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Document Sample
TIPHON Perspective on
VoIP Numbering
John Horrocks (DTI)
Tiphon WG4 Chair
Document IPW-11 1
Tiphon
• Numbering relates to services not technology
• Regulation depends on services not technology
• IP can support many different services
• Aiming primarily at needs of telcos who migrate services onto IP
• Naming based on E.164 for public telephony (alternatives not
excluded)
• Expect telcos will want protected boundaries so design for
step/step call set-up with migration to end-end (hacking, quality
control, call related charging, culture)
• Not dependent on public E.164-IP resolution system for starting
2
Names and Addresses: Basics-1
• Name: Unique identifier of
communicating entity, used by network,
may be structured for user and contain
geographic information
• Address: Location of entity in terms of
network structure
3
Names and Addresses: Basics-2
Telephony Email Telephony “IP
on IP Telephony”
Tiphon IETF
Name E.164 User@host E.164 User@host
Address Routing IP address IP address IP address
E.164 or
Prefix+E.164
Acknowledgement: DGTP Netherlands
4
Main current work areas
• IETF: IPTEL general work based on SIP
• ENUM selection of means to
communicate with E.164 number, based
on DNS, precursor to use of SIP for call
• IETF: PINT Control connection between
PSTN dial-up access and ISP
• Tiphon: E.164 to IP resolution
Acknowledgement: DGTP Netherlands
5
Where Tiphon fits in
E.164
(Search engines) ENUM Choice
Tiphon Services Services
E.164 E.164 E.164 URL E.164 SIP
IPTEL
User@host
Acknowledgement: DGTP Netherlands
IP address 6
Different service concepts
Common service model Different service model
ETSI Tiphon IETF
H.323 SIP
Voice telephony service SCN telephony IP telephony
E.164 E.164 User@host
+ E.164
Switched IP Switched IP
circuit networks circuit networks
networks networks
Acknowledgement: DGTP Netherlands
7
Common service numbering
ITU-T ICANN
NRA-1 NRA-2 NRA-3 NRA-4
Operator-1a Operator-2a Authorisation
E.164 server system
Operator-1b Operator-2b and data
Operator-2c
modelled on DNS
Operator-1c needed from IP
Operator-1d Operator-2d
operators
SCN operators and IP operators Contains E.164-IP address pairs for each
E.164 number served on an IP network.
All registration activity is here IP addresses point to destination networks
and not necessarily to the terminals
Only operators know and can authorise individual
number assignments unless there is a full national
database
Needed for E.164 - IP resolution
Customers of IP operators allocated
E.164 numbers under this system No updating from users or
IP based operators without
Acknowledgement: DGTP Netherlands allocation from NRA
8
The Future: Multi-Everything
Multiple Users
(different roles, different persons,
distinctive alerting)
Multiple terminals
Multiple accesses
(eg fixed, mobile 1, mobile 2)
Multiple service providers
Multiple services
(eg telephony, fax data, video)
9
Future caller needs
Easy Easy Easy
Dial “Mem” Find
Class A
“closed user groups” Customisation
Class B
“public numbers” Registered names
Class C
“random calls” Directories
10
Future solutions
• Avoid a wholly new system allow
smooth market-led migration
• Grow E.164 for different roles/labels
• Hide E.164 with better terminals and
search engines
• Work needed on privacy vs exchange of
information to facilitate search engines
11
Tiphon Approach
• Many different voice related services
supported on IP
• E.164 use depends on service
implemented
• Interconnected networks with real
boundaries
• Allow Step-by-step call set-up
12
Service
resolution Service information
(may be repeated) could also be accessed
by later gatekeepers
Service
information E.164 - IP routing E.164 - IP routing E.164 - IP local endpoint
resolution resolution resolution
Service information
(may be repeated) (may be repeated) (may be repeated)
Search may be accessed
resolution either from SCN or IP
E.164-IP E.164-IP E.164-IP
Address book Resolver Resolver Resolver
Search engine
Called or Called or Called or
or Directory Routing
Next hop
Routing
Next hop
Routing
Terminal
information information information
E.164 E.164 E.164
E.164 number Home
Any information Gatekeeper Gatekeeper
(directory number)
on called party Gatekeeper
IP address
Called Routing IP address
If present
for media
E.164 E.164 for media
H.225 signalling
Media
Calling SCN Ingress IP There are various
terminal switch gateway options for this signalling
Route on
Route on
called E.164
routing E.164
Routing mostly uses tables
in SCN switches. One switch
may use IN for service information
SCN technology IP technology
13
Service Resolves R(E.164)
into IP address for
resolution Ingress Home
Gatekeeper at
destination Gatekeeper Gatekeeper
Service Service control Service control Checks availability
information of terminal
Routes on IP address Negotiates IP addresses
R(E.164) but carries calling & called E.164 for media channel
Cd(E.164)
Call control Call control Call control
R(E.164) R(E.164) R(E.164) IP address of terminal Possible
media port extension
H.225 signalling
Cd(E.164) to SCN
Opens media
Signalling
SCN SCN SCN Signalling I’face
IP Routing (UDP)
switch switch switch Media I’face
Uses IP address from call control Media
contains implicit call identification
Ingress
Gateway Terminal (or
Possible
Possible Possible Possible gateway
network
network network network
boundary
boundary back to SCN)
boundary boundary
Uses available interconnections
may give some quality control
SCN IP
Signalling Cd(E.164) = Called E.164 number
Media R(E.164) = Routing E.164 number
14
E.164 - IP Routing E.164 - IP Local Endpoint
Resolution SC Resolution
SC
1a - Cd R(E.164) 2a - S2i 4a - Cd R(E.164) 5a - STi
or Cd (E.164)
3 - Set-up 6 - Set-up
When 2a +2b
contains S1o contains S2o STi
received S2i
Start may contain M1o may contain M2o
Signalling CC CC CC
12 - Connect 10 - Connect
S1o S2o may contain MTi
1b - Reserve may contain M2i
4b - Reserve 7 - Reserve
media
media media 8 - MTi
2b - M1o 5b - M2i, M20 Reserved
11 - Connect pairs
13 - Activate media reserved reserved 9 - Activate
(M2i,MTi), (M2o, M1o)
media
M1o M2o
BC M2i BC MTi BC
1b - Reserve 4b - Reserve 7 - Reserve
media 2b - M1o media 5b - M2i, M2o media 8 - MTi
reserved 11 - Connect pairs reserved 9 - Activate Reserved
13 - Activate media
(M2i,MTi), (M2o, M1o) media
M2i MTi
MC MC MC
Bearer
M1o M2o
Ingress Call set-up direction Home
Terminal
Gateway Gateway 15
SC SC
4a - Cd R(E.164)
1a - Cd R(E.164) 2a - S2i 5a - S3i
3 - Set-up
When 2a +2b 6 - Set-up
contains S1o
received S2i contains S2o, M2o
Start may contain M1o
CC CC
S1o 9 - Connect
may contain M2i S2o 7 - Connect
1b - Reserve 4b - Reserve
media media
2b - M1i, M1o 5b - M2i, M20
10 - Connect pairs 8 - Connect pairs
reserved reserved
(M1i,M2i), (M1o, M0o) (M2i,M3i), (M2o, M1o)
M1o
BC M2i BC
1b - Reserve 4b - Reserve
media 2b - M1i, M1o media 5b - M2i, M2o
10 - Connect pairs reserved 8 - Connect pairs reserved
(M1i,M2i), (M1o, M0o) (M2i,M3i), (M2o, M1o)
M1i M2i
MC MC
M1o M2o
Network 1 Call set-up direction Network 2 16
Gateway Gateway
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