marks to be awarded where there is insufficient evidence to achieve a mark at level 1.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 67

Teacher Guidance
You are referred to section 5 of the specification which stipulates the conditions for
controlled assessment.

Further Guidance on Supervision and Time

Preparation for activity. It will be necessary to direct candidates to devise a method for
testing either:

• stretch – best behaviour or
• strength of the material – strongest.

Candidates are allowed to carry out research prior to devising the method. It is assumed
that a class session is set aside to introduce the activity and allow candidates to prepare
for the task. Learners will be able to complete research for the activity before they are
required to devise the method (see specification – Limited control for research). This
should be completed 1 week from giving the activity to the candidates.

Learners should ‘devise the procedure’ under informal supervision.

The practical activity should take about 1.5 hours.

Candidates should be allowed a maximum of 2 hours to complete the analysis,
interpretation and evaluation.

Candidates with specific learning difficulties can be given extra time as defined in
‘Access Arrangements, Reasonable Adjustments and Special Consideration – General
and Vocational Qualifications’.

Preparing learners for the activity

There are a number of investigations that candidates could carry out prior to carrying out
their controlled assessment. The following is deemed to be helpful:

• Testing the strength of different materials

Managing the tests and sharing data

Teachers are required to give data for step 3 of the task. This data can be data derived
from other members of the group or by the teacher's own investigation. This is to allow
candidates to make a judgement based upon the two properties tested. Teachers
should ensure that each candidate has sufficient data to enable them to process data
(e.g. to average readings). The data shared will be the raw data obtained from the
investigation. The candidate’s data must be clearly identifiable to the moderator. This
can be achieved by annotating the candidate’s work.

Health and Safety

Centres are reminded of the legal requirement to carry out a risk assessment before
allowing candidates to carry out practical work.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 68

Task Marking

The work of each candidate should be assessed in each of the following fields:

• Communicating Science
• Devising Methods
• Collecting and Recording Data
• Making Sense of Data
• Evaluating.

When assessing candidates the following points need to be kept in mind:

1. The bands are hierarchical, however, a "best fit" approach should be adopted,
i.e. minor shortcomings at one level can be overcome by a candidate's clearly
meeting the additional demands of a higher level.

2. Centres are required to annotate work to show which level is achieved in
each field and to indicate the evidence for the achievement of the level and
position within the level.

4. A single mark for Task B out of 43 needs to be submitted.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 69

GCSE Additional Applied Science: Controlled Assessment

Group C Task

Science and Food – Quality Control in Food Processing

Context of the Assessment

Quality control is important for any food-processing business. The quality of the supplies and
the quality of the final products all need to be controlled.
A food-processing company is adding a new pickle to its product range. A quality control
program needs to be set up for the process. Three important areas have been identified as
critical points for quality control:
• the ripeness of the tomatoes and apples, and the crispness of the carrots and
cucumbers
• the strength of the vinegar
• the keeping quality of the final pickle.
Your assignment is to devise quality control procedures for the strength of the vinegar and
use this method to test the suitability of four different vinegar batches.
The quality of the vinegar used to make the pickle is important. The colour and clarity can be
seen, but it is the acidity of the vinegar which inhibits the growth of micro-organisms and
creates a product that will keep well at room temperature. The acid in vinegar is ethanoic
acid.

What do you need to do?

1. Write a standard procedure to monitor the quality of the vinegar.

You will need to refer to the Candidate Information Sheet before you complete the
standard procedure. You also need to be aware that a vinegar will be rejected for
pickling if the concentration of the ethanoic acid is less than 6 g/100 cm3

2. Show your method to your supervisor and wait for them to authorise your standard
procedure before moving to the next stage of the investigation.

3. Use your standard procedure to titrate your batch of vinegar (Batch A) which will be
given to you by your supervisor.

4. Use your data and that of three other batches, which will be given to you by your
supervisor, to decide whether the different batches of vinegar are suitable for use in
the pickling plant.

5. You must now present and analyse all the data you have in a way which will allow
you to decide whether the batches of vinegar are suitable for use.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 70

6. Make conclusions using the evidence you have collected. Remember the two
problems that you are considering from the introduction.

7. Now that you have gathered all your results and presented your conclusions it is time
to “evaluate” – to make a decision as to how good your evidence really is.

