Respiratory System
The respiratory system is the
system of the body that
deals with breathing. When
we breathe, the body takes
in the oxygen that it needs
and removes the carbon
dioxide that it doesn't need.
The Respiratory System
1. Breathing inhale and
exhale
2. Cellular respiration
(chemical reactions)
First the body breathes in the air
which is sucked through the
nose(1) or mouth and down through
the pharynx (2) (food and air).
(sounds like fair – inks)
Through the larynx (3)(vocal box)
sounds like lair – inks
Then to the trachea (4) (windpipe) is
a pipe shaped by rings(horse
shoes) of cartilage. This has
mucus and Cilia (little hair
structures)
It divides into two tubes called
bronchi (5). These carry air into
each lung.
Inside the lung, the tubes divide into
smaller and smaller tubes called
bronchioles (6). (<1mm diameter)
Then (7)terminal bronchioles.
(<0.5mm diameter)
At the end of each of these tubes are
small air sacs called alveoli (7)
(300 million total).
(sounds like ravioli)
Capillaries, which are small blood
vessels with thin walls, are wrapped
around these alveoli. The walls are so
thin and close to each other that the air
easily seeps through. In this way,
oxygen seeps through into the
bloodstream and carbon dioxide is
then removed from the body when we
breathe out.
The diaphragm (6) is the
muscle that controls the
breathing process. As the
diaphragm flattens it causes
the chest to expand and air is
sucked into the lungs. When
the diaphragm relaxes, the
chest collapses and the air in
the lungs is forced out.
Average Lung Capacity
Compare your results from the bubble lab
•8th Grade Female 2.84 Liters
•8th Grade Male 3.50 Liters
•Adult 4.50 Liters
•Well trained athlete 6.50 Liters
Lung Capacity Graph Questions
Answer on back of paper…
1. What happened to the person’s lung
capacity over the course of the training?
2. What probably caused the change
3. What would happen if the person stops the
training?
4. Why?
5. What will happen as the person ages?
Respiratory Rate Questions
Answer on back of paper…
1. What happened to the person’s lung
capacity over the course of the lab?
2. What probably caused the change?
3. What will happen as the person ages?
Directed Reading Answers
• 1. Energy 8. J
• 2. E 9. K
• 3. A 10. I
• 4. B 11. H
• 5. F 12. G
• 6. C
• 7. D
Direct Reading
• 13. Diaphragm and rib muscles
• 14. Diaphragm
• 15. Rib muscles 20. B
• 16. Oxygen
• 17. Bloodstream 21. B.
• 18.Chemical energy
• 19. CO2