Deemed Measure Reviews:
1.) LED Holiday Lights,
2.) Multifamily Low-Rise New Construction, and
3.) Room Air Conditioners
March 1st, 2011
Regional Technical Forum
1.) LED Holiday Lights
• RTF Decision on July 8, 2002
– Excerpt from Meeting Minutes:
• “Keating went through the residential assumptions used in Eckman's
analysis of this measure, as well as some estimated savings data
compared to other holiday light sets (W2 bulbs, C7 bulbs and 10W C
bulbs). Eckman noted that, given the fact that the legitimate incremental
cost of these lights is $3-$4, this isn't necessarily the most cost-effective
energy savings measure. However, after a brief discussion, the RTF
recommended that this item be added to the deemed measures list, at a
credit of $1 per string, despite the relatively small savings associated with
this item.”
– Deemed Energy Savings
• 100 light LED holiday light string: 5.4 kWh/year
1.) LED Holiday Lights 2
Summary of Methodology and Sources for Unit Energy Savings Estimate
Measure Classification and Properties
Market Sector Residential
Market Segment Lighting
Measure Category LED Holiday Lights
Measure Description Efficiency upgrade of new holiday light
string to LED.
Sunset Criteria none given
Primary Workbook LEDHolidayLightsFY07v1_0.xls
Linked Workbooks none
Number of Measures, 1 light string upgrade measures each
and UES Components modeled using a single UES component
Measure Identifiers
Identifier Possible Values Further Explanation and Sources
Measure Type (See Upgrade - LED holiday light string (100 light
UES Table Below) string)
Constant Parameters
Parameter Possible Values Further Explanation and Sources
Run Time 180 hours per year Analyst's assumptions. Assumes 6
hours per day for 30 days per year.
(source undocumented)
Length of string 100 lights Analyst's assumption (source
undocumented)
Space Heat Interaction 16% Source not documented
Unit Energy Savings (UES) Estimation Method, Parameters and Sources
Measure Type UES Component Analysis approach Primary Parameter Baseline Efficient Case Baseline Efficient
/ Adjustment Factor Description Description Source Case Source
Upgrade - LED holiday One Component Delta watts times Watts per light 0.4 watts/light 0.04 watts/light Analyst's assumption
light string (100 light hours, minus space (source undocumented)
string) heat interaction.
1.) LED Holiday Lights 3
Checklist: Guidelines for the Development and Maintenance of RTF-Approved Measure Savings Estimates
2. Deemed Unit Energy Savings
Guideline Yes/No/? Notes
Measure Identifiers Yes 1 measure: 100 light LED string
2.1 Measure Savings Baseline Yes Upgrade New
Specification Implementation Standards Yes rebate
Product Standards Yes LED. 100 light string.
Input Parameters No Supporting data undocumented
2.2 UES Model Calibration ? Applies to interaction factor only. Could probably be generated using calibrated model.
Estimation UES Components Yes One UES component is appropriate.
Procedure Interactions between Measures Yes (measure interaction doesn't apply)
Heating/Cooling Interactions Yes
Reliable Baseline Data No Hours, watts, and 1-for-1 mini-to-LED ratio are assumptions/undocumented.
2.3 Required Reliable Efficient-case Data No Hours and watts are assumptions/undocumented.
Quality of Model Calibration - Baseline No Hours not calibrated to real-world energy use.
Savings Estimate Model Calibration - Efficient-Case No Hours not calibrated to real-world energy use.
Sound Analyses Used Yes Delta watts times hours is a reasonable approach.
2.3.3 Standard for Reliability
Did RTF determine savings were reliable? ?
Did RTF comment on pilot UES estimate? ?
Did RTF comment on small saver UES estimate? ?
2.4 Development and Maintenance Process
Sunset Criteria (explain) none given, yet.
