Exam. questions
I. General pathology
1. The study of pathology, methods in pathology
2. Obtaining and preparing of tissues for histological examination
3. Death and sings of death
4. Necrosis and gangrene
5. Atrophy
6. Disorders of metabolism of intracellular protein substances
7. Disorders of protein metabolism amyloidosis type
8. Disorders of intercelullar matrix metabolism
9. Disorders of carbohydrates metabolism including glycogenoses
10. Disorders of lipid metabolism including lipidoses
11. Disturbances of body fluids
12. Calculosis
13. Pigments of autogenous origin
14. Pigments of hematogenous origin. Intravascular and extravascular desintegration of
erythrocytes
15. Icterus
16. Exogenous pigmentations including pneumokonioses
17. Manifestations of circulatory disturbances
18. Circulatory collapse and shock
19. Etiology of circulatory disturbances
20. Thrombosis
21. Embolia and metastatis
22. Local circulatory disturbances
23. Ischemia and infarct
24. Haemorrhage and haemorrhagical diateses
25. Edema
26. Inflammation, etiology, classification and course of inflammation
27. Macroscopical and microscopical characteristics of inflammation and mediators of
inflammation
28. Immunodeficiency
29. Systemic connective tissue diseases /collagenoses/
30. Allergy and allergical diseases. Autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases
31. Superficial exudative inflammations
32. Fibrinous exudative inflammations
33. Suppurative exudative inflammations
34. Bacteriemia, toxemia, sepsis, pyemia
35. Lymphoplasmocellular and alterative inflammation
36. Proliferative inflammation and wound healing
37. Granulomatous inflammation
38. General characteristics of tuberculosis and primary tuberculosis
39. Postprimary type of tuberculosis
40. Syphilis
41. Specific inflammations other than TBC
42. Rheumatic fever
43. Progressive changes /regeneration and repair/
44. Progressive changes /hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia and adaptation/
45. Physical cause of diseases
46. Chemical cause of diseases
47. Nutritional disorders including avitaminoses
48. Biological cause of diseases
49. Bacterial infections of respiratory tract /Pneumococcus, Haemaphillus, Bordetella, Corynebacterium/
50. Bacterial infections of GIT /typhus, paratyphus, dysentery, cholera/
51. Bacterial zoonoses /Pasteurella, brucella, anthrax, malleus
52. Fungal infections
53. Viral infections
54. Parasitic infections
55. Disorders of growth
56. Teratology including monsters
57. Infections of grampositive microorganisms
58. Infections of gramnegative microorganisms
59. Transplantations immunity
II. Oncology
1. Definition of neoplasia
2. Characteristics of benign and malignant tumors
3. Biology of tumor growth
4. Clinical features of neoplasia
5. Precanceroses
6. Etiology of cancer - carcinogenesis
7. Classification of tumors
8. Squamous cell tumors
9. Benign tumors of the glandular epithelium
10. Malignant tumors of the glandular epithelium
11. Soft tissue tumors-survey
12. Tumors of the lipomatous tissue
13. Tumors of the cartilage and bone
14. Tumors of the blood and lymfphatic vessels
15. Tumors of the muscles
16. Tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid systems /survey/
17. Neoplastic myeloproliferative disorder
18. Hodgkin´s malignant lymphomas /histomorphology and prognosis/
19. Non-Hodgkin´s malignant lymphomas of B-cell origin
20. Non-Hodgkin´s malignant lymphomas of T-cell origin
21. Primary extranodal NHL
22. Acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemias
23. Acute and chrnic myelomonocytic leukemias. MDS
24. Tumors of the nerve sheath cells
25. Tumors of neurons /ganglionic cells/
26. Tumors of neuroectodermal origin-pheochromocytoma, chemodectoma
27. Tumors of the melanocytic origin
28. CNS tumors - survey
29. Mixed tumors and teratomas
30. Germinal tumors
31. Tumors of the placenta, mesotheliomas and synovialomas
32. Tumors of the endocrine glands
33. Tumors of the nose, paranasal sinuses and larynx
34. Tumors of the bronchus, lung and pleura
35. Carcinoma of lung and its complication
36. Tumors of salivary glands an oral cavity
37. Tumors of esophagus and stomach
38. Tumors of gastrointestinal tract
39. Complications of the GIT tumors
40. Tumors of liver and biliary tract
41. Tumors of kidneys
42. Tumors of urinary bladder
43. Tumors of male genitalia
44. Tumors of corpus uteri and endometrial hyperplasia
45. Pathological changes of cervix uteri
46. Germinal and mesodermal tumors of ovarium
