Googling to the Max!
Reference Sheet 3 Limit Commands in Google
MIXING LIMIT COMMANDS: You can combine or mix most limit commands with other limit commands and/or search terms. You can use Boolean operators, and phrases to do this. However, you cannot mix anything except site: with commands that apply to all terms that follow the command (e.g., allintitle: allinurl:). Limit/Focus Commands
intitle:
Suggested Uses & Limitations:
Requires terms to occur in the
field, part of the HTML <Head> or top section. Finds pages likely to be focused on your terms. Requires all terms that follow to be in title field. Equivalent of repeating intitle: before all terms. Words may be in any order unless quotes are used to force phrases. Focuses narrowly on pages about the terms used. Requires terms to be in URLs. Can be used with or without quotes, and repeated. URL punctuation is ignored. Usually finds pages focused very specifically on terms. Requires all terms to occur somewhere in URLs, in any order. Must be followed by all or the last part of the top level of a URL, which identifies a "site." Must include org, edu, com, etc. "www" and http:// optional. Requires all results to have this as the top level URL (or site). Use to search within a site or limit to type of site (e.g., org or edu). Follow by a file extension (pdf, xls, doc, ppt, etc.). Requires terms to be in these types of documents.
Examples:
• intitle:"sea level" rise california • intitle:"global warming" intitle:"sea level" california • intitle:"global warming" site:epa.gov –site:com • allintitle: global warming sea level rise • allintitle: global warming "sea level rise"
allintitle:
inurl:
allinurl:
• inurl:"mickey mouse" finds pages with these two in URLs, allowing any punctuation. • inurl:mickey mouse finds pages with joe in URLs, and barker somewhere in the document. • allinurl: cnn news finds pages like
www.cnn.com/news/
site:
• site:techsmart.co.za finds all pages in Google from this site. • site:techsmart.co.za internet finds pages in Google from this site with the word "internet". • site:org OR site:edu librarian training finds pages with these terms inside .org or .edu sites in Google. • filetype:pdf "banana pie" recipes • filetype:pdf OR filetype:ppt "banana caramel pie"
filetype:
Limit/Focus Commands
daterange:Julian dates (date the Google web crawler visited & found content changes).
Suggested Uses & Limitations:
A more precise way than the Advanced Search to limit by date last crawled, which allows only 3 months, 6 months or l year. Finds recently updated pages, pages created on a specific date, and un-updated pages. If you don't know Julian dates visit: www.faganfinder.com/ google.html An optional way of specifying that you want pages only containing a certain range of numbers. You can just type 123..456, 123.., or ..456 and get the same result. Google also accepts 123-456, 123-, or -456. Find web pages from servers in a specific country, regardless of top level domain. List of country codes is available at www.iana.org/cctld/cctldwhois.htm
Examples:
• web searching daterange:24526402453005 finds pages containing these terms crawled between 6/1/03 and 6/1/04.
numrange: .. -
• numrange:1920..1930
Sites from a specific country. After doing a Google search, append this to resulting URL in Address box: &restrict=countryXX with XX being a capitalized two-letter country code, e.g.: ZA
• Step 1: Perform Google search as normal, for example: recipes OR cooking india OR indian • Step 2: In Address box, append to the URL created by step 1: &restrict=countryZA
Limit Commands for Web Managers and Authors:
intext:
Suggested Uses & Limitations:
Requires search terms to occur in the text or <Body>. They may also occur in the title, url, or other places, and so this search resembles the default search, which looks at text. Requires all search terms to occur in the text or <Body>. Equivalent of repeating intext: before each term.
Examples:
Limited application, because in text is a Google default. • intext:"sheet music" lincoln
allintext
• allintext: finding information
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