Development/Maintenance Stage Under Review
Summary Sheet Completed? No
Measure Classification and Properties
Measure Identifiers
Constant Parameters
Estimation Method, Parameters and Sources
Measure Effective Useful Life (years) 7
1.) LED Holiday Lights 4
(Some) Measure Status Options
Staff Recommendation
• Out-of-Compliance
– To avoid de-activation after one year, the RTF would need to
review and approve a plan to bring the measure into compliance
with a valid deemed UES development stage.
• This effort would need a proponent(/volunteer)
• Deactivated
– Deactivation would get this measure off the RTF’s books today,
rather than waiting a year. (If there is no interest in this
measure, choosing this option could save RTF resources.)
• Small Savers
– This effort would need a proponent(/volunteer)
1.) LED Holiday Lights 5
2.) Multifamily Low-Rise New Construction
• RTF Decision on December 12, 2005
– Excerpts from Meeting Minutes:
• …Lack of Energy Star for multifamily new construction – Long-term Super Good Cents (LTSGC)
for single family is being phased out in favor of Energy Star…
• …Eckman noted that Hadley is proposing to retain the R-49 advance-framed ceiling standard, at
least at this time. The only problem I see with that is that, if R-49 ceilings don’t meet the B/C
ratio, that breaks the precedent, Himlie observed. Yes, it does, Eckman replied. And to me, that
may not be the best measure to use in this instance, Stephens said. After considerable debate,
the sense of the discussion was that R-38 is the cost-effective ceiling standard.
• The group devoted a few minutes of discussion to Hadley’s proposed multifamily technical
specs and savings estimates, offering a series of clarifying questions and comments. Ultimately,
Stephens moved that Hadley’s proposal be endorsed by the RTF, with the exception that the
ceiling standard reverts to R-38 flat and R-30 (vault). This motion was seconded and
unanimously approved.
– Deemed Measure Savings (Updated in 2007)
• Low-Rise (3-stories or less) Multifamily Building with Electric Heat built to
RTF’s specifications
– Heating Zone 1: 239 kWh/year per unit
– Heating Zone 2: 355 kWh/year per unit
– Heating Zone 3: 438 kWh/year per unit
2.) Multifamily Low-Rise New Construction 6
Summary of Methodology and Sources for Unit Energy Savings Estimate
Measure Classification and Properties
Market Sector Residential
Market Segment New Construction
Measure Category Multifamily Low-Rise
Measure Description Efficiency upgrade of new multifamily low-rise (3-stories or less)
buildings with electric heat built to the RTF's Mulitfamiy Low-Rise
specs.
Sunset Criteria none given
Primary Workbook New_MFFY07v1_4.xls
Linked Workbooks none
Number of Measures, 3 building shell upgrade measures with one UES component each.
and UES Components
Measure Identifiers
Identifier Possible Values Further Explanation and Sources
Measure Type (See New Construction Upgrade - Multifamily Low-Rise Building with
UES Table Below) Electric Heat
Climate Zone Heating zones 1, 2, & 3
Constant Parameters
Parameter Possible Values Further Explanation and Sources
Insulation Levels Attic: R38 std Based on "Baseline Characteristics of
Vault: R30 std Multifamily Sector Buildings in Oregon
Door: R5 and Washington" 2000 for NEEA.
Infiltration: 0.35 ACH
Heating System Type, Electric FAF - 89 to 90% efficiency - 9% Weighting FAF and HP takes into account duct
Efficiency, and Heat Pump - 187 to 251% efficiency - 42% Weighting efficiency and "real HSPF" (modeled
Weighting Zonal - 100% efficiency - 49% Weighting for RTF by Ecotope for SF work).
Unit Energy Savings (UES) Estimation Method, Parameters and Sources
Measure Type UES Analysis approach Primary Parameter Baseline Efficient Case Baseline Source Efficient
Component / Adjustment Factor Description Description Case Source
New Construction One Heating energy requirements for baseline and efficient Window u-value and Window: Window: Based on "Baseline Requirement
Upgrade - Multifamily Component case determined based on UA lookup of SUNDAY run floor/slab and wall Class 35 Class 30 Characteristics of of
Low-Rise Building with results for two prototypes. Energy consumption insulation levels Multifamily Sector specification.
