Uniform Emergency Access
Ericsson
Hanan Ahmed
Hanan.Ahmed@ericsson.ca
CDG International Roaming Team Meeting
Bali, March 2004
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Presentation Outline
• Introduction
• Background
– Wireless 9-1-1 in J-STD-036
– The history of 112
• Emergency Access Requirements in 3GPP
– General Requirements
– Emergency Access for CS
– Emergency Access for PS
– Emergency Access for IMS
• Emergency Access in 3GPP2
• Discussion Summary
• References
• Appendix
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Introduction; Uniform Emergency Access
• The ability of a wireless subscriber to access emergency
services using one or more common number(s)/methods
across different CDMA networks.
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Background
• Wireless 9-1-1 in J-STD-036;
• The History of 1-1-2;
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Wireless 9-1-1 in J-STD-036
• The FCC mandated the support of 911 calls
• The work was done in TIA (TR.45.2)
• Produced the interim standard J-STD-036 which defines the
messaging required to support information transfer to identify and
locate wireless emergency services callers. Carriers position
reporting to emergency services systems as mandated by the
Federal Communication Commission (FCC) under docket 94-102
without considering position reporting privacy restrictions.
• J-STD-036 handles 911 calls for both ANSI-41 & PCS 1900
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The History of 1-1-2
• In 1991, The Council of the European Communities, made the
decision (91/396/EEC) to introduce a Single European Emergency
Call Number.
• The decision was to introduce the number 112 in public telephone
networks & to integrate it into the public mobile services as the
single European emergency number in addition to any other existing
national number.
• Implementation was to be done by the end of 1996.
• In 2001, a survey directed by the European Commission found that
all EU members (and some other European countries) have
implemented the single emergency number for public telephone &
mobile networks.
• In GSM releases 4 onwards, 112 support is mandatory.
• In GSM/3GPP releases 5&6, 112 & 911 support is mandatory.
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Emergency Access Requirements in 3GPP, Release 5
1. A standardized access method throughout all PLMNs is
mandatory.
2. It shall be an option of the network operator whether to accept
emergency calls coming from user equipment which do not
transmit an IMSI or a TMSI.
3. Emergency calls supersede all constraints imposed by
supplementary services or user equipment features used for
other Tele or Bearer services. The lock state of the UE is
overridden by the SOS-procedure.
4. Emergency calls will be routed to the emergency services in
accordance with national regulations.
5. In order to help identifying callers in cases of misuse databases
in the PLMN may be accessed to retrieve the identity of the
calling UE.
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Emergency Access Requirements in 3GPP, Release 6
– General Requirements
– Other Requirements
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General Requirements
• It shall be possible to establish an emergency speech call
• It shall be allowed to establish an emergency call without the need
to dial a dedicated number (ex. Panic button)
• Emergency Calls shall be supported by the UE without a SIM/USIM
being present. The national authorities will decide whether the
network accept it.
• The Emergency service is required only if the UE supports voice
• It shall be possible to initiate emergency calls to different
emergency call centres, depending on the type of emergency
• When a SIM/USIM is present, subscriber specific emergency call
set-up MMI shall be provided
• The Home Environment operator shall specify preferred emergency
call MMI(s) (e.g. 911 for US citizens). Stored in the SIM/USIM, the
ME shall use any entry of these digits to set up an emergency call.
• The association between emergency numbers and emergency call
type, to be programmed by the Home operator into the SIM/USIM
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General Requirements; Identification of Emergency Numbers
• The ME shall identify a number dialled by the end user
as a valid emergency number if it occurs under one or
more of the following conditions.
– 112 and 911 shall always be available. These numbers shall be
stored on the ME.
– Any emergency number stored on a SIM/USIM when the
SIM/USIM is present.
– 000, 08, 110, 999, 118 and 119 when a SIM/USIM is not present.
These numbers shall be stored on the ME.
– Additional emergency numbers that may have been downloaded
by the serving network when the SIM/USIM is present.