47. Epithelial tumors of ovarium
48. Tumors of breast
49. Tumors of skin
50. Tumors of musculoskeletal system
51. Typing, grading and staging of tumors
52. Dysplasias of epithelium, CIN,CIS
53. Tumors of testis
III. Systematic pathology
1. Review of the most frequent malformation of the heart
2. Pathology of the pericardium
3. Bacterial endocarditis
4. Rheumatic fever-lesions of the heart
5. Acquired valvular heart diseases
6. Etiology and pathogenesis IHD
7. Morphology of acute myocardial infarction
8. Morphology of chronic ischemic heart disease /CIHD/
9. Consequences of MI and CIHD
10. Myocarditis
11. Cardiomyopathies and metabolic disorders of myocard
12. Hypertrophy and dilatation of the heart /cardiac failure/
13. Cor hypertonicum, cor pulmonale, cor bovinum
14. Etiology and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
15. Morphology of atherosclerosis
16. Complications of atherosclerosis
17. Arteritis
18. Aneurysms
19. Phlebitis, phlebectasias and varices
20. Pathology of hypertension disease
21. Posthaemorrhagic and haemolytic anaemias
22. Anaemias due to impaired red cell production
23. Leucopenias and leucocytoses
24. Myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndromas
25. Pathology of the blood incompatibility
26. Diseas of the spleen
27. Inflammations of the lymph nodes
28. Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract
29. Tracheobronchitis
30. Obstructive lung diseases due to disorders of the bronchial tree
31. Lung emphysema
32. Lung atelectasis
33. Disorders of the lung circulation
34. Bronchopneumonia and other focal pneumonias
35. Lobar pneumonias
36. Interstitial pneumonias
37. Pulmonary TBC /adult type/
38. Morphology of the chronic respiratory insufficiention
39. Pleuritis and other benign pleural lesions
40. Tonsilitis
41. Pathology of the oral cavity
42. Diseases of the oesophagus
43. Gastritis
44. Peptic ulcer
45. Inflammation of the small and large bowel
46. Appendicitis
47. Malabsorption syndromes
48. Intestinal obstructive lesions
49. Pathological contents of the peritoneal cavity
50. Peritonitis
51. Hernias
52. Pathology of acute abdominal emergency
53. Gastroenterorrhagia an melena /etiology and morphology/
54. Liver necrosis /including hepatodystrophy/
55. Viral hepatitis /acute and chronic/
56. Toxic hepatitis and liver abscess
57. Cirrhosis of the liver
58. Pathology of the biliary tract /cholangitis, cholecystitis/
59. Cholelithiasis
60. Pathology of exocrine pancreas
61. Renal malformation and cysts
62. Circulatory disorders of the kidneys
63. Pathogenesis and classification of the glomerulonephritis
64. Tubulointerstitial nephritis
65. TBC of the urogenital tract
66. Hydronephrosis
67. Urolithiasis
68. Inflammation of the lower urinary tract
69. Uremia - pathological findings
70. Diseases of the prostate gland
71. Inflammation of the Fallopian tube and ovary
72. Cysts of the ovary
73. Non tumorous disorders of the endometrium
74. Inflammation and dysplastic changes of the breast
75. Diseases of the pregnancy /membrane, umbilical cord, eclampsia, and amnial fluid
embolia/
76. Pathology of the placenta, ectopic pregnancy, abortus
77. Mors prenatalis-pathology of the fetal period
78. Pathology of the newborn-postnatal period
79. Malformations of the CNS
80. Traumatic lesions of the CNS
81. Circulatory disorders of the CNS
82. Brain hemorrhage
83. Intracranial extracerebral hemorrhagia
84. Vascular diseases of the CNS
85. Brain edema and hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension
86. Meningitis and cerebral absces
87. Viral encephalitis - review
88. Healing of the bone fracture
89. Diseases of the joints
90. Pituitary gland syndromas
91. Adrenal cortex syndromas
92. Goiter and thyroiditis
93. Hyper-and hypothyreoid syndromes
94. Disorders of parathyroid glands
95. Diabetes mellitus
96. Pathology of HIV infection and slow virus diseases
97. Diffuse neuroendocrine system-multiple endocrine neoplasia
98. Hypertensive vascular disease
99. Non-infectious inflammations of the skin and dermatitis of unknown etiology (psoriasis,
lichen planus, acne vulgaris)
100. Inflammatory diseases of the skin /bullous, non-suppurative, suppurative and
granulomatous/
Original questions Nr. 64. „Nephroses“ and 90. „Infections of the bones and bone marrow“
are excluded
NEW FORMULATION OF Nr. 99: originally „Non-inflammatory diseases of the skin“
changed for: „Non-infectious inflammations of the skin and dermatitis of unknown etiology
(psoriasis, lichen planus, acne vulgaris)“.