Electric Heat calculated based on heating system type. Resultant Floor: R-25 Floor: R-30 Buildings in Oregon
savings is based on weighted average of prototype and Slab: R10-4ft Slab: R15-4ft and Washington"
heating system mix. 2000 for NEEA.
Wall: R-19 std. Wall: R-21 int.
2.) Multifamily Low-Rise New Construction 7
Measure Compared to Current Codes and Energy Star
Component Existing RTF Current Codes Energy Star
Deemed Multifamily Oregon Washington OR Zonal OR non-zonal
Savings Low-Rise
Baseline Spec
Inputs
Ceiling R-38 std R-38 std R-38 R-49 (38
R-38 adv. R-38
(R-30 vault) (R-30 vault) vault)
Walls (above grade) R-19 std R-21 Inter. R-21 R-13 + R-6 R-21 + R7.5 R-21
sheathing (z1); sheathing
Walls (below grade) n/a R-21 (w/R5 R-15 R-21 + R-5 R-19 R-19
tb) sheathing (z2)
Floors R-25 R-30 R-30 R-30 R-30 R-30
Slab R-10 4' R-15 R-15 R-10 R-15 4' perim. R-15 4' perim.
perimeter perimeter perimeter perimeter
Doors U-0.20 U-0.19 U-0.20 U-0.40 U-0.20 U-0.20
Windows U-0.40 U-0.30 U-0.35 U-0.32 U-0.30 U-0.32
Additional Specs n/a water choose an water heater, water heater,
heater spec option showerhead, lighting, htg
lighting, ACH equip, ACH
2.) Multifamily Low-Rise New Construction 8
Checklist: Guidelines for the Development and Maintenance of RTF-Approved Measure Savings Estimates
2. Deemed Unit Energy Savings
Guideline Yes/No/? Notes
Measure Identifiers Yes
2.1 Measure Savings Baseline Yes Upgrade New
Specification Implementation Standards Yes Must meet RTF Multifamily Low-Rise New Construction specifications
Product Standards Yes Must meet RTF Multifamily Low-Rise New Construction specifications
Input Parameters No Baseline data do not match current standard practice.
2.2 UES Model Calibration No SUNDAY runs calibrated? Heating system efficiency calibration?
Estimation UES Components ? May want separate cooling UES.
Procedure Interactions between Measures ? Internal gains assumptions unclear; efficient lighting and appliances assumed?
Heating/Cooling Interactions Yes n/a
Reliable Baseline Data No Baseline out of date with respect to new codes.
2.3 Required Reliable Efficient-case Data No Calibration needed.
Quality of Model Calibration - Baseline No No calibration documented.
Savings Estimate Model Calibration - Efficient-Case No No calibration documented.
Sound Analyses Used ? Should RTF require more than SUNDAY?
2.3.3 Standard for Reliability
Did RTF determine savings were reliable? ?
Did RTF comment on pilot UES estimate? ?
Did RTF comment on small saver UES estimate? ?
2.4 Development and Maintenance Process
Sunset Criteria (explain) none provided
Development/Maintenance Stage Under Review
Summary Sheet Completed?
Measure Classification and Properties
Measure Identifiers
Constant Parameters
Estimation Method, Parameters and Sources
Measure Effective Useful Life (years) 70
2.) Multifamily Low-Rise New Construction 9
Conclusions and Recommendations
• Baseline is out of date with respect to current codes.
• Not much of a measure left anymore.
– Measure specification could be re-defined (Energy Star
would be a good option)
• Staff recommends to change deemed measure status
to “Deactivated”
2.) Multifamily Low-Rise New Construction 10
3.) Room Air Conditioners
• RTF Decision on May 8, 2001.
