Species Direction Effect size (d) Two-tailed P One-tailed P Z score
Brain mass
Black capped chickadee S>F 0.060 0.918 0.459 -0.103
Bunting (Emberiza rutila) S>F 0.120 0.076 0.381 -0.303
Dark-eyed junco S>F 0.820 0.248 0.124 -1.155
Red-winged blackbird S>F 6.500 0.170 0.085 -1.372
Nuttall's white-crowned sparrow S>F 2.130 0.005 0.003 -2.807
Dark-eyed junco S>F 2.526 0.003 0.002 -2.948
Telencephalon
Dark-eyed junco F>S -0.780 0.152 0.924 1.433
Black capped chickadee F>S -0.900 0.164 0.918 1.392
Screaming cowbird F>S -0.480 0.492 0.754 0.687
Nuttall's white-crowned sparrow S>F 0.420 0.400 0.200 -0.842
Dark-eyed junco S>F 0.650 0.357 0.179 -0.921
Rufous-sided towhee S>F 0.880 0.260 0.130 -1.126
Shiny cowbird S>F 1.440 0.017 0.009 -2.387