Cancer
Early phenotypes:
Cell cycle
Oncogenes/tumor suppressors
Apoptosis
Later phenotypes:
Angiogenesis
Metastasis
Standards of Care
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Surgery
Standards of Care
Chemotherapy Chemotherapy Cons:
Winners: TOXICITY
Testicular cancer Lack of specificity
Leukemias (bcr-abl story) Drug metabolism
MDR
Less effective:
Breast
Colon
Lung
Less often mutated in cancers
(see nest table)
Perhaps the better way to stimulate apoptosis
Standards of Care
Chemotherapy Cons: Many diff types of chemo:
Chemotherapy Classes:
Lack of specificity
DNA-damaging
DNA topoisomerase inhib
Best outcomes are when
Chemo is combined with other
alkylating agents
Drugs and used early.
Could be even better if we knew
Exactly which apopt proteins
Were mutated in a patients tumor
Anti-metabolites
And then selected the chemo purine antagonists
Agent that targeted an unmutated
pathway
Anti-mitotics
taxanes
Cancer drugs and profits:
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/02/health/research/02cancerdrug.html?_r=1&scp=2&sq=cancer&st=cse
Pre-assessment 5 on immunology:
The ent ire class will read this ŅI munology PrimerÓbefo re class:
m
http://www .thebody.com/content/art14050 .html