– Excerpts from Meeting Minutes:
• “Eckman then presented updates for room Site Savings (kWh/year)
air conditioners and solar domestic water Capacity Cooling Zone
heating. The room air conditioner measure (btu/hr) 3 2 1
table was updated to reflect the revisions in 20,000 223 129 72
the minimum federal efficiency standards 19,000 181 105 59
18,000 172 100 55
and the subsequent change in the "Energy 17,000 162 94 52
Star" specifications.” 16,000 153 89 49
• The RTF adopted the … revised measure 15,000 143 83 46
14,000 134 77 43
savings estimates for room air
13,000 122 71 39
conditioners...” 12,000 112 65 36
– Deemed Measure Savings 11,000 103 60 33
10,000 94 54 30
• Energy Star Room AC 9,000 84 49 27
8,000 75 43 24
7,000 67 39 22
6,000 57 33 18
5,000 48 28 15
3.) Room Air Conditioners 11
Summary of Methodology and Sources for Unit Energy Savings Estimate
Measure Classification and Properties
Market Sector Residential
Market Segment Residential
Measure Category Room Air Conditioner
Measure Description Efficiency upgrade of new window air
conditioner pruchases to Energy Star.
Unit must replace an existing unit.
Sunset Criteria none given
Primary Workbook EStarRoomACFY08v1_0.xls
Linked Workbooks none
Number of Measures, 48 Room AC upgrade measures each
and UES Components modeled using a single UES component
Measure Identifiers
Identifier Possible Values Further Explanation and Sources
Measure Type (See Upgrade - Energy Star Room Air Conditoner
UES Table Below)
Climate Zone Cooling zones 1, 2, & 3
Constant Parameters
Parameter Possible Values Further Explanation and Sources
Cooling Degree Hours Cooling Zone 1: 320 hours Computed from hourly temperatures using
Cooling Zone 2: 574 hours SUNCODE & TMY2 Weather Files
Cooling Zone 3: 990 hours
Unit Energy Savings (UES) Estimation Method, Parameters and Sources
Measure Type UES Component Analysis approach Primary Parameter Baseline Description Efficient Case Baseline Source Efficient
/ Adjustment Factor Description Case Source
Upgrade - Energy Star One Component Energy use for EER 9.7 ( 20k Btu/hr) 9.4 (> 20k Btu/hry) 1, 2000.
cooling hours for each
climate zone.
3.) Room Air Conditioners 12
Checklist: Guidelines for the Development and Maintenance of RTF-Approved Measure Savings Estimates
2. Deemed Unit Energy Savings
Guideline Yes/No/? Notes
Measure Identifiers Yes
2.1 Measure Savings Baseline Yes Upgrade New
Specification Implementation Standards Yes Must replace existing
Product Standards Yes Must be Energy Star
Input Parameters No Documented, but not reliable.
2.2 UES Model Calibration No Cooling hours not calibrated to actual energy use.
Estimation UES Components Yes
Procedure Interactions between Measures ? Unclear how cooling hours were modeled.
Heating/Cooling Interactions ? Unclear how cooling hours were modeled.
Reliable Baseline Data No Energy Star market share in 2006 w as about 21%. Baseline currently assumes 0%.
2.3 Required Reliable Efficient-case Data No Doesn't take into account units exceeding Energy Star efficiency specs.
Quality of Model Calibration - Baseline No Cooling hours not calibrated to actual energy use.
Savings Estimate Model Calibration - Efficient-Case No Cooling hours not calibrated to actual energy use.
Sound Analyses Used ? Cooling hours not well documented.
2.3.3 Standard for Reliability
Did RTF determine savings were reliable? ?
Did RTF comment on pilot UES estimate? ?
Did RTF comment on small saver UES estimate? ?
2.4 Development and Maintenance Process
Sunset Criteria (explain) None provided.
Development/Maintenance Stage Under Review
Summary Sheet Completed? Yes
Measure Classification and Properties
Measure Identifiers
Constant Parameters
Estimation Method, Parameters and Sources
Measure Effective Useful Life (years) 9 years
3.) Room Air Conditioners 13
Conclusions and Recommendations
• Savings estimates do not meet RTF guidelines.
– Calibrating the model to real-world data would be challenging given
RAC users’ widely varying habits.
• Staff recommends changing deemed measure status to “Out-
of-Compliance”
3.) Room Air Conditioners 14