ITS for Road Transport in
Countries with Developing
and Transitional Economy
Toshiyuki Yokota, TUDTR
World Bank
Contents
What is ITS
Current status of ITS in countries with
developing and transitional economy
Key knowledge for successful ITS
Deployment
Conclusion
What is ITS
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
Application of information technologies
(computers, sensors, and wired and wireless
communications, Data base, etc.)
ITS is one of Knowledge Economy
Economy comes to place a great importance on
the role of Knowledge which is seen as an
important production factor along with labor and
capital (e.g. electronic money)
ITS in Knowledge Economy
ITS is expected to create growth factors in Japan
ITS related market size(2015): $500Billion
Economic effect of ITS to all industries(2015): $830Billion
Jobs created in ITS related market: 1 Million Jobs (2015)
Domestic market size of IT-related industries
ITS is related to various benefits
Shorter Improved Efficiency
Traveling Times of Public Transport
Increased Capacity and Improved Safety
Throughput
Improved Logistics
Reduced Environmental and Security
Burdens
ITS Solving Problems of
Road Maintenance
Reduced Costs
Development of
Improved User Industry
Satisfaction
Less Traffic Rule Violations Problems of People
and Unlawful Use of Roads with Little Access to Transport
(including the poor)
What is ITS
Classification of ITS in the TOOLKIT
Traveler Information
Traffic/Road Management
Demand Management
Electronic Financial Transactions
Commercial Vehicle Management
Public Transport Management
Incident and Hazard Response
Traveler Information
• Services to support traveler decision-making on
travel mode, starting time, route, etc., before
and during a trip
Units Shipped 1993-2002
thousand units
2500
VICS Car Navigation system
Car Navigation System 1,950 thousand units
2000 VICS Unit
1,684 thousand units
1500
Car-Navigation
Display with VICS
1000
500
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Start of VICS Service:1996
Other Examples
Information on traffic condition Applied Technology (not
Jakarta (Indonesia) Chile-Argentina all but some of them)
Bangkok (Thailand) Connection (Chile)
CCTV (Camera)
Manila (The Philippines) Atacama Desert (Chile)
Radio
Klang Valley (Malaysia)
Fixed phone line
Prague (Czech Republic)
Cellular phone
Czech Republic-Germany
boundary FAX
Bucharest (Romania) Internet
Major cities (Poland) PAD
Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Digital Map
Florianopolis (Brazil)
Delivery of road traffic information using a cellular Message displayed on a VMS Traffic information delivery terminal
telephone text message service (Manila) (Bangkok) (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
Traffic/Road Management
Management of traffic flow on roads
Physical maintenance of roads, winter viability of roads, etc.
Inductive loops are used to obtain information on traffic volume, speeds
and traffic composition. Traffic conditions are captured in real-time by
CCTVs and the relevant organizations can quickly respond when there is an
accident or when a vehicle breaks down. (China)
Shanghai’s busy Nanjing avenue Control center for the road traffic information system
Other Examples
Road Management/ Signal Control/Monitoring Applied Technology (not all but
Manila (The Philippines) some of them)
Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) Signal equipment
Manila (The Philippines) CCTV (Camera)
Shah-Alam, Putrajaya, Cyberjaya (Malaysia) Inductive loop
Prague, Brno, etc. (Czech Republic) Sensors
Bucharest (Romania) VMS
Warsaw, Poznan (Poland)
Internet
Budapest (Hungry)
Wireless Sensor
Santiago (Chile)
Emergency phone
Valparaiso-Vina del Mar (Chile)
La Plata, Buenos Aires Province (Argentina)
Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Prague traffic control center
Highways and traffic control systems operated by Autopistal del Sol
(Prague)
Operation display of control
systems
Demand Management
Services to reduce traffic demand on roads and
congestion in city centers by taxing road use and
promoting use of other travel modes
Area Licensing Scheme that charges for the entrance to the center
area of the city is automated through the use of ETC type gate.
Electronic Financial Transaction
Services to allow automatic electronic payment of tolls
and fees, primarily on roads and bridges, but also to
enter restricted city centers and sometimes to pay
fees like parking charges, drive-through meals, etc.