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General Requirements; Domain Priority & Selection
• A CS and IMS capable UE attempting an emergency call
should give priority to the CS Domain. In case the call
attempt fails, the UE should automatically make a
second attempt on the other domain.
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Other Requirements
• Emergency Calls in the CS CN Domain; A CS CN Domain shall
support the emergency call teleservice as defined in 3GPP TS
22.003 (TS12).
• Emergency Calls in the PS CN Domain; Without the IM CN
subsystem, emergency calls are not supported in the PS CN
domain.
• Emergency calls in the IM CN subsystem; It shall be possible for
the IM CN subsystem to support IMS emergency calls. Note: Other
forms than speech for emergency services are for further study.
• Emergency Calls when Attached via an I-WLAN; Any attempt to
make an emergency call shall be handled as defined for a PS CN
domain network.
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Emergency Access in 3GPP2
• J-STD-036 B done in TIA TR45.2 & NOT 3GPP2
• 911 is the only emergency number
• It is a “North America” issue, mandated by the FCC.
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Emergency Access in IS-2000.5-C
• In case of an emergency call origination, the mobile station shall
send an indication that the user has originated an emergency call.
• Depending on the protocol revision, in the Origination Message,
the mobile station shall set the GLOBAL-EMERGENCY-CALL
indicator to „1‟ if the mobile station recognizes that this is an
emergency call
• If the base station receives an Origination Message and the
GLOBAL-EMERGENCY-CALL indicator is set to „1‟ and the service
associated with this origination is a voice service, the base station
shall recognize this as an emergency call and should process the
message using an implementation-dependent procedure which may
include ignoring the dialed digits.
• If the GLOBAL-EMERGENCY-CALL indicator is set to „1‟ and the
service is not a voice service, the base station may recognize this as
an emergency call and should process the message using an
implementation-dependent procedure which may include ignoring
the dialed digits.
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Discussion Summary
• In the United States, 911 implementation is mandated by
the FCC
• Emergency access related work is done in TR45.2
• The only two numbers that are general for emergencies
are 911 & 112
• No other number is as widely used as 911 & 112
• The CDG can communicate requirements to 3GPP2
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References
• Enhanced Wireless 9-1-1, J-STD-036
• Circuit Teleservices supported by a Public Land Mobile
Network (PLMN) (Release 5), 3GPP TS 22.003 V5.2.0
• Service Principles (Release 6), 3GPP TS 22.101
• The council of the European communities, Council
Decision, July 29, 1991 on the introduction of a single
European emergency call number (91/369/EEC)
• State of Implementation of a single European
emergency call number > (as of September
2001)
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APPENDIX
Examples of Emergency Numbers
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Country Ambulance Fire Police
000 (112 on cell phone)
Australia
112 / 122
Austria
112 118
Bali
112/100
Belgium
911
Canada (AB, MB, NB, NS, ON, PE, QU)
China 999 / 120 (Beijing) 119 110
Cyprus 112
112/155 150 158
Czech Republic
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Country Ambulance Fire Police
112
Denmark
112 / 999
England
Estonia 112 112 110
Finland 112
France 112 / 18
Germany 112
Greece 112 / 166 112 / 199 112 / 100
Guam 911
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Country Ambulance Fire Police
999
Hong Kong
Hungary 112
Iceland 112
102 101 100
India
Indonesia 118 113 110
Ireland 112 / 999
Italy 118 115 112
Japan 119 119 110
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Country Ambulance Fire Police
119 119 112
South Korea
Latvia 03 / 112 01 / 112 02 / 112
112
Liechtenstein
Lithuania 112
Luxembourg 112 / 113
Malaysia 999 994 999
Malta 112
080
Mexico
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Country Ambulance Fire Police
112
Netherlands (Holland)
111
New Zealand
Norway 112 / 110
Poland 112 / 999
Portugal 112 (115 for forest fires)
Russia 112
Singapore 995 995 999
155 158 150
Slovakia
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Country Ambulance Fire Police
112
Slovenia
Spain 112 / 061
Sweden 112
112
Switzerland
Thailand 191 199 191
112 / 999
United Kingdom
911
United States
Vietnam 15 14 13
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