CONGITAL & VALVULAR HEART
DISEASES
Diseases Of Valves:
-either stenosis or regurgitation
-Congenital, Rhumatic, Degerative,
Infective endocarditis,$ or Traumatic
Mitral Valve:
Mitral valve prolapse:
-5% of population , Congital
-S&S:
-mainly asymptomatic
-systolic click & murmur ,chest pain ,systemic
embolisation
-predispose to infective endocarditis
Mitral Stenosis
-rhumatic
-pathophisiology:increase lt atrial press to
overcome stenosis backpress pul
congestion & hypertension
-S&S: dyspnea, arrythmia , cough, haemoptesis,
systemic embolization,taping apex, accentuated
1st sound, opening snap, mid diastolic murmur,
presystolic accentuation,promenant a wave
- :CXR,ECG,ECHO,CATH
-ttt: -medical :diuretics, digoxin, anticoagulant,
prophylactic antibiotic
-surgical
Mitral Regurgitation
-rhumatic, infective, cardiomyopathy
-Pathophysiology: backpress on lung & afterload
on lt ventricle
-S&S: 1st sound ,pan syst. murmur radiates to
axilla
- :CXR,ECG,ECHO,CATH.
-ttt: medicale &surgical
AORTIC VALVE :
Aortic stenosis:
-congenital, rhumatic, senile,
-subvalvular, valvular& supravalvular
-pathophysiolgy:lt vent. Failure & cardiac
Outpot
-S&S: syncope, angina,arrythmia, dyspnea,
suden death,syst. Murmur radiates to neck,
small volum pulse
-
-ttt: surgical
Aortic Regurgitation:
-rhumatic,conginetal, infective
-dialatation of 1st part of aorta :marfans, $
-pathopysiolgy: lt vent. dilatation then failure
-S&S: pulsatile artries, wide pulse press
palpitation, dyspnea, early diastolic
murmur
-
-ttt:surgical
CONGENITAL HEART DIS.
-Persistant ductus arteriosus
-Coarctation of aorta
-ASD
-VSD
-Fallot’s Tetrology