ETC
Emergency call box
CCTV
Control Center
4 VMS
ETC system is introduced into outside two lanes within twenty lanes.
Other Examples
ETC Applied Technology (not all but
Jakarta (Indonesia) some of them)
Bangkok (Thailand) Tag
Manila (The Philippines) Smart card
Beijing, Shanghai, Guangong, Shenzhen On Board Unit
(China)
Infra-vehicle
Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
Communication
Rio de Janeiro, (Brazil)
Camera
Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Santiago (Chili)
Smart card for public Transportation
Shanghai (China)
Belo Holizonte (Brazil)
China
Commercial Vehicle Management
Services to support fleet and freight management,
including automatic weight, safety and credential
checking at borders
Other Examples
Border Crossing Applied Technology (not all but
Poland-Finland some of them)
Brazil-Argentina Electronic Tag
Mexico-USA border GPS
Argentina-Brazil border GSM (Cell phone network)
Chuquicamate-Antofagasta (Chili) Radio
Internet
Tracking of commercial vehicle/Vehicle
identification Control center
Shanghai (China)
Romania
Poland
Truck GPS Tracking System (Mexico)
Mexico
Chile
Mexico
Public Transport Management:
Services to improve the convenience and performance of public
transport such as schedule management and common fare
paying mechanisms
GPS
Cellular phone (radio, satellite
communications), etc.
Vehicle-mounted system
(GPS and communication display, Public transport control center
etc.) (communications/information management
and control system)
Public Transport Management System
Other Examples
Tracking of public transportation Applied Technology (not all but
Prague (Czech Republic) some of them)
Ploiesti (Romania) CCTV camera
Quito (Ecuador) GPS
Bogota (Colombia) GSM (Cell phone network)
VMS
Electronic Ticket
Internet
Shanghai (China)
Control center
Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
Bogota (Colombia)
Colombia
Improvement of the existing complicated small bus routes, providing a better and reliable public
transport service using GPS, ETC, and other methods(Colombia)
Incident and Hazard Response
Services to respond to accidents and other emergencies
such as dispatch of ambulances, fire trucks, etc.
ABCR (Brazilian Association of Highway Concessionaires)
Report System for Traffic Incidents
This system sends traffic incident reports by putting digital data into a
mobile terminal and sending it by cellular phone. It is effective
for retrieving incident reports from computers as well as for analyzing statistics of factors o
f incidents.
Police Department
Mobile Terminal
Cellular Phone
Data Telecommunication
Input Data
Scene of Accident Reference
People need information as well as IT
devices
ITS requires additional Knowledge
ITS
Engineering Planning and Evaluation
Civil Road Network/ Segment
Electronic/Communication/ System Architecture
Data base Marketing
Rapid Innovation
Standardization
Operation and Maintenance Road Design Standard
Maint. of Concrete, Asphalt Compatibility/Expandabili
Maint. of Electronic Devises, Data ty /Interoperability of
Base Electronic Devises
Training for new technology
Institutional Issues Project Scheme
Beyond current Legal Systems Public Sector-Driven
Beyond current Jurisdictions Private Sector-Driven
Partnership
Physical Construction
System Architecture/Standardization
System Architecture
User Services
Technical Physical Architecture
Issues of ITS Logical Architecture
Compatibility
Standardization
Expandability International Organization
Interoperability ISO (International
Organization for
Standardization)
ITU (International
Telecommunications Union)
Regional Organization
Domestic Organization
Example of Architecture of Pre-Trip
Information
•Public Network
Road Operator •Lease Line, etc. •TV, Radio
•Internet, etc.
Police
Broadcasting Company
Railway Company
Bus Company
Taxi Company Pre-Trip
Traveler
Car Sharing Operator •Leaflet
•Tel., Fax
•Internet, etc.
Airline Company
Shipping Company Travel Info. Center
•Public Network
Other Info. Providers •Lease Line, etc.