• Evaluate the methods which have been used
• Evaluate the quality of the data.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 71

Candidate Information Sheet

• The amount of acid present in vinegar can be determined by titrating diluted
vinegar against a standard solution of sodium hydroxide of concentration
0.100 mol dm-3.
• The vinegar needs to be diluted by a factor of 10 before titrating by pipetting
25.0 cm3 of vinegar into a volumetric flask and making it up to 250 cm3 with
distilled water.

Calculation

• The concentration of the ethanoic acid (in g per 100 cm3) can be found by using the
equation:
concentration of sodium hydroxide x volume NaOH x 6
volume acid

Deciding on the indicators

The indicator that you use will depend upon the type of titration you doing.

Type of titration Indicator to use Colour change at end point (Alkali in
burrette)
Phenolphthalein: Colourless to permanent
Phenolphthalein or
Strong acid – strong alkali pale pink
methyl orange
Methyl orange: Red to orange
Phenolphthalein: Colourless to permanent
Strong acid – weak alkali Methyl orange pale pink
Methyl orange: Red to orange
Phenolphthalein: Colourless to permanent
Weak acid – strong alkali Phenolphthalein pale pink

Strong acids: Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid

Weak acid: Ethanoic acid

Weak alkali: Ammonia

Strong alkali: Sodium hydroxide
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 72

Generic Mark Scheme for Task B and C

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

1-3 4-6 7-9

Total Available Marks: 9

Zero marks to be awarded where there is insufficient evidence to achieve a mark at level 1.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 73

Generic Mark Scheme for Task B and C

Zero marks to be awarded where there is insufficient evidence to achieve a mark at level 1.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 74

Generic Mark Scheme for Task B and C

The work is logically argued and is
well structured.

1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12
Total Available Marks: 12

Zero marks to be awarded where there is insufficient evidence to achieve a mark at level 1.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 75

Generic Mark Scheme for Task B and C

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

1 2 3-4
Total Available Marks: 8

Zero marks to be awarded where there is insufficient evidence to achieve a mark at level 1.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 76

Teacher Guidance

You are referred to section 5 of the specification which stipulates the conditions for
controlled assessment.

Further Guidance on Supervision and Time

Preparation for activity. Candidates are allowed to carry out research prior to devising
the method. It is assumed that a class session is set aside to introduce the activity and
allow candidates to prepare for the task. Learners will be able to complete research for
the activity before they are required to devise the method (see specification – limited
control for research). This should be completed in 1 week from the giving the activity.
Learners should ‘devise the procedure’ under informal supervision.

The practical activity should take about 1.5 hours.

Candidates should be allowed 2 hours to complete the analysis, interpretation and
evaluation.

Preparing learners for the activity

Candidates should have had opportunity of writing standard procedures and carrying out
simple titrations prior to this investigation.

Managing the tests and sharing data

Teachers are required to give candidates additional data to candidates when they start
their analysis of data. This information can be found on the page ‘Information from three
vinegar batches’. This page may be photocopied and given to students.

Health and Safety

Centres are reminded of the legal requirement to carry out a risk assessment before
allowing candidates to carry out practical work.

Task Marking

The work of each candidate should be assessed in each of the following fields:

• Communicating Science
• Devising Methods
• Collecting and Recording Data
• Making Sense of Data
• Evaluating.

When assessing candidates the following points need to be kept in mind:

1. The bands are hierarchical, however, a "best fit" approach should be adopted, i.e.
minor shortcomings at one level can be overcome by a candidate's clearly meeting
the additional demands of a higher level.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 77

2. Centres are required to annotate work to show which level is achieved in each field
and to indicate the evidence for the achievement of the level and position within the
level.

3. The marks for each of the fields should be entered into the table on the controlled
assessment cover sheet and the authenticating declarations by the candidate and
teacher/lecturer signed and dated.

4. A single mark for Task C out of 43 needs to be submitted.
GCSE in ADDITIONAL APPLIED SCIENCE Specimen Assessment Materials 78

Information from three vinegar batches

These are the results obtained for three other batches of vinegar. The results are taken from
two other analysts. R L Blackwood, an experienced member of staff, and A. W. Smith, a new
member to the team.

Batch B taken by R. L. Blackwood

Reading Rough 1 2 3
Volumes cm3 21.30 21.00 21.20 21.10

Batch C taken by R. L. Blackwood

Reading Rough 1 2 3
Volumes cm3 26.40 26.10 26.20 26.15

Batch D taken by A. W. Smith

Reading Rough 1 2 3 4
Volumes cm3 24.20 25.00 25.80 24.60 24.00

GCSE in Additional Applied Science SAMs - 2011/ED
23/2/11