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Male Infertility

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10/27/2011
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Male Infertility



• What is it?







• Why Evaluate

 20% sole male factor

 30% a shared factor



 50% with a male factor

Male Infertility

 Why evaluate?



• Improve chances naturally

• Improve chances with IUI or IVF

• Improve chances of future pregnancy

• Improve overall health

Male Infertility



-Why Evaluate?





• 2-5% have significant pathology

Male Infertility



-Why evaluate?

• Assess risk to offspring

Male Infertility

-Why evaluate?

• 28% of men with zero or low counts

had genetic abnormalities

• Y chromosome deletions always

transmitted

Male Infertility

-Why evaluate?

• It may be treatable- 70% of cases

are!

Male Infertility

-Why evaluate?

• There may be a cost saving

• Marginal cost:

Vasovasotomy $20,921

TESA/ICSI $73,146

Varicocelectomy $26,268

IVF/ICSI (47%) $62,260

Male Infertility



When?

• Timing

-After six months of timed intercourse

-At time of presentation

Male Infertility

How?

• What should be done?

•History- reproductive, sexual, medical, surgical,

family, infectious, toxic, pharmacologic, childhood,

traumatic

•Exam- weight, height, body hair, thyroid, cardiac,

lungs, abdomen, genitalia, testes, prostate,

neurologic

•Testing- Two semen analysis, gonadotropins, ASA,

WBC’s, SPA, SCSA, ultrasound, genetics

Male Infertility

 Evaluation

 Semen analysis

Male Infertility

How?

• Make a diagnosis

• Choose a treatment plan

Male Infertility

Common Diagnoses

• Varicocele

Male Infertility

Common Diagnoses

• Obstruction

Male Infertility

Common Diagnoses

• Genetic

•Y Deletions

•Klinefelters

•Translocations

•Cystic Fibrosis

Male Infertility

Common Diagnoses

• Hormonal

• Toxins

• Obesity

• Neurologic

• Idiopathic

Male Infertility

Treat

• Non surgical

• Surgical

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Surgical

 Vasal reconstruction

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Surgical

 Sperm retrieval

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Surgical

 Ejaculatory duct resection

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Surgical

 Electroejaculation

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Surgical

 Varicocele Ligation

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Non surgical

 Hypogonadotropic

hypogonadism

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Non surgical

 Hyperprolactinemia

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Non surgical

 Immunologic infertility

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Non surgical

 Ejaculatory/Erectile

disorders

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Non surgical

 Non specific

 Gondadotropins

 Antiestrogens



 Aromatase inhibitors

Male Infertility

 Treatment: Non surgical

 Miscellaneous

 L Carnitine

 Nutrition



 Vitamins

Male Infertility

Conclusion



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