Public-Private Partnership
Role differentiation between Public and Private
Example of Role Differentiation
Product/Responsibility System
Infrastructure (Road side Devices Public Transport Systems
including sensors, variable massage Traffic Surveillance Systems
signs, GPS, Geographical Data, etc.) Incident Management Systems
Public Traffic Regulation Enforcement
Sector Basic Research Systems
Driven Create Common Platform (System Traffic Control Systems
Architecture, Standardization) Road Maintenance Systems
Data Creation (Traffic, Border Crossing Systems
Meteorological) Emergency Vehicle Management
Systems
On Board Devices, Portable units Pre-Trip Information Systems
Private including cellular phone, PAD Driver Information Systems
Sector Electronic Toll Collection Systems
Commercialization Multi-Modal Payment Systems
Driven Individual Application
Data Processing/Provision
Coordinating with laws, regulations
Ind ividu al Pro duct
Inf ormat ion Lia bilit y
Pro tecti on
Pre venti on of Air
Tra ffic Contr ol Pol lutio n
and Regu latio n
Pre venti on of
Noi se an d
Vib ratio n
Saf ety Use r
Pro tecti on
Env ironm ental Pro tecti on of
Pro tecti on Glo bal
App roval of R oad Env ironm ent
Tra nspor t Tra ffic Safet y
Ope ratio n and Regu latio n
ITS App ropri ate
Use of R adio
Ins pecti on an d Wav e
Reg istra tion of
Veh icles
App roval of
Bro adcas ting
Roa d
Roa d Sys tem, Inf rastr uctur e
Adm inist rativ e Bro adcas ting &
Str uctur e & R oad Tel ecomm unica tions
Spe cific ation
App roval of
Dep loyme nt Pl an Tol l Roa d Tel ecomm unica tions
and Fina ncing Ins titut ion Ope ratio n
Additional fields for Road/Transport Administrator
Cooperation within Government
Cooperation Between Functions
Road Construction and Management
Public Transport Operation and Management
Police and Safety Management
Trade and Customs
Vehicle Administration
Radio Wave Management
Promotion of Standardization
Cooperation Between Region
Cooperation Between Countries
Recommended Policy Framework
Form an ITS Advisory Group
Encourage the Formation of an ITS
Promotion Organization
Create a Suitable ITS Architecture
Adopt Relevant ITS Standards
Encourage Organizational Cooperation
Make ITS Planning and Deployment
Conclusion
ITS is the application of information
technologies related to Knowledge Economy
ITS is not technology only for the developed
countries
ITS requires additional knowledge
ITS Toolkit, http://www.developingits.org/itstoolkit,
provides additional knowledge on ITS
Should we recommend ITS to our clients?
Yes, if clients have interest and capability.
Annex examples of benefit
Shorter Traveling Times: According to FHWA’s ITS Benefits: 2001 Update, on-board navigation
experiment for one year showed delay reduction of 8.1% and fuel consumption decrease of 3%.
Increased Capacity and Throughput: FHWA’s ITS Benefits: 2001 Update points out that the freeway
management system in Minneapolis – Saint Paul increased the throughput by 16.3%.
Improved User Satisfaction: In Michigan, U.S., 72% of the surveyed drivers felt better off because of
signal control improvement.
Reduced Environmental Burdens: ERTICO’s ITS Toolbox gives the example of the PROMT project for
influence on air pollution, mentioning a simulated 23.3% reduction of vehicle stoppage, 5% reduction of
fuel consumption and 4 to 5% decrease of CO2, NOX and CO emissions in Gothenburg, Sweden.
Less Traffic Rule Violations and Unlawful Use of Roads: There have also been reports of these
cameras resulting in a 15% to 40% reduction in accidents caused by drivers failing to heed traffic
signals (Research in Europe).
Benefit/Cost Ratios for Selected Technologies (PIARC, 2000)
Technology Benefit/Cost Ratio Benefit
Incident detection 1.7 – 3.8 Accident reduction
Speed control 2.9 Accident reduction
Lane Control 2.7 Accident and congestion reduction
Ramp Control 3.6 Travel time reduction
Intersection control 34 Travel time reduction
Emergency vehicle 4.8 Reduction of accident severity
priority
Speed enforcement 4.1 Accident reduction